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Wtrudo
v
@kiiraks kt
ec.
Ertagck 2: DQWWG ilr Oadbs Gludty Adhkx Dl.0 6518:-6>56
W[^VKMK GL[VX LI XJK WXEXK LI DKR QLVO ILV XJK GL[DXQ LI OADBW
Adhkx
Dl 0
6 18:
56 56
Gjrastlpjkr-Kerc
0
trudo
ad kssk ;17 Yedhkrfact Evkduk 6:5 Frllocyd Dkw Qlro 5 567:
^ktataldkr, Jeokkm @kiiraks
,
Bregk Mkdb, Ikcax Lrtaz, Facc HkFcesal, Rectkr Gllpkr, Okatj
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Rrabjt, Gjrastadk G. Uuadd, Raccaem Xjlmpsld, Wgltt Wtradbkr, Kmacy Basok, Eddk Merak Edzecldk, Ergjak Wpabdkr, Bklrbk Brksjem, Vufkd Haez, @r.? Okd @kdoads? Meral Gackdtl? Bkrech H. @kddadbs? Fyrld Frlwd
?
Vlfkrt Huiiy? @lskpj Mlrkcck? Wgltt Ehems
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Wtkpjedak Madkr? Wtkvk Fkccldk? Crkdk Wtkad? Wjkace Glmer? edh Oarstkd Baccafredh
Vkspldhkdts.
Jld Hevah
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^KXAXALDKV W GLMFADKH VKW^LDWK
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L^^LWAXALD XL XJK DQW KCKGXLVEC GLCCKBK KCKGXLVW MLXALDW XL HAWMAWW RAXJ ^VK@[HAGK WEDGXALDW WXEXK LI DKR QLVO
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ss. GL[DXQ LI OADBW
Egglrhadbcy, 5, Gjrastlpjkr-Kerc0 Wtrudo ad kssk, fkadb hucy swlrd, hkplsk edh sey udhkr pkdecty li pkr`ury0 5. Xjas as ^ktataldkr s glmfadkh rkspldsk ad lpplsatald tl tjk 6>56 Dkw Qlro Wtetk Kckgtlrec Glcckbk Kckgtlrs, Meral Gackdtl rkprkskdtkh fy Wtkvkd G. Ieroes Ksq. jevadb iackh e mltald tl hasmass tjk pktatald (MXH) watj prk`uhagk edh sedgtalds watj Mkmlredhum li Cew (MLC) iackh Hkgkmfkr 65,6>56 edh suppckmkdt iackh @eduery 6,6>57 ecsl watj MLC, egglmpedakh fy tjk `ladt MXH li DQW Esskmfcymkd Kckgtlrs Okatj C.X. Rrabjt edh Ikcax Lrtaz rkprkskdtkh fy @lsjue ^kppkr DQW Essastedt Ettlrdky Bkdkrec (EEB) watj MLC ecsl iackh Hkgkmfkr 65,6>56, li wjagj as seikcy clehkh tl
jttp0//www sgrafh glm/hlg/556
2 222c
edh 6. Fegobrludh ^ktataldkr as e pravetk vkrsus e pufcag [W Gatazkd rkbastkrkh tl vltk et jk Dlvkmfkr
9,
6>56 Bkdkrec Kckgtald et wjagj ecc, kxgkpt ilr Oarstkd Baccafredh, li tjk Vkspldhkdts erk ^rksahkdtaec ^ktataldkr s glmfadkh rkspldsk tl DQW Kckgtlrs MXH ^ebk 5 li 5>
 
 
Wtrudo v @kiiraks kt ec
. Ertagck 2: DQWWG ilr Oadbs Gludty Adhkx Dl.0 6518:-6>56 ^ktataldkr‑s glmfadkh rkspldsk tl DQW Kckgtlrs‑ MXH ^ebk 6 li 5>
Kckgtlrs ("Kckgtlrs"), jevadb fkkd kckgtkh tl gest vltks ilr ^rksahkdt edh Yagk ^rksahkdt ad egglrhedgk watj Kckgtald Cew §56-5>>, edh 7.
 
