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w,afmahqiaf.a mq;%hd f' fiq ;=uka
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t;=udKka idlaIs orhs' Tyq Y=oaOjq
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,shk ,o iqfYaIh fyafn% NdIdfjka
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th .S%l NdIdjg o mjr;kh lr we;'
wfmdaia;,sl fiajdj
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= jr 2017 la la
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iqfLdamfNda.s meje;aula ms<sn| lsis
wfmalaIdjla fkd;s' ;h ;ukg
fkd.e,fma k fmr<d Ndr;hg hEf
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t;=uka fyj;a fldkays ro.=re
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f ld,h jk g fu rg lf;da,sl iS fvma ue;skaf.a o Trf;dahka Ika
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j ;auka iudch ;=< wmg uqK ck;dj mdmfha nefuka uqojd Tjqkg
.efik l" fokdj fukau O i;k ;h Wreu lruhs' ta fjkqfjka
jQ m%Yak wrnhd fyn;a jk ck;dj ;u ; ld,hu lem l< Wkajykafia
ms<s.ekSug o" Tjqkg wdorh lsugo t;=ukaf.a urK fudfydf;a l=rei .fia
fYaIfhka Tjqkaf.ka wmg isjk jer isg ;u wdor mshdKkaf.ka b,a,d isfha
j,g iudj ugo" wm yoj;a wj h wm jer j,g iudj fok f,ihs'
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mldr ia;s%h iy iflajqia mdmfha we,S
.e,S is p;hla jQ w;r iajdka jykafia .re bkad r;akis
m%kdka msh;=ud
Tjqkaf.a mldrlu .ek fkdis;d w;s
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wdorh lsfuka iudj uqukskau wu;l
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,shd ;snQ jeis m%ldYk ikd: jQ nj
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f ld,h ;=< iajdka jykafiaf.a orejka o jeys jkafka
lam%dma;sh inkaOj wjOdkh fhduq Wkq;a ta mkafka
lsf uy isl=rd k lam%dma;sh orefjduhs f,dj fj;g fokafka
fufkys lsf inkaO jk YS% jdlH
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^tkg& foaj jkaokd;aul fkdjqjo" ne,Sug ke; ld,hka
ieyej;=kaf.a ; yd imj ne ta ksid Wka f.diska ou;s uvug
mj;sk nj fkdryils' tu ksid f foio bkak iemfhka
iqfjka fyda fuys wjOdkh fhduq
lrka fuu p;dl fufkys lsu f ldf. jroo@
iudma; lsug woyia lr' wfyda udf.a mdfmo@
mshdKks" fudjqka lrk foa fkdk lshd w;a fol ne|
lrk ksid fudjqkg iud jqj uekj' ^la .y.ksuq wms ueog yoj;
23(34&
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wdrNh (( 1866
1866 cQ
cQkks s 07
07
1866 - 2016

x {dkdr:
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weia fmfkk whg fkdfmfkk Tjqkaf.a wkaOlu
p;dl iufha y;rjk brek
w o Y=' iqfYaIfhka wmg yuqjkafka
ls%ia;=ka jykafia Wm;skau wkaO
ukqIHhl=g weia fmkSu ka miq Tyqg
;u uqyqK n,d .ekSug lKakd lE,a,la
f.k;a fokq fjkqjg f.orj;a hkakg
fkd Tyqg u f.a jo fok misjre
msilf.a wldrel ls%hd l,dmhhs'
;fha m<uq jrg ish iska f,dalh
foi n,k ukqIHhl=g fmfkk woyd
.ekSug ne wiS; pu;aldrh;a wdf,dal
m%Ndj;a ;kshu | .ekSug ne wmuK
i;=gla weia fmfkkakg mgka .;a miq
Tyq ta f w; fkdbjis,af,ka j mksk
fhka fmfka'
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fifkfynr i;a l .ekSug f.or
jk .ufka wkaOhl= f,i .sh mdfr
weia fmfkk flfkl= f,i hoa we;s
we;s w;a jHdl+,;djh uOHfha Tyqf.a
miafika mkak mkakd we;a tlu m%Yakh
h<s h<s;a wik misjre ;reKhdg
fmkajkafka Tjqkaf.a l=ylluhs' Tnj
iqj l< ksid lhs wmg lshkak hehs
lshka Tjqyq fkdlshd lshkafka Tnf.a
weia mEu .ek wms reoaOhs' Tnf.a i;=g
.ek wms wi;=gqhs lshk tlhs' ls%ia;=ka
jykafia iuQyhd w;ka uska ug we;a
Tyqg uqK .efika fmkajkafka weia
fmfkk whf.a wkaOlu;a wixflu;a
ksid Wkajykafiao fldhs ;r lanr
;hla f.jkafka o lshdh'
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a;= jr la la
I 2017 jQ udr ;= ui
jQ udr ;= 2626jeks
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lsu
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ienE wkaOlu je ;snq' yqre fj,d' udj ;rla fkf yeu
lshkafka weia fmfkk ksiqkag flfklaju tfyu l,d l,d tmd
weia fmkSu jqK;a wks;a whf.a uqyqKq fj,d' .dKla ke;af;a talhs' Thdg;a
ke;slug fmKqk;a ;udf.a uqyqKlg Tfydu hkfldg tfyu fjhs' n,df.
fkf' ys;a ;ukag fmfkkafka kE mqf;a khs' jka jr fik w;ka u;= fjka
ms;a ke;slug' lshd ;reKhdf.a foudmsfhda ;reKhdj w;akdk iajdka jykafia
fupr l,a fl;r Tyqg lshd ;snqK;a lshkafka thhs'
Thdf.a weia Tyqg th ms<s.ekSug wudre ls%ia;=ka jykafia Tyqg lshkafka
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ksid Thdg Tlafldu foaj,a fmfkkjd muKla fkdj weia fmfkk ksiqka
ksiaiqkaf.a k fudlo ;udj fmfkkafk uqyqKq t,a,f.k mdfr hk tk fhkq;a
l=yllu ke;af;a lshk u;fha Tyq fmfka' olsk olsk yeu fohskau u;
fmkqfKa kE' isfhah' fmfkk foaj,a jk Tyqg uqK.eiqkq lsisu flfkl=g
biairyg flfia fj;;a weiqKq foaj,a tjeks u;hla ke;s neka fmd ldf,a
;j;a Thdg mjd ms<sfkd.kakd .;shla isg n,kakg mqre jQ foaj,a l yd Tfya
f;afrhs' Wkajykafia fufia lshkakg Tyqg;a ;snqKq ksid ;ukag ;u uqyqK n,df.k iskjdg wu;rj w;ska isjk
fuka ;ek ;ekska u;= fik w;ka n,d.kakg ne hg ksidg weia fol lsisu fohla oel .kakg weia fmfkk
fkdfmkS .sfhah' f ;reKhdf.a ;fha ;enQ fohka jykafia .ek ;reKhdg whg;a ne nj Tyq f;are .;af;ah'
weia fmfkkakg mgka .;a m<uq ojiu uq,skau mqu ys;=fKah' miqj yskd;a .sfhah' Wmka isg weia fmfkk wh we;a;gu
f.jqfKa m%d;sydrhh is l<dg reoaO jQ ;u iska uq,skau gq flkd jQ ls%ia;=ka weia fkdfmfkk wh neka Wm;skau
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neglks' tk Tyq n,d .kakg is uqK.eiqkq ksfIfha Wkajykafiaf.a fia .ekSu .ek Tyqgo i;=gq is;=fKah' Wmka
lsis fohla n,d.ekSug Tjqka ksid ne ;snQ fidre pu;aldrckl < nj fjk isg weia fmfkk wh fuka f jk
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,xld wfmdaia;=jrhdKkaf.a YS% ij - 03 foaj wdorh

miq.sh i;sfhka
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keue;s m%foaYsh md,lfhda h' Tjqyq Wvrg m%foaYj,ska
wdrlaIdj msKsi meKs mshjrekag yd ls;=kqjkag
wkq.%yh olajd ;u md,k m%foaYj, ksoyfia Ou;
fiajfha fhug wjir kafkda h' tf;la ,laj
Trf;dahdkq m%Odk uOHia:dkh jQ mq;a;,u fjkqjg
l%s'j' 1746 isg mrmdkalkao,a h' fu;eka isg jir 60
l ld,hla ,laj m%Odk; u Trf;dahdk uOHia:dkh
jQfha h'
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ksldhsl mQcdm%idkajreka Ndrfha fuu Y=' ij
/f.k wd njg Yajdi lrk w;r l%s'j' 1786 isg fuh
fldgfyak Yd' ishd wdik foufka ia:dms;j mej;s
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bkahdkq m%foaYj, wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;sj jevyqka w;s
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p;drsl Ndjkd
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;=< je<,S ;snQ cqfia jdia uqks ne;sh h<s;a kxjd w;r
l%s'j' 1896 t;=ud Apostle of Ceylon" fyj;a zz,xld
wfmdaia;=jrhdfKda kka cqfiajdia msh p;h bx.%Sis
nig mj;kh fldg uqKh lrk ,' t;=ukaf.a
jd;djlg wkqj fufia i|yka lrhs' zzcqfiaa jdia
msh;=udf.a wdf,aLH ;%hla md,l iNdjg wh;a fld<T
msys wdik foue`r mQcl wdY%ufhys we;' tfy;a th
wmeyeos,s ;%hls' b;d merKs jq fuys fndfyda fldgia
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id:l iudklula we;aoehs iel iys; jkqfha fuh
t;=udf.a urKska miq ld,skj" foaj iNdj fj; iduh
Wodfuka miqj ksudKh lrk ,oaols' fuys t;=ud
we`o isk lndh tl, ,laj iq Trf;dahdk ksldhsl
mshjreka weug mqrej is ;o ks,a meye;s tlls' ;jo
t;=uka myrKh l<dhehs ie,flk ijla wo;a a
fld<T msys wdik foue`re mY%fha mj;S'
fuu Y=' Od;=j m%:ufhka wkqkdhl fm<m;ska
mej;" miqj ro.=re fm<m;ska o miqj w.ro.=re
fld<T w.ro.=re ysmdKka i;=j mj;sk w.ro.=re
jiug we;s Y=' cqfia jdia uqks;=ukaf.a fojk fYa%fha
m%n,;u Y=' Od;=j f' wjia:d foll w;s W;= weka;ks
mshdKks ug Tfn wdorh fkkjd
W;=r W;=rd .,k wdorh kjd
fn fokakg f,djg wdorh ;sfnkjd
oyfhka lf,ka o wdorh fnokjd
wyi bry| Tf wdorh ,nkjd
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i;d iSmdjdo wmg iqj fojkjd
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la k wh fidhd uf. is; jkjd
mS;j ;efjkakka ikikak ysf;kjd
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mshdKks Tfnka ,o wdorh fnokjd
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weia w; .d" uv
l=f ^ks'u'ks'& ysmdKka iy foaj fiajl w;s W;=
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.S;dj,sh 30(1"3-5" 10-12
fcdydka 4(43-54

;jrd" isf,dj fmdl=fKka fida
wkaO njla re lrkak wehs iks fumuK '''
fjk fuka tla jokla u Wkdo if| Tng'
fk;g fmak foag jvd kso olskd ila
,nd .kak yels fjkjd ta Tn olskd ila
lshdfokak ukqiail W;=rd hk ksia yola
;=< muKhs ;hla ksr;=re mK .efyk yola
is;a ;a kS;s ;s iSud mjqfrka fokak
iudj jerlreg wka wh yg .re lrkak
fokdj ykdf.k je,fmk yoj;a olskak
ila fkdj fk;a oyila l olskak ug;a fokak
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 ck;d y`v 07
wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

