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BI GII CHI TIT PHNG TRNH H PHNG TRNH . GIP N THI I HC
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1/ Gii phng trnh: x x x x x
2
2 3 1 3 2 2 5 3 16 + + + = + + + .

Gii: t t x x 2 3 1 = + + + > 0. (2) x 3 =

2/ Gii bt phng trnh:
x x
x
1
2 2 1
0
2 1
+
>

Gii: x 0 1 < s

3/ Gii phng trnh: x x x
8
4 8
2
1 1
log ( 3) log ( 1) 3log (4 )
2 4
+ + = .

Gii: (1) x x x ( 3) 1 4 + = x = 3; x = 3 2 3 +
4/ Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim x 0; 1 3
(
e +

:

( )
m x x x x
2
2 2 1 (2 ) 0 + + + s (2)

Gii: t
2
t x 2x 2 = + . (2)
s s s e +
+
2
t 2
m (1 t 2),dox [0;1 3]
t 1

Kho st
2
t 2
g(t)
t 1
=
+
vi 1 s t s 2. g'(t)
2
2
t 2t 2
0
(t 1)
+ +
= >
+
. Vy g tng trn [1,2]
Do , ycbt bpt
2
t 2
m
t 1
s
+
c nghim t e [1,2]
| | t
m g t g
1;2
2
max ( ) (2)
3
e
s = =

5/ Gii h phng trnh :
x x y y
x y x y
4 2 2
2 2
4 6 9 0
2 22 0
+ + =
+ + =
(2)

Gii: (2)
2 2 2
2 2
( 2) ( 3) 4
( 2 4)( 3 3) 2 20 0
+ =
+ + + =
x y
x y x
. t
2
2
3
=
x u
y v

Khi (2)
2 2
4
. 4( ) 8
+ =
+ + =
u v
u v u v

2
0
=
u
v
hoc
0
2
=
u
v

2
3
=
x
y
;
2
3
=
x
y
;
2
5
x
y
;
2
5
x
y

6/ 1) Gii phng trnh:
2 1 1 1
5.3 7.3 1 6.3 9 0
x x x x +
+ + = (1)
2) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m h phng trnh sau c 2 nghim phn bit:
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x x
x x a
x x m b
2
3
3 3
2
2
( 2 5)
log ( 1) log ( 1) log 4 ( )
log ( 2 5) log 2 5 ( )
+
+ >
+ =

Gii: 1) t 3 0
x
t = > . (1)
2
5 7 3 3 1 0 + = t t t
3 3
3
log ; log 5
5
= = x x
2)
2
3
3 3
2
2
( 2 5)
log ( 1) log ( 1) log 4 ( )
log ( 2 5) log 2 5 ( )
+
+ >
+ =
x x
x x a
x x m b

- Gii (a) 1 < x < 3.
- Xt (b): t
2
2
log ( 2 5) = + t x x . T x e (1; 3) t e (2; 3).
(b)
2
5 = t t m. Xt hm
2
( ) 5 = f t t t , t BBT
25
; 6
4
| |
e
|
\ .
m
7/ Gii h phng trnh:
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 18
4 6
+ =
+ =
x y y
x y x y

Gii: (2)
x
y
x x
y y
3
3
3
(2 ) 18
3 3
2 . 2 3
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| |
+ =
|
\ .
. t a = 2x; b =
y
3
. (2)
a b
ab
3
1
+ =

H cho c nghim:
3 5 6 3 5 6
; , ;
4 4
3 5 3 5
| | | |
+
| |
| |
+
\ . \ .

8/ Gii bt phng trnh sau trn tp s thc:
1 1
2 3 5 2
s
+ x x x
(1)
Gii: - Vi
1
2
2
s < x : 2 3 0, 5 2 0 + < > x x x , nn (1) lun ng
- Vi
1 5
2 2
< < x : (1) 2 3 5 2 + > x x x
5
2
2
s < x
Tp nghim ca (1) l
1 5
2; 2;
2 2
| |
=
| |

. .
S
9/ Gii h phng trnh:
2
2
1 ( ) 4
( 1)( 2)
+ + + =
+ + =
x y y x y
x y x y
(x, y e )
Gii: (2)
2
2
2
1
2 2
1
1
1
( 2) 1 2 1
+
+ + = +

+

+ = + =
x
y x
x
y
y
x
y x y x
y

1
2
=
x
y
hoc
2
5
=
x
y

10/ Gii bt phng trnh: ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Gii: BPT
2 2
2 2 2
log log 3 5(log 3) (1) > x x x
t t = log
2
x. (1)
2
2 3 5( 3) ( 3)( 1) 5( 3) > + > t t t t t t
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2
2
2
1
log 1 1
3
3 4 3 log 4
( 1)( 3) 5( 3)
s
s s
>

< < < <

+ >

t
x t
t
t x
t t t

1
0
2
8 16
< s

< <
x
x

11/Gii phng trnh:
2 2 2 2 2
log ( 1) ( 5)log( 1) 5 0 + + + = x x x x
Gii: t
2
log( 1) + = x y . PT
2 2 2 2
( 5) 5 0 5 + = = v = y x y x y y x ; Nghim: 99999 = x ; x = 0
12/ Gii phng trnh:
3 1
8 1 2 2 1
+
+ =
x x

Gii: t
3 1
2 0; 2 1
+
= > =
x x
u v .
PT
3 3
3 3 2 2
0 1 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 2 ( )( 2) 0
= > + = + =

+ = + = + + + =
u v u v u v
u u v u u v u uv v

2
0
1 5
log
2
=
x
x

13/ Tm m h phng trnh:
( )
2 2
2 2
2
4
+ =
+ =
x y x y
m x y x y
c ba nghim phn bit
Gii: H PT
4 2
2
2
( 1) 2( 3) 2 4 0 (1)
2
1
+ + =
+
=
+
m x m x m
x
y
x
.
- Khi m = 1: H PT
2
2
2
2 1 0
( )
2
1
+ =
+
=
+
x
VN
x
y
x

- Khi m 1. t t = x
2
, 0 > t . Xt
2
( ) ( 1) 2( 3) 2 4 0 (2) = + + = f t m t m t m
H PT c 3 nghim phn bit (1) c ba nghim x phn bit
(2) c mt nghim t = 0 v 1 nghim t > 0
( )
(0) 0
... 2
2 3
0
1
=
=

= >

f
m
m
S
m
.
14/ Tm m h phng trnh c nghim:
1
1 3
+ =
+ =
x y
x x y y m
.
Gii: t , ( 0, 0) = = > > u x v y u v . H PT
3 3
1 1
1 3
+ = + =

= + =

u v u v
uv m u v m
. S:
1
0
4
s s m .
15/ Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim: ( 1) 4( 1)
1
+ =
x
x x x m
x

Gii: t ( 1)
1
x
t x
x
=
. PT c nghim khi
2
4 0 t t m + = c nghim, suy ra 4 m> .

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16/ Gii phng trnh: 3
x
.2x = 3
x
+ 2x + 1
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Gii: Nhn xt; x = 1 l cc nghim ca PT. PT
2 1
3
2 1
+
=
x
x
x
.
Da vo tnh n iu PT ch c cc nghim x = 1.
17/ Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2 2
3 ( )
1 1 4 ( )
+ =
+ + + =
x y xy a
x y b

Gii (b)
2 2 2 2 2
2 ( 1).( 1) 14 2 ( ) 4 11 + + + + = + + + = x y x y xy xy xy (c)
t xy = p.
2
2
3
11
( ) 2 4 11
35
3 26 105 0
3
=
s

+ + =

= + =
p
p
c p p p
p p p

(a) ( )
2
3 3 + = + x y xy - p = xy =
35
3
(loi) - p = xy = 3 2 3 + = x y
1/ Vi
3
3
2 3
=
= =
+ =
xy
x y
x y
2/ Vi
3
3
2 3
=
= =
+ =
xy
x y
x y

Vy h c hai nghim l: ( ) ( ) 3; 3 , 3; 3
2
2 1
2
1
log (4 4 1) 2 2 ( 2)log
2
| |
+ > +
|
\ .
x x x x x
Gii: BPT | | 0 1 ) x 2 1 ( log x
2
< +
1
2
| |
<
|
\ .
x
2
1
x
4
1
< < hoc x < 0
2
2
1 ( ) 4
( 1)( 2)
+ + + =
+ + =
x y x y y
x x y y
(x, y e )
Gii: y = 0 khng phi l nghim. H PT
2
2
1
2 2
1
( 2) 1
+
+ + =
+ =
x
x y
y
x
x y
y

t
2
1
, 2
+
= = +
x
u v x y
y
. Ta c h
2
1
1
+ =
= =
u v
u v
uv

2
1
1
2 1
+
=
+ =
x
y
x y

Nghim ca hpt cho l (1; 2), (2; 5).
20/ Tm m sao cho phng trnh sau c nghim duy nht: ln( ) 2ln( 1) = + mx x
Gii: 1) KX: 1, 0 > > x mx . Nh vy trc ht phi c 0 = m .
Khi , PT
2 2
( 1) (2 ) 1 0 = + + + = mx x x m x (1)
Phng trnh ny c:
2
4 A = m m.
- Vi (0;4) e m A < 0 (1) v nghim.
- Vi 0 = m , (1) c nghim duy nht 1 = x < 0 loi.
- Vi 4 = m , (1) c nghim duy nht x = 1 tho KX nn PT cho c nghim duy nht.
- Vi 0 < m , KX tr thnh 1 0 < < x . Khi 0 A > nn (1) c hai nghim phn bit ( )
1 2 1 2
, < x x x x .
Mt khc, ( 1) 0, (0) 1 0 = < = > f m f nn
1 2
1 0 < < < x x , tc l ch c
2
x l nghim ca phng trnh
cho. Nh vy, cc gi tr 0 < m tho iu kin bi ton.
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- Vi 4 > m . Khi , iu kin xc nh tr thnh x > 0 v (1) cng c hai nghim phn bit
( )
1 2 1 2
, < x x x x . p dng nh l Viet, ta thy c hai nghim ny u dng nn cc gi tr 4 > m cng
b loi.
Tm li, phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht khi v ch khi: { } ( ;0) 4 e m .
2 2
2 2
91 2 (1)
91 2 (2)
+ = +
+ = +
x y y
y x x

Gii: iu kin: x 2 v y 2 : Ly (1) tr (2) v theo v ta c:

2 2 2 2
91 91 2 2 + + = + x y y x y x

2 2
2 2
( )( )
2 2
91 91

= + +
+
+ + +
x y y x
y x y x
y x
x y

2 2
1
( ) 0
2 2
91 91
| |
+
| + + + =
|
+
+ + +
\ .
x y
x y x y
x y
x y

x = y (trong ngoc lun dng v x v y u ln hn 2)
Vy t h trn ta c:
2 2
91 2 + = + x x x

2 2
91 10 2 1 9 + = + x x x

2
2
9 3
( 3)( 3)
2 1
91 10

= + +
+
+ +
x x
x x
x
x
2
1 1
( 3) ( 3) 1 0
2 1
91 10
| | | |
+ = | |
|
+
+ +
\ . \ .
x x
x
x
x = 3
Vy nghim ca h x = y = 3

2 2
log ( 3 1 6) 1 log (7 10 ) + + > x x
Gii: iu kin:
1
10
3
s s x

BPT
2 2
3 1 6
log log (7 10 )
2
+ +
>
x
x

3 1 6
7 10
2
+ +
>
x
x

3 1 6 2(7 10 ) + + > x x

3 1 2 10 8 + + > x x
49x
2
418x + 369 0
1 x
369
49 (tho)

23/ Gii phng trnh:
2 2
2 1 2 ( 1) 2 3 0 + + + + + + + = x x x x x x
Gii:
t:
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 1
2, 0 2
1
2 3
2 3, 0
2
= +
= + > = +

= + + =
= + + >

v u x
u x u u x
v u
v x x x
v x x v

PT
0 ( )
1
( ) ( ) 1 0
1
( ) 1 0 ( ) 2 2
2 2
=
( + | |

+ + =
+ | | | (

+ + + =
\ . |
\ .
v u b
v u
v u v u
v u
v u c

V u > 0, v > 0, nn (c) v nghim.
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Do : PT
2 2
1
0 2 3 2
2
= = + + = + = v u v u x x x x

2 2
3 2 2 3 1 1 + + > x x x x x
Gii: Tp xc nh: D =
{ }
| )
1
; 1 2;
2
| (
+
(
\
- x = 1 l nghim
- x> 2: BPT
2 1 2 1 > + x x x
v nghim
- x
1
2
s
: BPT
2 1 1 2 + > x x x
c nghim x
1
2
s

BPT c tp nghim S=
{ }
1
; 1
2
| (

(
\

25/ Gii phng trnh:
2 2
2( 1) 3 1 2 2 5 2 8 5 + + = + + x x x x x x .
Gii:
iu kin:
1
3
> x
.
PT
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
( 1) 2( 1) 3 1 3 1 2 2 2 5 2 2 1 0
( (
+ + + + + + + + + + + =

x x x x x x x x

26/
Gii h phng trnh:
x x y xy y
x y x y
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0
2
+ =
+ + =

Gii:

x x y xy y
x y x y
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0 (1)
2 (2)
+ =
+ + =
. Ta c: (1)
x y x y
2
( ) ( 4 ) 0 =

x y
x y 4
=

- Vi x = y: (2) x = y = 2
- Vi x = 4y: (2)
x y 32 8 15; 8 2 15 = =

27/ Gii phng trnh: x x x x
2 2 2
3 1 tan 1
6
t
+ = + +
Gii:
PT
x x x x
2 4 2
3
3 1 1
3
+ = + +
(1)
Ch :
x x x x x x
4 2 2 2
1 ( 1)( 1) + + = + + +
,
x x x x x x
2 2 2
3 1 2( 1) ( 1) + = + + +

Do : (1)
x x x x x x x x
2 2 2 2
3
2( 1) ( 1) ( 1)( 1)
3
+ + + = + + +
.
Chia 2 v cho
( )
x x x x
2
2 2
1 1 + + = + +
v t
x x
t t
x x
2
2
1
, 0
1
+
= >
+ +

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Ta c: (1)
t t
2
3
2 1 0
3
+ =

t
t
3
0
2 3
1
3

= <

x x
x x
2
2
1 1
3 1
+
=
+ +

x 1 =
.
+ + =
+ + + =
x x y
x x y xy x
2
3 2 2
5 9
3 2 6 18

Gii: H PT
y x x
x x x x+
2
4 3 2
9 5
4 5 18 18 0
+ =

x y
x y
x y
x y
1; 3
3; 15
1 7; 6 3 7
1 7; 6 3 7
= =
= =
= = +
= + =

29/ Gii bt phng trnh: x x x 3 12 2 1 s + +
Gii: BPT
x 3 4 s s
.
x y xy
x y
2 0
1 4 1 2
+ =
.
Gii : H PT
( )( ) x y x y
x y
2 0
1 4 1 2
+ =
+ =

x y
x y
2 0
1 4 1 2
+ =

x y
y
4
4 1 1
=

x
y
2
1
2
=

x y y
x y x y
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 7 (1)
4 6 (2)
+ =
+ =

Gii:
T (1) y = 0. Khi H PT
x y y
x y xy y
3 3 3
2 2 3
8 27 7
4 6
+ =
+ =

t xy
t t t
3 2
8 27 4 6
=
+ = +

t xy
t t t
3 1 9
; ;
2 2 2
=
= = =

- Vi t
3
2
= : T (1) y = 0 (loi). - Vi t
1
2
= : T (1) x y
3
3
1
; 4
2 4
| |
= =
|
\ .

- Vi t
9
2
= : T (1) x y
3
3
3
; 3 4
2 4
| |
= =
|
\ .

32/ Gii phng trnh:
x x
x x 3 .2 3 2 1 = + +
y x x
x
x
x
2
9 5
1
3
1 7
=

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Gii
PT
x
x x 3 (2 1) 2 1 = + (1). Ta thy x
1
2
= khng phi l nghim ca (1).
Vi x
1
2
= , ta c: (1)
x
x
x
2 1
3
2 1
+
=

x
x
x
2 1
3 0
2 1
+
=

t
x x
x
f x
x x
2 1 3
( ) 3 3 2
2 1 2 1
+
= =

. Ta c:
x
f x x
x
2
6 1
( ) 3 ln3 0,
2
(2 1)
'
= + > =

Do f(x) ng bin trn cc khong
1
;
2
| |
|
\ .
v
1
;
2
| |
+
|
\ .
Phng trnh f(x) = 0 c nhiu nht 1
nghim trn tng khong
1 1
; , ;
2 2
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
.
Ta thy x x 1, 1 = = l cc nghim ca f(x) = 0. Vy PT c 2 nghim x x 1, 1 = = .
33/ Gii phng trnh: x x x x
4
2 2
1 1 2 + + + =
Gii:
iu kin:
x
x x
2
2
1 0
1
>
>
x > 1.
Khi : x x x x x x
4
2 2 2
1 1 1 + + > + > + (do x > 1)
VT >
( )( )
CoSi
x x x x x x x x
4 4 8
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 1 1
+ + > + = 2 PT v nghim.
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
2 2
2
2
1
+ + =
+ =

Gii:
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
2 2
2
2
1 (1)
(2)
+ + =
+ =
. iu kin: x y 0 + > .
(1) x y xy
x y
2
1
( ) 1 2 1 0
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .
x y x y x y
2 2
( 1)( ) 0 + + + + = x y 1 0 + =
(v x y 0 + > nn x y x y
2 2
0 + + + > )
Thay x y 1 = vo (2) ta c: x x
2
1 (1 ) = x x
2
2 0 + =
x y
x y
1 ( 0)
2 ( 3)
= =
= =

Vy h c 2 nghim: (1; 0), (2; 3).
35/ Gii h phng trnh: x x
3
2 3 2 3 6 5 8 0 + =
Gii: iu kin: x
6
5
s . t
u x
v x
3
3 2
6 5

u x
v x
3
2
3 2
6 5
.
Ta c h PT:
u v
u v
3 2
2 3 8
5 3 8
+ =
+ =
. Gii h ny ta c
u
v
2
4
=

x
x
3 2 2
6 5 16
=
x 2 = .
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Th li, ta thy x 2 = l nghim ca PT. Vy PT c nghim x 2 = .
2 2
3 3
2 1
2 2
y x
x y y x

Gii: Ta c: ( )
( )
3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
2 2 2 2 2 5 0 x y y x y x x x y xy y = + + =
Khi 0 y = th h VN.
Khi 0 y = , chia 2 v cho
3
0 y = ta c:
3 2
2 2 5 0
x x x
y y y
| | | | | |
+ + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

t
x
t
y
= , ta c :
3 2
2 2 5 0 1 t t t t + + = =
2
1, 1
1
y x
x y x y
y
=
= = = =

37/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m sao cho h phng trnh
=
+ =
y x m
y xy
2
1
c nghim duy nht.
Gii:
=
+ =
y x m
y xy
2 (1)
1 (2)
.
T (1) = x y m 2 , nn (2) = y my y
2
2 1
s

= +
y
m y
y
1
1
2
(v y = 0)
Xt
( ) ( )
= + = + > f y y f y
y
y
2
1 1
2 ' 1 0
Da vo BTT ta kt lun c h c nghim duy nht > m 2.
( ) x y xy
x y
3 3
2 2
3 4
9

Gii: Ta c :
2 2
9 3 x y xy = = .
- Khi: 3 xy = , ta c:
3 3
4 x y = v ( )
3 3
. 27 = x y
Suy ra: ( )
3 3
; x y l cc nghim ca phng trnh:
2
4 27 0 2 31 X X X = =
Vy nghim ca H PT l:

3 3
2 31, 2 31 x y = + = hoc
3 3
2 31, 2 31 x y = = + .
- Khi: 3 xy = , ta c:
3 3
4 x y = v ( )
3 3
. 27 = x y
Suy ra:
( )
3 3
; x y l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
4 27 0 ( ) + + = X X PTVN
y
x
x y
x
x y
y
2 2
2 2
3
2 1
1
4 22
+ =
+ + =

Gii: iu kin: x y x y
2 2
0, 0, 1 0 = = + =
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t
x
u x y v
y
2 2
1; = + = . H PT tr thnh:
u v u v
u v u v
3 2 3 2
1 1 (1)
1 4 22 21 4 (2)

+ = + =

+ + = =

Thay (2) vo (1) ta c:
v
v v
v v v
2
3
3 2
1 2 13 21 0 7
21 4
2
=
+ = + =
=

- Nu v = 3 th u = 9, ta c H PT:
x y
x x
x y
x
y y
x y
y
2 2
2 2
1 9
3 3
10
1 1 3 3
+ =

