Core And Shell Temperature :

Introduction:
Now a days special garments are integral part for any risky work or risky environment.Atpresent,people using special garments tonprotectthemselves.The materials used to make special garments depend on the environment where the garments will be used.So , we can say that it is made depending on the core and shell temperature of that environment. Now we discuss about the core and shell temperature.

What is Body Core Temperature:

Temperature of the inner organs like the liver, Kidney ,and heart is called the bodys core temperature.The core temperature is measured internally (e.g. in the rectum or esophagus) and it usually remains within a narrow range , between 36.5 and 37.5 degree celcius. This is the temperature at which majority of the chemical reactions in the body work most efficiently. During exercise , heat is generated and the muscle temperature may rise to 39 or even 40 Degree celcius.. Skeletal muscle functions best at 38.5 Degree Celcius.

What is Shell Temperature:

The temperature of the skin tissue immediately under skin line called shell temperature.

Difference Between core and shell Temperature:

01

Core Temp. The temperature of interior body Remain almost constant,it varies within +_ 1 0 F.

02

Shell Temp. The temperature of the skin tissue immediately under skin line Rise/fall with the temperature of surrounding.

03

Generally more than shell

Generally less than core

Thermal Balance:
It is the state of condition when the rate of heat production is exactly equal to the rate of heat loss. Thermal balance is mentioned by1.Thermogenesis and 2.Thermolysis.

Thermo genesis:
The process of heat production by the body is called thermo genesis.

Thermolysis:
The process of heat loss from the body is called thermolysis.

Mechanism of heat Gain (Thermogenesis):

It can be produced in two ways, Step-1 : Heat production within body: Metabolism: Oxidation of food material produce large amount of heat in the body. Physical activity: The skeletal muscle produces about half of the body heat during exercise,walking,running and other form of physical activity. Metabolic: Activity of lever , heart produces heat. Some other Criteria: Action of some hormones , thyroxin, epinephrine , and enzyme also produce heat.

Peristaltic activity of intestine during discussion also produce heat.

Step-2: Heat Gain From Environment

:::::::Direct from sun and heated substances. :::::::Consumption of hot food and drinks.

Mechanism of Heat Loss From Human Body :

Name Radiation Conduction Convection Evaporation Mechanism 60% of total body heat loss by radiation. 18% of heat loss by when surrounding air temp. is very low. BY cold air contact with skin About 22% heat loss by in this way through lunge and skin by sensible perspiration and swelling. Moisture release from human body:::: 2ml/hr at rest of condition :::: 6 ml/hr at moderate activity :::: 12ml/hr at heavy activity

Heat loss through faces and flutes. Heat loss through Urine.

Regulation Of Body Temperature:

1.Core temperature remains relatively constant, while shell temperature fluctuates substantially (20C-40C) 2. Normal body temperature is 36.2 C(98.2F); optimal enzyme activity occurs at this temp. 3.Temperature spikes above this range denature proteins and depress neurons

4.When the core temp. rises, the heat loss center is activated to cause: ---Vasodilation of cutaneous blood vessels --- Enhanced sweating --- Dehydration and low blood pressure 5. Can progress to heat stroke if the body is not cooled and rehydrated.

Voluntary measures commonly taken to reduce body heat include:

:::::: Reducing activity and seeking a cooler environment. :::::: Wearing light-colored and loose-fitting clothing.