Suggested Solution

1. Let
1 2
, v v be the vertical downward speed and the horizontal speed of the particle after collision.
By conservation of momentum horizontally:

2
MU mv = .....(1)
By Newton's Law of restitution:

2 1
( ) V U e v v + = .....(2)
As the wedge is smooth, the impulse is
perpendicular to the plane of the wedge,
hence speed of the particle parallel to the plane is unchanged:

1 2
2 2
v v V +
=
1 2
V v v = + .....(3)
By (2) and (3), we have
2
( )
2
V V U e
v
+ +
= , put it to (1):

( )
2
V V U e
m MU
+ + | |
=
|
\ .

2 mV meV meU MU + + =
(1 ) (2 ) m e V M me u + =

2
(1 )
M me
V U
m e

=
+


2. (a) Let m be the mass of the player.
For minimum value of e ,

2
4 0.9 m mg e =

10 5
3.6 6 3
g
e = = = rad/s
(b) As the above e is independent of m, so the claim of John is false.

3. (a) Let AP x = and tensions in AP and PB be
1
T and
2
T respectively.





1
2
( 2 ) ( 2 )
2
mg mg
T x x = =



2
3 3
(5 ) (4 )
mg mg
T x x = =



2 1
3
(4 ) ( 2 )
mg mg
mx T T x x = =


( 4 14 )
mg
x = +

4
14
g
x x g

= +

P performs S.H.M. with period
2
4 g g
t
t = =

(b) When P is in equilibrium,

1 2
T T =

3
(4 ) ( 2 )
mg mg
x x =


12 3 2 x x =
4 14 x =

7
2
x =
4. (a) P is the mid-point of BC .

2
3
a
GD = and
2 4
2
3 3
a a
DB a = =

2 2 2
2
4 16 20
9 9 9
a a a
GB = + =

2 2
2
2
BP a a = =

2 2
2 2
20 2
2
9 9
a a
GP a = =
M.I. of half of the square lamina about P

2
2
1 2
3 3
Ma
ma = =
C.G. of the triangular lamina is at
2
3
a
from P ,

2
2
2
( )
9
P G G
Ma
I I M GP I = + = +
2
4
9
G
Ma
I =

2 2
2
20 8
( )
9 3
B G G
Ma Ma
I I M GB I = + = + =
(b) Angular momentum before collision
2
3
a
Mu
| |
=
|
\ .

Angular momentum after collision
B
I e =
By conservation of angular momentum
2
2 8
3 3
Mau Ma
e =

4
u
a
e =

P
5. (a) Let the forces be
1
6 F i =

,
2
4 3 36 27
9
5 5 5
i j
F i j
(
+
= = +
(



and
3
5 F j =


The resultant
1 2 3
6 2
5 5
R F F F i j

= + + = +

.
(b) Let the x - and y -intercept of the resultant be ( , 0, 0) a and (0, , 0) b respectively.
Take moment about ( , 0, 0) a :

2 3
(4 , 0, 0) ( , 0, 0) 0 a F a F + =



36 27
(4 , 0, 0) , , 0 ( , 0, 0) (0, 5, 0) 0
5 5
a a
| |
+ =
|
\ .



27
(4 ) 5 0
5
a a + = , 54 a =
Take moment about (0, , 0) b :

1 2
(0, , 0) (0, 3 , 0) 0 b F b F + =



36 27
(0, , 0) (6, 0, 0) (0, 3 , 0) , , 0 0
5 5
b b
| |
+ =
|
\ .



36
6 (3 ) 0
5
b b + = , 18 b =
(c)
6 2
5 5
f R i j = =


Total moment of
1 2 3
, , F F F

about B

1
(0, 3, 0) 18 F k = =


Hence, 18 m k =


(d) Yes, we may take f

to pass through (54, 0, 0) .

6. (a) The equation of motion are y g = , 0 x = .
Since 0 x = , the horizontal motion occurs at constant speed, so we have
cos x u u = and cos x u t u =
Since sin y u gt u = and
2
1
sin
2
y u t gt u =
Eliminating from the two equations cos x u t u = and
2
1
sin
2
y u t gt u = .
we get
2
2
2
tan sec
2
gx
y x
u
u u =
(b) Put y h = ,

2
2
2
tan sec
2
gx
h x
v
u u =

2 2
2
sec (tan ) 0
2
g
x x h
v
u u
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Let the roots of the above equation be
1
x and
2
x .
We have
2 1
| | x x a =

2 2
1 2 1 2
( ) 4 x x x x a + =

2
2
2 2
2 2
tan
4
sec sec
2 2
g h
a
g g
v v
u
u u
(
=
(
| | | |
(
| |
\ . \ .