= =
+ =
v

= = = =

- Nu v
7
2
= th u = 7, ta c H PT:

y y x y
x y
x
x y
y x x
2 2
2 2
2 2
4 4 1 7
8
53 53
7
7
2 2
2 14 14 2
53 53

= = + = + =

v

=
=

= =

So snh iu kin ta c 4 nghim ca H PT.
( )
2
3 2
2 8
x y xy
x y

Gii:
( )
2
3 2 (1)
2 8 (2)
x y xy
x y
. iu kin : . 0 ; x y x y > >
Ta c: (1)
2
3( ) 4 (3 )( 3 ) 0 = = x y xy x y x y 3
3
y
x y hay x = =
- Vi 3 x y = , th vo (2) ta c :
2
6 8 0 2 ; 4 y y y y + = = =
H c nghim
6 12
;
2 4
x x
y y
= =

= =

- Vi
3
y
x = , th vo (2) ta c :
2
3 2 24 0 y y + = V nghim.
Kt lun: h phng trnh c 2 nghim l:
6 12
;
2 4
x x
y y
= =

= =

2 2
2 2
1 4
( ) 2 7 2
x y xy y
y x y x y
+ + + =
+ = + +

Gii: T h PT 0 y = . Khi ta c:
2
2 2
2 2 2
2
1
4
1 4
.
( ) 2 7 2 1
( ) 2 7
x
x y
y x y xy y
y x y x y x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ + + =

+ = + + +

+ =

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t
2
1
,
x
u v x y
y
+
= = + ta c h:
2 2
4 4 3, 1
2 7 2 15 0 5, 9
u v u v v u
v u v v v u
+ = = = =

= + = = =

- Vi 3, 1 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1, 2 1 1 2 0
2, 5 3 3 3
x y x y x y x x
x y x y y x y x
= = + = + = + =

= = + = = =

.
- Vi 5, 9 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1 9 1 9 9 46 0
5 5 5
x y x y x x
x y y x y x
+ = + = + + =

+ = = =

, h ny v nghim.
Kt lun: H cho c hai nghim: (1; 2), ( 2; 5) .
42/ Gii phng trnh: x x x
2
1 1 4 3 + + = +
Gii: iu kin x 0 > .
PT x x x
2
4 1 3 1 0 + + =
x
x x
x x
2 1
(2 1)(2 1) 0
3 1
+ + =
+ +

x x
x x
1
(2 1) 2 1 0
3 1
| |
+ + =
|
+ +
\ .
x 2 1 0 = x
1
2
= .
43 / Gii h phng trnh:

2
1 2
1 2
2log ( 2 2) log ( 2 1) 6
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1
x y
x y
xy x y x x
y x
+
+
+ + + + =
+ +

Gii: iu kin:
2
2 2 0, 2 1 0, 5 0, 4 0
(*)
0 1 1, 0 2 1
+ + > + > + > + >
< = < + =
xy x y x x y x
x y

H PT

1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
2log [(1 )( 2)] 2log (1 ) 6 log ( 2) log (1 ) 2 0 (1)
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1 log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1 (2)
+ +
+ +
+ + = + + =

+ + + +

x y x y
x y x y
x y x y x
y x y x

t
2
log (1 )
y
x t
+
= th (1) tr thnh:
2
1
2 0 ( 1) 0 1. t t t
t
+ = = =
Vi 1 t = ta c: 1 2 1 (3) = + = x y y x . Th vo (2) ta c:

2
1 1 1
4 4
log ( 4) log ( 4) = 1 log 1 1 2 0
4 4
x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x

+ +
+ + = = + =
+ +

0
2
x
x
=

- Vi x 0 = y 1 = (khng tho (*)).
- Vi x 2 = y 1 = (tho (*)).
Vy h c nghim duy nht 2, 1 x y = = .
( )
x
x x x
x
1
2
2
4 2.2 3 .log 3 4 4
+
>
Gii:BPT
x x x x
x
1
2
(4 2.2 3).log 3 2 4
+
>
x x
x
2
(4 2.2 3).(log 1) 0 + >
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x x
x x
x
x
2
2
2
2
2
2
2.2 3 0
log 1 0
2.2 3 0
log 1 0

>
+ >
<
+ <

x
x
x
x
2
2
2 3
log 1
2 3
log 1
>
>

<
<

x
x
x
x
2
2
log 3
1
2
log 3
1
0
2
>
>
<
< <

x
x
2
log 3
1
0
2
>
< <

45/ Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s a phng trnh sau c nghim duy nht:

x
a x
5 5
log (25 log ) =
Gii: PT
x x
a
5
25 log 5 =
x x
a
2
5
5 5 log 0 =
x
t t
t t a
2
5
5 , 0
log 0 (*)
= >

PT cho c nghim duy nht (*) c ng 1 nghim dng t t a
2
5
log = c ng 1 nghim
dng.
Xt hm s f t t t
2
( ) = vi t e [0; +). Ta c: f t t ( ) 2 1
'
= f t t
1
( ) 0
2
'
= = . f
1 1
2 4
| |
=
|
\ .
, f (0) 0 = .
Da vo BBT ta suy ra phng trnh f t a
5
( ) log = c ng 1 nghim dng

a
a
5
5
log 0
1
log
4
>

a
a
4
1
1
5
>
.
( )
x x x
2 2 2
3 3 3
2log 4 3 log ( 2) log ( 2) 4 + + =
Gii: iu kin:
x
x
2
2
3
4 0
log ( 2) 0
>
+ >

x
x
2
2
4 0
( 2) 1
>
+ >

x
x
2
3
>
(**)
PT
( )
x x x
2
2 2 2
3 3 3
log 4 3 log ( 2) log ( 2) 4 + + =
x x
2 2
3 3
log ( 2) 3 log ( 2) 4 0 + + + = ( )( ) x x
2 2
3 3
log ( 2) 4 log ( 2) 1 0 + + + =
x
2
3
log ( 2) 1 + = x
2
( 2) 3 + = x 2 3 =
Kim tra iu kin (**) ch c x 2 3 = tha mn.
Vy phng trnh c nghim duy nht l: x 2 3 =
x y y x
y x
3 3
2 2
4 16
1 5(1 )
+ = +
+ = +
.
Gii:
x y y x
y x
3 3
2 2
4 16 (1)
1 5(1 ) (2)
+ = +
+ = +

T (2) suy ra y x
2 2
5 4 = (3).
Th vo (1) c: ( ) y x x y y x
2 2 3 3
5 . 16 + = + x x y x
3 2
5 16 0 =
x 0 = hoc x xy
2
5 16 0 =
- Vi x 0 = y
2
4 = y 2 = .
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- Vi x xy
2
5 16 0 =
x
y
x
2
16
5
= (4). Th vo (3) c:
x
x
x
2
2
2
16
5 4
5
| |
= |
\ .

x x x x
4 2 4 2
32 256125 100 + = x x
4 2
124 132 256 0 + = x
2
1 =
x y
x y
1 ( 3)
1 ( 3)
= =
= =
.
Vy h c 4 nghim: (x; y) = (0; 2) ; (0; 2); (1; 3); (1; 3)
x y x y
x y x y
2 8
2 2 2 2
log 3log ( 2)
1 3
+ = +
+ + =

Gii: iu kin: x y x y 0, 0 + > >
H PT
x y x y
x y x y
2 2 2 2
2
1 3
+ = +
+ + =
.
t:
u x y
v x y
= +
ta c h:
u v u v u v uv
u v u v
uv uv
2 2 2 2
2( ) 2 4
2 2
3 3
2 2

= > + = +

+ + + +
= =

u v uv
u v uv
uv
2
2 4 (1)
( ) 2 2
3 (2)
2
+ = +

+ +
=
.
Th (1) vo (2) ta c: uv uv uv uv uv uv uv
2
8 9 3 8 9 (3 ) 0 + + = + + = + = .
Kt hp (1) ta c:
uv
u v
u v
0
4, 0
4
=
= =
+ =
(vi u > v). T ta c: x = 2; y = 2.(tho k)

Kt lun: Vy nghim ca h l: (x; y) = (2; 2).
x
6.5
x
+ 5 = 0
Gii: Cu 2: 1) 25
x
6.5
x
+ 5 = 0
2
(5 ) 6.5 5 0
x x
+ = 5
x
= 1 hay 5
x
= 5
x = 0 hay x = 1.
2 0
1 4 1 2
x y xy
x y
+ =

Gii:
2 0 (1)
1 4 1 2 (2)
x y xy
x y
+ =
iu kin:
1
1
4
x
y
>
>

T (1) 2 0
x x
y y
= x = 4y
Nghim ca h (2;
1
2
)
51/ Tm m bt phng trnh: 5
2x
5
x+1
2m5
x
+ m
2
+ 5m > 0 tha vi mi s thc x.
Gii: t X = 5
x
X > 0
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Bt phng trnh cho tr thnh: X
2
+ (5 + 2m)X + m
2
+ 5m > 0 (*)
Bpt cho c nghim vi mi x khi v ch khi (*) c nghim vi mi X > 0
A < 0 hoc (*) c hai nghim X
1
X
2
0
T suy ra m
52/ Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
3 1 1
3 3
1
log 5 6 log 2 log 3
2
x x x x + + > +
Gii: iu kin: 3 x > ; Phng trnh cho tng ng:
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1
2
3
3 3
1 1 1
log 5 6 log 2 log 3
2 2 2
x x x x

+ + > +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 3 3
1 1 1
log 5 6 log 2 log 3
2 2 2
x x x x + > +
( )( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3
log 2 3 log 2 log 3 x x x x > + (

( )( )
3 3
2
log 2 3 log
3
x
x x
x
| |
> (
|
+
\ .
( )( )
2
2 3
3
x
x x
x
>
+

2
10
9 1
10
x
x
x
<
>
>
Giao vi iu kin, ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l 10 x >

53/ Cho phng trnh ( ) ( )
3
4
1 2 1 2 1 x x m x x x x m + + =
Tm m phng trnh c mt nghim duy nht.
Gii: Phng trnh ( ) ( )
3
4
1 2 1 2 1 x x m x x x x m + + = (1)
iu kin : 0 1 x s s
Nu | | 0;1 xe tha mn (1) th 1 x cng tha mn (1) nn (1) c nghim duy nht th cn c iu kin
1
1
2
x x x = = . Thay
1
2
x = vo (1) ta c:
3
0
1 1
2. 2.
1
2 2
m
m m
m
=
+ =

=

*Vi m = 0; (1) tr thnh:
( )
2
4 4
1
1 0
2
x x x = = Phng trnh c nghim duy nht.
* Vi m = -1; (1) tr thnh
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
4
4
2 2
4 4
1 2 1 2 1 1
1 2 1 1 2 1 0
1 1 0
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x
+ =
+ + + =
+ =

+ Vi
4 4
1
1 0
2
x x x = = + Vi
1
1 0
2
x x x = =
Trng hp ny, (1) cng c nghim duy nht.

* Vi m = 1 th (1) tr thnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
4 4
4
1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 x x x x x x x x x x + = =
Ta thy phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim
1
0,
2
x x = = nn trong trng hp ny (1) khng c nghim duy nht.
Vy phng trnh c nghim duy nht khi m = 0 v m = -1.
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54/ Gii phng trnh : ( ) ( )
2 3
4 8
2
log 1 2 log 4 log 4 x x x + + = + +
Gii: ( ) ( )
2 3
4 8
2
log 1 2 log 4 log 4 x x x + + = + + (2)
iu kin:
1 0
4 4
4 0
1
4 0
x
x
x
x
x
+ =
< <
>

=
+ >
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
(2) log 1 2 log 4 log 4 log 1 2 log 16
log 4 1 log 16 4 1 16
x x x x x
x x x x
+ + = + + + + =
+ = + =

+ Vi 1 4 x < < ta c phng trnh
2
4 12 0 (3) x x + = ;
( )
2
(3)
6
x
x
=
loi

2
4 20 0 x x = (4);
( )
( )
2 24
4
2 24
x
x
=

= +
loi
; Vy phng trnh cho c hai nghim l 2 x = hoc
( )
2 1 6 x =
55/ 1). Gii phng trnh: 2x +1 +x ( )
2 2
2 1 2x 3 0 x x x + + + + + =
2) Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
1
4 2 2 2 1 sin 2 1 2 0
x x x x
y
+
+ + + =
.
3) Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
1 2
9 1 10.3
x x x x + +
+ > .

Gii
1) Gii phng trnh : 2x +1 +x
( )
2 2
2 1 2x 3 0 x x x + + + + + = . (a)
* t:
= +

= + > = +

= + + =
= + + >

2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
v u 2x 1
u x 2, u 0 u x 2
v u 1
v x 2x 3 x
v x 2x 3, v 0
2

Ta c:
| | | | | | | |

+ + + = + + + =
| | | |
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
=
(
| | +

+ + =
| | +
( |

+ + + =
\ . |

\ .
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
v u 1 v u 1 v u u v u v
(a) v u .u 1 .v 0 v u .u .v 0
2 2 2 2 2 2
v u 0 (b)
v u 1
(v u) (v u) 1 0
v u 1
(v u) 1 0 (c) 2 2
2 2

V u > 0, v > 0, nn (c) v nghim.
Do :
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= = + + = + + + = + =
2 2 2 2
1
(a) v u 0 v u x 2x 3 x 2 x 2x 3 x 2 x
2

Kt lun, phng trnh c nghim duy nht: x =
1
2
.
2) Gii phng trnh
( ) ( )
1
4 2 2 2 1 sin 2 1 2 0
x x x x
y
+
+ + + = (*)
Ta c: (*)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2
2 1 sin 2 1 0(1)
2 1 sin 2 1 os 2 1 0
os 2 1 0(2)
x x
x x x
x
y
y c y
c y
+ + =
+ + + + =

+ =

T (2)
( )
sin 2 1 1
x
y + = .
Khi
( )
sin 2 1 1
x
y + = , thay vo (1), ta c: 2
x
= 0 (VN)
Khi
( )
sin 2 1 1
x
y + = , thay vo (1), ta c: 2
x
= 2 x = 1.
Thay x = 1 vo (1) sin(y +1) = -1 1 ,
2
y k k Z
t
t = + e .
Kt lun: Phng trnh c nghim: 1; 1 ,
2
k k Z
t
t
| |
+ e
|
\ .
.
2 2
1 2
9 1 10.3
x x x x + +
+ > . t
2
3
x x
t
+
= , t > 0.
Bt phng trnh tr thnh: t
2
10t + 9 > 0 ( t s 1 hoc t > 9)
Khi t s 1
2
2
3 1 0 1 0
x x
t x x x
+
= s + s s s .(i)
Khi t > 9
2
2
2
3 9 2 0
1
x x
x
t x x
x
+
s
= > + >

>
(2i)
Kt hp (i) v (2i) ta c tp nghim ca bpt l: S = (- ; -2][-1;0][1; + ).

56/ Gii phng trnh, h phng trnh:
1.
( )
3
log
1
2 2
2
x
x x x
| |
=
|
\ .
; 2.
2 2
2 2
12
12
x y x y
y x y
+ + =

Gii: 1) Phng trnh cho tng ng:
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3
3
log
log
3
2 0
2 2 0
1
1
1
log ln 0
ln 0
1
2
2
2
2
2
2 0
x
x
x
x x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
= = =
| | | | | |
=
= = |
|
|

\ . \ . \ .
>
> >
3
2
2 2
log 0
1 1
2
1 1 3
ln 0 1
2 2 2
2 2
2
x
x x
x
x x
x
x x x
x x
x
= = =

= = =
=
| |

= = =

|
\ .

> >
>
iu kin: | | | | x y >
t
2 2
; 0 u x y u
v x y
= >
= +
; x y = khng tha h nn xt x y = ta c
2
1
2
u
y v
v
| |
=
|
\ .
.
2) H phng trnh cho c dng:

2
12
12
2
u v
u u
v
v
+ =
| |
=
|
\ .
4
8
u
v
=
hoc
3
9
u
v
=

+
2 2
4
4
8
8
u
x y
v
x y
= =

=
+ =
(I)
+
2 2
3
3
9
9
u
x y
v
x y
= =

=
+ =
(II) Gii h (I), (II). Sau hp cc kt qu li, ta c tp nghim ca h

phng trnh ban u l ( ) ( ) { }
5;3 , 5; 4 S = Sau hp cc kt qu li, ta c tp nghim ca h phng
trnh ban u l ( ) ( ) { }
5;3 , 5; 4 S =
= + +
= + + +
y y x x
y y x y x
) 2 )( 1 (
4 ) ( 1
2
2
(x, y e )
Gii:
2) H phng trnh t- ng - ng vi
2
2
1
( 2) 2
1
( 2) 1
x
x y
y
x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ =
t 2 y x v ,
y
1 x
u
2
+ =
+
=
Ta c h 1 v u
1 uv
2 v u
= =
=
= +
Suy ra
= +
=
+
1 2 y x
1
y
1 x
2
.
Gii h trn ta - c nghim ca hpt cho l (1; 2), (-2; 5)
58 / Tm cc gi tr ca tham s thc m sao cho phng trnh sau c nghim thc:
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2 2
1 1 1 1
9 ( 2)3 2 1 0
x x
m m
+ +
+ + + = (1)
Gii: * k [-1;1] xe , t t =
2
1 1
3
x +
; [-1;1] xe [3;9] t e
Ta c: (1) vit li
2
2 2
2 1
( 2) 2 1 0 ( 2) 2 1
2
t t
t m t m t m t t m
t
+
+ + + = = + =

Xt hm s f(t) =
2
2 1
2
t t
t
+
, vi [3;9] t e . Ta c:
2
/ /
1
4 3
( ) , ( ) 0
3 ( 2)
t
t t
f t f t
t t
=
+
= =

=

Lp bng bin thin
t 3 9
f
/
(t) +

f(t)

48
7

4

Cn c bng bin thing, (1) c nghim [-1;1] xe (2) c nghim [3;9] t e
48
4
7
m s s
59/ Gii phng trnh:
2 3 3
1 1 1
4 4 4
3
log x 2 3 log 4 x log x 6
2

Gii: bt phng trnh:
)
7
1
( log ) 5 4 ( log
2
1
2
1
2
2
+
> +
x
x x (1)
k:
>
+ e
> +
> +
7
) ; 1 ( ) 5 ; (
0 7
0 5 4
2
x
x
x
x x
) 1 ( ) 5 ; 7 ( + e x
T (1)
7
1
log 2 ) 5 4 ( log
2
2
2
+
> +
x
x x
2 2 2 2
2 2
log ( 4 5) log ( 7) 4 5 14 49
27
10 54
5
x x x x x x x
x x
+ > + + > + +
> <

Kt hp iu kin: Vy BPT c nghim: )
5
27
; 7 (

e x
= + +
= +
2 2
1
3 2 2
3 3
y xy y x
y x

Gii:

= +
= +
= + +
= +
) 2 ( 0 2 2
) 1 ( 1
2 2
1
2 2 3 3
3 3
3 2 2
3 3
xy y x y x
y x
y xy y x
y x

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y 0 = . Ta c:
= +
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
= +
) 4 ( 0 1 2 2
) 3 ( 1
2 3
3 3
y
x
y
x
y
x
y x

t : t
y
x
= (4) c dng : 2t
3
t
2
2t + 1 = 0 t = , 1 t =
2
1
.
a) Nu t = 1 ta c h
3
3 3
2
1 1
= =
=
= +
y x
y x
y x

b) Nu t = -1 ta c h
=
= +
y x
y x 1
3 3
h v nghim.
c) Nu t =
2
1
ta c h
3
3 2
,
3
3
2
1
3 3
3 3
= =
=
= +
y x
x y
y x

61/ Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim thc:
m x x = +
4 2
1

Gii: D = [0 ; + )
*t f(x) =
x
x
x
x
x x
x x
x x x
x
x
x
x f x x
. )
1
1 ( 2
)
1
1 (
. ) 1 ( 2
) 1 (
2
1
) 1 ( 2
) ( ' 1
4
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
2
3
2
3
4
3 2
4
3 2
4
3 2
4 2
+
+
=
+
+
=
+
= +
Suy ra: f(x) = ) ; 0 ( 0
. )
1
1 ( 2
)
1
1 ( 1
4
3
2
4
3
2
+ e <
+
+
x
x
x
x

* 0
) 1 )( 1 (
1
lim
1
1
lim ) 1 ( lim
2 4 2
2 2
4 2
2
4 2
=
(
(
+ + + +
+
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+
= +
+ + +
x x x x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x x

* BBT x 0 +
f(x)

f(x) 1

0

Vy: 0 < m 1 s
3 log 3 log
3
x x
<
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Gii: K :
=
=
>
3
1
0
x
x
x
Bt phng trnh tr thnh :
0
1 log
1
log
1
1 log
1
log
1
3
log
1
log
1
3 3 3 3
3
3
<
< <
x x x x
x
x

1 log 0 log 0 ) 1 (log log 0
) 1 (log log
1
3 3 3 3
3 3
> v < > <
x x x x
x x

* 1 0 log
3
< < x x kt hp K : 0 < x < 1
* 3 0 log
3
> > x x
Vy tp nghim ca BPT: x ) ; 3 ( ) 1 ; 0 ( + e
63/ .Gii bt phng trnh
) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x

