Tematica pentru examen - urologie.

pentru studenii anului IV, medicin general

Localizarea i caracteristica durerilor n maladiile renale. Colica renal. Clieu radiologic
panoramic al rinichilor.
2. Pielografia retrograd. Indicaii i contraindicaii. Tehnica efecturii. Complicaii.
3. Pielonefrita cronic: etiopatogenie, tabloul clinic, evoluia, tratament i prognostic.
4. Traumatizmul organelor genitale masculine.
5. Disuria: cauze, patogeneza, importana clinic.
6. Cistografia. Uretrografia. Caracteristica metodei. Indicaii, contraindicaii. Variante?
Complicaii.
7. Flegmonul perirenal: simptomatologia, diagnostic, tratament.
8. Traumatizmul renal. Etiopatologia, clinica i diagnostica. Metodele de tratament.
9. Hematuria: etiologie, diagnostic difereniat.
10. Renografia izotopic, renoscintigrafia dinamic.
11.
Cistita acut i cronic: etiopatogenia, tabloul clinic, diagnostic i tratament.
12. Scrotul acut. Clinica, diagnostica i diagnosticul diferenciat.
13. Piuria i bacteriuria, cauzele, metodele de depistare.
14.
Ultrasonografia n urologie.
15. Tuberculoza urogenital: tabloul clinic, diagnostic pozitiv i difereniat, tratament,
prognostic.
16. Hidronefroza: etiologia, patogeneza, clasificaia.
17. Schimbrile cantitative ale diurezei: poliuria, oliguria, anuria.
18. Malformaii congenitale ale rinichiului: de form, de sediu i numr.
19. Orhoepidimita. Clasificarea. Cauze, clinica, diagnostic i tratament.
20. Hidronefroza: simptomatologie, diagnostic, tratament, prognostic.
21. Valorile constantelor biologice n urologie.
22. Malformaii congenitale ale rinichiului: anomalii de structur (rinichi polichistic, chist
solitar, multichistoza).
23. Litiaza urinar: etiologie, fiziopatologie, mecanisme de producere a calculilor.
Radiografia de ansamblu al rinichilor.
24. Nefroptoza: etiopatogenie, tabloul clinic, complicaii, dianostic i tratament.
25. Retenia acut i cronic de urin: cauze, clinica, diagnostic i tratament.
26. Anomaliile vezicii urinare i uretrei: extrofia, duplicitatea, epispadia, hipospadia.
27. Litiaza urinar: calculi renali, simptomatologie, diagnostic. TC spiralat.
28. Hipertensiunea renovascular: etiologie, patogenie, tabloul clinic, diagnostic i tratament,
criteriile de selectare a pacienteului la angiografie.
29. Examenul obiectiv al bolnavului urologic (palpaia, percusia). Manevra Giordano i
interpretarea ei. Manevra Pasternakii.
30. Criptorhidia, ectopia testicular.
31. Litiaza urinar: diagnostic radiologic i ecografic. Complicaii mecanice i infecioase.
Rolul UIV n diagnostic.
32.
Insuficiena renal acut: clasificarea, patogenia, simptomatologia i evoluia clinic .
33. Tuseu rectal: examinarea prostatei i veziculelor seminale. Diagnosticul diferenciat.
Puncia prostatei
34. Balanopostita. Balanita. Etiologia i tactica de tratament.
35. Litiaza urinar: tratament de fond, tratament de urgen. Litrotitia extracorporal,
nefrolitomia percutanat.
36. Insuficiena renal acut: diagnostic, tratamentul, profilaxia.
37. Caterizarea vezicii urinare: indicaii, tehnica, riscuri.
38. Infeciile specifice i nespecifice a cilor urinare inferioare. Prostatita acut clinic,
diagnostica i tactica de tratament.
1.

39. Tumorile renale: etiopatogenia, clasificarea, anatomia patologic, simptomatologia,

diagnostic i tratament. Rolul RMN n diagnostic.
40.
Insuficiena renal cronic: etiologia, patogenia, caracteristica clinic general.
41. Metodele instrumentale de diagnostic i tratament folosite n urologie.
42. Urolitiaz. Colic renal. Clinica, diagnostica i diagnosticul diferenciat.
Tactica de profilaxiei metafilaxie.
43. Tumorile vezicale: clasificarea, anatomia patologic, diagnostic i tratament.
44. Metode de epurare extracorporeal a IRA i IRC: hemodializa acut i cronic, dializa
peritonial.
45.
Investigarea urodinamic a cilor urinare inferioare: urofloumetria,
cistomanometria, electromiografia, rezistena uretral.
46. Traumatismele renale: diagnostic i tratament conservativ i chirurgical.
47.
Adenomul de prostat: fiziopatologia, tabloul clinic, diagnostic i tratament
contemporan.
48. Transplantarea renal: indicaii, tehnica, tratamentul postoperator, complicaii.
49. Tomografia computerizat: valoarea diagnostic n urologie.
50.
Rupturile vezicii urinare: etiopatogenia, simptomatologia, diagnostic i tratament.
51. Cancerul de prostat: fiziopatologie, tabloul clinic, diagnostic i tratament.
52. Retenia acut de urin: indicaii, tehnica, riscuri. Cauze, clinica, diagnostic i tratament.
53. Cistoscopia: tehnica, indicaii i contraindicaii.
54. Pielonefrita acut i cronic: clasificare; etiopatogenie, diagnostic i tratament.
55. Tumori testiculare i peniene. Diagnostic i tratament.
56. Elecrorezecia transuretral: indicaii, principii tehnice, complicaii (sindrom TUR).
57. Urografia intravenoas. Indicaii, tehnica, riscuri.
58. Pielonefrita acut: forme, tabloul clinic, diagnostic, tratament.
59. Nefroptoza. Clinica, diagnostica i diagnosticul diferenciat.
60. Adenomul i cancerul de prostat. Diagnostic i diagnosticul diferenciat.
61.
Anuria obstructiv. Cauza, diagnostica i tactica de tratament.
62. Urolitiaz. Calculi ureterali. Litiaza vezicii urinare. Clinica. Diagnostic.
63.
Adenomul de prostat. Clinica, diagnostica i tactica de tratament. Metodele
de
tratament
minim-invaziv.
64.
Metodele contemporane de tratament utilizate n urologie.