{dkdr: 1866 - 2016

m%mh ls%ia;= jrI 2017 la jQ udr;= ui 26 jeks od b

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1866 - 2016
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wfhls' Tjqka jykafiaf.a m%d;sydrhhka ;u n wh lrk uf; ;=ud jqj;a cqia uqo,a ;r cqiaf.a is; fl<ska jkakg we;'
iska orYkh l< wfhls' myrKh yyeu lf<ah' kej; fmare ;=ud wm iajdka
l,sk s a fudyq Tjqka jykafiag l=m.j" mdial= ux.,Hhg k yhlg fmr jykafiaf.a wK lsfuka ;udf.a Trej
ys; ;%j isfhls' .=re iajdka jykafia fn;dksfha kla rd;s% fNdackh msi le hk ;r uiqka f;d.hla wiq lr /;
;sylg i;=rkag mdjd f wkd.; iSfudka kue;af;la ;u ksjig fiqia nj iqfYaIfha lshef' ;%h" f uiqka
wNs,dIfhka Tjqka jykafiaf.a wfmdai; a
= iajdka jykafia le|h' lsiu s wdrdOkhla f;d.h fyd| .dKlg wmg l=Kd .kak
ff<dig tla jQfhla fkdf' ke;sj yisfha tys me uhd kue;a;h s mqjkshs lSug ;r cqiaf.a is; t;r
tfy;a hlaI mCIdjg .; jkafka b;d jkd iqj| f;,a ls.,a lr~qjla jQfhao fkdoksu'q h fyhlska ldkd kqjr
fudfyd;ls' ;ud uejQ fohka jykafiaju /f.k we;a th lvd wm iajdka jdy ux., k tu f.org cqiag hd
;=ka jrla mlaId lsug hlaIhd ksrN hj jykafiaf.a fomd u;af;ys j;a lrka yelsj ;snf q Ka k Tyq iajdka jykafiaf
t;rj bm;a jQfha k Tjqka jykafiaf.a wef.a ysi flia j,ska Tjqka jykafiaf.a lkg fldrd .=re;=udfKks" Tn f iE
f.da,hl= mlaId lsu W!g uyd ldrhhla fomd msi uqjdh' tl, ksjiu ta iqjka fyd| w;a ri f;d.h iEfyk .
fkdf' fuh il, f,dalhdgu fyd| ms .sfhah' Kklg l=Kd uqo,a lrkak ;snK q d
WyrKhls' ksorYkhls' rmlaIdjg wiq cqia o t tu jd fNdackhg wm fkdfhs t;=udKkaf.ka m%Yk a lrkak
fkdjk msi wjj isg hd iajdka jykafia iu isfhah' tu ;r t;r jkakg ;sn q '
lrkakehs wm iajdka jykafia ia:r S f,i ia;h%s f.a fuu lsh % dj gq cqia ohd lreKd n%yiam;sk a rd;sf
% ha wjika ux.,
lSm gla j< fiala f ksidh' kqU,df.a Tmhlska fmkS isg fuu wk.s iqj| f;, fNdackfhka we;s ye imamdh jQ
i;=rd jk hlaIhd f.drjk isxyhl= fuka fufia wmf;a hdug bv yeu .ek jHdc wfmdai;a = jre yqka yqka ;eku je je
.s, .ekaug yels wh fidhka ta f w; ;ryjla Wmojd .kska fuu ff;,h kso;s' lsi
% ;a k = a jykafia fcrei,ys T,Sj
yeisfrkafkah' Y=' fmare ;=ud ;u fokd ;=ka ishhlg l=Kd <skag lkafoys mqre ;ek hd lrkakg jQ
ikafoaYfhka lsi % ;
a hs dksjrekag ,shd kqkafka ulaki s dhs lSfh' iqfYaIl fial' ;j iaj,am f,djlska is jkakg
kajf Q ha;a f ksidh' cqjd ;=ud lshk m t cqia fufia hk uy m; .ek is;ka f,a vyh f,
;jo wka;u s rd;s% fNdackh wjia:df lSf fyf;u mam;=ka .ek ie,l+ .,d hk ;=re hd l< fial' mshdKk
f udf.a Yrhhs th wkqNj lrkak" f flfkl= ksid fkdj Tyq fidfrla ksid;a f ;s;; a la md;%h yels k uf.ka bj;
udf.a rerhhs th mdkh lrkakehs wm miqh yd tys ouk uqo,a Tyq w; ;snK q l< uekj' tfy;a udf.a leue;a; fkdj
iajdka jykafia jH i;ami % do m%ido ksid;a h' cqia l< f ks.y % hg wm Tnf.a leue;a; bgqfjd hs lS fial'
ksOdkh ia:dms; lr ;uka jykafiaf.a YS% iajdka jykafia Tyqg wkqlmd fjka wfmdai; a = jreka iu fNdackh
Yrh yd YS% rerh mQm iy ri f,i wef.a ldrhh bgq lsug wehg bv j<|ka is wjia:df Tjqka jykafia
wfmdai; a = jrekag f cqia o fuh ykak hs j< fial' Tjqkg fufia lS fial' ud iu fuu
wkqNj lr mdkh lrkak we;' ud iu. t mQm je lsf m%d;sydrhfha wm wdikfha jd tlg wdydr .kakdjQ
;,sfha w;,kakdhs wm iajdka jykafia lS iajdka jykafia mka oyila fik mQm kqU,df.kau flfkla ud mdjd fokafkah
fha Tyq .ekh' tfia k Tyq m<uq jrg mylska yd ud fokafkl=f.ka leug tlsfkld u; h' ta uu o iajdks ta
jH i;ami % doh ,nka tu m%ido ksOdkhg fmr f.da,fhda fufia lSy' iajdks" f uu hs weiQy' ud iu ;,sfha tlg w;
 wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

09
Nh ( 1866 cQks 07

{dkdr: {dkdr: 1866 - 2016

mhm%mh
jQ udr;= 26 jeks od b ls%ia;= jrI 2017 la jQ udr;= ui 26 jeks od b
{dkdr: m%mh

fhd;a
i
oud we;s ;eke;a;dh cqia Tjqka jykafia
iu tlg ;,sfha w; oud f.k isfha h'
ikaf.a l=reish lrg .;a
isfksfha iSfudka wms%ldkqfjla o@
u ;jo ukqIH mq;h % dKka mdjd fok ta

lg
;eke;a;dg Ydm fjd' ta ;eke;a;d
Wmkakdg jvd kQmkafka k Tyqgu th
jvd;a fyd|hhs Tjqka jykafia lshk g
.=re iajdks uu hs lsiu s mels,u
ke;sj weiSh' iajdka jykafia ms<;
foka th kqUu lSfjysh' kqU lsug
woyia lrk foh blaukska bgq lrkakehs
lS fial'
cqiaf.a yoj;g hlaIhd wdrEV h'
fyf;u kdhl mQclhska fj; f.dia
iajdka jykafiaj ;sylg mdjdf
fldka;d% ;a;j = w;aika lf<ah' Tyq ;sy o
wrf.k fyajdhka miqmfika f.dia
fiq;u = ka hd lrka is ;ekg <x
jQfha ud ism .kakd ;eke;a;d Tyqh'
kqU,d Tyq ;ka w,a,d .ks,,
fyajdhskg a lSh' cqia fiq;u
.=re;=udfKks" Tng iqn fjdhs lshka
f.<jgd ;a hjka t;=ukaf.a uqyK
.;s' ;%h" cqia" kqU iska ukqIH mq;h
mdjd fokafkys o@ iajdka jykafia
cqiag l;d l< wjika jdrh th h'
fyajdfhda Tjqka jykafia ;ka ne|
wlrKfha wjkvqj fj; f.k .sfha Tjqka
jykafia uy ksure fidrl= fuka
l=reifha urKhg ;Ska flK'
cq kdhlhska iu ;sfya
fldka;d% ;a;f = jka miq l=m. jQ cqia
fiq;u = dg isjk oi joh;a l=reifha weK
.eiSug f.d,a f.d;d l uqkg
wukqIHhl= f,i weof.k hdu;a gqfh'
cqiag weia werefKah' ;u Iag oreKq
wmrdOfha ne?relu meyefka oekah'
iska l lvd ye,sk' ish,a, tmd h'
;udg ;udjo ms<l s ,
= a h' ;syl
.kqfokqj l< wh fj;u Tyq j .sfha h'
kdhl mQclhska bfha Tyq tu ;sy
uy;a jefrka ug .id ouka b;d uy;a
yka y~ k.d ksfia jQ f,a mdjdfuka
uu m lf<hs fudr .eiSh' ;sy
ia,xs hk wkqlrKfhka kdhl
mQclhskf a .a fomd < fmr<S is h'
;DIaKdf" ;Kaydf lEorfha ish,a,
wjidkh' ;sy whs;l s rejkag o th tmd
h' ta , f,a ,la ksid f,a ula
jd , .ekaug th fhoK' yfi,a oud
;= hkqfjka wr:j;a jQ ta lene,a, cq
cd;ska fkdjk wuq;; a ka ysoka lrkq
p ;dl iufha ls;k = q ck;djf.a ckmsh
yd ne;snr Nla;s wNHdihla jk
l=reisfha mdo kuialdrfha ish ia:dk
Y=oO
a nhsn,fha i|yka is mdol lr
S la
.;af;a fkdf' fjfrdakl s d k ne;su;a
s r= e
l; vd nr fokdld i j; msi
u jeks is Y=oO a nhsn,h i|yka
fkdlrhs' tfy;a mdo kuialdrfha miajk
ia:dkh yd ne l=reish f.k hdug
iSfudka isrfkaji q a fiq iajdorejkag
Wo fjhs hk isu iqfYaIljreka is
fokdf.ka ;sfofkl=u ia;r lr ;sf'
Tjqka kslu a hoa iSfudka
k isfrkf s ha ukqIHhl= iN
Wkajykafiaf.a l=reish Wiq,df.k hdug
Tyqg n, l<y' ^uf; 27-32&
a dhs
wf,laikavr f.a o rEmia f.a o mshd
= ka <g lsgq
jQ msika wd isfrkf s ha iSfudka k
u.shl=g Wkajykafiaf.a l=reish Wiq,d
q ism
f.k hkag Tjqyq n, l<y' ^udla 15(21&
% d
Tjqyq Wkajykafia f.k hk l,
msika me isfrkf s ha iSfudka k
ukqIHhl= w,a,d f.k fiqia jykafia miq
miafia l=reish ord f.k hkq msi th Tyq
msg ;enQy' ^la 23(26&
lsij s l=f.a ms<is rKlska f;drj
ksk a wmydi ,nka li myr ,nka
wdhdifhka ne ne .dfka f.d,af.d;dj
ksk ikag iyh jkakg iSfudka
fhd.;a ft;sydisl mqj; tf,i uf;"
udla yd la iqfYaI weiqka i,ld n,k
g jeo.;a lreKq lSmhla meye,s f'
iSfudka msika me ukqIHhl=
fyj;a u.shl= nj iqfYaIljreka meye,sj
olajd ;sf' f wkqj fcrei,f
l=reish f.k hdug yjq,a lr .kq ,enqjo
iSfudka tjlg fcrei, jdishl= fkdjQ
nj fmfka' tjlg .Sl % ckmohla jQ
isfrkh s j;auka ,shd foaYhg wh;a W;=re
wmsl% df fjr<nv isfrkhsld k jQ
ia;l %s l
a fha w.k.rh f,i meje;s' fuys
ck.ykfhka je fokd cq f.da;l
jQfha ls'% mQ' 323 - 285 muK fgd, fidagr
md,lhdf.a md,k iufha cqfojkag
tys mx jk f,i n, lr ;snQ neks'
wd.l j;dj;a meje;au yd pd;% jd;%
bgq lrkq i|yd ,shdkqjka fcrei,ug
meu fmd is;la njg m;aj ;snQ w;r
% Tjqkf a .a .Dyfhys /ljrKh ie,iqkq njo
isfrks cqfojka i|yd jQ hd .Dyhla
fyj;a iskf.da.hla fcrei,f ;sks'
t uy islr = d fcrei,fuys frdau
fid,ajkaf.a fk;a isfrkf s ha iSfudka
fj; fhduq jQfha Tyq ,shdf isg tlS
iskf.da.h fj; meK is wjia:djl h
yelsh' iqfYaIljreka ;sfokdf.a u igyka
wkqj meye,s jk fojk lreK jkafka
l=reish f.k hdu msi th iSfudkaf.a
lr u; n,fhka ;enQ njh' tfy;a
we;e jdr;d i|yka lrkafka ikaf.a
fokdld wdhdilr l=rei .uk gq
iSfudka buy;a fokdjg yd lmdjg
m;aj iafjPdfjka bm;a jQ njh' m%lg
iskud lD;shla jQ meIka Ta o l%hi
i|yka lrkafka o cqohl= jQ Tyqg l=reish
f.k hdug frdau fid,ajka n, l<
njh' th iqfYaIh yd ieif|a'
iqfYaIl udla ;=udf.a i|yk wkqj
iSfudkag wef,laiekavr yd rEmia kka
mq;k
= a fofokl= isg we;' Y=oOa jq mdjq
;=ud frdau jrekg ,shQ yiqfka iajdka
jykafiaf.a YsIg a ;u ls;k
= j
q l= jQ rEmiag
o ug;a ujl jeks jQ Tyqf.a ujg o
%s hka
udf.a wdpdrh mskukak ^frdau 16-13&
i|yka f' fuys mdjq ;=ud rEmiaf.a
uj ;ukag o ujla jeks hehs i|yka
lrkafka ukao@ iSfudka h .sh miqj
Tyqf.a |" wef,laiekavr yd rEmia
iu frdauhg me njg o mdjq;=udg
iSfudkaf.a | mdjq ;=ud ;u orejl=
fuka /ln,d .;a njo we;e jdr;dj,
i|yka h'
mqrdjD;a; wkqj wef,laiekavr yd rEmia
uq,a hq.fha Oru; fiajd lghq;j = , fhkq
Oru;jre fofofkls' wka;f s hdalfha
Ydka; iNdj ms<n s |j lreKq olajk mdjq
;=ud ks.r isfhdka kue;s isfrkh s l=
.ek i|yka lrhs' tys ks.r hkq lmdg
hk wre;h' W;=re wmsl % dkqjl= jQ iSfudka
ld,jrK jQ nj is;h s yelsh' mdjq ;=udf.a
wkqn,h ,en i;Hd.u m;< lsf
fhk wef,laiekavr yd rEmia fofokd
iamd[a[fha i;=rka w;ska >d;khg ,la
jQ njo ta wkqj Tjqka oyu fjkqfjka m%dK
m;Hd. jqjka njo we;euqkf a .a u;hhs'
Y=oOa jq foaYfha lSfka hdjf;a ls'% j'
1941 l< le j, B' t,a' iqflksla
keu;s oHd{hd yg fidfydka .enla
fidhd .; yelsh' tys ls'% j' 70 g muK
wh;a u<jqkf a .a weg lgq ;ekam;a l<
nkla yuq jQ w;r tys .Sl % NdIdfjka
iSfudka f.a mq;% jQ wef,laiekavr hehs
wl=re fldgd ;sks' tfy;a f l=reish
f.k hdug Wo l< iSfudkaf.a mq;h % d
.ek o hkak ia:r S j ikd: ke;'
wo o Y=oO a jq foaYh jkaokd lrk
Tng mdo kuialdr u fyj;a hd
fvd,frdaid ys miajk ia:dkfha fuu
i;H isu fufkys fldg hd l<
yelsh' t;ek l=vd m%ekaii s l
a dk fouerls'
s
a
f.d,af.d;djg ke.au wdrN jkafka fuu
ia:dkfha isgh' ikg l=reish f.k
hdug wka whl=f.a irKla wjYH jQfha
fuu ksidh'
ish leue;af;ka jqjo n,fhka jqjo
iSfudka lr we;af;a wka whf.a nr ieye,a
lsuls' ta ksid ikg uy;a wiajeis,, a la
,e' wka wh m;g m;ajk nj l l
;j;a Tjqka m;g u muqKj q kakka nyq,
fujka iuhl iSfudka isrfkaji q ,a d ish
oyia .Kkska wjYHj ;sf' wkqkf a .a l
fokdjg ixf jk iSfudka flfkl=
jkakehs fiq ika Tng o ug o wehq
lrhs'
le,siagia chudkak