Gii: K:
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt ph-ng trnh cho t-ng -ng vi ) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x,
2.BPT (1)
) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
Vy BPT cho c tp
nghim l: ) 16 ; 8 ( ]
2
1
; 0 (
64/ Gii h phng trnh
2 2
2 2
91 2 (1)
91 2 (2)
x y y
y x x
+ = +
+ = +

Gii: iu kin: x 2 v y 2 : Ly (1) tr (2) v theo v ta c:

2 2 2 2
91 91 2 2 x y y x y x + + = +

2 2
2 2
( )( )
2 2
91 91
x y y x
y x y x
y x
x y

= + +
+
+ + +

2 2
1
( ) 0
2 2
91 91
x y
x y x y
x y
x y
| |
+
| + + + =
|
+
+ + =
\ .

x = y (trong ngoc lun dng v x vay u ln hn 2)
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Vy t h trn ta c:
2 2
91 2 x x x + = +
2 2
91 10 2 1 9 x x x + = +
2
2
9 3
( 3)( 3)
2 1
91 10
x x
x x
x
x

= + +
+
+ +
2
1 1
( 3) ( 3) 1 0
2 1
91 10
x x
x
x
| | | |
+ =
| |
|
+
+ +
\ . \ .

x = 3
Vy nghim ca h x = y = 3
65/ Gii phng trnh:
3 3
x 34 x 3 1 + =

t
3 3
u x 34, v x 3 = + = . Ta c :
( )( )
2 2 3 3
u v 1
u v 1
u v u v uv 37 u v 37
= =

+ + = =

( )
2
u v 1
u v 1
uv 12
u v 3uv 37
=
=

=
+ =

u 3
v 4
u 4
v 3
=

=

Vi u = -3 , v = - 4 ta c : x = - 61
Vi u = 4, v = 3 ta c : x = 30 ; Vy Pt cho c 2 nghim : x = -61 v x = 30
66/ Gii bt phng trnh
) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x

Gii: K:
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt ph-ng trnh cho t-ng -ng vi ) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x,
BPT (1)
) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
Vy BPT cho c tp
nghim l: ) 16 ; 8 ( ]
2
1
; 0 (
67/ .
1. Gii phng trnh:
( ) 3 5 10 3 25 . 3
2 2
= +

x x
x x

2.Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( ) 0 2 cos cos log sin cos log
1
= + + x x x x
x
x
.
( ) ( ) 0 1 3 1 1
2 3
> + + + + + x x x x

Gii:
Gii:
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1.
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) 0 1 5 . 3 3 1 5 . 3 1 5 . 3 5
3 5 10 3 25 . 3
2 2 2 2
2 2
= +
= +

x x x x
x x
x
x x

( )( )
( )
( )
= +
=
= +

2 0 3 5
1 0 1 5 . 3
0 3 5 1 5 . 3
2
2
2 2
x
x
x
x
x x

( ) 3 log 2
3
1
log 2
3
1
5 1
5 5
2
= + = =

x
x
( ) 3 5 2
2
+ =

x
x

V tri l hm ng bin v phi l hm nghch bin m (2) c nghim x = 2 nn l nghim duy nht.
Vy Pt c nghim l: x = 3 log 2
5
v x = 2
2/ ( ) ( ) 0 2 cos cos log sin cos log
1
= + + x x x x
x
x

iu kin:
> +
>
= <
0 2 cos cos
0 sin cos
1 0
x x
x x
x
. Khi Pt
|
.
|
\
|
+ = =
2
cos 2 cos sin 2 cos
t
x x x x
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ + =
3
2
6
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
t t
t
t
t
t
t
t
k
x
k x
k x x
k x x
.
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c:
3
2
6
t t k
x + = (Vi k N* k 3/ 3/
3/. ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 2 3 0 1 3 1 1
2 3 2 3 2 3
> + + + + > + + + + + x x x x x x x x
0 2 3
2
> + + t t t
3
2
1 > + = x x t
2
3
2 2
1 1
1
3 3
2
t
t x x x
t
t
>
> + > >
>
<

x
.2x = 3
x
+ 2x + 1
Gii: Ta thy phng trnh: 3
x
.2x = 3
x
+ 2x + 1 (2) c hai nghim x = 1.
Ta c x =
1
2
khng l nghim ca phng trnh nn
(2)
2 1
3
2 1
x
x
x
+
=

Ta c hm s y = 3
x
tng trn R
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hm s y =
2 1
2 1
x
x
+
lun gim trn mi khong

1 1
; , ;
2 2
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .

Vy Phng trnh (2) ch c hai nghim x = 1
69/ Gii phng trnh:
) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + +
.
Gii: ) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
iu kin:
.
3
1 0 1
0
x
x x
x
>
= < =
>
Bin i theo logarit c s 2 thnh phng trnh

( )( ) ( )
( )
log log .
x
x x x x x x
x
=
+ = = = (

=
2
2 2
1 loai
3 1 4 2 3 0 3
3

70/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s
m
phng trnh sau c nghim duy nht thuc on :
m x x x = + + 1 2 2 1 3
2 3 2
( R me ).
Gii:t
( )
2 3 2
3 1 2 2 1 f x x x x = + +
, suy ra
( ) f x
xc nh v lin tc trn on ;
1
1
2
(
(

.
( ) '
2
2 3 2 2 3 2
3 3 4 3 3 4
1 2 1 1 2 1
x x x x
f x x
x x x x x x
| |
+ +
= = +
|
+ + + +
\ .
.
;
1
1
2
x
(
e
(

ta c
2 3 2
4 3 3 4
3 4 0 0
3
1 2 1
x
x x
x x x
+
> + > + >
+ +
.
Vy:
( ) ' 0 0 f x x = = .Bng bin thin:
( )
( )
' || ||
1
0 1
2
0
1
C
3 3 22
2
4
x
f x
f x

Da vo bng bin thin, ta c:
Phng trnh cho c 1 nghim duy nht thuc ;
1
1
2
(
(

3 3 22
4
2
m

s < hoc 1 m= .
71/ 1.Giai bat phng trnh:

2 2 2
3 2 4 3 2. 5 4 x x x x x x + + + > +

2.Cho phng trnh:

2 2 2 2
4 1 2
2log (2 2 4 ) log ( 2 ) 0 x x m m x mx m + + + =

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Xac nh tham so m e phng trnh (1) co 2 nghiem
1
x
,
2
x
thoa :
2 2
1 2
1 x x + >

Gii: 1) Giai bat phng trnh:
2 2 2
3 2 4 3 2. 5 4 x x x x x x + + + > +
ieu kien:
2
3 2 0
2
4 3 0 1 4
2
5 4 0
x x
x x x x
x x
+ >
+ > s v >
+ >

Ta co:
Bat phng trnh ( 1)( 2) ( 1)( 3) 2 ( 1)( 4) x x x x x x + > (*)
Neu x = 1 th hien nhien (*) ung . Suy ra x=1 la nghiem cua phng trnh
Neu x < 1 th (*) tr thanh : 2 3 2 4 x x x + >
Nhan xet:
2 4
2 3 2 4
3 4
x x
x x x
x x
>
+ <
>
Suy ra Bat phng trnh vo

nghiem.
Neu 4 x > th (*) tr thanh : 2 3 2 4 x x x + >
Nhan xet:
2 4
2 3 2 4
3 4
x x
x x x
x x
>
+ >
>
Suy ra Bat phng trnh ung

4 x > .
Tom lai: Bat phng trnh co nghiem la: 1 4 x x = v > .
2)
2 2 2 2
2log (2 2 4 ) log ( 2 ) 0
4 1
2
x x m m x mx m + + + =

2 2
2 0
2 2 2 2
log (2 2 4 ) log ( 2 ) 0
2 2
2 2
(1 ) 2 2 0
2 2
2 0
2 , 1
1 2
x mx m
x x m m x mx m
x m x m m
x mx m
x m x m
+ >
+ + =

+ + =
+ >

= =

Yeu cau bai toan
2 2
1
1 2
2 2
2 0
1 1
2 2
2 0
2 2
x x
x mx m
x mx m
+ >
+ >
+ >
vi
1
2 x m = , 1
2
x m =

2
5 2 0
2 1
2
4 0 1 0
5 2
2
2 1 0
m m
m m m
m m
>
> < < v < <
+ >

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72/ Gii h phng trnh
2
2 2
1
2 2
2 2
x x
y
y y x y
+ =

Gii: K : 0 y =
h
2
2
1
2 2 0
2 1
2 0
x x
y
x
y y
+ =
+ =
a h v dng
2
2
2 2 0
2 2 0
u u v
v v u
+ =
+ =
2
1
1
1
2 2 0
u v
u v
u v
u v
v v u
=
= =
=

= =
+ =

hoc
3 7 3 7
2 2
,
1 7 1 7
2 2
u u
v v

+
= =

+

= =

T ta c nghim ca h(-1 ;-1),(1 ;1), (
3 7 2
;
2 7 1
), (
3 7 2
;
2 7 1
+
+
)

73/ Gii bt phng trnh
2 3
3 4
2
log ( 1) log ( 1)
0
5 6
x x
x x
+ +
>

Gii: k: x > - 1 ; bt phng trnh
3
3
3
3log ( 1)
2log ( 1)
log 4
0
( 1)( 6)
x
x
x x
+
+
>
+
3
log ( 1)
0
6
x
x
+
<
0 6 x < <
74/ Gii phng trnh:
x x x x x
2
2 3 1 3 2 2 5 3 16 + + + = + + +
.
Gii : t t x x 2 3 1 = + + + > 0. (2) x 3 =

x y x x y
x
xy y y x
y
2 2
4 4 4
2
4 4 4
log ( ) log (2 ) 1 log ( 3 )
log ( 1) log (4 2 2 4) log 1
+ + = +
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .

Gii :
x x=2
vi >0 tuyyva
y y=1
o
o
o
=

=

76/ Gii bt phng trnh: 2 10 5 10 2 x x x + > + (1)
Gii: iu kin: 2 x >
( )
2
1 2 10 2 5 10 2 6 20 1(2) x x x x x x + + > + + > +
Khi 2 x > => x+1>0 bnh phng 2 v phng trnh (2)
( | | )
2 2 2
(2) 2 6 20 2 1 4 11 0 x ; 7 3; x x x x x x + > + + + > e +
Kt hp iu kin vy nghim ca bt phng trnh l: 3 x >
77/ Gii phng trnh:
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2
2 4 1
2
log (x 2) log (x 5) log 8 0 + + + =

Gii: . iu kin: x > 2 v x = 5 (*)
Vi iu kin , ta c phng trnh cho tng ng vi phng trnh:

2 2
2 2
log (x 2) x 5 log 8 (x 2) x 5 8 (x 3x 18)(x 3x 2) 0 ( + = + = =

2
2
x 3x 18 0
3 17
x 3; x 6; x
2
x 3x 2 0
=

= = =

i chiu vi iu kin (*), ta c tt c cc nghim ca phng trnh cho l: x 6 = v
3 17
x
2
=
78/ Gii phng trnh:

2 3
16 4
2
14 40 0
x x x
log x log x log x . + =

Gii: Gii phng trnh ( )
2
3 4 2 2 2 1 2 sin x cos x sin x = +
Bin i phng trnh v dng ( ) ( ) 2 3 2 1 2 1 0 sin x sin x sin x + + =
- Do nghim ca phng trnh l
7 2 5 2
2 2
6 6 18 3 18 3
k k
x k ; x k ; x ; x
t t t t t t
t t = + = + = + = +
Gii phng trnh
2 3
16 4
2
14 40 0
x x x
- iu kin:
1 1
0 2
4 16
x ; x ; x ; x . > = = =
- D thy x = 1 l mt nghim ca pt cho Vi 1 x = . t 2
x
t log = v bin i phng trnh v dng
2 42 20
0
1 4 1 2 1 t t t
+ =
+ +
, Gii ra ta c
1 1
2 4
2 2
t ;t x ; x . = = = = Vy pt c 3 nghim x =1;
1
4
2
x ; x . = =
79 / Gii phng trnh

1 2
9 .
4
1
4 . 6 9 .
3
1
4 . 3
+ +
= +
x x x x
.
Gii: Gii phng trnh
1 2
9 .
4
1
4 . 6 9 .
3
1
4 . 3
+ +
= +
x x x x
Bin i phng trnh cho v dng
2 2 2 2
9
3 2 27 3 6 2 3
4
x x x x
. . . . + = T ta thu c
3
2
3 2 2
2 39 39
x
x log
| |
= =
|
\ .

80/ Cho hm s
3
2
sin ) (
2
+ =
x
x e x f
x
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca
) (x f
v chng minh rng
0 ) ( = x f

c ng hai nghim.
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Gii: Ta c
x
f ( x ) e x cos x. ' = + Do ( ) 0
x
f ' x e x cos x. = = + Hm s
x
y e = l hm ng bin;
hm s y x cosx = + l hm nghch bin v 1 0 y' sin x , x = + s . Mt khc 0 = x l nghim ca phng
trnh
x
e x cos x = + nn n l nghim duy nht. Lp bng bin thin ca hm s ( ) y f x = (hc sinh t
lm) ta i n kt lun phng trnh 0 ) ( = x f c ng hai nghim.
T bng bin thin ta c ( ) 2 0 min f x x . = =
81/ 1) Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 3 1
3 5
log log 1 log log 1 x x x x + + > +

Gii:
1)

( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2
1 1
0
2
xy
x y
x y
dk x y
x y x y
+ + =
+
+ >
+ =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 3 2
1 2 1 0 2 2 0
xy
x y xy x y xy x y xy x y
x y
+ + = + + + + =
+

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )( )
2
1 2 1 0
1 1 2 0
x y x y xy x y
x y x y x y xy
+ + + =
+ + + + = (

( )
( )
2 2
1 3
0 4
x y
x y x y
+ =

+ + + =
D thy (4) v nghim

v x+y>0
Th (3) vo (2) ta c
2
1 x y =

Gii h
2
1 1; 0
2; 3 1
x y x y
x y x y
+ = = =

= = =

2)
( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 3 1
3 5
log log 1 log log 1 (1) x x x x + + > +

k: 0 x >
;
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
3 1 3 5
5
2 2 2 2
3 1 5 5
5
1 log log 1 log log 1 0
log log 1 .log 1 0 log 1 1
x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + + + <
| |
+ + + < + + <
|
\ .

( )
2
5
0 log 1 1 x x < + + <
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*)
( )
2
5
0 log 1 0 x x x < + + >
*)
( )
2 2 2
5
12
log 1 1 1 5 1 5 ...
5
x x x x x x x + + < + + < + < <
Vy BPT c nghim
12
0;
5
x
| |
e
|
\ .

87.
1. Gii bt phng trnh
2 2
2 3 5 4 6 x x x x x + s
( x e R).
Gii:iu kin
2
2
2 0
0 2
5 4 6 0
x x
x x
x x
>
> >
>
;Bnh phng hai v ta c

2
6 ( 1)( 2) 4 12 4 x x x x x + s
3 ( 1)( 2) 2 ( 2) 2( 1) x x x x x x + s +
( 2) ( 2)
3 2 2
1 1
x x x x
x x

s
+ +

t
( 2)
0
1
x x
t
x

= >
+
ta c bpt
2
2 3 2 0 t t >
1
2
2
2
t
t
t

s
>
>
( do 0 t > )
Vi
2
( 2)
2 2 6 4 0
1
x x
t x x
x

> > >
+
3 13
3 13
3 13
x
x
x
s
> +
> +

( do 2 x > ) Vy bpt c nghim 3 13 x > +

82/ Gii h phng trnh

Gii: iu kin:
0
0
y x
y
>
>

H phng trnh
( )
4 4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
log log 1 log 1
4
25 25 25
y x y x
y x
y y y
x y x y x y

+ = = =

+ = + = + =

2 2 2 2 2
3
3 3
25
25 9 25
10
x y
x y x y
y x y y y
=
= =

= + = + =

( )
( )
15 5
; ;
10 10
15 5
; ;
10 10
x y
x y
| |
=
|
\ .

| |
=
|
\ .
( loi)
Vy h phng trnh cho v nghim.
83/ Gii hpt :
( )
1 4
4
2 2
1
log log 1
( , )
25
y x
y
x y
x y
+ =
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2
2
3
4 4(( ) 2 )) 7
( )
1
( ) 3
+ + + =
+ + + =
xy x y xy
x y
x y x y
x y

Gii:

2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
3 3
4 4(( ) 2 )) 7 4( ) 4 7
( ) ( )
1 1
( ) 3 ( ) 3
3 3
3( ) (( ) 4 ) 7 3( ) ( 2 ) 7
( ) ( )
1 1
( ) 3 ( ) 3
xy x y xy x y xy
x y x y
x y x y x y x y
x y x y
x y x y xy x y x y xy
x y x y
x y x y x y x y
x y x y

+ + + = + + =

+ +

+ + + = + + + =
+ +

+ + + + = + + + + =

+ +

+ + + = + + + =
+ +
2 2 2 2
2 2
3 1
3( ) ( ) 7 3 ( ) ( ) 7
( ) ( )
1
1
( ) 3
( ) 3
x y x y x y x y
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y
x y
x y
(
+ + + = + + + =
(
+ +

+ + + =
+ + + =
+
+

84/ 1. Gii bt phng trnh :
3 2
2log( 8) 2log( 58) log( 4 4) x x x x + s + + + +
.
2. Gii pt :
3 5 10 3 15.3 50 9 1
x x x x
+ =

Gii:1. k :
3 2
2 2
8 ( 2)( 2 4) 0
58 0 2
4 4 ( 2) 0
x x x x
x x
x x x
+ = + + >
+ > >
+ + = + >

Bpt cho
3 2
log( 8) log(( 58)( 2)) ( 2) 3 54 0 x x x x x x ( + s + + + s

6; 2 9 (0.25) . , : 2 9 (0.25) x x So dk ta co x s s s < s
2.Gii pt : 3 5 10 3 15.3 50 9 1
x x x x
+ =
t :
2
3 5 10 3 ( 0) 5 2 15.3 50 9
x x x x
t t t = + > = +
Ta c pt :
2
3( )
2 3 0 (0.25)
1( )
t nhan
t t
t loai
=
=

=

2 2
2
3
3 3 5 10 3 3. : 3 ( 0).
: 9 5 2 15. 50 15. 50 2
2 9 3 9
15 54 0
log 6 6
3 6
x x x
x
x
t Dat y y
Ta co pt y y y y
x y
y y
x y
= + = = >
= + =
= = =
+ =

= =
=

= + +
= + + + +
+
+
1 ) 4 ( log ) 5 ( log
6 ) 1 2 ( log ) 2 2 ( log 2
2 1
2
2 1
x y
x x y x xy
y x
y x

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Gii: h phng trnh:
= + +
= + + + +
+
+
1 ) 4 ( log ) 5 ( log
6 ) 1 2 ( log ) 2 2 ( log 2
2 1
2
2 1
x y
x x y x xy
y x
y x

K
= >
= < <
1 ; 2
0 , 1 4
y y
x x

- a phng trnh th nht ca h v dng: ( ) 2 1 log ) 2 ( log
2 1
= + +
+
x y
y x

t ) 2 ( log
1
y t
x
+ =

, tm - c t = 1, kt hp vi phng trnh th hai ca h,i chiu vi iu kin trn,
tm - c nghim ( ) ( ) 1 ; 2 ; = y x .

