Universitatea Politehnica Timioara Facultatea de Construcii Departamentul de Construcii Metalice i Mecanica Construciilor

PLCI CURBE SUBIRI

- SEMINAR 6 Pierderea stabilitii PCS e de ea stab t CS cilindrice

Conf.dr.ing Conf dr ing Adrian CIUTINA

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling to axial compression, bending and axial compression g p , g p

General case of uniform axial compression

Equilibrium equations for elastic buckling:

a N x N yz + =0 x N y N x 2 v M xy M x +a + aN x 2 + =0 x x x a 2 2 2 2 M x M yx M y M xy 2w aN x 2 + N y + a + + = 0 (1) 2 2 a x x x x

x, u

z, w

y, v

with solutions:
u = A sin n cos m x l m x v = B cos n sin l m x w = C sin n sin l v=0 n=0 u, w = f ( x ) axial symetrical buckling

2a

(2)

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling to axial compression buckling g p

Two possible approaches:

Overall column buckling if l/r ratio is large Shell buckling which involves the cross section deformation and can be, in general, either: Axisymmetric, when the displacement are constant around A i i h h di l d circumferential section y ( p ) Asymmetric (chessboard shape), when waves are formed in both axial circumferential directions
It can be shown theoretically both modes correspond to the same buckling load
l
r=a

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p
D d 4v dx 4 + Nx d 2w dx 2
2

+ Eh

w a2

=0

(3) (4)

D=

12 1

Eh3

Radial displacement:

w = Asin

m x (5) l

Elastic critical axial stress

cr =
a 3 1 2

( cr =

Eh

m =4 l

N cr ) h Eh (6) 2 a D

For =0 3 =0.3

l 1.72 ah m

In case of axial-symmetrical buckling, the critical stress does not depend of cylinder length! If one of the cylinder ends is free (w 0), cr drops to 38% compared to simple supported case. Cylinder is highly sensitive to tangential displacements at the boundaries If boundaries. v 0, critical stress drops to 50%!

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

fy fp
0

Post-elastic critical buckling

cr =
h EEt a 3 1

E = tg 0 Et = tg

(7)

Et l 1 72 ah 1.72 h m E

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

Post-critical buckling: stable and unstable components

From eq. (3) + (5)
cr
N cr m 2 2 N cr E l2 = = D + 2 hl 2 h a D m 2 2 m 2 = D l
2

(8)
2

Eh h a 2 m

(9)

Stable component

Unstable component

( (inextensional bending (extensional circumferential g deformation x direction) deformation y direction

Ncr

Ncr

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

Post-critical buckling equation:

N 1 2 = 1 + m 8 N cr 3 Eh l 2 m 8 N cr a 2 m
2

(10)

Stable component
N

Unstable component

ls

ls

unstable

Ncrs

Ncru

stable

The effect of circumferential extensional deformations increases the value of critical load, but change the type of instability from stable to unstable!

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

Examples: medium length cylinder (i,j): (i j) i = no. of l f longitudinal h lf l it di l half-length waves; j = no. of circumferential h lf th f i f ti l halflength waves

1,6

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

Examples: long cylinder

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Axial-symmetrical buckling of cylindrical shells in compression y g y p

Examples: short cylinder

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells in axial compression g y p

Principle of ECCS approach Real cylinders are highly sensitive to imperfections

Knock-down factor is introduced to account for imperfections and for plastic effects

d = cr
depends on: Shell geometry g y Loading conditions Initial imperfections Material properties

( ) (11)
Test data and design curve (typical) for cylinders subject to axial compression i l i

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells in axial compression g y p

Principle of ECCS approach For unstiffened cylinders, is similar to the one for column in axial compression
a)

ECCS design formulae for unstiffened cylinders

cr 0.5 f y

(12) (13)

n
fy

1 1 = 2 M1

b) 2

cr 0.5 f y

( ) (14) (15)

n
fy

= 1 0.41231.2

Graphical G hi l presentation of ECCS t ti f knock-down factor

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells under external pressure g y p
Membrane (hoop) stress in practical range a) b)

Von Misses formula for critical pressure, cr p , Eh 1 h2 2 2n 2 1 + n 1+ a) cr = a 2 2 12a 2 3 n 1 3

pa ; h pa y = ; h

y =

x = 0
x = 0.5
(16)
h

(17)
h

n ; 3 = 1 + 1 = l 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 Eh h 2 n 23 1 + 2 2+ b) pcr = 2 2 2 a n 3 12a n min pcr

(18)

Simplified formulae for long cylinders

Types of external pressure loading: a) external uniform pressure;

pcr =

( ) 12a (1 )
Eh n 1
3 2 3 2

(19)

b) hydrostatictype pressure hydrostatic type

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells under external pressure g y p

Principle of ECCS approach

0 1
pu 1 = py 1 + 2
(20)

>1

pu = 2; =05 0.5 py

(21) (22)

py = p cr h Pcr = E min a
for l/a 0.5

(23)

min

0.855 a h = 1 2 l a

1.5

(24)

ECCS design strength for unstiffened cylinder under uniform pressure

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells under external pressure g y p

Wind action is more complex than an simply external pressure It is I i needed to check the cylinder stability separately f d d h k h li d bili l for:
Wind radial pressure Wind axial effects Wind tangent effects Interaction of the three

Approximately, wind critical pressure can be taken as 1.6 times critical external pressure ECCS Design Recommendations (No 125/2008) offers also a (No. solution

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells under compression and external p g y p pressure

x p + x,cr pcr

(25)

Interaction curve

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells in bending g y g

( gg ) (Flgge)

( cr , x )

1.33 cr , x

Nx

Long cylinders (Brazier)

M cr = 0.99 Eh 2 a

(1 )
2

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells in torsion g y (Swerin and Flgge) long cylinders

cr =
(Donnel) end-fixed

3 2 1 2

h 34a

32

short and medium long cylindrical shells

E
32 l h 2 4.6 + 7.8 + 1.67 1 2ah l 2 1 2

cr =

(1 )
2

end simple supported 12 3 2 2 2 E h 2.6 + 1.4 1 2 l cr = 2.8 + 2 l 2ah 1

CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS:

Buckling of cylindrical shells under interactive buckling g y g

Bending + torsion
+ cr cr
=1
2

Bending + external pressure

x M p + = 1 or x,cr M cr pcr p + 0.9 pcr
2

=1

Compression + torsion
x,cr
+ cr =1
2

Axial compression + external pressure + torsion

x,cr
p + + pcr cr
=1
2

External pressure + 2 torsion p

pcr

+ =1 cr

Axial compression + bending p g + torsion

x x + M N x,cr x,cr
+ cr =1
2