ishU,dKavqf ;ksjQ lf;da,slhka

msi Nd; K'
cqia tafkd hdj; Tiafia my;
n,d .uka lrhs' Tyqg isys jQfha tlu
fohls' ;udf.ka ;udj bj;a lr .ekSu'
cqia yisfhau kej;s' ;u bK jgd

/l.ka k g hefuka tla j ka k

;a ojgd ;snQ n| mh ;ka ,syd f.k < ;snQ
uy;a .ila hgg .sfhah' n| mfha tla
k fldkla ta .fia w;a;lg oud ;ka iu;a
.eghla fhh' wfkla fldkg f;dKavj q la
fhd th ;udf.a fn,a,g oud .;s'

f.a
f;dKavf q wefok .egh i fuka .egh
y ye fn,a,g ;o h'
f,d j we;s
m%Odk wd.
wdvnr h yelsh' f
wd. iEu tllau l,ska
ixialD;sh yd ck
iudch iu ne mj;S'
fmr mgka tk jrI
1942 hk ld,
ugj, isk
ks,Odka iu iy wd.
;jo fyf;u ^cqia& .il t,a,"S Worh i;frkau fmdfydks l, wm foaYhg fjk;a kuq;a we;e jljdkqf isgu l kdhlhska iu.
y ueka me,S Tyqf.a ishu nvje,a jk Oru mhla f,i YS% foaYhkaf.ka meKqk;a uQ,Orujdka wka;jd lf;da,sl ck;dj idlPd lr ;snqK;a
msg;g we wdfhahhs Y=oO a jq fmare;=ud ,xld wm uu .ek wo jk g wm foaYSh fldgia ksid wd.l ishU,dKavqj m%foaYfha wirK jQ ls;=kq
wfmdai; a = jrekaf.a lsh % d fmdf;a 1(18 ys iyjkhg ;rckhla wo olajd j;a fjka ck;djg bka lsis
i|yka lrhs' we;' jr;udk rch is' tu ls;=kq idOdrKhla f jk
fufia t tlu uy islr = d br wre u.ska wkq.ukh lrkq ne;su;=ka ishU,dKavqj f;la bgq ke;'
f.k hk g isfhdka ys fome;af;a ,nk ixyshd m%foaYhg ixl%uKh fYaIfhka wirK
b;sydihla ys l< .ia folls' tlla m%;sm;a;sh w.h lrk we;af;a l=reKE.," jQjka fidhd .sh Y=oaOjq
n,dfmdfrd;a;f = zl,ajdfha .ihZ' w;r fudkrd., luyk" j;a;," cqfia jdia uqkskg lem
wfkl n,dfmdfrd;a;= W,a,x>kfha ia;s%lalfha y,dj;" cd-we," lk" l< f jrIfha
tfkdys .ih' tf,dj yd fuf,dj ishU,dKavqj m%dfoaYSh uykqjr" .d,a," ishU,dKavqj ls;=kq
,i folu tla l< flfkla tla .il t,a,S f,al fldGdYh ;=< fndr,eiai m%foaY jeks ix>h yd tla Tjqkg
ks we;' fof,djgu mgyeks flfkla wfkla we;s ;sfnk wd.l ls;=kq wd.l mjq,a t,a, we;s ndOl
;a .fia t,a,S we;' whs;sjdisl W,a,x>kh mirhla ;=<sks' wNsfhda. yuqf
cqiag wka;u s fudfydf;a iudj u iy lf;da,sl miq.sh jir 5 l hefuka me;=fuka
,enqo@ - wms fkdoksu'q cqia ksrfha o@ ieyej;=kg yd tu ld,hla ;=< tu ls;=kq wdOHd;al Yla;shla
- wms fkdoksu'q tfy;a tla fohla fjkia oy mdi,a orejkg ix>fha uQ,sl wd.l jkakg ,la jeis ls;=kq
fkdf' ta lsi % ;
a k = a jykafiaf.a jpkh uqyqK ug is we;s whs;ska rcfha we;e Tn ieug wehq lr
we;af;kau Tyq kQmkafka k Tyqgu fyd| n,j;a widOdrKh ks,Odka iy wka;jd isuq'
fohls' .ek Tnj kqj;a lr wd.l fldgia u.ska
h' isuq' Wrd f.k we;' Woa.; .re rka
' iS' chisxy wm YS% ,xld foaYhg we;s fuu m%Yakh
fmfrrd msh;=ud
; ksoyi ,nd .kakg;a ms<sn|j rcfha O
 10 l,d ix.%yh m%{dkdr
wdrNh
wdrNh (( 1866
1866 cQcQkks s 07
07
1866
1866 -- 2016
2016

x
x :
{dkdr

mh
{dkdr::m%m%mh
mh

ls
ls%i
%ia;
a;= = jr
jrII 2017
2017 la
la jQ
jQ udr
udr;;= = ui
ui 26
26 jeks
jeks od
od b
b

f,dalfha jhia.;u ls%ia;= p;h

f,da
r`.mE kjd YS %
ne;su;=ka
,xldfjka
lfha ls;=kq
o@ fukau wm YS% ,xldj
;=<o wkdu;a ld,hl
imhd we;'
tf,iu wm YS% ,xldj
wjqre 50 g wvq wh
jQy' zTnrwurf.daZ ys
foajud;d foajia:dk N+fha
wNskj mdial= uKavmfha
kdgHhla iS; ld,hla ;=<
jeu jdr .Kkla tlu
fjfik iEu rglu mdfya isg mej; ths' f w;ska ;=< m%isoaOlr,sfha ls%ia;= p;h rolajd .re bkal m%idoa fmfrrd rEmjdyskS kd,sldjlska
p;dl ld,h ;=< ls%ia;= cd;Hka;rj .;al, fiq;=ukaf.a ; l;dj we;s ishu kjkao msh;=ukaf.a wCIKh ldYkh f jdr;djo
;=uka l=reisfha weK wefulka fyd,sjq ;srfha ;%mghla f,i rEm.; wjqre 40 g;a wvq whhs' hgf;a rlajQ zwjika th hs ielhls' f,dalfha
.eiqld wjika yqiau t isg wo olajd m%isoaO lr we;af;a tlu tl tfukau ,xldfo g fydardjZ mdial= kdgHfha m%ios O
a lr,sfha fldf
fy ; mQcdj ke;sk kjka 14 fofkl= muk ;%mghla mu' ta ls%ia;= wjqre 40 lg muK fmr fiq ;=ukaf.a p;hg yd rEmjdyskf s ha lsi
% ;
a =
mdial=j" kdgHdkqidrfhka rx.kfhka hl;ajh p;h k ;%mghhs' fndr,eiafia f,darkaia mKka frfkda, a p;h r mE f,dj
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ug iajdks iajdks lSjdg l<y' tfiau jr;udk YS%
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u" udf.a wd ms<smeh ,dxlsl iNd kdhlhska
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k;r fldg ta i|yd fhd.;a mskai,a mjd iudj h yels ohdf yoj;la
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ksid fidhd .shd' f,kdfvda lf<a lrka ish i;=rkag mjd fm%au
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tu ksid yuq b;du;a neyem;a f,i lrkak lshd wmg W.kajkjd' kqf
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fofokdu tlsfkld je<|f.k iqyo tfy;a uu Tng lsh' Tf i;=rkag
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jqKd' b;du;a i;=ka wdmiq me fm%au lrkak' Tng mSvd lrkakka
ms<sn|j iqN jok fukau Y=oafOda;a;u msh b.eka" f,dj mj;sk wr"
f,kdfvda fiq ikaf.a YS% j; u~, Wfoid hd lrkak ksiqka jk
kQ;k iNd b.eka lshd iNd b.eka fjd ,xldoamfha wr my
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fohs' hqla;sh" idOdrKh" ms<sn|j wkdjrKh lrk lsug wmg tl .sksl+rla
tu ;%h imQrKfhkau mska;drefldg fkdfjhs' tfukau i;=rkag fukau wmg
i;Hh" iduhg .re lsu" w;r fYaIfhkau 23 jk ,ah yels k ta foa
f,dfjys fY%aIaG;u l,d lD;sh njg m;a jer lrk ;=rkag mjd iudj ug wms
iudj u fjd ild,sl cqjd mdjq mdma;=udf.a lsug wms fm< .efiuq'
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wd.ulg fmdh' wkqYdikd m;%h ls;=kq woyia mfil ,d foaYfha
18(21-35& flfkl= ;=< we;s jerj,g jer ish yelshs' kuq;a tu jerj,g
wd.u" Ihg" YsIag" ;h jkaokd .ukla wdOHd;al;ajh
iudj h hq;af;a y;ajdrhla fkdj iudj ug wmg yelsk th foaj
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y;ajdr ye;a;Ejla njhs fiqia jykafia .;shla njg m;afjkjd' jer lsu
uh' wd.u hkq wmj f,dalh iduld ;ekla .ksuq' weig weih' o;g
mjikafka' thska woyia lrkafka ukqIH .;shls' iudj u foaj .;shls
foka yd ukqIHhd w;r lr .ekSug wjYH o;h hk mrK lshux
wiS; jdr .Kkla wms iudj fokakg hk lshuk wms isysm;a lr.ksuq' fuu
tlalrk udr.h ls%hdjg fndfyda Wmfoia imhd bj;,d Tng fuka Tnf.a
iQkka ish hq;= njhs' flfkla p;dl iufha fiqia jykafiaf.a
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wmg reoaOj l< m j,g wms iudj ;h wdorYhg .kska iudj f
woyk foa ls%hdjg fhduqu m;a jQ ishu kdhlhska lrkak hk Y=oaOjq joka
fkdfokafka k fohka jykafiag W;= .=K Oruh .ek fufkys fldg
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ukqIH;ajh f.dvke.Sug ck;djg ;u jeisldrh ;=< ienE is;a yeulg
fiqia jykafia l=reisfha jo fokd fldgila fufkys lruq' udf.a wd;auh
rel=,la fjkjdg jvd bgq lr we;' fhduqfjuq'
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<uqka frdfndajreka yoj;a jr;udkfha Y=' iNd
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Tjqka jykafiaf.a ish Wmldr wu;l
lrk l%ufohla njg lghq;= lrk w;s W;= .re f' me%la fkdlrkak' Tjqka jykafia udf.a ish
reoaOj l=uka;%Kh fldg Wkajykafiaj m lud lrk fial' ^.S;d' 103(2-3&
m;a we;' iqyo;djh" m%ekaisia iq;= mshd ;u
tluq;=lu fjkqjg b.eka ;=< l;d lrkq
fmfrrd msh;=ud urd ug ie,iq l< kdhl mQclhka"

ud Tng Ndr ka ;eke;a;d uyd mdmhla is lr we;