86/ Gii phng trnh: ( ) x x x 4 log 1 log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
2
8
4
2
= + + .
Gii: Gii phng trnh: ( ) x x x 4 log 1 log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
2
8
4
2
= + + .
87/ 1/.Gii h phng trnh:
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 18 (1)
4 6 (2)
x y y
x y x y
+ =
+ =

Gii: h phng trnh:
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 18 (1)
4 6 (2)
x y y
x y x y
+ =
+ =

(1) y = 0
H
3
3
3
3
2
2
27
3
8 18
(2 ) 18
4 6
3 3 1
2 . 2 3
x
x
y
y
x x
x x
y y
y y
| |
+ =
+ =
|

\ .

| |

+ =
+ =
|

\ .

t a = 2x; b =
3
y
. Ta c h:
3 3
3 18
1 ( ) 3
a b a b
ab ab a b
+ = + =

= + =

H cho c 2 nghim
3 5 6 3 5 6
; , ;
4 4 3 5 3 5
| | | | +
| |
\ . \ . +

88/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s thc m sao cho phng trnh sau c nghim thc:
(m - 3) x + ( 2- m)x + 3 - m = 0. (1)
Gii: Tm cc gi tr ca tham s thc m sao cho phng trnh sau c nghim thc:
(m - 3) x + ( 2- m)x + 3 - m = 0. (1)
k x > 0. t t = x ; t > 0
(1) tr thnh (m3)t+(2-m)t
2
+3-m = 0
2
2
2 3 3
1
t t
m
t t
+
=
+
(2)
Xt hm s f(t) =
2
2
2 3 3
1
t t
t t
+
+
(t > 0)
Lp bng bin thin
(1) c nghim (2) c nghim t > 0
5
3
3
m s s
89/ Gii phng trnh: ) 1 2 ( log 1 ) 1 3 ( log 2
3
5
5
+ = + x x .
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Gii: Gii phng trnh: ) 1 2 ( log 1 ) 1 3 ( log 2
3
5
5
+ = + x x .
iu kin .
3
1
> x (*)
Vi k trn, pt cho ) 1 2 ( log 3 1 ) 1 3 ( log
5
2
5
+ = + x x

3 2
3
5
2
5
) 1 2 ( ) 1 3 ( 5
) 1 2 ( log ) 1 3 ( 5 log
+ =
+ =
x x
x x

=
=
=
= +
8
1
2
0 ) 1 8 ( ) 2 (
0 4 36 33 8
2
2 3
x
x
x x
x x x

i chiu iu kin (*), ta c nghim ca pt l . 2 = x
90/ . Gii h phng trnh :
= + +
= + +
0 22 2
0 9 6 4
2 2
2 2 4
y x y x
y y x x
.
Gii: Gii h phng trnh :
= + +
= + +
0 22 2
0 9 6 4
2 2
2 2 4
y x y x
y y x x
.
* H phng trnh t- ng - ng vi
= + +
= +
0 22 ) 2 (
4 ) 3 ( ) 2 (
2 2
2 2 2
x y x
y x
2 2 2
2 2
( 2) ( 3) 4
( 2 4)( 3 3) 2 20 0
x y
x y x
+ =
+ + + =

Dat
2
2
3
x u
y v
=
* Thay vo h phng trnh ta c:

2 2
4
. 4( ) 8
u v
u v u v
+ =
+ + =

2
0
u
v
=
hoc
0
2
u
v
=

th vo cch t ta - c cc nghim ca h l :
2
3
x
y
=
;
2
3
x
y
=
;
2
5
x
y
;
2
5
x
y
;
2 2
35 5 4 24 x x x + < + +
Gii: Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
35 5 4 24 x x x + < + +
BPT tng ng

2 2
2 2
2 2
11
35 24 5 4 5 4
35 24
11 (5 4)( 35 24)
+ + < <
+ + +
< + + +
x x x x
x x
x x x

Xt:
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a)Nu x
4
5
s khng tha mn BPT
b)Nu x>4/5: Hm s
2 2
(5 4)( 35 24) y x x x = + + + vi x>4/5
y
'
=
2 2
2 2
1 1
5( 35 24) (5 4)( )
35 24
x x x
x x
+ + + + +
+ +
>0 mi x>4/5
Vy HSB. +Nu 4/5<xs1 th y(x) s11
+Nu x>1 th y(x)>11 Vy nghim BPT x>1
92/ Tm m h phng trnh:
3 3 2
2 2 2
3 3 2 0
1 3 2 0
x y y x
x x y y m
+ =
+ + =
c nghim thc
Gii: iu kin:
2
2
1 0 1 1
0 2
2 0
x x
y
y y
> s s

s s
>

t t = x + 1 te[0; 2]; ta c (1) t
3
3t
2
= y
3
3y
2
.
Hm s f(u) = u
3
3u
2
nghch bin trn on [0; 2] nn:
(1) t = y y = x + 1 (2)
2 2
2 1 0 x x m + =
t
2
1 v x = ve[0; 1] (2) v
2
+ 2v 1 = m.
Hm s g(v) = v
2
+ 2v 1 t
0;1 0;1
min ( ) 1; m ( ) 2
[ ] [ ]
ax g v g v = =
Vy h phng trnh c nghim khi v ch khi 1 s ms 2

2
2
3
2 3
1 1
(1 ) 4
1
4
x x
y y
x x
x
y y y
+ + + =
+ + =
.
Gii:
h phng trnh:
2
2
3
2 3
1 1
(1 ) 4
1
4
x x
y y
x x
x
y y y
+ + + =
+ + =
.
k 0 y =
2 2
2
2
3 3
3 2 3
1 1 1 1
(1 ) 4 4
1 1 1
( ) 4 4
x x x x
y y y y
x x x
x x x
y y y y y y

+ + + = + + + =

+ + + = + + =

t
1
a x
y
x
b
y
= +

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Ta - c
2 2 2
3 3 2 2
2 4 4 2 4 2 2
1
2 4 ( 4) 4 4 4 0
a a b a a b a a b a
b
a ab a a a a a a
+ = + = + = =

=
= + = + =

Khi
1
1
1 2
x y
y
x x
x
=
=

= + =

KL
94/ Gii phng trnh

2 2
3 3 3
log (x 5x 6) log (x 9x 20) 1 log 8 + + + + + = +
Gii:
2 2
3 3 3
log (x 5x 6) log (x 9x 20) 1 log 8 + + + + + = + (*)
+ iu kin :
2
2
x 5
x 5x 6 0 x 3 x 2
4 x 3
x 5 x 4
x 9x 20 0
x 2
<
+ + > < v >

< <

< v >
+ + >
>
, v c :
3 3
1 log 8 log 24 + =
+ PT (*)
2 2 2 2
3 3
log (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) log 24 (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) 24
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
( + + + + = + + + + =

< v < < v >
< v < < v >

(x 2)(x 3)(x 4)(x 5) 24 (*)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2) (**)
+ + + + =

< v < < v >

+ t
2
t (x 3)(x 4) x 7x 12 (x 2)(x 5) t 2 = + + = + + + + = , PT (*) tr thnh :
t(t-2) = 24
2
(t 1) 25 t 6 t 4 = = v =
- t = 6 :
2 2
x 1
x 7x 12 6 x 7x 6 0
x 6
=
+ + = + + =

=
( tha kin (**))

- t = - 4 :
2 2
x 7x 12 4 x 7x 16 0 + + = + + = : v nghim
+ Kt lun : PT c hai nghim l x = -1 v x = - 6

95/ Cho khai trin
( )
x 1
3 x 1
2
2
8
1
log 3 1
log 9 7
5
2 2

+
+
| |
+
|
\ .
. Hy tm cc gi tr ca x bit rng s hng th 6 trong khai
trin ny l 224

Gii: Ta c : ( )
k 8
8
k 8 k k
8
k 0
a b C a b
=
=
+ =
vi
( )
( )
( )
x 1
3 x 1
2
2
1 1 1
log 3 1
log 9 7 x 1 x 1
5 3 5
a 2 9 7 b 2 3 1 = ;
+
+
= + = = +
+ Theo th t trong khai trin trn , s hng th su tnh theo chiu t tri sang phi ca khai trin l

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 5
1 1
1
5 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
3 5
6 8
T C 9 7 . 3 1 56 9 7 . 3 1

| | | |
= + + = + +
| |
\ . \ .

+ Theo gi thit ta c :
( ) ( )
x 1
1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
x 1
9 7
56 9 7 . 3 1 4 9 7 4(3 1)
3 1
= 224
+
+ + = + = +
+

( )
x 1
2
x 1 x 1
x 1
3 1 x 1
3 4(3 ) 3 0
x 2
3 3
= =
+ =

=
=

96/ Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
log 9 log log 3 2
.3
x
x x x =
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Gii: 1.K: x>0.
Ta c phng trnh
2 2 2 2
log 9 log log 3 log 2 2
.3 3 1
x x
x x x x = = . t
2
log 2
t
x x = .
Phng trnh tr thnh
3 1
3 4 1 1 1 2
4 4
t t
t t
t x
| | | |
= + = = =
| |
\ . \ .

97/ .1.Cho h phng trnh:
2 2
2
1
x xy y m
x y xy m
+ + = +
+ = +

1) Gii h phng trnh vi 3 m= .
2) Tm m h phng trnh c nghim duy nht.
2.Gii h phng trnh sau:
=
+
+
=
+
+ + +
3
1
2
7
) (
3
) ( 4 4
2
2 2
y x
x
y x
y x xy

Gii: 1.Cho h phng trnh:
2 2
2
1
x xy y m
x y xy m
+ + = +
+ = +

1) Gii h phng trnh vi 3 m= .
Nhn thy rng y l h phng trnh i xng loi I. Khi :
t ,
x y S
xy P
+ =
iu kin
2
4 0 S P >
Vit li h phng trnh d- i dng:

( )
( )
2
2
1 1
x y xy m
S P m
SP m x y xy m
+ + = +
+ = +

= + + = +

( ) I
Khi , S P l nghim ca phng trnh bc hai:
( )
2
1
2 1 0
1
t
t m t m
t m
=
+ + + =

= +

1
1
1
1
x y
xy m
x y m
xy
+ =

= +

+ = +

( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
1 1
1 1 2
f u u u m
g u u m u
= + +

= + +

Vi m=-3, ta - c:
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( )
2
1 1; 2
1 2 0
2 2; 1
u x y
u u
u x y
= = =
=

= = =

( )
2
2 1 0 1 1 u u u x y + + = = = =
Vy: vi 3 m= , h phng trnh cho c ba cp nghim l: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 2 , 2; 1 , 1; 1 .
2) Tm m h phng trnh c nghim duy nht.
iu kin cn: Nhn xt rng nu h c nghim ( )
0 0
; x y th ( )
0 0
; y x cng l nghim ca h, do h c
nghim duy nht khi
0 0
x y = .
Khi :

2 3
0 0 0
3 3 2
0 0 0 0
1
2 2 2 1
3
2 1 2 2 1 0
3
4
m
x x m m x
m
x m x x x
m
=
+ = + =

=

= + + =

=

iu kin :
+Vi 1 m = , ta - c:
( )
( )
( )
3
2
xy x y
I
xy x y
+ + =

+ =

Khi , x y l nghim ca phng trnh:

( )
2
1
2 1
3 2 0 1
2 2
1
x y
vn
xy t
t t x y
t x y
xy
+ =

= =
+ = = =

= + =

l nghim duy nht ca h.
+Vi 1 m= , ta c:
( )
( )
( )
1
0
xy x y
I
xy x y
+ + =

+ =
. Nhn thy h lun c cp nghim ( ) 0;1 v ( ) 1; 0 .

+Vi
3
4
m = , ta c:
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( )
( )
( )
5
4
1
4
xy x y
I
xy x y
+ + =
+ =

Khi x y + v xy l nghim ca phng trnh:

( )
2
1
1
1
5 1 1 4
0
1
4 4 2 1
4
4
1
x y
xy t
t t x y
t
x y
vn
xy
+ =
= =

+ = = =
+ =

=

l nghim duy nht ca h.
Vy: vi 1 m = hoc
3
4
m = h cho c nghim duy nht.
2. Gii h phng trnh sau:
=
+
+
=
+
+ + +
3
1
2
7
) (
3
) ( 4 4
2
2 2
y x
x
y x
y x xy

K: x + y = 0
Ta c h
2 2
2
3
3( ) ( ) 7
( )
1
3
x y x y
x y
x y x y
x y
+ + + =
+ + + =

t u = x + y +
1
x y +
( 2 u > ) ; v = x y ta c h :
2 2
3 13
3
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

Gii h ta c u = 2, v = 1 do ( 2 u > )
T gii h
1
2 1 1
1 0
1
x y x y x
x y
x y y
x y
+ + = + = =
+

= =

103.1. Gii h phng trnh:
1 1 4
6 4 6
x y
x y
+ + =
+ + + =

Gii: 1. iu kin: x>-1, y>1
Cng v theo v ri tr v theo v ta c h
1 6 1 4 10
6 1 4 1 2
x x y y
x x y y
+ + + + + + =
+ + + + =

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t u= 1 6 x x + + + , v = 1 4 y y + + . Ta c h
10
5 5
2
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

{
5
5
u
v
=
=

{
3
5
x
y
=
=
l nghim ca h
98/ 1. Tm a bt phng trnh sau c nghim:
2
1 1
3 3
log 1 log ( ) x ax a + > +
2.Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
log log
3 1 . 3 1 1
x x
x x + + = +
Gii:1.iu kin: ax + a > 0 ; Bpt tng ng
2
1 ( 1) x a x + < +
Nu a>0 th x +1 >0.Ta c
2
1
1
x
a
x
+
<
+

Nu a<0 th x +1 <0.Ta c
2
1
1
x
a
x
+
>
+

Xt hm s y =
2
1
1
x
x
+
+
vi x = - 1
y =
2 2
1
( 1) 1
x
x x
+ +
=0 khi x=1 => a>
2
2
hoc a < - 1
2.iu kin : x>0
t
( )
2
log
3 1
x
+ =u,
( )
2
log
3 1
x
v = ta c pt u +uv
2
= 1 + u
2
v
2
(uv
2
-1)(u 1) = 0
2
1
1
u
uv
=
. . . x =1
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13
x, y .
x y x y 25
+ =
+ =

Gii: h phng trnh:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13
x, y .
x y x y 25
+ =
+ =

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13 1
x y x y 25 2
+ =
+ =
( )
( )
3 2 2 3
3 2 2 3
x xy x y y 13 1'
y xy x y x 25 2'
+ =

+ =

Ly (2) - (1) ta c : x
2
y xy
2
= 6 ( ) x y xy 6 = (3)
Kt hp vi (1) ta c :
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
x y x y 13
I
x y xy 6
+ =
. t y = - z ta c :
( )
( )( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
x z x z 13 x z x z 2xz 13
I
x z xz 6
x z xz 6
+ + = + + =

(

+ =
+ =

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t S = x +z v P = xz ta c :
( )
2
3
S S 2P 13 S 1 S 2SP 13
P 6 SP 6
SP 6
= = =

= =
=

Ta c :
x z 1
x.z 6
+ =
. H ny c nghim
x 3
z 2
=
hoc
x 2
z 3
=

Vy h cho c 2 nghim l : ( 3 ; 2) v ( -2 ; -3 )
106. a) Gii bt phng trnh:
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s
Gii:a) Gii bt phng trnh:
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s . k:
4 2
0 1
log (2 4) 0 log 5
2 4 0
x
x
x
x
< =
> >
>

Do 1 x > PT
4
log (2 4) 2 4 4 4 2 4 0
x x x x x
x s s + > ng vi mi x. Do vy BPT c
nghim:
2
log 5 x >

107. Tm m phng trnh sau c mt nghim thc:

2
2 2( 4) 5 10 3 0 x m x m x + + + + =
Gii:
2
2 2( 4) 5 10 3 0 x m x m x + + + + =
2
2 2( 4) 5 10 3 x m x m x + + + =
2 2
3 0
2 2( 4) 5 10 ( 3)
x
x m x m x
>

+ + + =
2
3
2 1
2 5
x
x x
m
x
>

+
=

Xt hm s, lp BBT vi
2
2 1
( )
2 5
x x
f x
x
+
=
2
2
2( 5 )
'( )
(2 5)
x x
f x
x

=

Khi ta c:
Bng bin thin:
x - 0 5/2 3 5 +
y + 0 - - 0 +
y
8

24/5

+

Phng trnh c 1 nghim
24
(8; )
5
m

e +
`
)

100/ Tm m phng trnh:
( )
2
m x 2x 2 1 x(2 x) 0 (2) + + + s c nghim x 0; 1 3
(
e +

Gii: Tm m phng trnh:
( )
2
m x 2x 2 1 x(2 x) 0 (2) + + + s c nghim x 0; 1 3
(
e +

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t
2
t x 2x 2 = + t
2
2 = x
2
2x Bpt (2)
s s s e +
+
2
t 2
m (1 t 2),dox [0;1 3]
t 1

Kho st
2
t 2
g(t)
t 1
=
+
vi 1 s t s 2 ; g'(t)
2
2
t 2t 2
0
(t 1)
+ +
= >
+
. Vy g tng trn [1,2]
Do , ycbt bpt
2
t 2
m
t 1
s
+
c nghim t e [1,2]
| | e
s = =
t 1;2
2
m maxg(t) g(2)
3
Vy ms
2
3

101/ . 1) Gii phng trnh:
( )
2 2
3 3
log 1 log 2 x x x x x + + =
2
x 4 2
(log 8 log x )log 2x 0 + >
Gii:
1. (1) ( )
( )
2
2
3
1 1
log 2 3 1
x x
x x
x x x
x x
+ +
= = + +
t:f(x)=
( ) 2
3
x x
; g(x)=
1
1 x
x
+ + (x = 0)
Dng pp kshs =>max f(x)=3; min g(x)=3=>PT f(x)= g(x) max f(x)= min g(x)=3 ti x=1
=>PT c nghim x= 1
2. iu kin x > 0 , x = 1
(1)
| |
+ >
|
\ .
4 2
8
1 1
2log x log 2x 0
log x 2
( )
| |
|
+ + >
|
|
\ .
2 2
2
1
log x log x 1 0
1
log x
3

| | + +
+ > >
|
\ .
s > < s >
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
log x 1 log x 1
(log x 3) 0 0
log x log x
1
log x 1hayl og x 0 0 x hayx 1
2

102/ Gii phng trnh:
2
2 1
3 2 6
x
x
x
=

Gii: Gii phng trnh:
2
2 1
3 2 6
x
x
x
=
Ly logarit theo c s 3 cho hai v ta c:
2
3 3
log 2 1 log 2
2 1
x
x
x
+ = +

a phng trnh v dng: (x 1)(2x
2
+ x 1 - log
2
3
) = 0.
T suy ra nghim x = 1;
3
1 9 8log 2
4
x
+
=

103/ .Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Gii: Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
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K:
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi ) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x,
BPT (1) ) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t

< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
Vy BPT cho c tp nghim l: ) 16 ; 8 ( ]
2
1
; 0 (
= +
= +
0 3 2 2
6 ) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2
y x y x
y x y x

Gii: h phng trnh:
= +
= +
0 3 2 2
6 ) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2
y x y x
y x y x

H
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +
0 5 2 ) (
6 ) (
0 5
6 ) (
0 5 ) 1 ( ) 1 (
6 ) 1 1 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2 2 2 2
uv v u
v u uv
v u
v u uv
y x
y x y x
vi
=
=
1
1
y v
x u

t:
=
+ =
v u P
v u S
.
c
=
=
=
=
2
3
0 5 2
6 .
2
P
S
P S
S P

u, v l nghim ca phng trnh: X
2
3X + 2 = 0
=
=
v
=
=
=
=
2 1
1 1
1 1
2 1
2
1
y
x
y
x
X
X

Vy nghim ca h: (3 ; 2), (2 ; 3)

105/ 1. Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim: 4
x
4m(2
x
1) = 0
2.Tm m phng trnh: ( ) 0 log log 4
2
1
2
2
= + m x x c nghim trong khang (0 ; 1).
Gii:
1. t t = 2
x
(t > 0) ta c phng trnh: t
2
4mt + 4m = 0 (*)
(*) ) 1 0 ( 4
1
2
= . > =
t t m
t
t

Xt
1
2
=
t
t
y c
( )
2
2
1
2
'
=
=
t
t t
y
y = 0 2 0 = v = t t

T bng bin thin ta c : m < 0 1 > v m
+
-
+
- 4
0
0
0
2 0 1
y
y'
x + -
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2. Pt cho 0 log log ) 1 ; 0 ( 0 log log
2
1
4
2
2
2 2
2
2
= + + e = + + |
.
|
\
|
m x x x m x x (*)
t ) 0 ; ( ) 1 ; 0 ( , log
2
e e = t x x t
(*) ) 0 ; ( 0
2 2
e = = + + t t t m m t t
Xt hm s y = -t
2
t c y = -2t 1
y = 0
4
1
,
2
1
= = y t
t - -
2
1
0

y + 0 -

y
4
1

- 0 S : m
4
1
s
106/ Gii bt phng trnh ( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 + >
Gii:
bt phng trnh: ( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 + > (1)
(1) ( )
( )
2
4 3 3 4 2 0 x x x + >
Ta c: 4x-3=0<=>x=3/4

2
3 4 2 x x + =0<=>x=0;x=3
Bng xt du:
x - 0 2 +
4x-3 - - 0 + +
2
3 4 2 x x + + 0 - - 0 +
V tri - 0 + 0 - 0 +
Vy bt phng trnh c nghim:
| )
3
0; 3;
4
x
(
e +
(

107 / Gii phng trnh: ) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
Gii: phng trnh: ) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
iu kin: .
3
1 0 1
0
x
x x
x
>
= < =
>

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( )( ) ( )
( )
log log .
x
x x x x x x
x
=
+ = = = (

=
2
2 2
1 loai
3 1 4 2 3 0 3
3

108/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh sau c nghim duy nht thuc on
(
1 ;
2
1
:
m x x x = + + 1 2 2 1 3
2 3 2
( R me ).
Gii:t ( )
2 3 2
3 1 2 2 1 f x x x x = + + , suy ra ( ) f x xc nh v lin tc trnon ;
1
1
2
(
(

.
( ) '
2
2 3 2 2 3 2
3 3 4 3 3 4
1 2 1 1 2 1
x x x x
f x x
x x x x x x
| |
+ +
= = +
|
+ + + +
\ .
.
;
1
1
2
x
(
e
(

ta c
2 3 2
4 3 3 4
3 4 0 0
3
1 2 1
x
x x
x x x
+
> + > + >
+ +
.
Vy: ( ) ' 0 0 f x x = = .
Bng bin thin:
( )
( )
' || ||
1
0 1
2
0
1
C
3 3 22
2
4
x
f x
f x

Da vo bng bin thin, ta c: Phng trnh cho c 1 nghim duy nht thuc
;
1
1
2
(
(

3 3 22
4
2
m

s < hoc 1 m= .
109/ 1. Gii h phng trnh sau:
2
2
2
2
y 2
3y
x
x 2
3x
y
+
=

2. Gii phng trnh: 0 3 2 2 2 1 2
3 3 3
= + + + + + x x x
Gii:1. Gii h phng trnh sau:
2
2
2
2
y 2
3y
x
x 2
3x
y
+
=

iu kin x>0, y>0. Khi h tng ng
2 2
2 2
3 2
3 2
x y y
xy x
= +
= +

Tr v theo v hai phng trnh ta c: (x-y)(3xy+x+y) = 0 x y = thay li phng trnh Gii tm
c nghim ca h l: (1;1).
2. Gii phng trnh: 0 3 2 2 2 1 2
3 3 3
= + + + + + x x x
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Tp xc nh: D = R. t f(x) =
3 3 3
3 2 2 2 1 2 + + + + + x x x
Ta c:
2
3
, 1 ,
2
1
; 0
) 3 2 (
2
) 2 2 (
2
) 1 2 (
2
) ( '
3
2
3
2
3
2
= >
+
+
+
+
+
= x
x x x
x f

Suy ra hm s f(x) ng bin trn tp M=
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
.
|
\
|

|
.
|
\
|

|
.
|
\
|
,
2
3
2
3
, 1 1 ,
2
1
2
1
,

Ta thy f(-1)=0 x=-1 l mt nghim ca (1). Ta c:
3 )
2
3
( ; 3 )
2
1
( = = f f

Ta c bng bin thin ca hm s f(x):
x
-
2
3
-1
2
1
+
f(x)
|( |( |(
F(x)

+
0 3
- -3
T bng bin thin ta thy f(x) = 0 x = -1. Vy phng trnh cho c duy nht mt nghim x = -1.
Cch 2: Hs c th t
3
3
2 1
2 3
u x
v x
= +
= +
khi ta c h
3 3
3 3
0
2
2
u v
u v
v u
+
+ + =
gii h ny v tm c
nghim.