^ktataldkr gldtkdhs tjet egglrhadb tl trehatald tjet rkmeads truk, at wes edh as e gatazkd's huty tl "
reask tjk juk edh gry
" fy rkplrtadb gramks, kspkgaeccy ikcldaks, tl cew kdilrgkmkdt eutjlrataks (
 Fredzfurb v. Jeyks
, 8>: [.W. 99;, 16 W. Gt. 6989, 77 C. Kh. 6h 969 _5126], qultadb
RACCAEM FCEGOWXLDK
)? edh tjet dlflhy, kvkd Ertjur M. Wgjego @.W.G.
tjk cldk redbkr 
, mey adtkrikrk watj e  pufcag gatazkd‑s huty, cafkrty lr ^ravetk [W Gatazkd‑s Irkkhlm bueredtkkh watj tjk 58
tj
 Emkdhmkdt tl tjk [W Gldstatutald, prlvasalds li tjk [W Gldstatutald edh Wtetk Gldstatutald watj rkcetkh cew . 8.
 
Ld lr eflut Dlvkmfkr 1, 6>56, ^ktataldkr iackh gramadec glmpceadts watj ilurtkkd hastragt ettlrdkys' liiagks gjerbadb tjk Kckgtlrs watj eahadb edh efkttadb e gramk, watj glpaks skdt tl tjk 61 kckgtlrs kckgt adgcuhadb tjk Blvkrdlr, Wpkeokr li tjk Esskmfcy , Gldtrlcckr, Ettlrdky Bkdkrec, edh watj tjk gldtkdtald tjet wkrk edy tl vltk ilr tjk rk-kckgtald li tjk hkiegtl usurpkr WLKFEVOEJ (eoe Ferry Wlktlrl, EOE Ferego Jusskad Lfeme AA eoe Ferego Lfeme) prksahkdt li tjk [datkh Wtetks (^LX[W) kegj wluch fk buacty li eahadb edh efkttadb e ikcldy, skhatald edh trkesld? edh ;.
 
tjkd ld Dlvkmfkr 58, 6>56 ^ktataldkr iackh e ^ktatald watj Adhkx 6518:/56 tl lftead e.
 
e traec li tjk iegts li tjk ilrbkry hldk fy tjk es ykt demkh pkrpktretlrs ld lr eflut 6; Eprac 6>55 tjet eppkers hldk ilr tjk kxprkss purplsk li rk-usurpadb tjk liiagk li ^LX[W ad supplrt li jabj gramks adgcuhadb trkesld ad rkberhs tl Fkdbjeza? edh  f.
 
tjet ecc kxgkpt twl li tjk Kckgtlrs kckgt erk ecsl pufcag liiagaecs watj hutaks es Kckgtlrs tjet erk adglmpetafck watj tjkar hutaks es pufcag liiagaecs? g.
 
iurtjkr tjet udhkr E6W5G6 tjk DQW Ckbasceturk jes kxgcusavk plwkr tl grketk tjk Dkw Qlro Kckgtlrec Glcckbk, watj tjk prlvasl tjet at sjecc dlt ettkmpt lr adstrugt lr ecclw edy pkrsld skrvadb ld tjk Kckgtlrec Glcckbk rkprkskdtetavk irlm Dkw Qlro Wtetk tl ettkmpt tl gjedbk tjk kcabafacaty edh lr quecaiagetalds li e ikhkrec liiagkr adgcuhadb ^LX[W? edh
 
 
Wtrudo v @kiiraks kt ec
. Ertagck 2: DQWWG ilr Oadbs Gludty Adhkx Dl.0 6518:-6>56 ^ktataldkr‑s glmfadkh rkspldsk tl DQW Kckgtlrs‑ MXH ^ebk 7 li 5>
h.
 
tjet ^ktataldkr ecsl skkos tl vlah tjk [.W. Wkdetk kckgtald li Oarstkd Baccafredh, wjl wes dlt ed Kckgtlr. 9.
 