id ;kaf.a W.=,g wiqj" ;uka
jykafiaf.ka wE;a jQ ksid
kdY fkdlrk ,o mshdKka jykafia
ksia .%yKhg wiq fkdjk ish wm;
fma%uh jpkfhka muKla fkdj"
ls%hdfjka o oHudk jk rer.;
.siqulska ;u tal cks; mq;%hdKka
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Wfoidh' ta i|yd jQ foaj ie,eiaf foaY
ld, mrdih jQfha mdmh hkq l=ulahs
foweia bfha fmkajd h yels ;uka
jykafia f;dard.;a foaYh mdmsIaG;ajfha
yssfm;a;g ke.=K hq.hls'
hym;a f,i ms<s.kq ,nk ;eke;a;d
jkfha lgq frdai mrla nh' Wiia hhs
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Yajdi fkdlrkak' ;%hd flfrys
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lKg ,x jyisnia fodvk ke;e;a;sh
iu. l;d lrk g mfriai jkak'
mq;d ish mshdg wjxl ke;' hh ish
ujg tfrys jkakSh' kekaoud ish
f,a,shg tfrysj ke.S iskakSh' fufia
ksidg i;=rka jkafka ish ksjfiau
idudlhskah' udf.a yeisu flfrys uu
iajdka jykafia foi n,kafk' udf.a
.e,jqlrejdKka mefKk f;la uu
n,d iskafk' Wkajykafia ug ijka
fok fial' ^ld 7(7& ishjia iailg
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kslau hdug klg fmr w;sYh lmdjQ
yoj;lska Wkajykafia ish mshdKkag
hd l< fial' wkd.; ksid iska
lrkq ,nk mdmrdYsh ta fudfydf;a
gq Wkajykafia ta fjkqfjka ;uka
jykafia iska f.h hq;= jQ jka hd.fha
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yDohg kqK lmkh fldf;lao h;a"
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; wjq,a ueo zhqKqhhsZ ykd.kakd miq jr;udk wm iska p;dlh
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Ndrka lhsmdia m%uqL kdhl mQcljre"
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jrola lr we;ehs fpdaokd lrka
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isjk ish,a, ksYaYoj wid is
fiq ika weu;+ ms,d;a Tn l;d
fkdlrkafka ukao@ Tnj ksoyia lsug
fyda l=rei.;j urKhg m;a lrug
n,h ud i;=jk nj Tn fkdokafkahs
m%Yak lf<ah' by,ska jev isk ;ekeka
jykafia iska th Tng ,nd fkdkafka
k" ud flfrys Tng lsis n,hla ke;'
tfyhska Tng ud Ndrka ;eke;a;d uyd
mdmhla is lr we;ehs Wkajykafia ish
wjidk ksYaph Tyqg ,nd ka fial'
.e,jqlrejdKka b.ekajQ foaj jpkh
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iska wfmdaia;=jreka zfoaj n,fhka
jia;% .ekafukaZ miq" O NdId l;d
lrk cd;Ska iuQyhla ueo" BY%dfh,a
ck;dj weu;+ wfmdaia;= fmare ;=uka
ish .=rejrhdKkao" iajdka jykafia
.ek l;d lrka kS;shla fkdue;s
ksiqka w;ska Tn Wkajykafia urd
uqjdyqh' hs ;ukaf.a ck;djg fpdaokd
lf<ah'
fuu isug ishjia iailg
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j< jpkh iy fmare wfmdaia;=;=uka
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,enQ fpdaokdj,g m%ia;=;jQ ukqIH
mq;%hdKka lam%dma;sh ms,sn| jQ mQrK
h:dr:hhs' mdial= khg fmr tla/
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ck;djg fkdfkk fia ryiska fiq
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l=uka;%Kh l<y ^iqfYaIl udla&
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ie,eiau ;=< fiq ika w,a,d.kq
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t,a, lsug Tjqyq wfmdfydi;a jQy'
miq Wik /iajQ ksYaph iNdf
u;= l< fpdaokd tlsfklg mriamr
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mQcljrhd Wkajykafia foig ye
Tn" ienekau fohkaf.a mq;%hs
fohka jykafiaf.a kdufhka ug jqrd
lf<ah' Tnu tfia lshkafkysh' ;jo"
mshdKkaf.a ol=Kq mfiys jev isk foaj
mq;%hd f,daldka;sufha j,dl=,ska nei
iqr;hska iu. meK Tn iska olskq
,nkafkah hs Wkajykafia ka ms<s;=ka
lhsmdia mQcljrhd fldamhg m;ah'
,nk i;shg
uhsl,a jrKl=,iQh
 13
wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

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j;auka ;reK mrmqfrka .s,syS hk

zmi .dhkhZ''''
p ;dl iuh ;=< la .dhkd ms<sfj;a inkaOj fYaI;ajhla .kakd w;r" mi .dhkhg bka uQ,sl;ajhla ,nd
;sf' kQ;kfha mi .dhkh l%u l%ufhka hefoka mj;sk ;;a;ajhla lsh yels fyhska ta ms<sn|j ;reK
mrmqfr wjOdkh fhduq lsu fuys mrudr:h jk w;r mi .dhkh ms<sn|j msmk m%foaYfha yi, kqula we;s
wkak rd< f,i fiajh l< fmda,a m%kdka ^fmd iShd& hk whf.a uqKqnqrl= jk .re ;s,lis m%kdka me';='ks
msh;=uka iu. l< ixjdoh fufia . yefr'

p ;dl iufha mi .dhkh

iq,nj olakg ,efnkjd'
p;dlh yd mi .dhkh
w;r ;sfnk inkaO;djh
flno'''@
wd.doaul oau rgdjla
f,i iliajqk fjiaika;r
cd;lh fyj;a u< fmd;
fndfydu weo,d lshkak mqjka
icdhkhla hg ;snqkd
fn!oaO Orufha' th widf.k
iss f.dkaid,afia msh;=ud
l,amkd l<d tal wfma ^lf;da,sl
oyf& fiqf.a lam%dma;shg;a
.kak mqjkafka lsh,d" w;ay
ne,Sula f,i fndfydu l
okjk" p;dlhg inkaO lr
wd.doaulj" iajr ;=k y;rlska
iuka;j fndfydu la uqiq
rd. njg jpk fhd ,shjqkd'
miqld,Skj tu moje,a mi njg
m;ajqkd' tajd m<d;ska m<d;g
jHdma; jqkd' ta ksid p;dlhg
mi tl;= Wfka fjiaika;r
cd;lh fyj;a u<fmd; ksihs'
bkamiq f.dkaid,afia msh;=ud
lam%dma;s m%ix.h kka fmd;la
ksrudKh l<d' tu fmd;
miqld,Skj mdial= ld,hg
lshug ka w;r th fndfydu
la iys;hs' ;d,h;a weo,d
lshkjd' WyrKhla yg
.;fyd;a z;=ka f,djg wm;s'''''Z
tal wefokjd' wd.doalhs' tal
k ;r ld,hla wrf.k weo,d
lshkak mqjka' tal p;dlhg
.e,fmk l" fokdj okjk
jpk" ix.S;" tajd we;a;gu
fn!oaOu l%uhlg wms y.;af;'
cqfiajdia uqks;=ukaf. ld,fha"
f.dkaid,afia msh;=ukaf.
hl;ajfhka mi .dhkh
wdrN jQ nj mejfikjd'
tfukau tu hq.fha p;dl
iuh ;=< mi .dhkh ls;=kq
ck;dj w;r nyq,j me;sr
f.dia" ta ld,dka;rhla uq,af,a
mej;=k;a jr;udkfha mi
.dhkhg je rel;ajhla
fkdue;s nj wmg olakg
,efnkjd' Tnjykafiag ta
inkaOj mejish yelafla
l=ulao@
ka fya;=j flhs' wfma
fYaIfhkau mi lshk .S;
fYaIh uq,skau m%p,s; Wfka
uqyqnv m%foaY ;=<hs' fl
uqyqlrh wjg me;srekdu
fYaIfhka wms .;af;d;ska
y,dj;" mq;a;,u" l,amsh"
B,g f me;af;ka .shdu
.uqj" msmk" muqKq.u Th
lshk m%foaYj, ;uhs jemqr
;snqfk' jdoaj me;a;g;a .shd'
fudlo cqfiajdia uqks;=ud .sh
.uka udr.h ksid' kuq;a ta
ldf, we;a;gu ;snqfk ld,h
ms<sn| m%Yakhla ;snqfk' ka
wo ckikaksfok udOH
we,a,d ;sfnkjd' wOHdmk
rgdj fjkiafj,d ;sfnkjd'
idlPd lf<a
uOq rKr
wo yqla whf. fj,dj kE
lsh,d m%Yakhla ;sfnkjdfk'
yeufohlgu t;fldg ta fya;=j
ksid yqla whg hd lrkak
fj,dj ke;ak wo mi
lshkak fldfydu;a fj,dj
keyefk' t;fldg tal wNdjhg
hkjd k hkafk Nd;h
wvqlu ksid' fya;=j ;uhs
Nd;h wvqfjkjd lshkafk Th
lshmq ldrkd ksid' fYaIfhkau
wOHdmkh;a iu. <uhskaj
ysrfj,d ;sfhkafk" Wmldrl
tlhs' ka mrK flfklaf.
mx;s j,ghs' wOHdmkfh uy
ka weyefjd;a k mi lshhs'
f,dl= is,nia tlla we;a
w;a flfkl=g" <uhl=g
;shkjd" <uhskag igyka
lsfjd;a lshhs" mi lshk
fokafk ke;s' wo <uhskqhs
jpkfhj;a f;areu okafk
foumsfhdhs f fof.d,af,du
keye" mi lshkafk fudkjo
bf.k .kakjd tlg' YsIH;aj"
lsh,j;a wy,d keye lsh,d'
idudkH fm<" Wiia fm<" Nd.
mi ixrCIKh lr,;a keye"
j,ska ysrfj,d' wuhs ;d;a;hs
tajd f,aLk.; lr,;a keye'
fokaku riaidj,a lrkak .syska
tajd jHjydr" lka lg" uqL
ta;a ld,h u fj,d ;shkjd'
mrmrd.;j wdj tlla' ksid
msgrg wjia:djka jefj,d
l ljqre;a fmd;am;a j, ,sh,d"
;shkjd' t;fldg ta jf.a
ixrCIKh lr,d" m.; lr,d
fjkfldg ld,h fjkalr.
kak neye' rEmjdysksh wrka
fkd;snqk ksid we;af;kau
mrmrdfjka mrmrdjg fokak
;shkjd wfma ishu ld,hka'
yqla whf. lshkafk wfma
yeuld,hlau wrka ;shkjd'
jhil wh ;=rka fj,d .shdg
lEu .kak;a tlg .kak ne
miafi w;a mrmqrg fldfydu;a
ld,hla ;shk ksid wmsg f
.kak neyefk" ta fya;=j ksid
yqla ld,h wvqlu ksid fjd
mi we;a;gu tkak tkaku
wNdjhg hkjd' wNdjhg
wNdjhg hkjd'
hkjd lshkafk fldfydu;a
lshfjkafk keye lshk 15 jk msgqjg''
 14 oe,afjk myka
wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07
1866
1866 -- 2016
2016

x {dkdr:
{dkdr
{dkdr::m%
m%mh
mh

ls%ia;= jrI 2017 la jQ udr;= ui 26 jeks od b

w,afmaP u`.g fhka idCIs rE
.re isi,s a udlia fmfrd ks'u'ks fidhqre
l v,dk .%dufha f,dl=
l=vd ldf.;a fyd| ys;
kd wdorhg md;% jQ .re isis,a
udlia fmfrrd ifydaor;=ud
^ks'u'ks& miq.sh iajr.ia:
h' 1941 wfma%,a 09 Wm; ,enQ
fu;=ud keiS.sh msgr fmda,a
fmfrrd iy fcdiamska vhia
hqj<f.a mqf;ls' lv,dk id'
wkaf;daks yf,ka uQ,sl
wOHdmkh ,nd.;a .re isis,a
udlia fmfrrd ifydaor;=ud
jer wOHdmkh fudrgqj id'
finia;shka yf,ka ,eh' msfhl= jQjd muKla fkdj
mQcdjg Wo fjk w;r;=r
foaj le|u wkqj 1967
l;r wdOqksl foi;ay,g
we;=,ajQfha lv,dk i
lghq;= lr Yd, ;
mjr;khla lsug yjq,a jQ
ifydaor ;=fuls'
fiajl iajr.ia: ksru, uh jer wOHdmkh i|yd
ksldfha .re cq,shka fiQh mlsia:dkh yd bkahdj wd
msh;=udf.a ufmkau u;h' rgj,g .sh fu;=ud kej;
1968 m<uq fo Ndrka jhskg meK wmsh cd;sl ia: h' me ;fha 25 jk
fu;=ud 1975 ild,sl foi;ayf,a fiajh lf<ah'
fmdfrdka ,nd.;af;ah' 1977 ld,hla fldlf id'
jifr u.af.dk idka; wkaf;daks fouefr o fiajh
fika;s <ud ksjdifha l< fu;=ud Y=' wkaf;daks
wOHCI OQrhg m;aj tys uqkskag yd uh ud;djka
fjfik wirK orejkag flfrys wmr; f.!rj
wdorhla we;slrf.k ;sq'
fgl l=m. ;=rl= f,iskao 2007 jifr uglal=,sh
m%mh
o ueik wdh;kfha foaj
fiajfha fh is fu;=ud
miqld,fha fldyqj, ksru,
uh ksldhg wh;a mQcl
yd me fidfydhqrka iu.
ld,h .; lrka isg iajr.
cq,s W;aijh j;auka fld<U
w.ro.=re w;sW;= ue,al
ldk,a rx;a ysmdKkaf.a
w;ska islsf Nd.Hh Wlr
.;a fu;=udg i fudlaiqj
w;afjd
iq;a udrla o is,ajd

