You are on page 1of 2

PHYSICS LONG TEST 2.

1 DRAFT

A projectile is a free-falling object. A projectile experiences negligible or no air resistance. A projectile must be moving in the downward direction. A projectile must be accelerating in the downward direction. A projectile does not have to have horizontal motion. A projectile could begin its projectile motion with a downward velocity. A projectile does not need to be "falling. a. TRUE - Free-falling objects, like projectiles, are objects upon which the only significant force is gravity. b. TRUE - The only force on a projectile is gravity; air resistance must not be present or must not have an influence upon the motion of the projectile. c. FALSE - Projectiles can be moving either upward or downward or at an angle to the vertical. They must however be accelerating downward, consistent with gravity's effect on an object. d. TRUE - The force of gravity acts directly downwards upon an object, causing a downward acceleration. Any projectile must be accelerating downwards regardless of other features of its motion. e. TRUE - A projectile could be moving strictly in a vertical direction with no horizontal motion. A ball thrown straight up in the air would be such a case. f. TRUE - There is no rule about which direction a projectile must be moving at the instant it is projected. It could begin its motion with a initial downward velocity. g. TRUE - The word "falling" can mean different things to different people. If "falling" involves moving in the downward direction at all instants in time, then a projectile does not need to be "falling." To many, "falling" means being pulled downward by gravity's force. In this case, a projectile must be "falling." Which of the following statements are true of the horizontal motion of projectiles? List all that apply. A projectile does not have a horizontal velocity. A projectile with a rightward component of motion will have a rightward component of acceleration. The horizontal velocity of a projectile changes by 9.8 m/s each second. A projectile with a horizontal component of motion will have a constant horizontal velocity. The horizontal velocity of a projectile is 0 m/s at the peak of its trajectory. The horizontal velocity of a projectile is unaffected by the vertical velocity; these two components of motion are independent of each other. The horizontal displacement of a projectile is dependent upon the time of flight and the initial horizontal velocity. a. FALSE - Many projectiles are moving from left to right and from right to left as they simultaneously free fall. Such projectiles have a horizontal motion. While a projectile can have a horizontal motion, it cannot have a horizontal acceleration. Whatever motion which it has in the horizontal dimension, must be motion with a constant velocity. b. FALSE - A projectile with a rightward motion (in addition to a vertical motion) will have a constant velocity in the rightward direction. This is to say that it has no horizontal acceleration.

c. FALSE - A projectile has a constant horizontal velocity. The vertical velocity will change by 9.8 m/s each second. d. TRUE - Absolutely true! Projectiles are objects being acted upon by gravity alone. As such, there is a vertical acceleration but no horizontal acceleration. The horizontal velocity of a projectile is either zero or a constant nonzero value. e. FALSE - The vertical velocity of a projectile is 0 m/s at the peak of its trajectory; but the horizontal component of the velocity at the peak is whatever the value was when first launched. f. TRUE - For any two dimensional motion (whether projectile motion or riverboat problems or ...), perpendicular components of the motion are independent of each other. Any alteration in a vertical component will not effect the horizontal components of motion. g. TRUE - The horizontal displacement (x) can be calculated with the formula x = vox t, where vox is the initial horizontal velocity and t is the time. These are the two variables which effect the horizontal displacement of a projectile. The diagram at the right depicts a horizontally-launched projectile leaving a cliff of height y with a horizontal velocity (vix) and landing a distance x from the base of the cliff. Express your understanding of projectile kinematics by filling in the blanks in the table below. To simplify the calculations, use an acceleration of gravity value of -10 m/s/s. vix (m/s) a. b. c. d. e. 15.0 m/s 15.0 m/s ______ ______ ______ y (m) 20.0 m ______ 45.0 m ______ 74.0 m t (s) ______ 3.00 s ______ 2.50 s ______ x (m) ______ ______ 45.0 m 30.0 m 66.0 m

The diagram at the right depicts a horizontally-launched projectile leaving a cliff of height y with a horizontal velocity (vix) and landing a distance x from the base of the cliff. Express your understanding of projectile kinematics by filling in the blanks in the table below. To simplify the calculations, use an acceleration of gravity value of -10 m/s/s. vix (m/s) a. b. c. d. e. 15.0 m/s 15.0 m/s 15.0 12.0 17.2 y (m) 20.0 m 45.0 45.0 m 31.3 74.0 m t (s) 2.00 3.00 s 3.00 2.50 s 3.85 x (m) 30.0 45.0 45.0 m 30.0 m 66.0 m

You might also like