Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Personal life
Born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, New york. His father, James Roosevelt, was a businessman from wealthy family and his mother, Sara Ann Delano also from a wealthy family. He was their only child. Becouse his family was very, very wealthy they divided their time between Hyde Park, a townhouse in New York City, and their summer home in Maine Franklin had a normal upper-class upbringing for his place and time - private tutors at home, riding lessons from an early age. Roosevelt went Harward University and Columbia Law School. On St. Patrick's Day, 1905, he married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt. She was the niece of Frenklin's idol, Theodore Roosevelt. They had six children, but one of sons died in infancy. He died in office on April, 12, 1945 for a massive cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 63. He was one of the eight president US who died in office and his death shook the American public and around the world. The shock was teherefore so big for is declining health had not been known to the general public.

Politic career
Franklin worked for several years as a clerik in a Wall Street law firm. He entered politics in 1910, won the election to the New York Senate as a democratic politician. During the years of World War One Franklin was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy by Woodrow Wilson, where he achieved a reputation as a capable young administrator. In 1920 resigned as Assistant secretary of the Navy to run for Vice President bute unsuccessfully. A year later, at the age of 39, Roosevelt contracted polio, which resulted in permanent paralysis from the waist down. He moved to a spa in Warm Springs, Goergia where he tried a wide range of therapies, including hydrotherapy. He was a strong personality and a never accept that he was permanently paralyzed. With the support of his wife he gradually was able to stand up and returned to work. Druring the first years after polio, he maintained contacts with the Democratic Party and in 1928, Roosevelt was elected governor of New York and the victory gave him confidence that his political star was rising. As governor, he believed in progressive government and instituted a number of new social programs.

He was elected President in November 1932, to the first of four terms. Roosevelt took office by March of 1933. At that time there were 13,000,000 unemployed, and hundreds of banks were closed. America has called for a new direction. He ran the program with the three "R" - relief, recovery, reform. On July 2, 1932, FDR made his famous promise of a "New Deal", the economic reform, for the American people in his speech accepting the Democratic party nomination for President. New deals was reaction to the economic collapse From 1929 to 1933. manufacturing output decreased by one third, Prices fell by 20%, Unemployment in the US increased from 4% to 25% and one-third of all employed persons were downgraded to working part-time on much smaller paychecks. It means, that almost half of the nation's human work-power was going unused. The New Deal is generally considered to have consisted of two phases in which was a series of economic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936. Took action to bring about immediate economic relief as well as reforms in industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labour, and housing, vastly increasing the scope of the federal governments activities. By 1936, the economy showed signs of improvement. Gross national product was up 34 percent, and unemployment had dropped from 25 percent to 14 percent. But Franklin Roosevelt met with increasing criticism for increased government spending, unbalanced budgets, and what some perceived as moving the country toward socialism. Several New Deal acts were declared unconstitutional by the U.S. In foreign policyof Roosevelt' his first term was the Good Neighbor Policy , which was a reevaluation of US policy towards Latin America and In December 1933, Roosevelt signed the Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, renouncing the right to intervene unilaterally in the affairs of Latin American countries. Roosevelt was contraversial but extremely populor with the voters and won reelection by a huge margin in 1936. In his second term as a president US he sought legislation to enlarge the Supreme Court but he lost the Supreme Court battle, nevertheless a revolution in constitutional law took place. Thereafter the Governement could legally regulate the economy. He also sought through neutrality legislation to keep the United States out of the war in Europe, yet at the same time to strengthen nations threatened or attacked. When World War II broke out in 1939, Roosevelt rejected the Wilsonian neutrality stance and sought ways to assist Britain and France militarily.

His attitude changed when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, in session of Congess declared war on Japan. In the year 1940 Theodor D. Roosevelt tried to obtain a third non-consecutive term. He defeated Wendell L. Willkie and won the election with 55% of the popular vote and 38 of the 48 states. This tird term was dominated by World War II. Roosevelt was commander in chief. He helped develop a strategy for defeating German armady in Europe through a series of invasions from which the most important was the D-Day invasion of Europe in 1944. At the same time, Allied forces rolled back Japan in Asia and the eastern Pacific. Presidents health had started worsen the stress of war, in march 1944, hospital test indicated he had artherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure. In spite of this, and because the country was deeply involved in war, there was no question that Roosevelt would run for another term as president in the White House. He selected Missouri Senator Harry S. Truman as his running mate, and together they defeated Republican candidate Thomas E. Dewey, carrying 36 of the 48 states. He was the frist president who leave the country during the war. Roosevelt met with Churchill and the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek at the Cairo Conference in November 1943, and then went to the Tehran Conference to confer with Churchill and Stalin. Stalin pomised to support Roosevelt's plan for the United Nations and promised to enter the war against Japan 90 days after Germany was defeated. In February 1945, Franklin Roosevelt attended the Yalta Conference with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin to discuss post-war reorganization. When he returned from Yalta, his health rappidly deteriorated and on April 12, 1945, Georgia, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage. less than a month before Germany's unconditional surrender. I chose Franklin D. Roosevelet becouse he was the only president to be elected for four terms so that he was in office longer that any other president, was the first president to speak on television, was a native organiser and brought many news ideas in US policy. Not since Abraham Lincoln's 1861 inauguration had an icoming US president faced so comprehensive a crisis as Franklin D. Roosevelt. At that time The US banking system was crumbling, millions of Americans were unemployed, international relations were strained, and efforts to reverse the Great Depression's effects and getting the U.S. economy moving again.