me fha iajK chka;sh iurK

.re ud,skS .=reisxy me fidhqh
;= ;s mqo Tng if|a
uq yoj;ska uf.a
mqo Tng ;=;s .S
wfmdaia;,sl ldrfu,a
ksldfha .re ud,skS .=reisxy
me fidfydhqhf.a
mejrfha iajrK chka;sh
wfma%,a 26 jkg fh we;'
fldldj;a; l=vdnq;a.
uqj w,dys Y=oaOjQ f;frid
uqksjhf.a foajia:dkhg wh;a
;u m%ido iakdmk ;h ;=<
fmdaIKh fomshdKkaf.a
nyq, jrm%ido ,nd.;a;dh'
1940 cQ,s 02 jk k Wm;
,nd we;s wehf.a foumshka
jQfha f,darkaia .=reisxy iy
f rEmisxyh' mjqf,a jeu,a
hh jQ wehf.a ifydaor yd
ifydaohka jQfha" t.r" fuhsis"
le,ia" %ekaisialdk ksldfha
rxckS me fidhqh" nrkd"
o,did,a ksldfha ksu,a" ldka;s
iy ciska;dh'
fldldj;af;a nemaia
f,i o mqyqKqj ,nd we;'
lgqneoao fudrgqj ;reK iqN
fiajd ksjfiys ;rehka
foienr 2000 olajd fiajh
lr Y%du .;a;dh' rdj;dj;a;"
w=,dk" fudrf.dv" .my"
mdi," fldf,dkakdf Ydka; iudchg jevhl ;rehka w,j" nekahuq,a," ksgUqj"
fcdaYma oHd,h" fldgfyak f,i mqyqKq lr we;' fudrgqf iaj;a; we,afoksh" hlal,
hym;a tfrdf.a lkHdrduh Ydka; fcdaYma <ore mdif,ao" hk foajia:dkj, oy
iy fougf.dv Ydka; ;s%l=Kdu,fha Ydka; fcdaYma mdi,a j, fiajh l<dh' wo
wkaf;daks nd,sld oHd,j, ;u <ore mdif,ao fiajh lr k lgqneoao" fudrgqj oy
wOHdmkh ,nd.;a;dh' 1964 we;' je,slv ysrNdrfha mdif,a fiajh lrka iy
wfma%,a 24 jk k bkahdf oy fiajh o uyr.u ms<sld foajia:dkfha jH i;am%ido
uex.f,darys wfmdaia;,sl frdayf,a oy fiajh o lr jykafia fn foka ika
ldrf,a ksldhg we;= bka we;' ;s%l=Kdu,h uq;a;=r iy ;=< mS%;su;a ;hla .;
ksldh ;=< mqyqKq 1967 wfma%,a fidaumqr fld,fha oy foid lrkakSh' wehg w; ys; ka
26 jk k m<uqjk foNdr we;' tys jr ck;djg fiajh ishu me fidhqhkag;a"
fmdfrdkaj ,nd.;a;dh' 1972 lr we;s f fidhqh Tjqkaf.a wksl=;a ieufokdg;a" ;=;s mqo"
iema;enr 02 jk k le,h wdOHd;al iy iudchSh ;h ieugu jefhka weh iu.
l=vd f;fridf.a fouefr f.dvkexug lemulska .uka lrka weh Yla;su;a l<
ild,sl fo Ndr fmdfrdkaj lghq;= lr we;' 1980-1989 olajd fomshdKka jykafiag ;=;s
,nd.;a;dh' fudrgqj idka; finia;shka mqouq'
oy .=re Nd.fha 3 jk oHd,fha .=re jD;a;sfha kshe,S
jir imQrK lr iy;sl ,nd miqj 1990 ckjd udifha isg .re ksu,a .=reisxy
we;s w;r bx.S%is .=rejhl .my isl=rei oHd,fha ifydaor;=ud

m%m m;a;rfhka f,aLl hg msis weka;ks ch,;a

l= vd wjfha isgu ;u yelshdjka
f;are .kska foikaf.
ka ,o ;f,ka;= m%.=K lr .kska <ud"
Wjma ysr" Nla;s
m%fndaOkh yd idu
ysr hk irdj,go
f,aLl l,djg
fukau kdgH
l,djgo buy;a
kdgHhkao Tyq iska fld .; lrk
,oaols'
1987 zjk wimqjZ jeka; mdial=
;reK" jeys" ldf.;a fyd| ys; kd ,sms imhd we;' oCI;djhla olajk kdgH" .=jka ,s Ys,amskaf.a rx.k
.;a rd.u wegfldri .%dufha mx tjlg m%mfha weka;ks ch,;a hl;ajfhka gjr ry," rduls%IaK
weka;ks ch,;a uy;d ls;=kq f,aLlhl= ixialdrl jYfhka Y+kaf.ka ys we;s Yd,dj" irfjdaoh' y,dj; iqoiqk" .uqj
fukau oCI kdgH l,dlrefjls' fiajh l< fylagr kdgHhka fndfydah' mqry, hk ry,aj, m%orYkh lr we;'
p jika; l=udr iy ' ud.% fj,a.m," fkdan 1975 h,f.dv k ks<shka 50 lg wl msila fuys r
uhd m%kdka hqj,g j weka;ks ch,;a udj,f.a hk uy;=ka idka; finia;shka md we;s w;r" rx.kfhka hljQfha .=jka
uy;d Wm; ,enqf" 1959 cQ,s ui 21 Tyqf.a f,aLl fha uqkskaf.a ,s kdgH Ys,amskah' ix.S;h fufyhjd
jeksh' kdj frda' l' y,ska uQ,sl b .ukg w; ka fouere N+fha we;af;a fu,afrdahs Orur;akhs' fiqf.a
wOHdmkh ,nd miqj" h,f.dv frda' l' njo" ta iu. Tyqf.a m%:ujrg rx.dkq p;hg mK kafka ch;= ls%ia;= fg,s
uyd y,ska w'fmd'i idudkH fm< olajd .=re mshdKkajQ idrfhka t<s lajQ kdgHfha T,sjr m%kdkahs' ckms%h rx.k
wOHdmkh yrd we;' jhi wjqre 12 fla' ' ta' ;shfar zmqnq ysrZ Nla;s Ys,amsfhl=jq wfia, chfld uq,skau m%isoaO
isgu l" rpkd ksrudKh lrka f,aLk l,dY+ fikr;a .S; ixorYkho" fldjg mefha tu kdgHfhkqhs'
l,djg msis Tyq 1973 zfiq nndZ kka fmda,a uy;do 1976 zihqr ;=<ska 1985 uehs ui 22 k rd.u mx
,shq l fm< m%:ujrg kdr: m%m fndfyda fihska iyh uq;= ,enqfjZ meud ms%hdks weka;ks uy;ah iu.
m;%fha m<jq g Kqk i;=g ksidu" .ska olajd we;' hk kdgH uyck rd.u Y=' fmare mdjq uqksjrekaf.a
.gu f,aLk l,dj fj; is;.; fhduqjQ jir 58 l ixorYkhla f,i foufka jdy hg m;a weka;ks
njo" ish mshdKkajQ p jika; l=udrf.a w;S;hlg ysl h,f.dv uy ch,;a uy;df.a hhka ;sfofkl= yd
.ekau" ufmkau Tyqf.a f,aLl lshk k;a;,a yf,a fld mqf;l=f.ao" uqKqnqre hkaf.ao wdor
hg uy;a rel=,la h' tu jifru irdjla jk zidu ysrZ t Tyqf.a .; lrk ,' th idka; finia;shka fifkyi ,nka miqf' foka ka
Tyq zidu ysrZ jdrIsl k;a;,a irdjg mshdKka jk p jika; l=udr uy;df.a uqkskaf.a ; l;dj iudc kj wdrlska yelshdj foaj uysuh i|yd ysfhka
zl=,a yoj;laZ kka fl ,smshla ,shd ixialdrl;ajfhka ysjq mer;u ,shq l;djls' tys ix.S;h fufyhjk lem lsug fjfyiuo Tyqf.a me;=u h'
th;a m, ;snqKq nj;a" tfukau l" irdjhs' jir .Kkdjla fuu irdj ,oafoa kg fldyqj, ks'u'ks foi;ayf,a f,aLl l=i,;djhkaf.ka msmqka wmf.a
fll;d" ,sms yd ld,Sk ksrudK t fkdlvjd f.k .sho Tyqf.a wNdjfhka ix.S;h yd ;% .=rejrhl= f,i lghq;= ls;=kq l,dlrejdg m%mfhka iqn me;=
mgka Tyq m%mhg hjd we;' miqj tu NdrOQr j.lSu ;uka fj;g ndr lrk" la,erkaia w; uy;dhs' Bg iu. fo wdis m;'
Bg wu;rj fhdjqka ck;d" irih" .ekSug ish' ka Tyq tu irdf wu;rj zho \qKqZ" zior TngZ" z;gq
,xldmh" jhsk" mqj;a m;a j,g fukau ixialdrljrhdh' is|.;aZ" zTkak mdr hkak mqjkaZ kue;s ' wekai, m%kdka
 mqj;a ;a;s 15
wdrNh
wdrNh (( 1866
1866 cQ
cQkks s 07
07

{dkdr: 1866 - 2016

m%mh ls%ilsa;%i= jr I 2017

a;= jr la la
I 2017 jQ udr ;= ui
jQ udr ;= 2626jeks
jeks od
bb
{dkdr: m%mh

i iduh khs iqr;,a mq;=f.a wdor isyslsu iqjr cqfia jdia uqks msh igyka
khka - uehs 09 isg uehs 14 jk olajd k 06 la
msms,d ,iaik u,la ,sh is,ajd Whfka krUk ia:dk - ;,," le,E m,a,h s " hdmkh" is,,
a df,hs"
cQ m%ikak hk kka y,dj; iqr;,a mq;=fka lsuf,a" fv,a a " uvq" fmaidf,a" ukakdru" udkaf;hs"
fkdis;=j ,i wl,g mrfj,d .shdfka fil=," l,d Th" y,dj;" fnda,j;a;''' we;=
fudalaI rdcHfha iqj| yuk u,la o msmqfka ft;sydisl ia:dk 40 la muK
ieu fohgu pKa uf.a nh ke;s wf kjd;eka .ekSu - fldamdhs yd uvq"
u< f.j,a j,g nfha mek jk wf tla whl=f.ka whlsu re' 12"000"
f.or ljqrey uf<d;a uf.a wf je ia;r i|yd 0718019479 wu;kak'
Tn .kakd mshjr fudllao uf.a wf
f f,i uf.ka fkdis;=j ,i ui,d k y;<syhs w;a;slald .ihs 3 msgqfjka
Wu;= wdorhlska udj ism je<| ikij,d
jir 12 la uf.a fijfka ;=re,a fj,d ta yskaou ;uhs mi m<df;ka m<d;g fjkia" .dhkd