4 2 2 2 2
2
2
4 sin cos 8 cos v v h
a
g g
u u u
=

4 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 (1 cos ) cos 8 cos v v hg a g u u u =

2 4 4 4 2 2 2 2
(4cos ) 4 cos 8 cos v v v hg a g u u u =

4 4 2 2 2 2 2
4 cos 4 (2 ) cos 0 v v gh v a g u u + + =

7. Since the prism is light, the reactions from the particles should be equal, say R .
Let b be the acceleration of the particles relative to the prism.
Consider motion perpendicular to the prism.
For A:
cos 60 sin 60 R mg ma =


i.e.
3
2 2
mg ma
R = .....(1)
For B :
2 cos 60 2 sin 60 mg R ma =


i.e.
2 3
2
ma
mg R = .....(2)

3 3
(1) (2) :
2 2
mg
ma + =

3
9 3 3
g g
a = =
The direction of acceleration of the prism is
3
9
g
to the left.

8. (a) The string will break when tension of the string 2mg = and speed of the particle 0 > .
Extension of the string
2
3
2
3
mg
mg
= =
| |
|
\ .

.
Hence,
2 2
1 1 3
(3 3 ) (3 ) 0
2 2 3
mg
mu mg
(
+ + >
(

2
18 u g >
3 2 u g >
(b) From time 0 = to
1
t :

2
1 1
1
3 (2 3 )
2
g t gt =

2
1 1
4 2 6 0 gt g t + =

1
4 2 32 24 2
2
g g g
t
g g

= =


Velocity of the particle at
1
t

2
2 2g g
g
=

2g =
From time
1
t > :
mx T mg =

2
3
mg
mx x mg

2
3
g
x x g

Try
p
x K = ,where K is a constant

2
0
3
p
g
x g

3
2
p
x

=



3
cos sin
2
x A t B t e e = +

, where
2
3
g
e =

and take 0 t = for time

1
t = .
When 0 t = , 0 x =

3
2
A =


When 0 t = , 2 x g =

2
3
2
3
g
B
g
= =

2
3 3
cos 3 sin 2 3 sin cos 3 sin
2 2 2 2 2
t t t
x t t
e e e
e e = + =


sin 2 3 cos 3sin
2 2 2
t t t e e e | |
=
|
\ .

Solve 0 x = and 0 t = , we get 2 3 cos 3sin
2 2
t t e e
=

2
tan
2 3
t e
=
1
2 2
tan
3
t
e

=
3
Total time when P returns to O for the first time

1 1
1
2 2 2 2 2
2 tan 2 tan
3 2 3
3
t
g g e

= + = +

1
2 2
2 3 tan
3 g

| |
= +
|
\ .

9. (a)
1 1 1
1 1
sin sin
u u
v v
u u

= = .....(*)
and
2 2
1 1
R v u =

1 1
2 2
1 1
d d
T
R
v u
= =

(b) (i) Let T be the time of flight,

2
1
0 sin
2
v T gT o =

2 sin v
T
g
o
=
By (a),
2 2
2 sin
( cos )
v d
g
v u
o
o
=

2 2 2
2 2 2 2
4 sin
cos
v d
g v u
o
o
=

2 2
2
2 2 2 2
4
(1 cos )
cos
v d
g v u
o
o
=

2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2
4 ( cos cos cos ) v v u v u g d o o o + + =

4 2 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 2
4 cos 4 4 cos 4 cos v v u v v u g d o o o + + =

4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 cos 4 ( ) cos 4 0 v v u v u v g d o o + + + =
For real value of coso ,
0 A >

4 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2
16 ( ) 4 4 (4 ) v u v v u v g d + > +

4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 4 u v u v u v g d + + > +

2 2 2 2 2
( ) v u g d >

2 2
v u gd > (by (*), v u > )

2
v u gd > +
(ii) Put the given values to above equation, we have

4 2
2025cos 2061cos 436 0 o o + =

2
cos 0.7178368710740711 or 0.29994090670370654 o =
For smaller value of o , we have 32 o =

(corrected to nearest integer)
solve
20
sin
150
u
v
u = = , we 8 u =

(corrected to nearest integer)

u
10. (a) Let AM x = and AN y = .
We have
(1 3) 1 3
m
x
m
= =
+ +


and
3 3
(1 3) 1 3
m
y
m
= =
+ +



2 2
2
AG x y = +

2 2
3
4 2 3 4 2 3
= +
+ +

2 2 2
4 4(4 2 3)
(4 2 3)
16 12 4 2 3
| |
= = =
|
+
\ .

