NAME: MD.

MAHATHIR BIN AWANG HJ AHMAD Cs116 assignment

100 marks

(a) DATABASE [15]

It is often abbreviated as DB. A collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of data. It is like an electronic filing system. Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number. To access information from a database, you need a database management system (DBMS). This is a collection of programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database. (b) TABLES [20]

Refers to data arranged in rows and columns. In relational database management systems, all information is stored in the form of tables. Each value can have a predefined relationship to the other values. If you change one value, therefore, you may need to change other values as well.
b

This is an example of a table!

Postcode 4350 4352 2340 3311 Postcode Name Toowoomba Toowoomba MC Carroll Casterton State Code QLD QLD NSW VIC Population 87000 0 Null 7210

(c) ATTRIBUTES [10] In database management systems, the term attribute is sometimes used as a synonym for column or field.
c

Customer No 1 2 3 4 5

Customer Name Ian Smith Jennifer Janet Harry Margaret

Postcode 2340 4350 Null 3311 3311

Balance 617.00 0.00 56.50 0.00 Null

(d) TUPLES [15]

In relational database management systems, records or a single row is called tuples. In database management systems, a complete set of information. Records are composed of fields, each of which contains one item of information. A set of records constitutes a file. For example, a personnel file might contain records that have three fields: a name field, an address field, and a phone number field. Customer No 1 d 2 3 4 5 Janet Harry Margaret Null 3311 3311 56.50 0.00 Null Customer Name Ian Smith Jennifer Postcode 2340 4350 Balance 617.00 0.00

(e) RELATIONAL DATABASE [15] RDBMS short for relational database management system and pronounced as separate letters, a type of database management system (DBMS) that stores data in the form of related tables. Relational databases are powerful because they require few assumptions about how data is related or how it will be extracted from the database. As a result, the same database can be viewed in many different ways. An important feature of relational systems is that a single database can be spread across several tables.

(f) PRIMARY KEYS [10]

Most database management systems allow you to have more than one key so that you can sort records in different ways. One of the keys is designated the primary key, and must hold a unique value for each record. (g) COMPOSITE PRIMARY KEY [5] A primary key that consists of more than one attribute. (h) FOREIGN KEY [10] Most database management systems allow you to have more than one key so that you can sort records in different ways. A key field that identifies records in a different table is called a foreign key.
c Customer No 1 2 3 4 5 Jennifer Janet Harry Margaret 4350 Null 3311 3311 0.00 56.50 0.00 Null Customer Name Ian Smith Postcode 2340 Balance 617.00 Customer Table

Postcode 4350 4352 2340 3311

Postcode Name Toowoomba Toowoomba MC Carroll Casterton

State Code QLD QLD NSW VIC

Population 87000 0 Null 7210

Postcode Table