iS ' f' ta' fr.nr fmfrrd uy;d bl=;a i. iqj .shd fkao hkak ioyg fiq wud
kSh' w.ro.=re jif .re YSk
msh;=udf.a mshdh' Tyqf.a wd;auhg i iduh m;uq'
% d;a ufkda fmfrrd
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fidh,d
mq;kqfjks
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.uq me;af;" msmk me;af; lshk mi fkf y,dj;
me;af; lshkafka' iuyr g th tl jpk' ;d, folla'
uq f,dalhdf.a m j,g jka f.jQ fiqks tal we;a;gu f.dkaid,afia msh;=udf. je/oaol=;a fkf"
tlsfkld miafia''' 1 msgqfjka jH fofk;a ud foi fy<kq uefka cqfiajdia uqks;=ukaf. je/oaol=;a fkf' tal we,a,d
iekis,a, uf. wirK yoj;g fokq uefka mrmrdfjka mrmrdjg' ta whg weysp ye" weyqk ye'
je,s.msh id' wdkd fouefr mej;s ;=;s msf foaj ta ksid ixrCIKhl=;a ke;s ksid tal ;ud fya;=
fufyfhka wk;=rejh' tys ta uy;d fufia o mejiSh' is,avd m%kdka
wjqre ;sia .Kkla kS;S lafIa;f % ha lghq;= lr 2008 msh;=udf. iShd mi .dhkfha mqfrda.dhl= nj wm wid
jevn,k kS;m s ;s njg m;aj ish;a kS;m s ;s f wjia:dj 70 jk <ud kfha'' 3 msgqfjka ;sfnkjd' mi .dhkh msmk m%foaYfha jHdma; lsug
ug wys jqKd' fuys wffOrhg m;aj lafIa;f % hka fln hl;ajhla ,nd ;sfnkjdo@
bj;aug mjd is;K = ;a yeu g fohka jykafiaj Yajdi <uhska ish fokd tkak ish,a, iQk'
T we;a;gu mi ,shmq flfkla uf. iShf. u,a,s
lrka Wkajykafiaf.a leue;a; wkqj lghq;= isjk ne ta fudfyd; wkqj mv hjkafka flfiao@ m%Yk a hls'
lshkafk' wms fmd iShd lsh,d lshkafk' thd mi ,shmq
ms<.s ;a;d kej; fufia is; = ' w.ro.=re ysmdKkag l:d lr ;Srkhla
flfkla' thdf. w;a wl=kau ,shmq fmd;la ux ,
ta uy;df.a Wmka .u jQ lmqj;a; ck;dj fmryka .; hq;h = ' tfy;a ta uOHu rd;Sf % ha flfia Wkajykafia
;shkjd' thd hoa ug ,d .shd' ta l yd neju ug
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ika fuf,djg jefha urKh urd
f;afcdaudk W;a:dkfha ch.%yKh
iksgqyka lrkakgh' mdial= brek
Wkajykafia th meye,sju bgq l<
fial' tfia k wm woykafka h.sh
fiq fkdj urKfhka W;a:dk jQ
fiqjh' fuh mdial= brek wms
w;aolskafkuq'judk ;eke;a;dKka
jykafia u<jqka w;r fidhkafka ukao@
Wkajykafia fuys ke;' Wkajykafia
W;a:dk jQ fial' ^Y=' la 24(5&
wd umshkaf.a mdmfha isg
wkaOldrfha yd mdmfha jy,anf .s,S
is ck;dj kj wdf,dalfha .uklg
wj;SrK lrjkakg ke;s .sh fo
ksia inehdj h<s f.dv k.d foaj
orelu kd ksoyfia uqla;sh W lr
u mdial=j f,i wre;a.ekah yel'
fujka w;s fYaIs; kh l=ug u<.ula
iurkjdo@ ls;=oyf wfhdauh moku
fiq ikaf.a W;a:dkhhs' mdial=j
;=<ska ta W;a:dkh je<|f.k ;h
Yla;su;a lr.ksuq'
fnkS chudkak
la udr
la jQ jQ udr ;= 2626jeks
;= ui jeks od
bb
fkdyels hs fik.g lSjdh' Tjqyq
kqjka kslau fiqia jykafia fj;
tkakg mgka .;ay' ^cqjd 28(30&
tu iu;dkq ia;s%h fiqia jykafia
wjfndaO lr.;a;d muKla fkdj
bkamiqj ;u fidhd.ekSu wka wh
iu fn .ekSug W;aidy l<dh'
f wdldrhg wm;a fuu p;dl
iuh ;=< fiqia iajdka jykafiaf.a
jpkh ksjerj f;are f.k th
wka wh iu fn .ekSug W;aiql
fjuq' th wm jev lrk ia:dkfha"
mdif,a" hk tk .uk ufka wfma
ksji ;=< wm wi,ajeishd ;=< l<
yelsh' fiqia jykafia h weug
yd ia;s%hg jk c,h .ek l;d
l< fial' jk c,h hkq Y=oaOd;au
ukdhs' weh b,a,d iskafka k
muKla wehf.a msmdih ioygu
ixiskq msi wehg jk c,h
fok nj fiqia jykafia mjik
fial' ta;=< wE ;u Yajdih hqKq
l<dh' tfiau Y=oaOjq mdjq ;=ud
fldka;sjrekg ,shQ ixfoaYfha
fuf,i i|ykaj we;' f m%idockl
ld,hhs' iajdka jykafia fj; ye
tkak' tfia k wm o f p;dl
iuh ;=< fkdf,a fokq ,nk fuu
ukd wm yoj;a ;=<g mqrjd .;
hq;= fjuq' iu;dkq ia;s%h fuka
wm o Wkajykafiag ijka fouq'
tfukau weh ls%ia;=ia hkq
ljfrla hs ;u cd;shg
ykajd ka wdldrhg
wm o Wkajykafiaj
wm ifydaorhdg
ykajd fouq' f,dalh
bfha ls%ia;=ka
jykafia fjkqfjka idlaIslrefjda
fjuq' m%ido iakdmkh uysufhka wm
fj; mejfrk Oru;sl ldrhh
fkdmsfy,d bgq lsug j.lSfuka
nef|uq'
ms%hka; mSgria
fmrod j<|jd isiqkg ? fndcqk
iKka foiQ foa kEiqk lk
mr ksia .=K mdjd ks ieksk
lsis wms;a hkjo cqohf. .uk
wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07
{dkdr:
1866 - 2016
m%mh
{dkdr: m%mh
muqKq.u ''' 17 msgqfjka
muqKq.u i mQcl mq;=ka fndfyda fofkla o iyNd.s
jQy' .re jr is,ajd me';='ks' msh;=ud foiq meje;ajQ w;r
.re ghsgia fdkafiald" ms,SIshka m%kdka ks'u'ks' msh;=uka
ckjkaokd" WmfoaYk fiajd" mdfmdpdrK lghq;=j,
ksr; jQy'
ux.,Hhg iu.dj jH i;am%ido jkaokd khla"
;reK ;rehka" orejka" foudmshka i|yd fYaI
jevigyka lSmhla o meje;a' fYaI bmyka fmryr
mej;s w;r ux.,H k uvq uf.a m%;sudj /.;a fmryr
.uka lf<ah'
ie|E iuh ''' 17 msgqfjka
jhia .; fuka Ydlj we;sjk fjkia ksid
idudkH f,i isjk uy u iy ;h ;=< uqyqK ka
is;a " n,dfmdfrd;a;= lv iy ;kslu u; isjk
widudkH uy fuys .%y fl' fln jhia .;ula
w;akao;a hdj iy Ndjkdj" ;%YS,s weiqr" ;ekg iqiq
kqjK Nd;h iy ;uka lrk ls%hdj .eku is;ka ls%hd
lsu hk is idOl ;=< msysgd lghq;= lsfuka ;ukaf.a
jhia.; ld,h m%idokSh wkaoug .; l< yels nj fuys
mila l<y'
fuu kqj;a lsu lrkq ,enqf lE.,a,
id' fcdaYma lkHdrdufha jeys WmfoaYk fiajdf
kshef,k .re tv,a mSia me fidhqhhs' jeyshkag
je<f|k frda. iy Bg wkql+,jk f,i wdydr mdk .ek
jeyshkag lshd kafka wiaidf,a, uy frdayf,a
ffjoH wixl fmfrrd uy;dhs' fuu jeys yuqj
ys=rlaf.dv i fiajl .re ,ika;d o wdnDD f'ks'
msh;=ukaf. Wmfoia u; ish'
p;dlhg ''' 17 msgqfjka
50 fofkla o msh;=uka 4 fofkla o iyNd.s fj;s' f.daf
iy uex.f,darfha ish kjd;eka myiql o f.daj
msh;=ukau jkaokdlrejka f.daf ish ;ekaj,g f.k
hEuo isf' k 11 la jQ fuu jkaokd .uk wka yeu
pdld wdh;khkag jvd b;d wvqu whlsulska isf'
< jkaokd .uk wf.daia;= fojk i;sfha isf'
lfvd,alef,a''' 17 msgqfjka
fuk lfvd,alef,a i fiajl .re ,lams%h
fkdaksia msh;=ud iy lfvd,alef,a ls;= ne;s ieyej;=kaf.a
iyNd.s;ajfhka lfvd,alef,a w.ro.=re ksla,ia udlia
udj; msys W;a:dk jQ ls;= ikaf.a ms<srej bmsg
wd.l j;djka bgqlr foaj ck;djg mdial=f lam%dma;sh
isyslsug l=rei .i Tijd ;e'
;e lld Wka ys l oka je
h fkd;ld hu /< bfhka is
msf,da;sld fjka isj; msisk ie
fjfrdaksld fy,s l< u .sfhd;a j
wekagks is,ajd
jr fokak i`ks
mdmfha wr r,d
wdf,dalh ,nd ka
l=rei nka lmd, l ke.
wm fjkqfjka ka iks'''''''''
f l;fr ieu ndOl r,d
ch ux fj; msh k.kak
jr fokak wm ieug
ieu iks''''''
ghsgia imrud
 kj l;dj 19
wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07 wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

{dkdrx: 1866 - 2016

{dkdr :
m%mh {dkdr: m%mh

ls%ilsa;%i= a; = jr
jr I 2017
I 2017 la la jQ udr
jQ udr ;= ;
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jeks od
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ks; .g jQQ nEjqf cqfia jdia msh;=ud
lf;da,sl ck;dj fj; fiajh ie,iSug
Wkajykafiag wjia:dj ie,iqkd muKla
fkdj ,kafoais n, m%foaYhkays ixpdrfha
fmkajd ldis Wmhd .;ay' ih
uilg fmr bfvdarfhka iy
id.;fhka fmK uyje<s

fjkqfjka u,OuiQh rc;=ud iska
ksjiakhla ;kd fok ,' uykqjr iy
ta wjg mxj is ys;e;s ls;=kqjkaf.a
iyho we;sj msh;=ud ta wi,ska l=vd
foajia:dkhla blr .;af;a h' th j,a
fo,a lkq yhla u; ;ekqkZ;r by<
bla mshiailska iy my; l=vd ue
w,a;drhlska iuka; h' ta u; keka
,Sfhka ;ekQ wv nUhl muK l=reishla
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WoEik wjjk rc;=udg ;u
ihk l=fha iS uere ljqj jr lr
ne g tl t,af,a olskakg ,efnkafka
fhu i|yd rdcH iyho fkduoj
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wdYajdofhka fhka l;d lr;s'
zztfyu fkfuhs" fo i|dKka
wmsg l< hq;= foa lshd' l,n, fjkak
tmd' lf;da,sllu yDohdx.u wd;ah
nkaOkhla ila nf,ka msysgqjkak fk
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f;da;ekakla njg m;aj we;'
nd,l nd,sldjkaf.a iskd
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l=vd orejkao ksid uykqjr
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i;=gq uqyqKska ms ckS ckhd
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cqfia jdia msh;=udf.a l=vd fo uerhs' jqk negjka fidhd .ksuq'ZZ oyu
th rc;=udf.a uy;a fidkig ldrKd wrUhd lsis lm mqf.ula msh;=udf.a

jQjdfiau" lkao Wvrg NslaIQkaf.a
wixf;daIhg o ldrKd h' f fkdrg
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Tjqka miqjqfha fkdukdmfhks' tfy;a f
hq.h jk g ydr i;= foam, mej;sho
tajd mj;ajdf.k kv;a;= lsu msKsi
msia fkdue;s h' Wmimodj msyS ;snQ
neka fnd oyu ms<sn| w,am kqula
;snQ NslaIQyq ydr kskao. /lSu i|yd
f;fu ls%hd;aul fjka ishy' l=Uqre
flu" .j md,kh" O fNda. j.djka
wd lDIsldl lghq;= Tjqka iskau
islrk ,' tfy;a fujka n, fyda Ok
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ms<sn| rc;=ud uy;a meyeug m;ajQjd
muKla fkdj uykqjr NslaIlh
ksudlrka jeis jeiaif Yaul+re
m%d;sydh isl< ksid ;j ;j;a
wukaodkkaohg m;aj isfhka ks;r
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fohka jykafia ug mjrd we;s tfl
ldhh bgq lsu muKhs rc;=fuks'ZZ
fu;eka isg ys;;=re rc;=udf.a
wdrlaIdj hgf;a uq jhsfkau
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lf;da,slhskao ish WodiSk;ajh mfil
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j.lS bgqlsug hqyqiq jQfha msh;=ud
fukau lf;da,sl Yajdih u.ska kd
is jrm%idh ; ;;a;ajfhys
mx.=ldr ug h' f ish ;;a;ajhka
;=< ysf;aIsjka; fcdaka o isfha uy;a
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g wremafmd," jEf.d,a, foig
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fj<ka meKSug mgka .;ay' ta iu
wjg m%foaYj,ska lsKSug wiajkq
mgjd.;a .e,alrefjdao meKshy'
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fofNaolshska isfhao t;r ;=gqmygq
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bmsg isg ta Yauhckl oYkh
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msg meKs fcdaka oE;a tlafldg k<f,a
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zzTnjykafia ug tkak lsh,
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zzuu ;rla' wehs iqjd tfyu
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l=refia ix>hg .sys,a,d oy ;
fiajhg odhl fjkak ;j;a mQclhska
tjkak lsh, lshkak' yenehs wdfh
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lsh,;a lshkak'ZZ
zzug Tnjykafiaj wka;rdfj
od, hkak neye' Wka fyd| uQK
fmkakk yq fofkla Tn;=ud tlal
ffjrhsZZ
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fohka jykafia udj wdrlaId lrhs'
hkak''' .sys,a, uu lsj foa" ta hg
bIag lrkakZZ
jI 1696 uy;a fm/;a;
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bkahdjg hdf wNs,dIfhka jEWv
yryd mq;a;,gu msg;aj .sfhah' th
fofNalhskag k iqn wdrxhla h'
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w;a fukaia

