Type text to search here...

Home ~ EIGRP Tutorial

EIGRP Tutorial
December 3rd, 2010 Go to comments
Feasible Distance (FD) and Advertised Distance (AD)
In the next part, we will deIine these terms and take an example to make them clear.
Advertised distance (AD): the cost Irom the neighbor to the destination.
Feasible distance (FD): The sum oI the AD plus the cost between the local router and the next-hop router
Successor: The primary route used to reach a destination. The successor route is kept in the routing table.
Notice that successor is the best route to that destination.
Feasible successor: The backup route. To be a Ieasible successor, the route must have an AD less than the
FD oI the current successor route
Maybe it`s a bit conIused with these terms so below is an example to make it clear.
Suppose you are in NEVADA and want to go to IOWA. From NEVADA you need to speciIy the best path
(smallest cost) to IOWA.
In this topology, suppose router A & B are exchanging their routing tables Ior the Iirst time. Router B says
'Hey, the best metric (cost) Irom me to IOWA is 50 and the metric Irom you to IOWA is 90 and advertises
it to router A. Router A considers the Iirst metric (50) as the Advertised distance. The second metric (90),
which is Irom NEVADA to IOWA (through IDAHO), is called the Feasible distance.
NEVADA also receives the cost path Irom NEVADA -~ OKLAHOMA -~ IOWA advertised by router C
with the Advertised distance oI 70 and Feasible distance oI 130.
All oI these routes are placed in the topology table oI router A:
Route Advertised distance Feasible distance
NEVADA -~ IDAHO -~ IOWA 50 90
NEVADA -~ OKLAHOMA -~ IOWA 70 130
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 1f11
Router A will select the route to IOWA via IDAHO as it has the lowest Feasible distance and put it into the
routing table.
The last thing we need to consider is iI the route NEVADA -~ OKLAHOMA -~ IOWA will be considered
as a Ieasible successor. To achieve this, it must satisIy the Ieasibility condition:
'To qualify as a feasible successor, a router must have an AD less than the FD of the current
successor route'
Maybe you will ask 'why do we need this Ieasibility condition? Well, the answer is because it guarantees a
loop-Iree path to the destination; in other words, it must not loop back to the current successor.
II the route via the successor becomes invalid (because oI a topology change) or iI a neighbor changes the
metric, DUAL checks Ior Ieasible successors to the destination route. II one is Iound, DUAL uses it, avoiding
the need to recompute the route as the re-computation can be processor-intensive. II no suitable Ieasible
successor exists, a re-computation must occur to determine the new successor.
EIGRP calls these alternative, immediately usable, loop-Iree routes Ieasible successor routes, because they
can Ieasibly be used as a new successor route when the current successor route Iails. The next-hop router oI
such a route is called the Ieasible successor.
In this case, the route NEVADA -~ OKLAHOMA -~ IOWA has an AD (70) less than the FD oI the
successor route (90) so it becomes the Ieasible successor route.
OI course in some cases the Ieasibility condition will wrongly drop loop-Iree paths. For example, iI the metric
between OKLAHOMA and IOWA is greater than 90 then the route NEVADA -~ OKLAHOMA -~
IOWA will not be considered as a Ieasible successor route although it is loop-Iree. But this condition is
necessary because it can guarantee the Ieasible successor routes are loop-Iree.
Notice that the Ieasible successors are placed in the topology table, not in the routing table.
Now router A has 3 complete tables as Iollows (we only consider route to IOWA network)
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 2f11
Now you have a basic concept oI EIGRP, in the next part we will dig into the 3 tables oI EIGRP the
neighbor, topology & routing tables as understanding them is a requirement Ior a CCNA-taker and learn how
to calculate the metric oI EIGRP.
Pages: 1 2 3
Comments (138) Comments
Comment pages
Previous 1 2 3 380
1. 9tut
May 29th, 2012
Rose: The AD is one hop less than the FD so it has only 1 outgoing interIace (Fa0/1 oI Router1)
and the delay oI this interIace is 10.
2. Anonymous
June 14th, 2012
Very amusing and educational. Good job.