110/ Giai phng trnh :
3
2 3x 2 3 6 5x 8 0 + = (x e R)
Gii:
3
2 3x 2 3 6 5x 8 0 + = , ieu kien :
6
6 5 0
5
x x > s
at t =
3
3x 2 t
3
= 3x 2 x =
3
t 2
3
+
va 6 5x =
3
8 5t
3

Phng trnh tr thanh :
3
8 5t
2t 3 8 0
3
+ =

3
8 5t
3 8 2t
3
=
{
3 2
t 4
15t 4t 32t 40 0
s
+ + =
t = -2. Vay x = -2
111/ Gai he phng trnh :
2 2
2 2
2 2
x xy y
log (x y ) 1 log (xy)
3 81
+
+ = +
(x, y e R)

Gii: ieu kien x, y > 0
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
log (x y ) log 2 log (xy) log (2xy)
x xy y 4
+ = + =
+ =

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2 2
2 2
x y 2xy
x xy y 4
+ =
+ =

2
(x y) 0
xy 4
=

x y
xy 4
=

x 2
y 2
=
hay
x 2
y 2
=

112/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m sao cho h phng trnh
2
1
y x m
y xy
=
+ =
c nghim duy nht

Gii Ta c : 2 x y m = , nn :
2
2 1 y my y = . PT
1
1
2
y
m y
y
s

= +
( v y = 0 PTVN). Xt
( ) ( )
2
1 1
2 ' 1 0 f y y f y
y y
= + = + > . Lp BTT. KL: H c nghim duy nht 2 m > .
113/ 1. Gii phng trnh
log log
4 2
2 8
x x
x = .
2. Gii bt phng trnh ( )
2 4 8
2 1 log log log 0 x x x + + < .
Gii 1. K : 0 x > . Ta c:
2 4 2
1 log log 3log x x x + = . t
2
log t x = .Ta c:
2
3 2 0 1, 2 t t t t + = = = . Khi: 1 t = th
2
log 1 2( ) x x th = = . Khi: 2 t = th
2
log 2 4( ) x x th = = . KL:
Nghim PT 2, 4 x x = = .
2. K : 0 x > . t
2
log t x = , ta c : ( ) 1 0
3
t
t t + + < , BPT
2
4
3 4 0 0
3
t t t + < < < . KL:
2
3
4 1
log 0 1
3 2 2
x x < < < < .
( 1)(4 ) 2
2
2 2
x x x
x
x x

+ + >
+ +

Gii
K:? bpt
2
3 4 2 x x x + + >
( )
| |
2
0; 7
7
1;
2 2
1; 4
x
x
x
x
x
>
|
e
|
< .

115/ Gii phng trnh:
3 1
8 1 2 2 1
x x+
+ =
Gii :
3 1
8 1 2 2 1
x x+
+ = t
3 1
2 0; 2 1
x x
u v
+
= > =
3 3
3 3 2 2
0 1 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 2 ( )( 2) 0
u v u v u v
u u v u u v u uv v
= > + = + =

+ = + = + + + =

2
1 5
0; log
2
x x
+
= =
2
2
3
2 3
1 1
(1 ) 4
1
4
x x
y y
x x
x
y y y
+ + + =
+ + =
.
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Gii : k 0 y =
2 2
2
2
3 3
3 2 3
1 1 1 1
(1 ) 4 4
1 1 1
( ) 4 4
x x x x
y y y y
x x x
x x x
y y y y y y

+ + + = + + + =

+ + + = + + =

t
1
a x
y
x
b
y
= +

Ta - c
2 2 2
3 3 2 2
2 4 4 2 4 2 2
1
2 4 ( 4) 4 4 4 0
a a b a a b a a b a
b
a ab a a a a a a
+ = + = + = =

=
= + = + =

Khi
1
1
1 2
x y
y
x x
x
=
=

= + =

KL
117/ Gii bt phng trnh :
3
3
1
9 5.3 14.log 0
2
x x
x
x
+
| |
>
|
\ .

Gii:
KL:2. +) /K: x>2 or x<-1
( )( )
( )
3
3
3 3
3
1 1
9 5.3 14.log 0 3 7 3 2 log 0
2 2
1
3 7 log 0
2
x x x x
x
x x
x x
x
x
+ +
| | | |
> + >
| |

\ . \ .
+
| |
>
|
\ .

Xt x>2 ta c
3
1 1 3
log 0 1 0 2
2 2 2
x x
x
x x x
+ +
| | | |
> > > >
| |

\ . \ .

Xt x<-1 ta c
3
1 1 3
log 0 1 0 2
2 2 2
x x
x
x x x
+ +
| |
s s s <
|

\ .
. KL:?
118 / Gii phng trnh :
( ) ( )
1
4 2 2 2 1 sin 2 1 2 0
x x x x
y
+
+ + + =
Gii: t = 2
x
t , a v pt bc 2 n t ,gii ti p. Ho c a pt vrrf d ng t ng c c b nh ph ng
119/ Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim thc : m mx x x x 2 2 2 3
2 2
+ + = +
Gii Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim thc : m mx x x x 2 2 2 3
2 2
+ + = + (*)
(*)
2
2 2
3 2 0
3 2 2 2
x x
x x x mx m
+ >

+ = + +

=
+
=
s s
= +
s s
m
x
x
x f
x
x x m
x
2
1
2 3
) (
2 1
2 3 ) 1 ( 2
2 1

f(x) lin tc trn
| |
1; 2 v c
( )
| |
2
5
( ) 0, 1; 2
1
f x x
x
' = > e
+
) (x f ng bin trn | | 2 ; 1
Bi ton yu cu
1 2
(1) 2 (2)
4 3
f m f m s s s s
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( )
( )
2 2
3 3
2 2
2 2
log log
4
y x y x x xy y
x y
= +
+ =

Gii: iu kin : x > 0 ; y > 0 . Ta c : 0
4
3
2
2
2
2 2
> +
|
.
|
\
|
= + y
y
x y xy x y x, >0 ; Xt x > y
3 3
2 2
VT(*) 0
log log
VP(*) 0
x y
>
<
<
(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

Xt x < y
3 3
2 2
VT(*) 0
log log
VP(*) 0
x y
<
>
>
(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

Khi x = y h cho ta
2 2
0 0
2 2 4 x y
=
= =
x = y = 2 ( do x, y > 0). Vy h c ngd nh ( )

( )
; 2; 2 x y =
Vy h c ngd
121/ Gii phng trnh:
1 1
3 2
(x 24) (12 x) 6 + + = .
Gii; Nhn xt: Theo nh ngha ca ly tha s m hu t, c s phi dng nn iu kin c ngha
ca biu thc l:
x 24 0
24 x 12
12 x 0
+ >
< <
>
.
t:
1 1
3 2
u (x 24) ; v (12 x) = + = vi u, v 0. >
Ta c:
3 2 3 2 3 2 2
u v 6 u v 6 u v 6 u v 6
u v 36 u (6 u) 36 u u 12u 0 u(u u 12) 0
+ = + = + = + =

+ = + = + = + =

u 3
(do u, v 0)
v 3
=
>
1
3
1
2
(x 24) 3
x 24 27
(12 x) 3 12 x 9 x 3
24 x 12 24 x 12
+ =
+ =

= = =

< < < <
(tha)
122/ Gii phng trnh
2 2
3 3 3
log (x 5x 6) log (x 9x 20) 1 log 8 + + + + + = +
Gii: iu kin :
2
2
x 5
x 5x 6 0 x 3 x 2
4 x 3
x 5 x 4
x 9x 20 0
x 2
<
+ + > < v >

< <

< v >
+ + >
>
, v c :
3 3
1 log 8 log 24 + =
+ PT (*)
2 2 2 2
3 3
log (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) log 24 (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) 24
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
( + + + + = + + + + =

< v < < v >
< v < < v >

(x 2)(x 3)(x 4)(x 5) 24 (*)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2) (**)
+ + + + =

< v < < v >

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+ t
2
t(t-2) = 24
2
(t 1) 25 t 6 t 4 = = v =
- t = 6 :
2 2
x 1
x 7x 12 6 x 7x 6 0
x 6
=
+ + = + + =

=
( tha kin (**))

- t = - 4 :
2 2
x 7x 12 4 x 7x 16 0 + + = + + = : v nghim


123/ Gii h phng trnh.

Gii: t : t = x + y ; K: t =>

; H cho tr thnh
Vy h d cho c mt nghim
132 : Gii phng trnh:

Gii: K: x > 1; Vi K trn phng trnh cho tng ng

Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim :

2
4 4
16 6
2
x x
x x
+ +
s +
Gii : * k:
4 0
4 0
x
x
+ >
>
x > 4. t t = 4 4 x x + + (t > 0)
BPT tr thnh: t
2
- t - 6 > 0
2( )
3
t L
t
s
>

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* Vi t > 3 2
2
16 x > 9 - 2x
2 2
( )
0 ( )
4( 16) (9 2 )
a
b
x x
>

s
>
>
>

x 4
9- 2x 0
x 4
9- 2x

* (a) x >
9
2
. * (b)
145 9
36 2
s x < . *Tp nghm ca BPT l: T=
145
;
36
|
+
|
.

125/ 1. Gii h phng trnh:
+ =
=
2
2
3
1
9
12 18
y xy
x xy

2. Gii phng trnh: 9
x
+ ( x - 12).3
x
+ 11 - x = 0
Gii 1) Gii h:
> > + =
s > =
3 2 3 2
3
1
9
3 2 0 12 12 18
2
2 2
x y y x y xy
x x x xy

18 3 2 = = xy x
{ } 3 2 ; 3 2 e x , tng ng y { } 3 3 ; 3 3 e
Th li, tho mn h cho
Vy, ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 3 ; 3 2 , 3 3 ; 3 2 ; e y x
2) Gii phng trnh: ( ) ( ) 0 11 3 12 3
2
= + + x x
x x

=
=
x
x
x
11 3
1 3

= + =
=
(*) 0 11 3 ) (
0
x x f
x
x
(a + b + c = 0)
(*)
0 ) 2 (
, 0 1 3 ln 3 ) ( '
)
`
=
> + =
f
x x f
x
c nghim duy nht x = 2
Vy, tp nghim ca phng trnh: S = {0 ; 2

126/ Gii phng trnh:
( )
2
2 2
1 5 2 4; x x x x R + = + e
Gii:
( )
2
2 2
1 5 2 4; x x x x R + = + e
t
2 2 4 2
2 4 2( 2 ) t x x t x x = + = + ta c phng trnh
2
2
1 5 2 8 0
2
t
t t t + = + =

4
2
t
t
=

www.nguoithay.com

+ Vi t = 4 Ta c
2
4 2 4 2
0 0
2 4 4
2( 2 ) 16 2 8 0
x x
x x
x x x x
< <

+ =

+ = + =

2
0
2
2
x
x
x
<

+ Vi t = 2 ta c
2
4 2 4 2
0 0
2 4 2
2( 2 ) 4 2 2 0
x x
x x
x x x x
> >

+ =

+ = + =

2
0
3 1
3 1
x
x
x
>

S: phng trnh c 2 nghim 2, 3 1 x x = =
( )
( )
2
1 2
2
2
1
2
3
log 1 log 1 6
2
log 1
2 log ( 1)
x x
x
x
| |
+ +
|
\ .
> +
+ +

Gii; t ( )
2
log 1 x t + = ri gii tip
128/ Gii phng trnh:
2 2
7 5 3 2 ( ) x x x x x x + + = e
Gii
2
2 2
3 2 0
7 5 3 2
x x
PT
x x x x x
>

+ + =
2
3 2 0
5 2( 2)
x x
x x x
>

+ = +
3 1
0
2
5 2.
x
x
x
x
x
s s
+
+ =
( )( )
2
2 0
1 16 0
x
x x
s <

+ =
1 x = ; Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim x = - 1.

129/ Gii h phng trnh
( )
1 4
4
2 2
1
log log 1
( , )
25
y x
y
x y
x y
+ =

Gii: iu kin:
0
0
y x
y
>
>
; H phng trnh

( )
4 4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
log log 1 log 1
4
25 25 25
y x y x
y x
y y y
x y x y x y

+ = = =

+ = + = + =

2 2 2 2 2
3
3 3
25
25 9 25
10
x y
x y x y
y x y y y
=
= =

= + = + =

( )
( )
15 5
; ;
10 10
15 5
; ;
10 10
x y
x y
| |
=
|
\ .

| |
=
|
\ .
(khng tha mn k)
130/ Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh:
2 4
2
1
x
x
m e e + = + c nghim thc .
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Gii: t
2
x
t e = K: t > 0 . PT tr thnh:
4 4
1 m t t = + .Xt
4 4
( ) 1 f t t t = + vi t > 0 .
3
4
4
4
'( ) 1 0
1
t
f t
t
| |
= <
|
+
\ .
hm s NB trn ( ) 0; + .
( )( )
4 4 2 4
1
lim ( ) lim 0
1 1
t t
f t
t t t t
+ +
= =
+ + + +
;
f(0) = 1. KL: 0< m <1.

131/ Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
log 4.16 12 2 1
x x
x + = + .
Gii: PT
2 1 2 2
4.16 12 3 4.4 4 .3 3.3
x x x x x x x +
+ = + = . Chia 2 v cho
2
3 0
x
> , ta
c:
2
4 4
4 3 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
; t
4
3
x
t
| |
=
|
\ .
. K:
2
3
0 ; 4 3 0 1( ); ( )
4
t t t t kth t th > + = = = .
Khi
3
4
t = , ta c:
1
4 3 4
1
3 4 3
x
x
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
2 2
2 2
12
12
x y x y
y x y
+ + =

Gii: iu kin: | | | | x y >
t
2 2
; 0 u x y u
v x y
= >
= +
; x y = khng tha h nn xt x y = ta c
2
1
2
u
y v
v
| |
=
|
\ .
.
H phng trnh cho c dng:
2
12
12
2
u v
u u
v
v
+ =
| |
=
|
\ .
4
8
u
v
=
hoc
3
9
u
v
=

+
2 2
4
4
8
8
u
x y
v
x y
= =

=
+ =
(I) ; +
2 2
3
3
9
9
u
x y
v
x y
= =

=
+ =
(II)
Gii h (I), (II).Sau hp cc kt qu li, ta c tp nghim ca h phng trnh ban u l
( ) ( ) { }
5;3 , 5; 4 S =
133/ Gii phng trnh:
2 3
16 4
2
14 40 0
x x x
Gii : phng trnh
2 3
16 4
2
14 40 0
x x x
- iu kin:
1 1
0 2
4 16
x ; x ; x ; x . > = = = D thy x = 1 l mt nghim ca pt cho;Vi 1 x = . t
2
x
t log = v bin i phng trnh v dng
2 42 20
0
1 4 1 2 1 t t t
+ =
+ +
;Gii ra ta c
1 1
2 4
2 2
t ;t x ; x . = = = = Vy pt c 3 nghim x =1;
1
4
2
x ; x . = =
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134/ Gii phng trnh
1 2
9 .
4
1
4 . 6 9 .
3
1
4 . 3
+ +
= +
x x x x
.
Gii: Bin i phng trnh cho v dng
2 2 2 2
9
3 2 27 3 6 2 3
4
x x x x
. . . . + = T ta thu c

3
2
3 2 2
2 39 39
x
x log
| |
= =
|
\ .

+ =
=
2
2
3
1
9
12 18
y xy
x xy

Gii:
H:
> > + =
s > =
3 2 3 2
3
1
9
3 2 0 12 12 18
2
2 2
x y y x y xy
x x x xy
; 18 3 2 = = xy x ; { } 3 2 ; 3 2 e x ,
tng ng y { } 3 3 ; 3 3 e ;Th li, tho mn h cho
Vy, ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 3 ; 3 2 , 3 3 ; 3 2 ; e y x

136/ Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
log 4.16 12 2 1
x x
x + = + .
Gii; PT
2 1 2 2
4.16 12 3 4.4 4 .3 3.3
x x x x x x x +
+ = + = .Chia 2 v cho
2
3 0
x
> , ta c
2
4 4
4 3 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

t
4
3
x
t
| |
=
|
\ .
. K:
2
3
0 ; 4 3 0 1( ); ( )
4
t t t t ktm t tm > + = = = . Khi
3
4
t = , ta c:

1
4 3 4
1
3 4 3
x
x
| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .
. .
137/ :1. Tm m phng trnh sau c 2 nghim phn bit : x 10 1 ). 1 2 ( 4 8
2 2
+ + = + + x x m x .
2..Gii phng trnh:
3 3
log 1 log 2
2 2
x x
x
+
+ = .
Gii: Nhn xt : 10x 4 8
2
+ + x = 2(2x+1)
2
+2(x
2
+1)
Ph- ng trnh t- ng - ng vi : 2 ( 0 2 )
1
1 2
( )
1
1 2
2
2
2
= +
+
+
+
+
x
x
m
x
x
. t t
x
x
=
+
+
1
1 2
2
iu kin : -2< t
5 s . Rt m ta c: m=
t
t 2 2
2
+
;Lp bng bin thin ca hm s trn ( | 5 , 2 ta c kt qu ca m
phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit l:
5
12
4 s < m hoc -5 < 4 < m .
2.K: x > 0 . t
3
log 3
t
t x x = = . Ta c:
2
1 9 2 4 2
2.2 2 3 .2 3
4 4 3 9 3
t
t t t t t
| | | |
+ = = = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
www.nguoithay.com

Khi t = 2 th
3
log 2 9 x x = = (th) KL: nghim PT l 9 x = .
138/ Gii bt phng trnh :
( )
2
1 2 1 x x + > (2) .
Gii:
(2)
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 1 0
1 0
2 1 1
x
x
x x
>
+ >
s +

2
1 1
1
2 3 0
x x
x
x x
s v >
>

1
1
1 3
x
x
x
=
>
s s

1
1 3
x
x
=

s s

Vy nghim ca bt phng trnh : 1 1 3 x x = v s s .
139 / Gii h phng trnh , khi a > 1 :

2
2
1
3
1
3
a
x a y a z a
a
a
a x a y a z
a
+
+ + + + + =

+ + =

Gii: Xt cc vc t :
( )
( ) ; ; , 1 ; 1 ; 1 = + + + = u x a y a z a v

( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
. .
3 3 1
s
+ + + + + s + + +
u v u v
x a y a z a a x y z

Tng t
( )
( )
2
3 3 + + s a x a y a z a x y z (2)

( ) ( )
2 2
18 x a y a z a a x a y a z a + + + + + + + + s
M cng hai phng trnh ca h ta c :

( ) ( )
2 2
18 x a y a z a a x a y a z a + + + + + + + + =
Tc l du ng thc phi xy ra trong cc bt ng thc (1) v (2) , hay :