But
2
( 3 1) 3 1 2 3 4 2 3 = + =
( 3 1) AG =
(b)
2 2 2
4 4 4
( 3 ) (1 3)
3 3 3
I m m m = + = +
(c) (i) By conservation of energy

2 2
1 4
3 sin (1 cos ) (1 3)
2 3
mg mg m u u u = +



2
2
(1 3) 3 sin cos
3
g g g u u u + = +

.....(*)
Differentiate w.r.t. t ,

2
(1 3) 2 ( 3 cos sin )
3
g g uu u u u + =



4
(1 3) ( 3 cos sin )
3
g u u u + =

2 cos
6
g
t
u
| |
= +
|
\ .


2 cos 3( 3 1)
6
4(1 3) ( 3 1)
g
t
u
u
| |
+
|
\ .
=
+

3 ( 3 1) cos
6
4
g
t
u
| |
+
|
\ .
=

(ii) Let AG s = , clearly
1
tan 60
y
CAG
x

Z = =

.
When 60 u =

, G is vertically below A.

2
2 3 1
(1 3) 3
3 2 2
g g g g u
| |
+ = + =
|
|
\ .

(by (*))

2
3
2(1 3)
g
u =
+

2
(1 3) (1 3) X mg msu + = +


2
su

su

60

(1 3)mg +

3 3 3 5 3 1
(1 3) ( )
2 2
X mg mg
( | |

= + + =
| (
|
\ .

When 60 u =

, 0 u =

.
(1 3) 0 Y msu = + =

Magnitude of the reaction
5 3 1
2
X mg
| |

= =
|
|
\ .


11. (a)
2
J m r r mr u u = =


There is no tangential force acting on P ,
hence J is a constant.
(b) At 0 t = , J muL = , where L OS = .

2
mr muL u =

2
uL
r
u =

.....(*)
Gain in P.E. of ( ) Q mg r L =
Gain in K.E. of
2
1
2
Q mr =
Loss in K.E. of
2 2 2 2
1 1
( )
2 2
P mu m r r u = +



2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
( ) ( )
2 2 2
mu m r r mg r L mr u + = +

2 2 2 2
2 2 ( ) r u r g r L u =

2 2
2 2
4
2 2
u L
u r gr gL
r
= + (by (*))

2 2
2
2
( 2 ) 2
u L
u gL gr
r
= +

2 2 2
2
2
2 1
2 2
u gL u L
r gr
r
| | | | +
=
| |
\ . \ .


2
2
2
u gL
A
+
= and
2 2 2
2
2 2
u L J
B
m
= =
(c) Take
2
L =

, when r = ,

2
2 2
2
2
2 .
1
2 4
2 2
u g u
r g
+
=

2
3 4
8
u g
=


When Q just reach O, 0 r =

2
3 4 0 u g =
2
3
g
u =


ru

r
r
12. (a) (i) Since the wall is smooth, there is no frictional force at D.
Take moment about Q, under the condition of equilibrium, there should be no frictional
force acting on Y at H .
there is no friction acting on Y .
(ii) Length of 2 cos 45 2 BC a a = =

( 2 1) ( 2 1) T a
a

= =
Consider the whole system,
we have
1
R T = .
Take moment about P ,

1
2 cos 45 2 cos 45 R a W a =


T W =
( 2 1) W = . Hence
2 1
( 2 1)
2 1 2 1 2 1
W W
W
+
= = = +
+
.
(b) (i) For sphere Y , take moment about Q:
'
2
a
W f a = ,
'
2
W
f =
Take moment about P :

1
' 2 2
2
a
W a fa aR
| |
+ + =
|
\ .


1
2 2 1 '
' 2
2 2
W
W R
| |
+
+ =
|
|
\ .


1
2
'
2 1
R
W =
+

For the whole system, equate forces horizontally:
1
R T =
By (a): T W =
2
'
2 1
W
W =
+

(ii) For Y , equate forces in vertical direction:

2
( ) cos 45 ' f R W + =

2
2 ' f R W + =

2
'
2 '
2
W
R W + =

( )
2
1 '
' 2 2 2 1
2 2
W
R W
| |
= =
|
\ .

For limiting friction,
( )
2
'
1
2
'
2 2 1
2 2 1
2
W
f
W
R
= = =