Thanks,
Hansen Kannie CCNA, CCDA, CCNP, CCDP, CCIE R&S written.
3. Ank
June 19th, 2012
In Routing table .Is it true, Ior outbound interIace the value would be 50 or the interIace name E0
(intead oI 50) ?
4. nawel algeria
July 3rd, 2012
thank you Ior the tuto its cool
5. Anonymous
July 9th, 2012
What a great Summary oI EIGRP.
6. Jason
July 11th, 2012
This page should be updated to note that iI K5 0, the Iormula reduces to Metric |k1 * bandwidth
(k2 * bandwidth)/(256 - load) k3 * delay|.
Otherwise, the metric Iormula solves to zero when K5 is zero.
7. Shemie
July 16th, 2012
(CD-ROM) This product is ok. I got a while back Ior my CCNA with the CCNA kit. It has a dcenet
supporting lineup oI router and switches. It seriously lacks commands especially in routers. just a Iew I
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 3f11
supporting lineup oI router and switches. It seriously lacks commands especially in routers. just a Iew I
noticed when creating my virtual network: any logging command and any exec command (which means
you always have a logout timer) these are just a Iew that I can think oI oII the top oI my head. There
are many more but i can only remember the conI t ones right now and I have since uninstalled. I
expected more Irom Sybex. Their CCNA study guide (Lammle) is amazing. All-in-all not good. To get
my CCNA I used CCNA study guide (Lammle),CCNA IOS Commands Survival Guide (Lammle),
CCNA Fast Pass (Lammle) Ior the book/lab exercises. I used Cisco Packet Tracer 5.3 Ior my virtual
lab.Also, the Study guide would have been enough to pass the exam, but I wanted the extra command
inIo and labs in the Fast Pass and Survival Guide.Packet Tracer is available through Cisco Academy
and a Iew other places. I don`t really know all the ways to get it unless you are DOD. II your DOD
you can get it Ior Iree.
8. Geet
July 18th, 2012
Thanks Ior the comment. To know that 1 pesron has beneIited Irom the inIormation that I post is good
enough Ior me. I completely agree with your statement that keeping a blog on going is a challenge. The
biggest challenge is having content to post that is beneIicial.When it comes to linux Iinding something
that your looking Ior is sometimes not very easy, and Ior me, its never easy. It usually takes me a Iair
amount oI time to locate what I need Ior whatever im working on. I always Iind myselI saying why cant
someone just post the things in a easy step by step Iormat in one place instead oI having to search all
over Ior the answer. So thats what I attempt to do.Thanks again Ior the comment. Its awesome. Please
keep coming back and Ieel Iree to post your things you have Iound or run into
9. Please Explain
July 19th, 2012
EIGRP Load Balancing.
9tut Load balancing: EIGRP supports UNEQUAL metric load balancing, which allows
administrators to better distribute traIIic Ilow in their networks.
Todd Lammle Book Load Balance up to Iour EQUAL cost link
Please conIirm. thanks
10. learner
July 22nd, 2012
please Explain, EIGRP can load balance upto 4 equal cost path links by deIault, you can use
variance command, set it to one, it will load balance equal cost paths, but it can provide load balancing
upto 16 paths(variable cost path links)
11. learner
July 22nd, 2012
9tut and Xallax Hii, i Iound these tutorials extremely good, i would like to know what you guys
are doing these days and in terms oI certiIications by Cisco , really i would love to help u guys in these
tutorials someday .. I appreciate your eIIorts !!
12. learner
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 +f11
July 22nd, 2012
9tut.. Superb explanation oI AD , FD n successor route , even Todd Lammle didn`t explained it in
such a nice way..!!
13. thuti2000
July 25th, 2012
This was the best description oI AD FD that I ever read..well done and thank you.
14. Lage
August 3rd, 2012
Hi guys,
Thank you Ior the wonderIul work you people are doing Ior everyone who is trying to learn all oI this
stuII. Thanks 9tut you`re great.
By the way can you please tell me where i can get the Packetracer you are using please let me know.
You may contact me at linkinggmail.com.