urK hdjf;a ieierefj

t l .g ms<sld kdYl T!IO
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fyhla lekshq,djlska jpk isre lrhs'
ih fmd<la isre l<;a" tkak;a lgqj ksis
m ia:dk.; lrkakg whg fkdyels
h' miqj th ia:dk.; lf<a fjk;a
fyhls' fiq ikaf.a ; yd fomd
l=reishg ;nd ;shqKq weK j,ska isre
lroa Kqkq fokdj'''@ Wkajykafia
fokd yd ii|k g uf.a fokdjka ta
fkdyelsh' lEu wreh fukau ms<sl=,o
ksid Yrh fkka k lDI fjhs' flia
je ;gh u;=fjhs' kyrje,a yd isrefr
iu ;o l meyehla .kS' m%;sldr ud,dj
wjika jkakg u;af;ka f,a j, wvx.=
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j .s,ka jQfh' ud m;aj isk wiSre
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yd rer mld ,nd h<s ud m%lD;s
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mgka cmud,h WpdrKh lrk g
l=reish fokdj ;sfnk ;ek r|j' ud
okakd ykk yeuf.ka ud Wfoid hk
iajdka jykafiaf.a /ljrKh ug ;s' fuka b,afj' mQrj mlaIK i|yd
m%foaYjdiska we;= kE ys; ;=rkaf.a frday,a.;j ish l=vd uvq lkHdrdufha
m;Hd.fhka Y,Hlruhg wjeis uqo, m%Odk fidhqh frday, msys m%foaYfha
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idr:lj ish' jykafia kh lsug me fidhqhla
;jo u< neyer lsu i|yd Yrfhka tug ;r ldrel jQjdh' tmuKla
msg; nE.hla r|jd .ekSf wjkka fkdj ks;r iqjla uika ksjigu
o fk' b;ska ;a jH i;am%ido jykafia kh l<dh'

wy,lskaj;a ;eh yelso@
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jykafiaf.a n,j;a yd wdYsrjdoh ,nd .;s' wfmalaId
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jH i;am%ido fialdjkaf.ka fiqj
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fmfj;ls' wyi .sys fidhqfhda f,ka.;=j uf.a iqjla
Wig fmd lr .;a uiSug ldrel jQy' b;ska" iajdka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jykafiaf.a YS% Yrh;a" rerh;a isrer mqrd
ug fkd;s' .uka lrka ud iqjm;a lr ;sfnk nj
j;ajk fl ld,h i;=ka uf.a n,j;a Yajdihhs'
f.jkakg jEh lf<' urKhg h hefuka yd Ok m;Hd.fhka
fkdjqk;a fokdjg h fj' ta ukaoh;a wkq.%yh lajQ f;dvqjdj i fiajl
ud ixf ksil= neks' tneka j;a; msh;=ud" l=vd uvq lkHdrdufha fidhqhka"
msfha jevl fhfooa mjd ;=jd,hla ;=re jika;s m%uqL jH i;am%ido fiajl
lr fkdf.k miaika jev lf<' .sys fidhqre fidhqhka ls;=ok mqnqf
isrefrka f,a .ekSu" tkak;a lsu n l=vd uvq ix>h" f;dvqjdj yd l=vd uvq
fokdld foag ud ;=< ;snqfKa hls' i ix>j, ieyej;=ka lD;fj
tjeks h.=,a,l= Y,Hlruhlg uqyqK isysm;a lr' r neyer fkd;ld meK
kafka flfiao@ ug ffOrhh ,enqfka ud iqjla uiQ ud .=re mshdKka o wu;l
n,j;a lrkd iKka ud ;=< is ksid fkdlr'
fkdfo@
Worfha fokdj kqkq fudfydf;a fvksia m%kdka
 wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

20 {dkdr: ls%ia;= jrI 2017 la jQ udr;= 26 jeks bod {dkdr : m%mh

1866 - 2016

m%f,dj
mhfYdaldka; kdgHfha Wm; nhsn,Sh fcda o@
miq.sh i;sfhka''' lspKa
%ia;v= d,hl=
jrIg 2017 la jQ udrul
wh;a fidfydka ;= ui 26 jeks
fidfydka m,aod
{dkdr: m%mh

,l=b i|yka jelshlsks' ta jelsfha i|yka jkafka fkdajd

.%Sla fYdaldka; /`.=f fmr.ukalre f,i uydpdrh
fydria le,ka zfcdaZ i,lk w;r uydpdrh p
ifj,a" frdn f,da;a iy ;shfvdar fid wd pdrlhskao
fYdaldka;hla fia i,l;s' (Job in the ancient world - Dr.
S.J. Vicchio pp. 21-25 - 2006) f w;r f'v' fj
iy ,s,Eka rhslka Bg m%;smlaI u; orka fcda
iqLdka;hla f,i yqjd olaj;s' fYaIfhka rhslkaf.a
u;h wkqj fcda zhQZ U yevh ork iqLdka; l;d
jia;=jls' ulaksidoh;a l;dj wdrNfha fcda i;=j
;snq biqreu;a ;h;a foka iu`. Tyq mj;ajdf.k
wd ksle,e,a in|;dj;aa hk folu l;dj wjidkfha;a
fkdfjkiaj h<s ksrudKh jk ksidh' (Hebrew Exegesis
of job by R. McCabe - pp 101-111, 2004) weiafgdag,af.a
rx. isoaOdka; j,go fuu woyi wkql+, f' tneka
fcda lD;sh .%Sl fYdaldka; kdgH iNjfha h wdldr
n,mEula l<d h yels jqjo fYdaldka; kdgH ffY,sh
wdorYhg f.k fcda lD;sh imdokh jQ nj lsj
fkdyelsf'
tfia jqj;a fcda lD;sh jvd;a <x jkafka .%Sl
kdgHg jvd ixialD; kdgHfha ikaorN rgdjkag;a tys
isoaOdka;uh kshuhka njg;a u;hlao mj;s' urka fmdama
fuu lreK ms<sn|j uiSug Wkka jQ pdrlfhls'
(Job Anchor bible meryyn pope, ixix, 1965) Tyq fcda
lD;sh yYapka k ixialD; kdgHfha l;d jia;=j
iu`. ii\ n,hs' .%Sishg wdfksl :H foajl;d u;
mokj mer .%Sl kdgHlrefjda fYdaldka; ixl,amh
je<| .;af;dah' f w;r bkahdkq kdgHlrefjda uyd
Ndr;h yd yska mqrdK .%ka: u; mokj Nr;uqksf.a
zNdr;Sh lruhZ woyia Tiafia iqLdka; ixl,amh je<|
.;af;dah' ta wkqj ksid jkdys yqfola ffojfha yia:h
u; kegfjk jia;=jla muKla fkdj wkd.; brKu
iajlSh l%shdfjka ksrudKh lr.kafklao jkafkah
hkak wdishd;sl l,df fmd ka;kh njg m;ah'
ueo fmr. ksrudKhla jQ fcda p;h tla w;lska
fohka jykafiaf.a n,mEug yiqjk w;r wks;a w;ska
p;fha wIaGdkh yd ;a; ffOrhh u; brKu fjkia
lr.;akd ksid th wdishd;sl ka;khg jvd;a im f'
la f mudj ie,ls,a,g .;a l< fcda p;hg
iul< yels p;hla yuqjkafka yiapka kjq il=
kdgHfhkah' fuu kdgHhg mok jQ l;dkaorh ,she
we;af;a l%s'j' 250-550 w;r ,shejqKq udrlKafh
mqrdKfha nj mejfia' (Wendy Doniger) fuu kdgHh
Ndr;Sh rislhska w;r fl;r ckm%shj mej;sfhao
h;a l%s'j' 13 ishji olajd r`.lajQy' wjika ixialD;"
kdglh fuh nj Yajkd: lrdchkaf.a zidys;H
orYKhgZ ,shQ ldf i|ykaj ;sf' ^ixial; kdgH
l,dj yd wNs{dk Ydl=ka;,h - iqp; .,;a msgq 2 -
1964&
fcda fukau i;Hfha yd hqla;sfha m%;suQr;shla n
yiapka rcq f;%; hq.fha ckldka;jQ iqrh jxYslfhls'
Yaj ;% k uyd iDIsjrhd Ndjkdfjka kd.;a ;miaiq
{dkh rcq fkdkqj;aj l< faIhlska ke;s hdu
ksid Bg jka f.ug fmdfrdka jk yiapkag ;u
rg;a" rclu;a" fidj yd orejd;a wys jk w;r ;=uQu
f,i ls hdug isf' wkd.; wd;au Njfha;a
jka f.ug isfh hk wjfndaOh ksid ;u f;dr
lr .ekSfuka je<fla' rcqg kakg isjk laL
faukiaihka yd wys ish,a, Tyq iska l< mQrj
lruhkaf.a m,ula f,i n%yau fohka wjidkfha
fy<sor lrhs' tfiau Yaj ;% iDIsjrhd rcqf.a
yehdj mslaika Tyqg i.f,djg hEug Wo l<
nj;a t<sor f' l;dj wjika jkafka fojre Tyq jgd
/iaj l ixisjd fof,djg mefKk f,i yiapkag
we/hq lsfuks'
yiapka kdglh fcda fukau iqLdka;hls' fojreka
iska OrIaghd mslaid Tyqf.a yenj mslaiSu l;d
jia;=ka folgu fmdh' tfy;a fuu ksrudK fol
iuld,Sk fkdf' udrlKafh mqrdKh ,shejqK ld,
jljdkqj wkqj fcda l;dj hg;a msfihska Bg ishjia
y;lg;a jvd merh tneka fcda f,dalfha ysjqK
uq,au .%Sl kdgH j,g;a" ixialD; kdgHj,g;a fmr
,shejqKla njg b`.s my< lrhs mqrdK fiao udj; yryd
isjQ ft;sydisl wka;r rdcH fj<| in|;d Tiafia ueo
fmr. fi;sl idys;Hfhka Ndr; yska idys;Hh
wkqm%dKh ,ef m%;sM,hla jYfhka fun iudk;d
we;sjqjd h yelsh'
wmr. oDYH ldjH l,dj .ek wmg yuqjk
bmer kHdhsl mqia:lh jk weiafgdag,af.a
zfmdfhlaiaZ .%Sl niska rpkd lr we;af;a l%s'mQ' 335
h' Bg iurEmS fmr. mqia:lh jk Nr;uqksf.a ZkdgH
Ydia;%hZ hk i;= lD;sh rpkd we;af;a l%s'mQ' 200-
l%s'j' 200 w;r nj fmd ms<s.ekSuhs' f,dal kdgH l,d
b;sydihg wkqj .%Sla ^l%s'mQ' 4 ishji&" ixialD; ^l%s'mQ' 2
ishji&" frdau ^l%s'mQ' 2" ishji" k ^l%s'j' 4 ishji& yd
cmka ^l%s'j' 13 ishji& wd m%Odk fmrwmr. rx. l,d
Odrdjkaf.a ms<s.;a iNj ld, jljdkq iu`. ii|k
l,ays fcda lD;sfha Wm; Bg fmr l,l isjQ njg
fndfyda h;a u; m< ;sf' mqfrda.d fY%AIaG .%Sla kdgH
rpl ;%s;ajh jQ Bials,ia ^l%s'mQ' 525-456& fidfdla,sia&
^l%s'mq' 496-406& iy hqmsia ^l%s'mQ' 480-456& fuys fYaI
wjOdkhg fhduqf' fuu ld, kSrK miqu wkqj fcda
fmd; rpkd we;af;a Bials,ia l=vd fld .egfhl=j
is wjfha nj;a wksla fofokd Wm; ,nkakg oYl
.Kkdjlg fmr nj;a fy<sor lrf.k we;'
.%sla fYdaldka; kdgHfha mshd f,i ie,flk
Bials,ia f.a m%:u kdgHh jk zmridhsZ (Persai) fyj;a
zmrishdkqfjdaZ r`.olajd we;af;a l%s'mQ' 472 h' fuh
mrishdkq wrdchl=jQ
I jk hqiaf.a mq;a wyIaffrdaIaf.a yuqjka l%s'j'
480 .%Slhska iska i,d igfka ;SrKd;aul f,i
mrdch lsu w<,d rpkd jQjls' fuu igkg Bials,ia o
fm!oa.,slju iyNd.sfuka ,;a i;H w;alS /`.=f
l;d jia;=jg wuqjH f,i fhdf.k we;ehs lshf'
fcda fmd; zmridhsZ kdglh;a fmr ,shejqkla nj
;yjqre lrk m%n, idlaIshla we;' ta bka ishjilg
fmr l%s'mQ' 586 nef,dakfha fknqlfkir rcq iska
fcrei,u w;am;a lr.;a l,ays nef,dakshdj msgqjy,a jQ
tilsfh,a k fyfn% wkd.; jdla;Djrhd ,shq fmdf;a
iy ksfh,a k nhsn,Sh wd mqreIhska w;rg fcda
o ie,flk njh' ^tilsfh,a 14(14& fuhska wkdjrKh
jkafka fcda fmd; tilsfh,a j;ajQ l%s'mQ' 6 jk ishji
jk g;a ,seh ;snQ w;r th Bials,iaf.a l=`M,a kdgH
ksrudKhg;a jvd mer nj;ah'
flfia fj;;a zfcdaZ ;;ald,Sk O rpkdjkaf.
ka wdNdih ,enQ njg fndfyda kQ;k mrfhaIlhska iska
wkdjrKh lr we;' fuh l%s'mQ' 6 jk ishjfia uq,skau
nef,dakshdkq wruhsla niska ,she ;snQ njg H.S. Tur
Sinai o fuh wrd rpkdjla nj F.H. Foster o fuh ol=Kq
cqohdf ldka;drno tfah lhl=f.a ksrudKhla
nj R.H. Pfeiffe o lr we;s jrK bka lsysmhls' fuu
ishu jrK wjOdkhg .kska E.L. Greenstein iy
Y. Hoffman hk m%dudl oaj;=ka ks.ukh lrkafka
fcda fmd; skSishdkq" wrd" wldhdkq iy fYaIfhka
wruhsl NdIdj,ska Wlyd .;a ldjHuh Wla;Ska
(Functions) wmQrj;ajfhka myrKh lr we;s fyfn%
rpkhla njhs' (observations on the language of the book
of Job - by Cristian G. Rata - pp 8-13) f w;r fcda ys
tk b;du mer fldgia jk fmrjok yd miqjok l%s'mQ'
1000 muK ,shejqKla nj lshefjk im%hsl u;hg
wjOdkh fhduq lrka yd tys tk fiiq ldjHd;aul
ixjdo fldgia ,shd we;af;a l%s'mQ' 539-520 w;r ld,fha
nj th r; mirh .ek .eUqre wOHhkhl fhfoka
fmkajd ;sf' (Job in the Ancient World - Dr. S.J.
Vicchico - p . 24- 2006)
fuu lD;sfha kdgHuh iajrEmh ms<sn|j uq,a jrg
woyila m%ldY lr we;af;a ishdf wka;sfhdala kqjr
iQ fudmafiiahdf ;shfvdar ^l%s'j' 350-486& keue;s
ro.=rejrfhls' ta jk g f,dal kdgH b;sydih .ek
mq`M,a mrfhaIK ;=<ska .eUqka lreKq fy<sj fkd;snq
ksid fuh .%Sl fYdaldka; ffY,sh u; ,shQjla nj
Tyqf.a u;h h' bka wk;=rej 16 jk ishjfia b;d,sfha
j;ajQ fhyqvd fidfnda k cq kdgH ksIamdolhd
zfld l,df ixjdoZ (Dialogues on the Art of the
Stage) kka .%ka:hla ,shka fmkajd kafka ZfcdaZ
Yaj ,s; b;sydifhaa yuqjk m%:u kdgH msgm; nj;a"
fuu nhSn,Sh rx.dlD;sh miqlf,l my< jQ .%Ssla kdgH
rplhska iska wkqlrKh lr we;s nj;ah' ueika ys
iqm;, foajOrufhl= jQ we,a% fjd,aia f.a u;ho
Bg fndfyda iudkh' f,dj ysjQ meru kdgHh zfcdaZ
nj m%ldY l< Tyq 1891 jrK iys;j tu kdgH wxl
(Acts) mylg;a" cjksld (Scenes) is tllg;a fn
orYk miq;, myla hgf;a uqKh lr m%ldYhg m;a
lrkq ,eh'
fuf,i l,ska l,g m%ldY we;s u; j, idfmalaI
i;H;dj wjOdkhg .kska mer nhsn,Sh .si
NdIdj yd idys;Hh ms<sn| jrkshdf uydpdrhjrhl=jQ
iajka' t,a'l=la iska lrk m%ldYh fuys wjidk
jYfhka igyka lsu iqiqh' Tyqg wkqj fYdaldka; rx.
l,df wdrNh is we;af;a .%slajrekaf.ka fkdf'
nhsn,fha zfcdaZ f.a fmd;sks hkq Tyqf.a ks.ukhhs'
ysl=,iQh rx;a ksu,a l=frrd