2
2
1
1
1
+
+ = + = + =
= = =

= = =
a
x a y a z a
a
x y z
a
a
a x a y a z
a

Vy h phng trnh c nghim l :
1
= = = x y z
a
.
140/ Giai he phng trnh :
2 2
4
( 1) ( 1) 2
x y x y
x x y y y
+ + + =
+ + + + =

Gii: (I)
+ + + =

+ + + + =
2 2
2 2
x y x y 4
x y x y xy 2

+ + + =
2 2
x y x y 4
xy 2

+ + + =
2
(x y) x y 0
xy 2

www.nguoithay.com

+ = + =
x y 0hay x y 1
xy 2

+ = + =
x y 0hay x y 1
xy 2

2
x y
x 2
hay
+ =
+ =
2
x y 1
x x 2 0

x 2
y 2
V
x 2
y 2
V
x 1
y 2
=
V
=
x 2
y 1

141/ Giai he pt : ( )
2x y 1 x y 1
I
3x 2y 4
+ + + =
+ =

Gii:
( )
( ) ( )
2x y 1 x y 1
I
2x y 1 x y 5
+ + + =

+ + + + =

at = + + > = + > u 2x y 1 0,v x y 0;(I) thanh
( )
= = =

= =
+ =

1 1
2 2
2 2
u v 1 u 2 v 1
u 1 v 2 loai
u v 5

Vay ( )
2x y 1 2
I
x y 1
+ + =

+ =

2x y 1 4 x 2
x y 1 y 1
+ + = =

+ = =

142/ Giai pt ( ) 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 1 =
Gii:
1/ Giai pt ( ) 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 1 =
ieu kien
3x 3 0
5 x 0 2 x 5
2x 4 0
>
> s s
>

(1) 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 = + va s s 2 x 5

( )( ) = + + 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 2 5 x 2x 4 va s s 2 x 5
( )( ) = x 2 5 x 2x 4 va s s 2 x 5
= x 2 0 ( ) = hay[ x 2 5 x 2 va < s 2 x 5]
( ) = = < s
= =
x 2 hay [ x 2 2 5 x va2 x 5]
x 2hayx 4

143/ Giai bat phng trnh
2
8x 6x 1 4x 1 0 + + s (1)
Gii: (1)
2
8x 6x 1 4x 1 + s
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s >
+ >
= >

> >

s >
+ s

>
2
2 2
2
1 1
x Vx
1 1 4 2
8x 6x 1 0
x Vx
1
4 2
4x 1 0 x
1 4
x 0hayx
8x 6x 1 (4x 1)
4
8x 2x 0
= >
1 1
x hay x
4 2

144/ Giai bpt 2x 7 5 x 3x 2 + > (1)
Gii: bpt 2x 7 5 x 3x 2 + > (1)
ieu kien
+ >
> s s
>
2x 7 0
2
5 x 0 x 5
3
3x 2 0

(1) + > + s s
2
2x 7 3x 2 5 x va x 5
3

( )( ) + > + + 2x 7 3x 2 5 x 2 3x 2 5 x s s
2
va x 5
3

( )( ) > 2 3x 2 5 x s s
2
va x 5
3
+ >
2
3x 17x 14 0 s s
2
va x 5
3

s s
14
(x 1hay x)
3
s s
2
va x 5
3
s s s s
2 14
x 1hay x 5
3 3

145/ Tm m e he phng trnh sau co nghiem:

( )
+ + + +
+ s
+ + + >
2x x 1 2 x 1
2
7 7 2005x 2005 (1)
x m 2 x 2m 3 0 (2)

Gii: ieu kien la > x 1.Ta co
| |
+ + + +
s e
2x x 1 2 x 1
7 7 0, x 1;1
Ta co: (1)
( )
( ) | |
+
s e
x 1 2x 2
7 7 7 2005 1 x : ung x 1;1 va sai khi x > 1Do o (1)
1 x 1 s s . Vay, he bpt co nghiem ( ) ( ) = + + + >
2
f x x m 2 x 2m 3 0 co nghiem
| |
1,1 e
| |
{ }
e
>
>
x 1;1
0 max f ( 1),f (1) 0
Maxf (x)

{ } + + > + > + > max 3m 6,m 2 0 3m 6 0hay m 2 0 > m 2
146/ Giai bat phng trnh ( )
2
2
2x x
x 2x
1
9 2 3 1
3
| |
s
|
\ .

Gii: Ta co (1)
2 2
x 2x x 2x
9 2.3 3

s . at
= >
2
x 2x
t 3 0, (1) thanh
s s s
2
t 2t 3 0 1 t 3. Do o, (1)

s s < s
2 2
x 2x x 2x 1
1 3 3 0 3 3
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2 2
x 2x 1 x 2x 1 0 1 2 x 1 2 s s s s +
147 /Tm m h phng trnh sau c nghim:

4
(2 1)[ln(x + 1) - lnx] = (2y + 1)[ln(y + 1) - lny] (1)
y-1 2 ( 1)( 1) 1 0 (2)
x
y x m x
+
+ + + =

Gii: t f(x) = (2x + 1)[ln(x + 1) lnx] =
1
(2 1) ln
x
x
x
+
+ TX: D = [0;+)
Gi x
1
; x
2
e [0;+) vi x
1
> x
2

Ta c :
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
2 1 2 1 0
( ) ( ) 1 1
ln ln 0
x x
f x f x x x
x x
+ > + >
> + +
`
> >

)
: f(x) l hm s tng
T phng trnh (1) x = y
(2)
4
1 2 ( 1)( 1) 1 0 x x x m x + + + =
4
1 1
2 0
1 1
x x
m
x x

+ =
+ +

t X =
4
1
1
x
x
+
0 X < 1
Vy h c nghim khi phng trnh: X
2
2X + m = 0 c nghim 0 X < 1
t f(X) = X
2
2X f(X) = 2X 2 h c nghim -1 < m 0
149/ 1) Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
1
2
2
( 1)( 2) 6
x y
x y
xy x y x y
+ +
=
+ +
+ + =
(
, x y R e
)
2) Tm m thc phng trnh sau c nghim thc trong on
5
; 4
2
(
(

:

2 2
1/ 2 1/ 2
1
( 1).log ( 2) 4( 5) log 4 4 0
2
m x m m
x
+ + =

Gii: 1. H
2 2
( 1) ( 1) 5
( 1)( 1)[( 1) ( 1)] 6
x y
x y x y
+ =

+ =
. t
1
1
u x
v y
=
, thu c h
2 2
5
( ) 6
u v
uv u v
+ =
+ =

Gii ra c:
3
. 2
u v
u v
+ =
; * Gii ra c:
1 1
1 2
u x
v y
= =
= =
hoc
1 2
1 1
u x
v y
= =
= =
3
2
x
y
=
hoc
2
3
x
y
=

2 / PT
2
1/ 2 1/ 2
( 1).log ( 2) ( 5)log ( 2) 1 0 m x m x m + =

*t
| |
1/ 2
5
log ( 2), ; 4 1;1
2
t x x t
(
= e e
(

;
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Thu c pt:
2
2
5 1
( )
1
t t
m f t
t t
+
= =
+
;
2
2 2
4 4
'( ) ; '( ) 0 1
( 1)
t
f t f t t
t t
= = =
+
Lp BBT ca f(t) trn on
| | 1;1 , thy f(t) lin tc v NB trn on | | 1;1 , nn
7
3;
3
m
(
e
(

tha mn bi.
150/ Tm m phng trnh sau c 2 nghim phn bit :
x 10 1 ). 1 2 ( 4 8
2 2
+ + = + + x x m x .
Gii: 10x 4 8
2
+ + x = 2(2x+1)
2
+2(x
2
+1)
Ph- ng trnh t- ng - ng vi : 2 ( 0 2 )
1
1 2
( )
1
1 2
2
2
2
= +
+
+
+
+
x
x
m
x
x
.
t t
x
x
=
+
+
1
1 2
2
iu kin : -2< t 5 s . Rt m ta c: m=
t
t 2 2
2
+

Lp bng bin thin ca hm s trn ( | 5 , 2 , ta c kt qu ca m phng trnh c hai nghim phn
bit l:
5
12
4 s < m hoc -5 < 4 < m
2
4 2 2
1
log log 16 4
log 2
4 8 16 4
xy
y
x
x x xy x x y
+ =
+ + = +

Gii: K: > > = = 0, 0, 1, 1 x y xy y
+) T PT (1) ta co: xy = 4 ; +) The vao (2) ta co: x
2
4x + 1 = 0 2 3 x =
+) KL : He co cac nghiem la :
4 4
2 3; ; 2 3;
2 3 2 3
| | | |
+
| |
+ \ . \ .

152/ Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim: 1 6 8 1 6 8
6
x m
x x x x
+
+ + + + =
Gii:+) K: > 8 x
+) PT
+
+ + = 8 3 8 3
6
x m
x x
; +) Neu 17 x > , ta co PT tr thanh :
12 8 x x m + = . PT co nghiem 17 x > 77 100 m s s
+) Neu 8 17 x s < , ta co PT tr thanh : 36 x = m. PT co nghiem 19 28 m < s
KL: 77 100 m s s hoac 19 28 m < s
2 2
2 2
1 4
( ) 2 7 2
x y xy y
y x y x y
+ + + =
+ = + +
, ( , ) x ye .
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Gii: 0 y = , ta c:
2
2 2
2 2 2
2
1
4
1 4
.
( ) 2 7 2 1
( ) 2 7
x
x y
y x y xy y
y x y x y x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ + + =

+ = + + +

+ =
t
2
1
,
x
u v x y
y
+
= = + ta c h:
2 2
4 4 3, 1
2 7 2 15 0 5, 9
u v u v v u
v u v v v u
+ = = = =

= + = = =

Vi 3, 1 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1, 2 1 1 2 0
2, 5 3 3 3
x y x y x y x x
x y x y y x y x
= = + = + = + =

= = + = = =

.
Vi 5, 9 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1 9 1 9 9 46 0
5 5 5
x y x y x x
x y y x y x
+ = + = + + =

+ = = =

, h ny v nghim.
KL: Vy h cho c hai nghim: ( ; ) {(1; 2), ( 2; 5)}. x y =
2
1 2
1 2
2log ( 2 2) log ( 2 1) 6
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1
x y
x y
xy x y x x
y x
+
+
+ + + + =
+ +
, ( , ) x ye .
Gii:+ iu kin:
2
2 2 0, 2 1 0, 5 0, 4 0
( )
0 1 1, 0 2 1
xy x y x x y x
I
x y
+ + > + > + > + >
< = < + =
.
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
2log [(1 )( 2)] 2log (1 ) 6 log ( 2) log (1 ) 2 0 (1)
( )
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1 log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1(2).
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y x
I
y x y x
+ +
+ +
+ + = + + =

+ + + +

t
2
log (1 )
y
x t
+
= th (1) tr thnh:
2
1
2 0 ( 1) 0 1. t t t
t
+ = = =
Vi 1 t = ta c: 1 2 1(3). x y y x = + = Th vo (2) ta c:
2
1 1 1
4 4
log ( 4) log ( 4) = 1 log 1 1 2 0
4 4
x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x

+ +
+ + = = + =
+ +

0
2
x
x
=
. Suy ra:
1
1
y
y
=
.Kim tra thy ch c 2, 1 x y = = tho mn iu kin trn.

155/ .Gii phng trnh: 8 x.2
x
+ 2
3-x
- x = 0
Gii:Gii phng trnh: 8 x.2
x
+ 2
3-x
- x = 0 , 8 x.2
x
-
8
2
x
- x = 0 8(1+
1
)
2
x
- x(2
x
+1) =0
8
(2 1) (2 1) 0
2
x x
x
x + + = (2
x
+1)(
8 8
) 0
2 2
x x
x x = =
V tri nghch bin, v phi ng bin phng trnh c nghim duy nht x=2
156/ 1) Gii phng trnh 5 x + x + 7 x + + 16 x + = 14.
2)Tm m ptrnh sau y c ng 2 nghim:
2 3 2 2
( 2 2) 4 2 2 2 4 x x x x x x m + + = + .
Gii: 1.TX: x>5; x= 5 khng l nghim
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t y = 5 7 16 14 x x x x + + + + => y =
1 1 1 1
0
2 5 2 2 7 2 16 x x x x
+ + + >
+ +

Hm s ng bin phng trnh y=0 c 1 nghim duy nht. Ta c y(9) = 14 x= 9
2. t t=
2 2
2 2 ( 1) 1 1 x x x + = + >
3 2
( ) 2 4 4
1
f t t t t m
t
= + =

>
(t)= 3t
2
4t- 4=0 t
1
=-2/3; t
2
= 2
BBT
t -2/3 1 2 +
f
(t)
0 - 0 +

f(t)
-1/2 +
-4

T bng bin thin
1
2
4
m
m

2 2
log ( 3 1 6) 1 log (7 10 ) + + > x x
Gii: iu kin:
1
10
3
s s x
BPT
2 2
3 1 6
log log (7 10 )
2
+ +
>
x
x
3 1 6
7 10
2
+ +
>
x
x
3 1 6 2(7 10 ) + + > x x 3 1 2 10 8 + + > x x 49x
2
418x + 369 0
1 x
369
49
(tho)
log log
2 2 3
+ =
y x
x y
xy y

Gii:iu kin: x > 0 v x 1 v y > 0 v y 1
Ta c
2
log log log log 2 0 = + =
y x y y
xy y x x
log 1
log 2
=
y
y
x
x

2
1
=
x y
x
y

- Vi x = y x = y =
2
log 3 1
- Vi x =
2
1
y
ta c:
2
1
2 2 3 + =
y y
theo bt ng thc C-si suy ra PT v nghim
159/ .Gii bt phng trnh: 2 10 5 10 2 x x x + > +
Gii: *iu kin: 2 x > ; ( )
2
1 2 10 2 5 10 2 6 20 1(2) x x x x x x + + > + + > +
Khi 2 x > => x+1>0 bnh phng 2 v phng trnh (2)
( | | )
2 2 2
(2) 2 6 20 2 1 4 11 0 x ; 7 3; x x x x x x + > + + + > e +
Kt hp iu kin vy nghim ca bt phng trnh l: 3 x >
160/ 1) Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh:
2
2 2 2 m x x x + = + c 2 nghim phn bit.
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2) Gii phng trnh:
3
1 8
2
2
log 1 log (3 ) log ( 1) 0 + = x x x .
Gii: Ta c:
2
2 2 1 x x + > nn
2
2 2 2 m x x x + = +
2
2
2 2
x
m
x x
+
=
+

Xt
2
2
( )
2 2
x
f x
x x
+
=
+
, ta c:
( )
2 2
4 3
'( )
2 2 2 2
x
f x
x x x x
=
+ +
( )
4 4
' 0 ; 10; lim ( ) 1; lim ( ) 1
3 3
x x
f x x f f x f x
+
| |
= = = = =
|
\ .

Bng bin thin:
x -
4
3
+
y - 0 +
y
10

-1 1
Da vo bng bin thin ta c:
Phng trnh cho c hai nghim phn bit khi v ch khi1 10 m < <
161/
3
1 8
2
2
log 1 log (3 ) log ( 1) 0 + = x x x
Gii:
3
1 8
2
2
log 1 log (3 ) log ( 1) 0 + = x x x
( )
2 2 2
log 1 log (3 ) log ( 1) 0
1 3
+ + =
< <
x x x
x

( )( ) 1 3 1
1 3
x x x
x
+ =
< <
2
x x 4 0
1 x 3

< <
1 17
x
2
+
=
162/ Gii h phng trnh
2 2
4 2 2
2 3 15 0
2 4 5 0
x y x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

Gii: H pt
2 2
2 2 2
( 1)( 2) 4( 1) 4( 2) 5
( 1) ( 2) 10
x y x y
x y
+ + =
+ =
. t
2
1
2
u x
v y
=

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Ta c hpt
2 2 2
10 ( ) 2 10
4( ) 5 4( ) 5
u v u v uv
uv u v uv u v
+ = + =

+ + = + + =

10
45
u v
uv
+ =
(v nghim) hoc
2
3
u v
uv
+ =
3
1
u
v
=
hoc
1
3
u
v
=
+)
3
1
u
v
=
Tm c 2 nghim ( ; ) (2;1) x y = v
( ; ) ( 2;1) x y = +)
1
3
u
v
=
Tm c nghim ( ; ) (0;5) x y =
Kt lun: H phng trnh c 3 nghim: (2;1), (-2;1), (0;5)
163/ : 1. Gii phng trnh: . 25 log ) 20 . 15 5 . 10 log( + = + x
x x

2. Gii bt phng trnh
2 2
2
1 log log ( 2) log (6 ) x x x + + + >
Gii: 1. PT ( ) ( )
x x x
10 . 25 log 20 . 15 5 . 10 log = +
x x x
10 . 25 20 . 15 5 . 10 = +
0 10 2 . 25 4 . 15 = +
x x
(chia hai v ca phng trnh cho
x
5 ) t ) 0 ( 2 > = t t
x
, Ta c pt :
15t
2
- 25t +10 = 0
=
=
) (
3
2
) ( 1
tm t
tm t
Vi 1 = t 0 1 2 = = x
x

Vi
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
3
2
log
3
2
2
3
2
2
x t
x

Vy phng trnh cho c hai nghim l 0 = x v
|
.
|
\
|
=
3
2
log
2
x .
2. k: 0< x< 6. BPT
2 2
2 2
log (2 4 ) log (6 ) x x x + > BPT
2 2 2
2 4 (6 ) 16 36 0 x x x x x + > + > x < -18 hoc x > 2 .Kt hp k ta c tp
nghim BPT l S =(2; 6)
x
x
x x
x
>
+ + +
9 2
3 1 3
3

Gii:
x
x
x x
x
>
+ + +
9 2
3 1 3
3
.
K: -1 x 9 v x 0
Bpt
) 1 1 )( 1 1 (
9 2
) 1 1 )( 2 1 (
) 2 1 )( 2 1 (
+ + +

>
+ + + +
+ + +
x x
x
x x
x x

1 1
9 2
2 1
+
> +
x
x
x
TH1: 0 0 1 1 > > + x x
;
Bpt x x x > + + 9 2 1 3 3
0 ) 9 2 2 ( ) 1 3 9 ( ) 8 ( > + + x x x
8
0 )
9 2 2
8
1 3 9
9
1 )( 8 (
>
>
+
+
+ +

x
x x
x

Kt hp k : 8 < x 9
TH2: 0 0 1 1 < < + x x
;
Bpt 8 9 2 1 3 3 < < + + x x x x
;
Kt hp k: -1 x < 0
Vy tp nghim ca bpt S = [-1; 0) (8; 9]
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165/ Gii phng trnh
2 3
9 27
3 3
log ( 1) log 2 log 4 log ( 4) x x x + + = + +

Gii: log
9
(x + 1)
2
+
3
27
3 3
log 2 log 4 log ( 4) (1) x x = + +
K:
4 4
1
x
x
< <

(1) log
3
(x + 1) + log
3
4 = log
3
(4 x) + log
3
(x + 4)
log
3
4 1 x + = log
3
(16 x
2
) 4 1 x + = 16 x
2
;
Gii phng trnh tm - c x = 2 hoc x = 2 - 24
166/ 1) Gii phng trnh: ( )
3 3
2
2ln x ln 2ln x 0
3
x x x + + =
2) Gii h phng trnh:
( )( )
( )( )
2 2
3x 3 14
14x 36
y x y xy
x y x y y
+ + =
+ + + =

Gii: 1. t
3
2ln x 0 y x = + > a v h PT i xng. PT c nghim duy nht 1 x = .
2. a v PT ng cp (bc 3) bng cch t n ph ; 0 u x y v xy = + = > .
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

Gii: iu kin x+ y >0

2
2 2
2 2
( ) 1 2 0 ( 1)( 1 ) 0
xy xy
x y xy x y x y
x y x y
x y x y x y x y

+ + = + + + =

+ +

+ = + =

2
( 1)( 1) 0 x y x y
x y x y
+ + + =
+ =

2
1 1 2
0 3 1
x y x x
h
y y x y
+ = = =

= = =

2 2
2
2xy
x y 1
x y
x 2y 2 x y 4x 3y 4x 5y.
+ + =
+ + + + = + + +

Gii:
2 2
2
2xy
x y 1(1)
x y
x 2y 2 x y 4x 3y 4x 5y(2).
+ + =
+ + + + = + + +

iu kin: x +y>0, 4x +3y>0, 4x +5y >0.
( )
2 2xy
(1) x+y 1 2xy 0
x y
+ =
+

( )
2xy
x y 1 x y 1 0
x y
| |
+ + + =
|
+
\ .