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1. Location and characteristics of pain in renal diseases. Renal colic. Plain film of

urinary tract.
2. Retrograde pielography. Indications and contraindications. Procedure. Complications.
3. Chronic pyelonephritis. Pathogenesis, clinical picture, evolution, treatment and

prognosis.
4. Male genital trauma.
5. Dizuria: causes, pathogenesis, clinical importance.
6. Cystography. Urethrography. Procedure.

Indications and contraindications.Types.

Complications.
7. Perirenal flegmon. Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment.
8. Renal trauma. Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment.
9. Hematuria: causes, differential diagnosis.
10. Isotope renography, dynamic renal scintigraphy.
11. Acute and chronic cystitis: etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment.
12. The acute scrotum. Clinic, diagnosis, differential diagnosis.

13. Pyuria and bacteriuria, causes, methods of detection.

14. Ultrasonography in urology.
15. Urogenital tuberculosis: clinical picture diferencial and pozitive diagnosis,treatment and

prognosis.
16. Hydronephrosis: etiopathology,classifications.

17. Quantitative changes of diuresis: polyuria,oliguria,anuria.

18. Congenital malformations of the kidneys: anomalies of form,number and localization.
19. Orhiepididimitis. Classification. Causes ,symptoms ,diagnosis and treatment.
20. Hydronephrosis: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis.
21. The valores of biologic constants in urology.
22. Congenital kidney malformations: abnormal kidney structure (polycystic kidney, solitary
cyst, multicystic kidney).
23. Urinary stones: causes, pathophysiology, the mecanism of urinary stones production.
Radiography of the kidney.
24. Nephroptosis: ethiopathogenesis, clinical symptoms, complications , diagnosis and

treatment.
25. Acute and chronic urinary retention: causes, clinical diagnosis and treatment.
26. Anomalies of the bladder and urethra: extrofia, duplicity, epispadia, hipospadia.

27. Urolithiasis: kidney stones, symptoms, diagnosis. Spiral CT.

28. Renovascular hypertension: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and

treatment, criteria for selecting patients to angiography.
29. The objective examination of urological patient (probes, percusia). Giordano's maneuver

and its interpretation. Maneuver Pasternakii.

30. Cryptorchidism, testicular ectopia.

31. Urinary lithiasis: diagnostic radiology and ultrasound. Mechanical and infectious
complications. UIV role in diagnosis.
32. Acute renal failure: classification, pathogenesis, symptomatology and clinical evolution.
33. Rectal examination: examination of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Differential

diagnosis. Prostate puncture.

34. Balanoposthitis. Balanitis. Etiology and treatment tactics.
35. Urinary lithiasis:
nephrolithotomy.

fund

treatment,

emergency

treatment.

ESWL.Percutaneos

36. Acute renal failure: diagnosis, treatment, prevention.

37. Catheterization of the urinary bladder: indications, technique and risks.

38. Specific and non-specific infections of inferior urinary tract. Acute prostatitis: diagnosis,
symptoms, treatment.
39. Renal tumours. Aetiology, classification, pathology, sings and symptoms, diagnosis,
treatment. The role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in diagnosis.
40. Chronic Renal Failure: aetiology, pathogenesis, sings and symptoms.
41. Instrunmental methods used in urological diagnosis and treatment.
42. Urolitiasis. Renal colic. Sings and symptoms, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis.
Prophylactic and metaphylactic options.
43. Bladder cancer : classification, pathologic anatomy, diagnosis and treatment.
44. Extracorporeal treatment methods treatment of ARF and ESRD: acute and chronic
hemodialysis.
45. Investigation of lower urinary tract urodynamic: urofloumetria, cistomanometria,
electromyography, urethral resistance.
46. Kidney injuries : pathophysiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and contemporary
treatment.
47. Benign prostatic: pathophysiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and contemporary
treatment.
48. Renal transplantation: indications, technique, postoperative treatment, complications.
49. CT: diagnostic value in urology.
50. Bladder Ruptures: etopatogenia, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

51. Prostate cancer: pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.

52. Acute urinary retention: indications, technique and risks. Causes, clinical diagnosis and
treatment.
53. Cystoscopy: technique, indications and contraindications.
54. Acute and chronic pyelonephritis. Classification, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and

treatment.
55. Tumors of the testis and penis. Diagnosis and treatment.

Transurethral resection: indications, technical guidelines, complications (TUR

syndrome).
56.

57. Intravenous urography. Indications, technique of execution and risks.

58. Acute pyelonephritis: forms, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.
59. Nephroptosis. Clinical picture, diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
60. Adenoma and prostate cancer. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
61. Obstructive anuria. Causes, diagnosis and treatment tactics.
62. Urolithiasis. Ureteral stones. Bladder stones. Clinical picture. Diagnosis.
63. BPH. The clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment tactics. Minimally invasive methods

of treatment.
64. Modern methods of treatment in urology.