fuod p;dlfha ienE ; fjkila lrd'''

md ial=j hkq ztf;r uhsZ tfukau
mdial=j hkq wm ls;=kqjka
f,i ieuh hq;= w;s W;a;;rjQ uyd
ux.f,da;aijhls' ta ukaoh;a ls%ia;=ka
jykafiaf.a ch.%dyS W;a:dkh wm
ls;=kq weoys,af,a m%Odk;u yrh jk
neks' kuq;a iEu jirla mdidu ls%ia;=
Nla;slhska f,i k i;,syla mqrdjg
wm isysm;a lrk ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a la
u" urKh yd f;acdka; W;a:dkh hk
mdial= wNsryi ;=< ienEjgu wm ;
kj;djhlg m;a jkjdo" hk mekh wm
bfha we;'
ienEjgu ztf;r uZ hkq wm bkakd
;ekska ksjer Ydjg fjkia uhs'
Wkajykafia wmg wdrdOkd lrkafka zj;
brdf.k fkdj" is; brdf.kZ
Wkajykafia fj;g ye taughs' wm
ish,af,dau n, mldrhka nj iEu
fudfyd;lu fufkys lrka h
;rulska fyda bkakd ;ekska wm
fjkia h hq;=u fjuq' fYaIfhka
fuu k 40 mqrdjgu wm foajia:dk
;=< meje;afjk Nla;s wNHdi yd jH
mQcdjkag iyNd.s u" mdokuialdr
meje;au" p;dl jkaokd .uka" urOk
ls%hd" tlajreYS,h /lSu hk ls%hdjkays
ne;snrj iyNd.s jk kuq" tajd ;=<
wmf.a we;=,dka; ;h fldf;la rg
fjkia jkjdo hkak wm fidais lr
ne,sh hq;= fjuq' f.daks fr we| w ;jrd
lrk Wmjdihla Wkajykafia wfmka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdf' Wkajykafia
wfmka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ienE Wmjdih
k id.sks jQjkag wdydr " kjd;eka
wys jQjkag jdiia:dk ,nd " jia;% ke;s
whg tajd imhd ta ;=<ska wkHhka ;=<
Wkajykafiaj lSuhs' Wkajykafiaf.a la
u isysm;a lsu ;=< kshu we;=,dka;
mS%;shla N=la;s kakg yels jkafka tghs'
jeyshka" foudmshka jYfhka wmf.a
; .uka lrkafka fldhsngo@ hkak
fudfyd;lg kej;S is;d n,uq' Okhg"
n,hg" ks, ;,j,g hg ;r.ld
/,a,g yiq .idf.k hk ; njg
m;a we;' t mjq, ;=< mej;s iduh"
iu.sh" tlsfkldg .re lsu" idrOru"
fYaIfhkau mjq,a heu wo fida mdjg
,la we;' jirlg jrla wm .; lrk
zp;dlhZ k jrm%idh ld,h ;=<
fujka l%u j,ska bj;a ienE ;
fjkila w;alsh hq;= fjuq' fYaIfhkau
j;auka ore mrmqr ksi;alu ykk
idrOru j,ska msmqka jQjka njg m;a
lsu" jeyshka i;= mru hq;=luls'
;dCIKh hqKqf ysksfm;a;g meK
;snqko" wo f,dalfha hym;g jvd wmg
olakg we;af;a whym;hs' kk ;dCIl
fuj, w;r orejkaf.a ; isr we;'
cx.u rl:khla w; ordf.k fkdue;s
orejl= wo fidhd .ekSu mjd wiSre
fohls' fuh fldf;la rg" fldhs h
wdldrhlg orejdf.a ;hg n,mE
lrkjdo hk j. fuh orejd w;g
m;alrk foumshka fudfyd;lg fyda
is;d ne,Su j' foudmshka ;u wNsudkh
fmkaug fujka kqiqiq ;dCIl
fuj, ;u orejka w;g m;a lsu
fYdapkSh ;;ajhls' jdy il%fka;=j
;=< foudmshka ,nkd jkdu ;s<skh
jk orejka" iqmqj;ska fiq wmg my
fok f,i Wkajykafiaf.a oyu ;=< j;a
fjk orejka njg m;a l< hq;=hs' wkjYH
f,i r. fkdis;d orejka w;g uqo,a
,nd u ;=< u;ameka" u;al=vq" .xcd jeks
udrdka;sl weneys j,g orejka
fhduq u wreuhla fkdf' ta fjkqjg
jeyshkaf.a j.lSu jkafka Tjqkag fyd|
wOHdmkhla ,nd " idrOru j,ska msmqka
ore mrmqrla njg m;a lsuhs' whym;g
fhduq we;s ;reK msia tajdhska uqojd
.ekSug i ix>h ;=< jeyshka
jYfhka talrdYs h jev ms<sfj,la
ls%hd;aul l< yels k mdial=j ;=<
fiqg wm ;s<sk lrk W;=u p;dl
m~qr jkjd fiau" Tjqkaf.a ; ;=< ienE
mdial=jla w;alsh yelsh'
we;a; jYfhkau f mdial= iuh ;=<
ienE ; fjkila w;a olskakg k
wmg h h foaj,a w;a yeug isjkq
we;' wm wdid lrk foaj,a w;ayeu
wiSre lreKla kuq;a Wkajykafia wmg
mjikafka Wkajykafia iu. w;aje,a
ne|f.k y udr.fha .uka lsug
k fndfyda foaj,a w;ayeh hq;= njhs'
foudmshka" jeyshka" ;reK ;rehka
f,i wm fldmuK foaj,a j,g jy,a
isuqo@ fkdfhla wfYdaNk" wksis
,dis;djkag jy,aj oyia .Kka uqo,a h
meyeo lrk ujre wm w;r fld;ro@
fujka miqula ;=< Tjqka ;u ;reK
jrekag wdorYhla jkafka flfiao@
;u |f.a orejkaf.a wjYH;d wu;l
lrka u;g" mdkhg" u;a jH j,g
lsis f,daNlula fkdue;sj h meyeo
lrk mshjreka wm w;r fldmuKo@ ;u
my;a wdYdjka uqka muqKqjd .ekSug l=vd
orejka mdmhg fmd<Ujk jeyshka
wo iudcfha fldmuKo@ foudmshka"
jeyshka jYfhka fujeks my;a
wdYdjkag jy,a j,ska ug fyd|u
ld,h mdial= iuhhs' thhs wm ;fha
w;aolsk kshu ztf;r uZ jkafka'
ls%ia;=ka jykafia hkq fma%uhhs'
Wkajykafia l=reish kue;s o~q lf|a
l=reim;a jQfha wmf.a .Kka ke;s mjq
Wfoidhs' wmg we;s wiS; fma%uh lrK
fldg f.khs' wmf.a mdmS ls%hd l,dmhka
ksid km;d kej; kej;;a Wkajykafiaj
l=reim;a lrkafkuq' fudfyd;lg kej;S
wmf.a yDo idCIshg ;gq lr n,uq'
t;=<ska f W;= jQ mdial=j k jQ tf;r
u ;=< wmf.a ; kj;djhlg m;a
lr .ekSu wrNhd" Wkajykafia wmg
wdrdOkd lrk mYapd;a;dmhg wjxl f,i
fhduq fjuq' m<uqj wm Wkajykafiaf.ka
,o wm ; ;s<skhg fma%u lruq' mjq,
;=< fukau" iudch ;=<o wm tlsfkldg
f.!rj lrka" tlsfkldg fma%u l< hq;=
fjuq' km;d Y=oaO ,sh,s mdGh fufkys
lrka th wfma wd;al wdydrh njg
m;a lr .kska" mjq,a cmud,h yd mjq,la
f,i tluq;= fjuq' iu.s ikaOdkh kue;s
W;= jQ il%fka;=j ;=< Wkajykafia;a"
wm;a w;r m jQ inehdj kej;
f.dvk.d .ksuq' ta ;=<ska mdial=f kshu
wre; k jQ ztf;r uZ wmf.a ;
idCIs ;=<skau wre;a .kajkakg wgka lr
.ksuq'
ksfIaka fmfrrd
 wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

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 wdrNh ( 1866 cQks 07

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;=ve,a, if kjl mQcl mq;=jk .re fvdksla ir

fmfrrd ^me';='ks'& msh;=ud ;=ve,a, i fiajl
.re ,skagka fcdaYma msh;=udf.a ixOdkfhka i ck;dj
b;d yrirfhka ms<s.;ay' kjl msh;=ud ;u l=,a jH
hd.h meje;au i|yd ;=ve,a, YS% Y=oaO wvlal, uEhkaf.a
fouerg ;u foumshka iu. le|jdf.k tau fuu
fiahdrefjla laf'
^fnkacka lsfy&
l= reKE., ro.=re mo Yd' kaikao mdjq,d ix.uh
u.ska wdnd;hka fjkqfjka frdao mqgq fn ula
l=,shdmsh i;amyk Yd,df wka;r cd;sl iNdm;s
n%is, cd;sl f,kdfgda ,Sud w;ska miq.sh is lrk ,'
m iq.shod ;,afol idka; gd uqksYajhf.a ux.,H
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