Thank you and bless yall..
15. Lage
August 3rd, 2012
Sorry actually my email is linkonygmail.com
16. Lage
August 3rd, 2012
9tut my email is linkonygmail.com please pass on the Packetracer tool.
17. Anonymous
August 4th, 2012
This is good tutorial.
For those want to understand Iurther the strengths oI EIGRP Ior your network, you may want to read
these articles:
http://www.netxplane.com/2012/07/the-strength-oI-eigrp-part-i.html (EIGRP Feasible Successor)
http://www.netxplane.com/2012/07/the-strength-oI-eigrp-part-ii.html (EIGRP Unequal Load Sharing)
18. amila
August 9th, 2012
loop-Iree path valid path ??????????? help meeee
19. nithalia
August 10th, 2012
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 5f11
good job.............
20. Lucas
August 22nd, 2012
I love this, its so great ! and easy to understand
21. Good job
August 31st, 2012
This tutorial was written very good I didn`t expect it to be on this site, better than some books.
22. RJ
September 4th, 2012
When EIGRP comes up Ior the Iirst time.(the router will try to establish a neighboring relationships by
sending 'Hello packets to others running EIGRP)-its Iine but.it exchanges its TOPOLOGY table
with its neighbors and not ROUTING table.in this above diagram R2 will also send its TOPOLOGY
table to R1 by 'Update packets. Remember that R2 will send its complete TOPOLOGY table Ior the
Iirst time and not ROUTING table.R1 conIirms it has received the Update packet by an 'ACK
message.R1 will also send to R2 all oI its TOPOLOGY table Ior the Iirst time.R2 sends a message
saying it has received R1's TOPOLOGY table.
23. PLEASE CORRECT THIS POINT 9TUT
September 4th, 2012
When EIGRP comes up Ior the Iirst time.(the router will try to establish a neighboring relationships by
sending 'Hello packets to others running EIGRP)-its Iine but.it exchanges its TOPOLOGY table
with its neighbors and not ROUTING table.in this above diagram R2 will also send its TOPOLOGY
table to R1 by 'Update packets. Remember that R2 will send its complete TOPOLOGY table Ior the
Iirst time and not ROUTING table.R1 conIirms it has received the Update packet by an 'ACK
message.R1 will also send to R2 all oI its TOPOLOGY table Ior the Iirst time.R2 sends a message
saying it has received R1's TOPOLOGY table.
24. Magneta
September 9th, 2012
This is very easy tutorial.
25. Asok Mohan
September 14th, 2012
hats oII 9tut worth 9$
26. Ramesh
September 18th, 2012
this tutorial is very good, i understand so much things. So please post this type oI notes & improve our
knowledge.
Regards & Thanks
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 6f11
Ramesh
27. Raj
September 20th, 2012
Shemie,
can yo uplseaes let meknow when can i download Packet Tracer 5.3.. as i am just able to Iind only the
broken links and that disappoints me :(
28. sotir1984
September 24th, 2012
One question? Do i have a brain Ireeze or iI K5 is 0 then all is zero?
29. Anonymous
September 27th, 2012
The literature is amazing , some times we Iind things to be diIIicult because we do not have right people
to expalin it !!!, wel done
Gaid
30. AnkushK
September 27th, 2012
anyone
how to change the AS number oI eigrp without using 'no command?
plz help me my xm is on 29th.....tnx in advance
31. kushal arora
September 29th, 2012
widout no command we can`t chnge it ..we hav to put
'no router eigrp AS
thn agn new as no as above
32. C3C
October 11th, 2012
Since I can`t aIIord to enroll into any online or onsite classes I have had to use whatever help I can Iind
on the Internet. The Sybex test engine is very limited so I turned to GNS3. Since it is a Cisco cert I
require i have Iound that using the Cisco learning Iorum a big help. I just now Iound 9tut and it also
helps. I Ieel that it is possible to pass any Cisco test without buying into any online or onsite training.
Again thanks to 9tut Ior your help.
