& Treatment

________________________________________________________________________________________ APEX FZ-LLC, P.O. Box 502221, Knowledge Village, Dubai, UAE Telephone No.: + 971 4 3622021, Fax No.: + 971 4 3678636 Email: info@apex-dubai.com, Website: www.apex-dubai.com

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INTRODUCTION
Plant utilities or offsites are a vital service to the operation of most major industrial plants. Unfortunately, they are usually ignored until they cause problems and then it can be too late. The plant will suffer a major derating or outage that could have been avoided. This course is a must for the key personnel at any plant that relies upon reliable cooling water and steam production. This would include: v v v v Power and Water Utilizes Plant. Petrochemical, including refineries and gas separation. Coal-fired, gas fired and combined cycle electrical generation. Manufacturers of boilers, cooling towers and heat exchangers.

Unit efficiency, reliability, and availability can be adversely affected by improper Boiler water chemistry. The results of a multi-million dollar overhaul can be negated during start-up due to improper boiler water chemistry. Finally, Water quality is an essential component of any development, whether it is a resort, residential, recreational, industrial or commercial. In areas where saline water dominates, clean water supplies are typically limited and fresh water usually comes at a premium price.

COURSE OBJECTIVES The course will enable the participants to:

Recognize the changers that arise in water/steam Cycle of a plant due to impurities in the water. Name the measures that should be undertaken to prevent the damage of the plant due to impure water. Understand the function of the chemical dosing and sampling systems. Describe the items that are required in order to make an informed judgment on the need to chemically clean. Describe the items that are required in order to determine the solvent to be used for chemically cleaning. Identify the source of steam contamination. Evaluate the effect of steam contamination on Steam Turbine performance. Identify those indices that influence cooling water deposition. Identify possible remedies for condenser deposition and corrosion.

COURSE LANGUAGE
English / Bilingual (Upon Request)
________________________________________________________________________________________ APEX FZ-LLC, P.O. Box 502221, Knowledge Village, Dubai, UAE Telephone No.: + 971 4 3622021, Fax No.: + 971 4 3678636 Email: info@apex-dubai.com, Website: www.apex-dubai.com

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COURSE METHODOLGY
Lecture Topics and Handouts, Power Point Presentation for each session. Monitoring and Follow up, Quizzes & Performance Report, and Pre-Test at course beginning & Post Test after course completion.

WHO SHOULD ATTEND?

This course is designed for Process/Operations Engineers, Supervisors, Plant Operators and Maintenance Engineers & Technicians, whose work related to operate and maintain of different types of Power & Water Utilities such as Steam Plant, MSF Desalination Plant.

COURSE OUTLINES Day 1:

Water: Properties, Water Resources, Water Contamination. Water Chemistry, Solutions and Mixtures, Corrosive Properties of Water. Scale Formation: Mechanisms and Chemistry, Boiler Water Quality Requirements. Three Phases of Water Treatment: Pre-treatment, Internal Treatment, Blowdown. Pre-treatment for Control of Scale: Distillation, Reverse Osmosis, Ion Exchange. Distillation: Boiling Water for a Boiler. Introduction to Ion Exchange: Water Chemistry Units, Pre-treatment Requirements of Ion Exchange. Ion Exchange Resins: Synthesis, Types, Water of Hydration, Commercial Equivalents. Ion Exchange Softening: Equipment, Service and Regeneration Reactions, Troubleshooting. Ion Exchange Dealkalizers: Purpose and Comparison. Decarbonators and Degassifiers: Purpose and Comparison. Condensate polishing: Powdered resin Units, Magnetic Filtration, two-Bed Demineralization: Equipment, Service and Regeneration Reactions, Performance Expectations. Two-bed Demineralization (continued): Exhaustion Profiles, Distributor Design,

Day 2:

Day 3:
Regenerant Dilution Systems. Mixed Beds: Makeup Mixed Beds, Condensate Mixed Beds, Performance Expectations, Regeneration Protocols, Three Component Systems, Uniform Particle Size Resins. Troubleshooting Demineralizers: Short Run, Poor Water Quality, Resin Problems. Resin Testing: Vessel Inspection, Sample Procurement, Interpretation of Resin analysis, Decision to clean or replace. Pre-treatment for Corrosion Control: Requirements for Different Boilers. Oxygen control: Deaeration, types of deaerators.
APEX FZ-LLC, P.O. Box 502221, Knowledge Village, Dubai, UAE Telephone No.: + 971 4 3622021, Fax No.: + 971 4 3678636 Email: info@apex-dubai.com, Website: www.apex-dubai.com

________________________________________________________________________________________

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Deaeration: Operating Sequences, Problems, Temperature Guidelines.

Day 4:
Principles of Internal Treatment: Boiler Design and Heat Flux, Circulation. Corrosion Control: Cast Iron Boilers, Oxygen control: Chemical scavenging. Corrosion Control (continued): High Pressure - Coordinated Phosphate / pH, Congruent control, Hydrazine. Deposition Control: Low pressure - Phosphates, Chelants, Dispersants. Deposition Control (continued): Iron Deposition, Dispersants. Boiler Systems Testing: Sampling and analysis Carry-over Control: Carryover Mechanisms, Steam Purification, Monitoring carryover, clean steam systems. Boiler Calculations: Cycles of Operation, Blowdown Monitoring Chemical Cleaning of Boilers: Commissioning Cleaning, Deposit Monitoring, Deposit Removal. Condensate Corrosion: Corrosion Mechanisms, Amine Treatment, Testing. Heat Recovery Steam Generators: Flow and Load Considerations, Failure analysis: Boiler Tube Failure Modes, Metallurgical Analysis, Metallurgical Workshop. Boiler tube testing: Destructive Sampling and Non-destructive Testing Methods, Visual Boiler Inspection.

Day 5:

COURSE TIMING
The course will commence promptly at 08:00, each day will conclude at 15:00 with three short breaks for refreshments and lunch.

CERTIFICATES
Attendance Certificate will be issued to those who attend 80 % of the course and Competency Certificate will be issued to those successfully pass the final test of the course and get 85 % and above of the total score.

COURSE INSTRUCTORS
Our Instructors are highly qualified and experienced professional. They combine long and rich practical experience with high level of teaching experiences. Also they will respond to your participant's questions and inquiries.

(More details up to request)

________________________________________________________________________________________ APEX FZ-LLC, P.O. Box 502221, Knowledge Village, Dubai, UAE Telephone No.: + 971 4 3622021, Fax No.: + 971 4 3678636 Email: info@apex-dubai.com, Website: www.apex-dubai.com

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