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( )
2 2
x y x y
x y 1 0
x y
| | + + +
+ =
|
+
\ .
2 2
x y x y
x y 1 0 (do 0)
x y
+ + +
+ = >
+
.
Vi y x 1 + = y =1 -x thay vo (2) ta c
2
4 (x 1) 3 x 5 x + = + + (*)
Ta thy v tri (*)
2
4 (x 1) 4 + > du = khi x =1.
Ta thy v phi (*) 3 x 5 x (1 1)[(3 x) (5 x)] 4 + + s + + + = (Bunhiacopski) du = khi x =1. (*)
x =1 y =0. Ta thy (x;y) = (1;0) tha mn k.
Vy h phng trnh c mt nghim duy nht (x;y) = (1;0)
169/ 1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x x 2 2
2 2
3 .log (x x 2) 3 3 .log x 2
+ + +
+ = .
2. Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
x x 1 x x
3 3 3
log 3 2 log 3 1 log 2.9 3 9 1
+ + + = + + .
Gii:1. iu kin x =2
Phng trnh tng ng vi
2
2 x 2 2 x 2 x x 2 2
3 .log(x x 2) 3 3 .log x 2
+
+ = +
2
2 x 2 x x 2 2
2 2
3 .log (x x 2) 3 .log (2 x 2)
+
+ = (*)
V
2
x x 2 1 + > nn v tri dng vy v phi dng
x 2 1 >

Xt hm s
t
2
f (t) 3.log t = vi t >1,
t
' t
2
3
f (t) 3.ln3.log t 0 t 1
t.ln2
= + > >
. Vy f(t) ng bin trn (1; +)
T (*) ta c
2 2
f (x x 2) f (2 x 2) x x 2 2 x 2 + = + =

2 2
2 2
x x 2 2x 4 x 3x 6 0(1)
x x 2 2x 4(2) x x 2 0(2)
+ = + =

+ = + + =

pt(1) v nghim, pt(2) c nghim x =1 v x = -2 tm iu kin
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l:
x 1
x 2
=

2. Phng trnh tng ng vi
( )( ) ( )
x x x x
3 3
log 3 2 3 3 log 2.9 3 9
(
+ + = + +

( )( ) ( )
x x x x x x
3 2 3 3 2.9 3 9 9 4.3 3 0 + + = + + + = (*). t
x
t 3 , t 0. = > (*)
2
t 1
t 4t 3 0
t 2
=
+ =

=
(tha mn k t>0) ; Vi t =1
x
3 1 x 0. = =
Vi t =3
x
3 3 x 1. = = Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim x =0 hoc x =1.
170/ Giai he phng trnh :
2 2
4
( 1) ( 1) 2
x y x y
x x y y y
+ + + =
+ + + + =

Gii: Giai he phng trnh : (I)
2 2
4
( 1) ( 1) 2
x y x y
x x y y y
+ + + =
+ + + + =

(I)
+ + + =

+ + + + = =
2 2
2 2
x y x y 4
x y x y xy 2 xy 2

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t = + = > = + + + =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
S x y; P xy(S 4P) S x y 2xy x y S 2P
Vay
( )
=
+ =

=

+ =

2
2
P 2
S 2P S 4
I S 0
S P S 2
S 1

+ =
1
x y 0
TH :
xy 2
vay x, y la nghiem cua phng trnh + =
2
X 0X 2 0
Vay he co 2 nghiem
x 2
x 2
hay
x 2
y 2

+ =
2
x y 1
TH :
xy 2
vay x,y la nghiem cua phng trnh
2
X X 2 0 + =
= = X 1hayX 2. Vay he co 2 nghiem
x 1
y 2
=
V
x 2
y 1
=

Tom lai he Pt (I) co 4 nghiem
x 2
y 2
V
x 2
y 2
V
x 1
y 2
=
V
=
x 2
y 1

171/ 1. Gii phng trnh 2( 2x 3 x 1) x 4 + + =
2. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
2 2
2 x 5 2 y 1 y
2 y 5 2 x 1 x
+ = +
+ = +

Gii: 1. 2( 2x 3 x 1) x 4 + + = (1) - iu kin:
3
x .
2
>
- Nhn thy x = 4 khng l nghim ca PT. Vi x 4 2x 3 x 1 0. = + =
PT 2( 2x 3 x 1)( 2x 3 x 1) (x 4)( 2x 3 x 1) + + + = +
2(x 4) ( 2x 3 x 1)(x 4) = +
2x 3 x 1 2. + = (2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra
2
x
2x 3
x 8
x 8
4
x 16 208 (t / m)
x 8 x 32x 48 0
x 16 208
x 1
4
=
> >

= +

+ =
=

+ =

Vy PT c 1 nghim x 16 208. = +
2.Gii h
2 2
2 2
2 x 5 2 y 1 y
2 y 5 2 x 1 x
(1)
(2)
+ = +
+ = +

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- iu kin: x, y 1. > Nhn thy x = y = 1 khng l nghim ca h x 1 y 1 0. + =
H
2 2 2 2
2( x 5 y 5) 2( y 1 x 1) (y x ) + + = +

2 2
2 2
2 2
2(x y ) 2(y x)
(y x )
x 1 y 1
x 5 y 5

= +
+
+ + +

2 2
2 2
(x y) x y 0
x 1 y 1
x 5 y 5
| |
| + + + =
|
+
+ + +
\ .
x y =
- Th vo (1) c:
2 2
2 x 5 2 x 1 x + = +

2 2
2( x 5 3) 2( x 1 1) (x 4) 0 + =

2
2
2
2(x 4) 2(x 2)
(x 4) 0
x 1 1
x 5 3

=
+
+ +

2
2(x 2) 2
(x 2) (x 2) 0 (3)
x 1 1
x 5 3
| |
+
+ =
|
+
+ +
\ .

- V
2
2 2
2 2(x 2)
x 1 x 5 3 2 1 (x 2)
x 5 3 x 5 3
+
> + + > < < +
+ + + +

2
2(x 2) 2
(x 2) 0 (*) x 2.
x 1 1
x 5 3
+
+ < =
+
+ +

Vy h c 1 nghim (2; 2).
172/ Gii phng trnh: log
2
2
8x
3
9log
2
4x
2
36log
4
2x = 0
Gii: Gii phng trnh: log
2
2
8x
3
9log
2
4x
2
36log
4
2x = 0(1) iu kin x > 0
(1 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 log 1 18 log 2 2 9 log 3 3
2 2
2
2
= + + + x x x
0 27 log 18 log 9
2
2
2
= x x log
2
x = -1 hoc log
2
x =3 x = 1/2 hoc x=8
3 3
2 2
x y 9
x 2y x 4y
+ =

Gii: Gii h
= +
=
y x y x
y x
4 2
9
2 2
3 3
=
+ =
y y x x
y x
12 6 3 3
9
2 2
3 3

x
3
3x
2
+3x = y
3
+6y
2
+12y +9 (x-1)
3
= (y +2)
3
x =y +3
Vy h cho
3 3
x 1 x y 9
y 2 x y 3
= = +

= = +

hoc
x 2
y 1
=

174/ 1) Gii phng trnh :
3 1
8 1 2 2 1
+
+ =
x x

( )( )
2
3 1 1 2 3 4 + + + > x x x x
Gii: 1/ Gii phng trnh:
3 1
8 1 2 2 1
+
+ =
x x
. t
3 1
2 0; 2 1
+
= > =
x x
u v .
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PT
3 3
3 3 2 2
0 1 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 2 ( )( 2) 0
= > + = + =

+ = + = + + + =
u v u v u v
u u v u u v u uv v

3 1
3 1
2 1
1
1
2 1 1
0
1 5
1 5
2
2
2
1 5
1 5
2 1
2
2
x
x
x
x
u
v
x
u
Vn
v
+
+
=
=

=
=

+

+

=
=

+
+

=
=

Phng trnh c nghim l: 0 x =
2. Gii bt pt:
( )( )
2
3 1 1 2 3 4 + + + > x x x x
iu kin
2
3 0 3
/ 1 0 1 1
3 x 2x 3 0
1
x x
D k x x x
x
x
+ > >

> > >

s + >
>

Nhn hai v ca bpt vi 3 1 + + x x , ta c
BPT
( ) ( )
2 2
4. 1 2 3 4. 3 1 1 2 3 3 1 + + > + + + + > + + x x x x x x x x

2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 0
2
s
+ + + > + + + >

>
x
x x x x x x x x
x

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c 2 > x l nghim ca bt pt

x x y y
x y x y
4 2 2
2 2
4 6 9 0
2 22 0
+ + =
+ + =

Gii: Gii h pt:
2 2 2
2 2
( 2) ( 3) 4
( 2 4)( 3 3) 2 20 0
+ =
+ + + =
x y
x y x
.
t
2
2
3
=
x u
y v
Khi (2)
2 2
4
. 4( ) 8
+ =
+ + =
u v
u v u v

2
0
=
u
v
hoc
0
2
=
u
v

2
x 2 2
3 0 y
=
Hoc
2
x 2 0
3 2 y
=

Kt lun:H pt c 4 nghim l:
2
3
=
x
y
;
2
3
=
x
y
;
2
5
x
y
;
2
5
x
y

176 /Tm gi tr ln nht v nh nht ca hm s:
y =
4 4 4
2 3 2 3 x x x + +
Gii:
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177/ Gii phng trnh
2 5
4
2
1
4log 2 log 1 ( )
2
x x x = e
Gii: Gii phng trnh
2 5
4
2
1
4log 2 log 1 ( )
2
x x x = e (1)
K:x>0
( )
2
2 2
1 log 2 5log 1 x x =
2 2
2 2 2 2
(log 1) 5log 1 log 3log 2 0(1) x x x x + = + = t t=log
2
x (1)
tr thnh
2
1
3 2 0
2
t
t t
t
=
+ =

=

t=1 ta c log
2
x=1x=2 ;t=2 ta c log
2
x=2 x=4
kt hp vi KX phng trnh cho c 2 nghim l x=2 v x=4
178/ 1. Gii h phng trnh:
= +
=
1 7 2 4
1 17 16
2 2 2
y x xy
y y x
.
2. Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
2 8 6 1 2 2 x x x x + + + s +
3. Gii phng trnh:
3 3 1 3 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
+ + + +
+ = +
x x x x x x
.
4. Gii phng trnh: x x x
x x 3
2
9
2
3
log 2 3 log log = + .

Gii: 1/ D thy 0 = y khng phi nghim ca phng trnh.
Chia c 2 v ca pt 1 cho
2
y , c hai v pt 2 cho y ta - c:

= + +
= +
= + +
= +
7 2 )
1
4 (
17 8 )
1
4 (
7
2 1
4
17
1
16
2
2
2
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
y
x
.
t (*)
1
4
=
= +
v
y
x
u
y
x
. H cho tr thnh (**)
7 2
17 8
2
= +
=
v u
v u
.
Gii h (**) ta - c
=
=
1
5
v
u
hoc
=
=
8
9
v
u

Vi
=
=
1
5
v
u
ta - c
= =
= =
=
=
4 / 1
1 1 5 4
y x
y x
y x
y xy

Vi
=
=
8
9
v
u
ta - c
=
= +
y x
y xy
8
1 9 4
(v nghim)
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Vy h cho c hai nghim l ( ) ) 1 ; 1 ( ; = y x hoc ( ) ) 4 / 1 ; 4 / 1 ( ; = y x .
2/ iu kin:
3
1
x
x
s
>

Bin i t- ng - ng bt phng trnh:
( )( ) ( )( ) ( ) 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 x x x x x + + + + s +
Nhn thy vi 3 x s bt phng trnh v nghim

Vi 1 x > , bt phng trnh t- ng - ng:
( ) ( ) 2 3 1 2 x x + + s
Nhn thy
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 3 2 2
2 3 1 2 2 2
1 0
x
x x
x
+ >
+ + > >
>

Do bt phng trnh khng c nghim 1 x > .
Kt lun: bt phng trnh v nghim.
3/ Pt
3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2
2 2 . 2 2 2 . 2
+ + + +
+ = +
x x x x x x x x
( ) ( ) 1 2 2 1 2 2
2 2 2
3 3
=
+ + + x x x x x x

( )

=
=
=
+
+
+ +
1 2
2 2
0 1 2 ) 2 2 (
2
2
2 2
3 3
3 3
x x
x x
x x x x
= =
= =
= +
= +
0 , 1
2 , 1
0
0 2 3
2
2
x x
x x
x x
x x

Vy tp nghim ca pt l { } 2 ; 1 ; 0 ; 1 = S .
4. iu kin
9
1
,
3
1
, 0 = = > x x x . x
x
x
x
x
Pt
3
3
3
3
3
log 2
log 2
log 2 1
log 1
log 2
=
+
+
+
+
.
t x t
3
log = , ta - c 0 1 3 2 2 2
2
2 1
1
2
2 3
= + =
+
+
+
+
t t t t
t
t
t
t
.
( )( )

=
=

=
=
= + +

2
2 2
2
3
3
2
2 2
1
0 1 4 2 1
x
x
t
t
t t t .
Vy tp nghim ca pt l
=

2
2 2
3 ; 3 S .

179/ 1. Gii phng trnh: 10 1 3 5 9 4 2 2 x x x x + + + = +
2 .Gii phng trnh
( )
2 1
2
2log (2 2) log 9 1 1 x x + + =
Gii:
iu kin: x >
5
.;
3
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi 10x + 1 2 x 2 = 9 x + 4 3x 5 (1).
V x >
5
nn c hai v ca (1) u dng. Do :

3
(1) 12 x 1 2 (10 x + 1)(2 x 2) = 12 x 1 2 (9 x + 4)(3x 5)
7 x
2
15x 18 = 0 x = 3 hay x =
6
.

7
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l x = 3.
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2/ iu kin: x >
1
.

9
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi phng trnh

log (2x + 2)
2
log (9x 1) = 1

2 2
log (2x + 2)
2
= log (9 x 1) + log 2 log (2x + 2)
2
= log (18x 2)

(2x + 2)
2
= (18x 2) 2 x
2
5x + 3 = 0 x = 1 hoc x =
3
.

2
i chiu iu kin suy ra nghim ca phng trnh l x = 1 hay x =
3
.

2
180/ : Tm ieu kien cua tham so thc m e phng trnh sau co nghiem:
1 3 ( 1)(3 ) x x x x m
Gii: at: y = 1 3 2 2, 1, 3 x x y x
Khi o: y
2
= 2 +
2
2
2 ( 1)(3 ) ( 1)(3 )
2
y
x x x x
pt tr thnh: y
2
2
2
y
m hay :
2
1
1
2
y y m
Xt hm s: f(y) =
2
1
1; 2, 2
2
y y y f(y) e [1, 2 ]
Vay pt co nghiem 1 s m s 2

181/ : 1/ Gii bt phng trnh:
3
2
5 1 5 1 2 0
x x x

2/ Gii phng trnh:
2 3
2 2
log (4 1) log (2 6)
x x
x

Gii: 1)
3
2
5 1 5 1 2 0
x x x

5 1 5 1
2 2 0
2 2
x x

p s:
5 1 5 1
2 2
log ( 2 1) log ( 2 1) x
2/ (1)
2 3
4 1 2 (2 6)
x x x
x = 0

182/ : Gii h phng trnh
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0
2
x x y xy y
x y x y

Gii:
x
3
- 6x
2
y + 9xy
2
4y
3
= 0 ( x y)
2
(x 4y) = 0
*) x = y nghim x = y = 2
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*) x = 4y nghim
32 8 15
8 2 15
x
y

183/ : 1. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y

2. Cho phng trnh
2
3 1
2 1
2 1
x
x mx
x
.Tm m phng trnh c nghim duy nht.
Gii: 1)

2 2
2
2
1 (1)
(2)
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
iu kin: x + y > 0.
(1) (x + y 1)( x
2
+ y
2
+ x + y) = 0 x + y 1 = 0 y = 1 x
Thay vo (2) ta c: x
2
+ x 2 = 0
H c hai nghim: (1;0), (- 2;3)
2)
2
3 1
2 1
2 1
x
x mx
x

3 2
2 1
x
m
x

t. f(x) =
3 2
2 1
x
x
trn khong
1
;
2
Pt c nghim duy nht vi mi m

184/ : Giai bat phng trnh:
2
3 3
log log
3 162
x x
x

Gii: Nghim x = 9; x = 1/9

185/ : Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
log log 2
2 1
y x
x y
x y

Gii: K: x > 0 v y > 0 v 1 x v y 1

2 2
log log 2
y x
x y ==> y = x v y = 1/x
y = 1/x thay v phng trnh sau VN
y = x = 1 (loi)
186/ : Gii phng trnh
x 2
1 1 1
log x 1
2
log log 4 2
2x 1
4
+ = +

Gii: Gii phng trnh
x 2
1 1 1
log x 1
2
log log 4 2
2x 1
4
+ = +

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iu kin 2, 3 x x > = ; (1)
4 4 4 4
log (x 2) log (2x 1) log 2 log (x 1) + = +
( )( ) ( ) 2 2 1 2 1 x x x = +
0
2
2 7 0
7
2
x
x x
x
=
=
=
; i chiu iu kin ta c
7
2
x =
187/ : 1. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
4 2 2
2 3 15 0
2 4 5 0
x y x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

2. Gii phng trnh: . 25 log ) 20 . 15 5 . 10 log( + = + x
x x

3. Gii bt phng trnh
2 2
2
1 log log ( 2) log (6 ) x x x + + + >
Gii:
1/ H pt
2 2
2 2 2
( 1)( 2) 4( 1) 4( 2) 5
( 1) ( 2) 10
x y x y
x y
+ + =
+ =
. t
2
1
2
u x
v y
=

Ta c hpt
2 2 2
10 ( ) 2 10
4( ) 5 4( ) 5
u v u v uv
uv u v uv u v
+ = + =

+ + = + + =

10
45
u v
uv
+ =
(v nghim) hoc
2
3
u v
uv
+ =
3
1
u
v
=
hoc
1
3
u
v
=

+)
3
1
u
v
=
Tm c 2 nghim ( ; ) (2;1) x y = v ( ; ) ( 2;1) x y =

+)
1
3
u
v
=
Tm c nghim ( ; ) (0;5) x y =
2/. PT ( ) ( )
x x x
10 . 25 log 20 . 15 5 . 10 log = +
x x x
10 . 25 20 . 15 5 . 10 = +
0 10 2 . 25 4 . 15 = +
x x
x
5 )
t ) 0 ( 2 > = t t
x
, Ta c pt : 15t
2
- 25t +10 = 0
=
=
) (
3
2
) ( 1
tm t
tm t

Vi 1 = t 0 1 2 = = x
x

Vi
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
3
2
log
3
2
2
3
2
2
x t
x

|
.
|
\
|
=
3
2
log
2
x .
3/ k: 0< x< 6. BPT
2 2
2 2
log (2 4 ) log (6 ) x x x + >
BPT
2 2 2
2 4 (6 ) 16 36 0 x x x x x + > + > x < -18 hoc x > 2
Kt hp k ta c tp nghim BPT l S =(2; 6)
188/ : Gii bt phng trnh:
( )
2 3
3 2 3 2
log log 8 .log log 0 x x x x + <
(1)
Gii:
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iu kin x>0;Bin i phng trnh tng ng v dng:

( )
2
3 2 3 2
log 3 log log 3log 0 x x x x + + <

t
3
log t x =
khi bt phng trnh c dng:

( ) ( )
2
2 2
3 log . 3log 0 f t t x t x = + + <
(2)
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
3 log 12log 3 log x x x A = + =
.
Do f(t)=0 c nghim:
2
3
log
t
t x
=

Do (2) tng ng vi:
( )( ) ( )( )
2 3 3 2
3 log 0 log 3 log log 0 t t x x x x < <

3 3
3 2 3 2
3 3
3 2 3 2
log 3 0 log 3 27
log log 0 log log 1
27
0 1 log 3 0 log 3 27
0 1 log log 0 log log
x x x
x x x x x
x
x x x x
x x x x x
> > >

< < >
>

< < < < <

< < > >

Vy bt phng trnh c nghim l tp
( ) ( ) 0;1 27; +

189/ : 1. Giai he phng trnh :
= + +
= + +
0 22 2
0 9 6 4
2 2
2 2 4
y x y x
y y x x

2.Cho phng trnh
x x x 3
(7 3 5) a(7 3 5) 2
+
+ + =
a,Gii phng trnh khi a = 7
b, Tm a phng trnh ch c mt nghim
3. Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 3
8
2
4
log 1 2 log 4 log 4 x x x + + = + +

4. Gii h phng trnh:
2
log ( 2 8) 6
8 2 .3 2.3
x x y x y
y x
+
+ =
+ =

Gii:
1/
= + +
= +
0 22 ) 2 (
4 ) 3 ( ) 2 (
2 2
2 2 2
x y x
y x

= + + +
= +
0 20 2 ) 3 3 )( 4 2 (
4 ) 3 ( ) 2 (
2 2
2 2 2
x y x
y x
= + + +
= +
0 20 2 ) 3 3 )( 4 2 (
4 ) 3 ( ) 2 (
2 2
2 2 2
x y x
y x

t
=
=
v y
u x
3
2
2
* Thay vo ta c h pt
= + +
= +
8 ) ( 4 .
4
2 2
v u v u
v u

GiI h ta - c
=
=
0
2
v
u
Hoc
=
=
2
0
v
u

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Thay vo giI ta c
=
=
3
2
y
x
;
=
=
3
2
y
x
;
=
=
5
2
y
x
;
=
=
5
2
y
x