33. S Shrestha
October 13th, 2012
Much gratitude to 9tut.com. Your work is like a Gem Ior those who wants to learn about Cisco
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 7f11
system and Iace the CCNA exam. Although, I have once gone through Todd Lamelle`s book, the
concise presentation oI your materials helps to quickly review the concepts and retain in the brain. I
have already taken the membership to support your eIIort. Keep going 9tut.com, you are the hope Ior
all oI us!!!Cheers!!
34. tinasoIt
November 2nd, 2012
thank so much.
35. avish malrotra
November 9th, 2012
plz i want a Iull summary oI eigrp
36. TelcoGuy
December 2nd, 2012
When calculating the metric you say 1024 is the speed oI T1, are you talking about a T1 carrier? T1's
are 1.544Mbps
37. Shri
December 4th, 2012
Didn`t get the use oI 'no auto summary command plz explain
38. Pijush
January 2nd, 2013
9tut
You guys are Rockstar! Even Todd lamle have not explained this way, about AD and FD. I have used
Reachard Deal`s(easy and vast) book to understand AD and FD. Its is truly great
Shir
'auto summary is the term used to reIer summarized boundary oI a class Iull network. so 10.0.5.0
would be treated as 10.0.0.0, where subnet bit oI an address is situated to that class(known as deIault
mask(means no subnet)). whether it is under class A,B or C.
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0 (Ior class c)
172.16.25.0 172.16.0.0 (Ior class b)
21.25.35.74 21.0.0.0 (Ior class a)
Comment pages
Previous 1 2 3 380
Add a Comment
Name
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 8f11
Submit Comment
Subscribe to comments Ieed
CCNA Operations 3 OSPF Tutorial
Premium Membership
Become a member to interact with all questions and read all tutorials, labs!
Find out more or Sign In
CCNA 640-802
CCNA Lab Sim
CCNA Basic Questions
CCNA Basic Questions 2
CCNA Cisco IOS Questions
CCNA Cisco IOS Questions 2
CCNA Cisco IOS Questions 3
CCNA OSI Model Questions
CCNA TCP/IP Model & Operation
CCNA Show Command Questions
CCNA Protocols & Services
CCNA Access List Questions
CCNA Access List Questions 2
CCNA WAN
CCNA WAN 2
CCNA IP Address Questions
CCNA IP Routing Questions
CCNA IP Routing Questions 2
CCNA RIP Questions
CCNA OSPF Questions
CCNA OSPF Questions 2
CCNA EIGRP Questions
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 9f11
CCNA EIGRP Questions 2
CCNA Security Questions
CCNA DHCP Questions
DHCP Group oI Four Questions
CCNA NAT & PAT Questions
CCNA Drag and Drop 1
CCNA Drag and Drop 2
CCNA Drag and Drop 3
CCNA Drag and Drop 4
CCNA Drag and Drop 5
CCNA Switch Questions
CCNA Switch Questions 2
CCNA Switch Questions 3
CCNA VLAN Questions
CCNA VLAN Questions 2
CCNA VTP Questions
CCNA Hotspot
CCNA STP Questions
CCNA STP Questions 2
CCNA IPv6 Questions
CCNA Subnetting
CCNA Subnetting Questions 2
CCNA Subnetting Questions 3
CCNA Subnetting Questions 4
CCNA Operations 1
CCNA Operations 2
CCNA Operations 3
CCNA Troubleshooting 1
CCNA Troubleshooting 2
CCNA Wireless
CCNA FAQs & Tips
Share your CCNA Experience
CCNA Self-Study
Practice CCNA GNS3 Labs
CCNA Knowledge
Network Resources
Free Router Simulators
ICND1/ICND2 Website
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 10f11
CCNP - ROUTE Website
CCNP - SWITCH Website
CCNP - TSHOOT Website
CCNA Voice Website
CCNA Wireless Website
CCNA Security Website
CCDA Website
CCIP Website
CCIE Written Website
Support 9tut
Your contribution will help keep this site updated!
Top
Copyright 2010-2012 CCNA Training
Privacy Policy. Valid XHTML 1.1 and CSS 3.
1f8f2013 CCNA Training E!GRP Tutorial
9tut.comf.f2 11f11