Xjet dltwatjstedhadb tjk iegt tjet tjk hkiegtl ^rksahkdt Ferego Lfeme jes ecrkehy ehmattkh tjet jas ietjkr as e Fratasj Wuf`kgt merrakh tl jas tjkd madlr ebkh [.W. Gatazkd mltjkr ld jas lwd 6>>: gempeabd wkfsatk as dlt e deturec-flrd gatazkd fut e
detavk-flrd gatazkd
es ai hkiadkh udhkr tjk 58
tj
 Emkdhmkdt [datkh Wtetks, ld Dlvkmfkr 51, 6>56 ^ktataldkr sufmattkh ed eppcagetald ilr ed LWG adtkr ecae ilr rkstreadt edh hkgceretlry `uhbmkdt es tl adglmpetafacaty li gcessks li 61 kckgtlrs tjet wes hkgcadkh tl fk sabdkh fy @ustagk Wgjmaht ld Dlvkmfkr 51, 6>56? edh 2.
 
tjkrkeitkr ^ktataldkr rkqukstkh tjk Glurt rkgldsahkretald ats krrlrs ad ats hkgasald dlt tl sabd watj e glpy hkcavkrkh tl Ertjur M. Wgjego @.W.G., edh wjkrkad ^ktataldkr gldtkdhs0 9. Xjet edy pkrsld kckgtkh et tjk Dlvkmfkr 9, 6>56 bkdkrec kckgtald, adgcuhadb Vkspldhkdts, erk dlw gkrtaiakh es kckgtkh fy tjk DQW FLK, edh fkgeusk ^ktataldkr wes udefck tl gjecckdbk tjk kckgtald ad tjk prk-gkrtaiagetald iarst stebk tjet tjkd wluch adgcuhk tjk DQW FLK edh dlt gldilrm watj tjk wasjks li @uhbk Wgjego? fut dlw huradb tjk plst gkrtaiagetald pjesk ad wjagj edy gldbrkssmed kckgt huradb tjk cemk hugo skssald li gldbrkss fkilrk tjlsk gkrtaiakh wluch eppker tl fk swlrd adtl liiagk ld lr eitkr @eduery 7,. 6>57 dlt ldcy hlks dlt rkquark tjk eppkeredgk li tjk DQW FLK, fut es watj edy gjecckdbk li iarst amprkssald rkberhadb e Gldstatutaldec assuk ldcy rkquarks ^ktataldkr prlvahk prlpkr dltaiagetald li tjk Liiagk li tjk DQW Ettlrdky Bkdkrec wjagj ^ktataldkr hah fy dltaiyadb Case Hkcc, Ksq. fy kmeac ld Irahey Dlvkmfkr 59, 6>56 (skk Kxjafat 5;).? edh 2. Xjet wjkd @lsjue ^kppkr , Ksq. DQW Essastedt Ettlrdky Bkdkrec irlm tjk catabetald furkeu, udhkr tjk supkrvasald li Case Hkcc li Jas Liiagk, eppkerkh vlcudteracy es ed adtkrvkdkr et tjk  prkcamadery adteok jkeradb li tjas eppcagetald fkilrk tjk Glurt et Glurtrllm ;85? edh tjkrket, Mr. ^kppkr hasgclskh tjet jk rkprkskdts tjk Kxkgutavk adgcuhadb tjk Blvkrdlr, Glmptrlcckr, Ettlrdky Bkdkrec edh Mr. Wacvkr tjk Wpkeokr li tjk Esskmfcy? :. Xjkrkilrk jlw wluch ^ktataldkr fk jkch caefck, edh udhkr wjet ckbec tjklry ilr edltjkr‑s vlcudtery egtald eppcaks, wjktjkr tjet fk ilr ed adtkrvkdkr es pktataldkr lr rkspldhkdt<
:.
 
Xjet dkatjkr gjemfkr jes rkpcakh tl ^ktataldkr‑s gjecckdbk tl krrlrs ad tjk lrhkr edh lr fer tl iurtjkr egtald? edh es sugj ld Hkgkmfkr 2, 6>56, ^ktataldkr iackh jas
 Dltk li Assuk watj Gkrtaiagetk li  Vkehadkss ilr traec
 hucy skrvkh upld geptald pertaks adgcuhadb @lsjue ^kppkr, EEB (skk
Kxjafat E
). 1.
 
At as dlw e iegt tjet tjk hkiegtl ^rksahkdt Lfeme jes uskh e ilrbkh adstrumkdt es ai jas fartj gkrtaiagetk tl rk-usurp tjk liiagk li ^LX[W edh wkrk tjk DQW Kckgtlrec Glcckbk mkmfkrs ldgk

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