2/
7 3 5
( )
2
x
t
+
= ( t > 0) ta c pt
2
8 0 t t a + = (1)
Vi a = 7 ta c
2
8 0 t t a + =
t 1
t 7
=
Ph- ng trnh c hai nghim l

7 3 5
2
x 0
x log 7
+
=

- , S nghim ca pt (1) l s nghim t > 0 ca phng trnh
2
8 a t t = + l s im chung ca
- ng thng y = a v th
2
8 y t t = + vi t > 0
lp bng bin thin ca hm s
2
8 y t t = + vi t > 0 kt lun pt ch c mt nghim khi
a = 16 hoc 0 a s
3 . ( ) ( )
2 3
4 8
2
log 1 2 log 4 log 4 x x x + + = + + (2) iu kin:
1 0
4 4
4 0
1
4 0
x
x
x
x
x
+ =
< <
>

=
+ >

( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
(2) log 1 2 log 4 log 4 log 1 2 log 16
log 4 1 log 16 4 1 16
x x x x x
x x x x
+ + = + + + + =
+ = + =

2
4 12 0 (3) x x + = ;
( )
2
(3)
6
x
x
=
loi

Vi 4 1 x < < ta c phng trnh
2
4 20 0 x x = (4); ( )
( )
2 24
4
2 24
x
x
=

= +
loi

Vy phng trnh cho c hai nghim l 2 x = hoc
( )
2 1 6 x =
4/ Pt u y 2x + 8 =
( )
6
2 2 y x =
th vo pt th hai ta c:
2 3
8 2 .3 2.3
x x x x
+ = 8 18 2.27
x x x
+ =
8 18
2
27 27
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
3
2 2
2
3 3
x x
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

t: t =
2
3
x
| |
|
\ .
, (k t > 0 ) , ta c pt: ( )( )
3 2
2 0 1 2 0 t t t t t + = + + =
0
1
0
x
t
y
=
=

=

190/ : 1. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
4 2 2
2 3 15 0
2 4 5 0
x y x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

2. Gii phng trnh: . 25 log ) 20 . 15 5 . 10 log( + = + x
x x

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3.Gii bt phng trnh
2 2
2
1 log log ( 2) log (6 ) x x x + + + >

Gii:
1/ H pt
2 2
2 2 2
( 1)( 2) 4( 1) 4( 2) 5
( 1) ( 2) 10
x y x y
x y
+ + =
+ =
. t
2
1
2
u x
v y
=

Ta c hpt
2 2 2
10 ( ) 2 10
4( ) 5 4( ) 5
u v u v uv
uv u v uv u v
+ = + =

+ + = + + =

10
45
u v
uv
+ =
(v nghim) hoc
2
3
u v
uv
+ =
3
1
u
v
=
hoc
1
3
u
v
=

+)
3
1
u
v
=
Tm c 2 nghim ( ; ) (2;1) x y = v ( ; ) ( 2;1) x y =

+)
1
3
u
v
=
Tm c nghim ( ; ) (0;5) x y =
2/ PT ( ) ( )
x x x
10 . 25 log 20 . 15 5 . 10 log = +
x x x
10 . 25 20 . 15 5 . 10 = +
0 10 2 . 25 4 . 15 = +
x x
x
5 )
t ) 0 ( 2 > = t t
x
, Ta c pt : 15t
2
- 25t +10 = 0
=
=
) (
3
2
) ( 1
tm t
tm t

Vi 1 = t 0 1 2 = = x
x

Vi
|
.
|
\
|
= = =
3
2
log
3
2
2
3
2
2
x t
x

|
.
|
\
|
=
3
2
log
2
x .
3 / k: 0< x< 6. BPT
2 2
2 2
log (2 4 ) log (6 ) x x x + >
BPT
2 2 2
2 4 (6 ) 16 36 0 x x x x x + > + > x < -18 hoc x > 2
Kt hp k ta c tp nghim BPT l S =(2; 6)

191/ 1. Gii h phng trnh :
2
2 2 2
2 2 (1 )
1
( 2 )(1 ) 9
x y xy xy x
x y
xy
=
+ + =

2.Gii phng trnh:
2 3
1
2
2
(6 1) log ( 1) ( 1) log ( 1) 7 0 x x x x + + + + =
3. Gii phng trnh:
3
2 1 1 3 2
7 3
2 4 4 6
2 2
x x
x x x

= +
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Gii:
1/ iu kin H
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
(2 )(1 ) 2 2 2 2
1 1
( 2 )( ) 12 ( 2 )(1 ) 12
x y xy xy x y xy x y xy
xy
x y x y
xy xy
+ = + =

+

+ = + + =

, 0 x y = .
Do 1 0 xy + = ,nn h

2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
(1 )
12(2 ) 4( 2 )
( 2 ) 12( )
1
xy
x y
xy
x y x y
xy
x y
xy
= +
+ =
2 2
11 12 0
11
y x
x xy y
y x
=
+ =

=

Vy h c nghim (1;1)

2/ Gii phng trnh:
2 3
1
2
2
(6 1) log ( 1) ( 1) log ( 1) 7 0 x x x x + + + + =
HD: iu kin:x>-1:Phng trnh
2
2 2
(6 1)log ( 1) (6 6)log ( 1) 7 0 x x x x + + + + =
t ) 1 ( log
2
+ = x t ,Phng trnh tr thnh: 0 7 ) 6 6 ( ) 1 6 (
2
= + + t x t x (*)
+Nu
6
1
0 1 6 = = + x x :Pt (*) c a-b+c=0 nn(*)
+
= +
+
=
=
) 1 (
1 6
7
) 1 ( log
2
1
1 6
7
1
2
x
x
x
x
t
t

Ta c 0
1 6
7
) 1 ( log ) 1 (
2
=
+
+
x
x ;t ) ;
6
1
( )
6
1
; 1 ( ,
1 6
7
) 1 ( log ) (
2
+
e
+
+ = x
x
x x f
) ;
6
1
( )
6
1
; 1 ( , 0
) 1 6 (
42
2 ln ) 1 (
1
) ( '
2
+
e >
+
+
+
= x
x x
x f
Do hm s ng bin trn cc khong )
6
1
; 1 (

v ) ;
6
1
( +
.
+Hm s ng bin trn )
6
1
; 1 (

nn phng trnh c nhiu nht mt nghim trn )
6
1
; 1 (

Th vi
4
3
= x : 0 2 )
4
1
( log ) 1 (
2
= + ng.
+Vi y x = thay vo h ta c :x=y=1
+Vi y=11x thay vo ta c h v nghim

+Nu
6
1
0 1 6 = = + x x ;Pt : 0 7
6
5
log . 7
2
= :V l
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+Hm s ng bin trn ) ;
6
1
( +
nn phng trnh c nhiu nht mt nghim trn ) ;

6
1
( +

Th vi x=1 ta c: 0 1 2 log ) 1 (
2
= ng.
Tm li phng trnh c 3 nghim:
4
3
= x ;
2
1
= x ; x=1
3/ Gii phng trnh:
3
2 1 1 3 2
7 3
2 4 4 6
2 2
x x
x x x

= +
1 6 12 8 2 2 2
2 3 1 2 2
3
+ + = +

x x x x
x x 3 1 2 2
) 1 2 ( 2 2 2
3
+ = +

x x
x x

Xt hm s:
3
2 ) ( t t f
t
+ = c
2
'( ) 2 ln2 3 0
t
f t t t R = + > e .Do f(t) ng bin trn R
Phng trnh: 1 2 2 ) 1 2 ( ) 2 (
3 3
= = x x x f x f
Vy phng trnh c nghim x=1.

192/ :
1.Gii phng trnh:
2 2
36 63 27 15 27 2 9 9 3 x x x x x + = + + .
2.Cho hai s thc x, y tha mn
1 15
2
x y
x y
+
+ + + =
Tm gi tr ln nht v nh nht ca P x y = + .
3. Tm m phng trnh
( )
2
12 4 3 3 24 3 1 2 4 3 x x x m x x + = + + + c nghim .
4.Gii h phng trnh:

( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
log log 9
10 1 log 1 log
9
1 log 2.log 2 log
2
x y
x y
x y
xy
+ =
+ +
+ =

Gii:
1) T du hiu
2 2 2
36 63 27; 2 9 9 3 36x 36x 12 x x x x + + = +

Nhn lin hp v bin lun ta c nghim duy nht
15
27
x =

2.HD.(nhiu cch) t
1 0; 15 0 x u y v + = > + = >
ta a c v h PT i xng. T k PT
c nghim khng m ta tm c
( )
2 1 17 16 P + s s
3.HD. K. t 3 1 2 4 3x 21; 7 t x t
(
= + + e

ta ch vic tm GTLN,NN trn on ny ca hm
s
( )
1
f t t
t
=

4. K, t
2 2
log ; log x u y v = =
v
1 1
; ( , 2) u m v n m n
u v
+ = + = >
Hd: Phng trnh
3
2 1 1 3 2
7 3
2 4 4 6
2 2
x x
x x x

= + 3 7 12 8 2 2
2 3 1 2 2
3
+ =

x x x
x x

1 0 ) 3 4 8 )( 1 ( 0 3 7 12 8
2 2 3
= = + = + x x x x x x x
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Ta c 4 nghim
( )
( )
4, 2 , 2; 2 v giao hon ca b s.
193. Gii phng trnh:
3 3
x 34 x 3 1 + =

Gii:
t
3 3
u x 34, v x 3 = + = . Ta c :
( )( )
2 2 3 3
u v 1
u v 1
u v u v uv 37 u v 37
= =

+ + = =

( )
2
u v 1
u v 1
uv 12
u v 3uv 37
=
=

=
+ =

u 3
v 4
u 4
v 3
=

=

Vi u = -3 , v = - 4 ta c : x = - 61 ; Vi u = 4, v = 3 ta c : x = 30
Vy Pt cho c 2 nghim : x = -61 v x = 30

194/
2 2
(3x y)(x 3y) xy 14
(x y)(x y 14xy) 36
+ + =
+ + + =

Gii:

2 2
(3x y)(x 3y) xy 14
(x y)(x y 14xy) 36
+ + =
+ + + =

k: 0 xy > H ban u tng ng
2
2
[3(x y) 4xy] xy 14
(x y)[(x y) 12xy] 36
+ + =
+ + + =

t
0
a x y
b xy
= +
= >
thay vo h trn c
2 2 2 3
2 2 3 2
(3 4 ) 14 3 4 14
( 12 ) 36 12 36
a b b a b b
a a b a ab

+ = + =

+ = + =

Nhn thy a=0 khng l nghim ca h trn. t b=ka thay vo h trn c
3 3
3 2
(3 4 ) 14
(1 12 ) 36(1)
a k k
a k
+ =
+ =
. Ta suy
ra phng trnh 72k
3
-84k
2
+54k-7=0
1 1
6
6 6
k b a a b = = = thay vo (1) c a=3, t b=1/2
3 2 2 3 2 2
3 3
2 2
1 1
3 2 2 3 2 2
2 4
2 2
x y x y x x
hoac
xy xy
y y

+
+ = + = = =

= =
+

= =

195/ . Gii phng trnh:
2 2
x 3 x 1 x x 2 0 + = ( xe )
Gii: Gii phng trnh:
2 2
x 3 x 1 x x 2 0 + = ( xe )

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K:
2
x 3 0
x 3
x 1 0
>
>
>
; t
2
u x 3 , u 0 = > , v x 1 , v 0 = >
Suy ra:
2 2 2
u v x x 2 =
Ta c phng trnh:
2 2
u v u v 0 + =
( )( ) u v u v u v 0 + + = ( )( ) u v 1 u v 0 + + =
u v
u v 1
=

+ =

V u 0; v 0 > > nn loi u + v = 1
Khi u = v
2 2
x 3 x 1 x x 2 0 = =
x 1
x 2
=

V x 3 > , nn x = 1 loi. Vy phng trnh c 1 nghim x = 2.

196/. Gii h phng trnh:
2 8
2 2 2 2
log 3log ( 2)
1 3
x y x y
x y x y
+ = +
+ + =
.
Gii:
iu kin: x+y>0, x-y>0
2 8
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
log 3log (2 ) 2
1 3 1 3
x y x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y

+ = + + = +

+ + = + + =

t:
u x y
v x y
= +
ta c h: 2 2 2 2
2 ( ) 2 4
2 2
3 3
2 2
u v u v u v uv
u v u v
uv uv

= > + = +

+ + + +
= =

2
2 4 (1)
( ) 2 2
3 (2)
2
u v uv
u v uv
uv
+ = +

+ +
=
. Th (1) vo (2) ta c:
2
8 9 3 8 9 (3 ) 0 uv uv uv uv uv uv uv + + = + + = + = . Kt hp (1) ta c:
0
4, 0
4
uv
u v
u v
=
= =
+ =
(v u>v). T ta c: x =2; y =2.(T/m)

KL: Vy nghim ca h l: (x; y)=(2; 2).

197/ . 1.Gii h phng trnh
3 2 3 2
2
3 5.6 4.2 0
( 2 )( 2 )
x y x x y
x y y y x y x

+ =
= + +

2. Gii bt phng trnh
2 3
3 4
2
log ( 1) log ( 1)
0
5 6
x x
x x
+ +
>

Gii:
1/ K:
, 0 x y
x y
>
>

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H phng trnh
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0 3 5.6 4.2 0
(2 )( 2 ) 2 (2 )( 2 )( )
x y x x y x y x x y
x y y y x y x x y y x y x x y y

+ = + =

= + = + +

3 2 3 2
3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0
3 5.6 4.2 0
2 0 (2 )[( 2 )( ) 1] 0
x y x x y
x y x x y
y x y x y x x y y

+ =
+ =

= + + + =

(do 2 )( ) 1 0 y x x y y + + + = )
3 2 3 2 2 2
3 5.6 4.2 0 3 5.6 4.2 0 (1)
2 2 (2)
x y x x y x x x
y x y x

+ = + =

= =

Gii (1):
2 2 2
3
( ) 1
3 3
2
3 5.6 4.2 0 ( ) 5.( ) 4 0
3 2 2
( ) 4
2
x
x x x x x
x
+ = + =

3
2
0
log 4
x
x
=

Vi x = 0 thay vao (2) ta c y = 0
Vi
3
2
log 4 x = thay vao (2) ta c y =
3
2
1
log 4
2

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
3
2
log 4 x = ,y =
3
2
1
log 4
2

2 2
2
2 5
( 2 )( 3) 3
x y xy x y
x x x y y
+ + + =
+ + =
( ; x y R e )
2. Gii h phng trnh :
2
2
log ( ) log 1
2 3 2 1 2
y x x
y x
=
+ =

Gii:
1/ Nu y = 0
2
0
2 0
2
x
x x
x
=
+ =

=
h c nghim (0;0);(-2;0)
Nu 0 y = , hpt
2
2
2
5
2
.( 3) 3
x x
x y
y
x x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ =
;t
2
2
3
x x
u
y
v x y
+
=
= +
ta c h:
2 3
3 1
u v u
uv v
+ = =

= =

hoc
1
3
u
v
=

Vi
2
2
3 3 1
1 1
3 1
x x
u x
y
v y
x y
+
= = =

= =

+ =
hoc
6
8
x
y
=

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Vi
1
3
u
v
=

2
2
1
3 3
x x
y
x y
+
=
+ =
(v nghim)
Vy h phng trnh cho c 4 nghim (x; y) l: (0; 0) ; (-2; 0); (1; 1) v (-6; 8)
2/ k:
1
2
x
y x
>
>
; Pt hai 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 y x y x x + = + =
Th vo pt cn li ta c :
2 2
2log 2 2 1 log 1 x x =
2
4(2 1) 2 2 2
log 1 4(2 1) 2
3 3
3
x
x x x y
x
= = = = + ,(tmk)
KL: h c nghim (x;y) l (
2
3
;
2 2
3
3
+ )
199/ 1) Gii phng trnh sau:
2
1 1
2
2
x
x
+ =
.

2 2
2
2
3 2
2010
2009
2010
3log ( 2 6) 2log ( 2) 1
y x
x
y
x y x y
+
=
+ + = + + +

Gii: 1/+) K: ( 2; 2) \ {0} xe
+) t
2
2 , 0 y x y = > Ta c h:
2 2
2
2
x y xy
x y
+ =
+ =

+) Gii h x ta c x = y = 1 v
1 3 1 3
2 2
;
1 3 1 3
2 2
x x
y y

+
= =

+

= =

+) Kt hp iu kin ta c: x = 1 v
1 3
2
x

=

2/
2 2
2
2
3 2
2010
2009 (1)
2010
3log ( 2 6) 2log ( 2) 1(2)
y x
x
y
x y x y
+
=
+ + = + + +

+) K: x + 2y = 6 > 0 v x + y + 2 > 0
+) Ly loga c s 2009 v a v pt:
2 2 2 2
2009 2009
log ( 2010) log ( 2010) x x y y + + = + +

+) Xt v CM HS
2009
( ) log ( 2010), 0 f t t t t = + + >
ng bin,
t suy ra x
2
= y
2
x= y, x = - y
+) Vi x = y th vo (2) v a v pt: 3log
3
(x +2) = 2log
2
(x + 1) = 6t
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a pt v dng
1 8
1
9 9
t t
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
, cm pt ny c nghim duy nht t = 1
x = y =7
+) Vi x = - y th vo (2) c pt: log
3
(y + 6) = 1 y = - 3 x = 3
2 0
1 2 1 1
x y xy
x y

2. Gii bt phng trnh:
3 2
4
) 3 2 ( ) 3 2 (
1 2 1 2
2 2
s + +
+ x x x x

Gii: 1. k:
1
1
2
x
y
>
>

(1)

( ) 0 ( )( 2 ) 0
2 0
2
0( )
x y y xy x y x y
x y
x y
x y voly
+ = + =
=
=
+ =

x = 4y Thay vo (2) c

4 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 1 1
4 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1
1
( )
2 1 0 2
2
5 10
2 1 2
( )
2
y y y y
y y y y y
y tm
y x
x
y
y tm
= = +
= + + =
=
= =

=
=

Vy h c hai nghim (x;y) = (2;1/2) v (x;y) = (10;5/2)
2/ Bpt
( ) ( ) 4 3 2 3 2
2 2
2 2
s + +
x x x x

( ) ) 0 ( 3 2
2
2
> + =

t t
x x
BPTTT :
4
1
s +
t
t

2
4 1 0 t t + s 3 2 3 2 + s s t (tm)
Khi :
( ) 3 2 3 2 3 2
2
2
+ s + s
x x
1 2 1
2
s s x x 2 1 2 1 0 1 2
2
+ s s s x x x

200. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
2 2 3
x y 1
x y 2xy y 2
+ =
+ + =

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Gii:

( ) ( )
( ) 1 3 4 x y 1 1 3 3
2x 2 x y 2 x y
y x y x x y xy
.
1 3 1 3 1 3
2y 2x 2x
x y y x y x
x y
1 3
x y 1
x y
2x
x x
x y 1
xy 2
2
x 2, y 2
y 1 3
2x
x
y x
x 2, y 2
x 3
2x
2 x
| | | |
+ = + = =
| |

\ . \ .

+ = + = + =

= =
=
+ =

= =
=

= =
=

+ =

= =

201. Gii phng trnh : 3
2
3
5 1 2 ) 1 3 (
2 2
+ = + x x x x
Gii:
PT 6 3 10 1 2 ) 1 3 ( 2
2 2
+ = + x x x x
2 3 2 ) 1 2 ( 4 1 2 ) 1 3 ( 2
2 2 2
+ + = + x x x x x . t ) 0 ( 1 2
2
> = t x t
Pt tr thnh 0 2 3 2 ) 1 3 ( 2 4
2 2
= + + + x x t x t
Ta c:
2 2 2
) 3 ( ) 2 3 2 ( 4 ) 1 3 ( ' = + + = A x x x x T ta c phng trnh c nghim :
2
2
;
2
1 2 +
=
=
x
t
x
t
Thay vo cch t gii ra ta c phng trnh c cc nghim:
)
`
+
e
7
60 2
;
2
6 1
x
202. Gii bt phng trnh :
2 2
1 1
5 5
x x +
> 24. (2)

Gii: Gii bt phng trnh :
2 2
1 1
5 5
x x +
> 24. (2)
(2)
( ) ( )
2 2
2
5 5 24 5 5 0
x x

2
5 5
x
x
2
> 1
1
1
x
x

203. 1)
2 2
2 2
1 4
( ) 2 7 2
x y xy y
y x y x y
+ + + =
+ = + +
; 2)
1 2
1 2
2log [(1 )( 2)] 2log (1 ) 6
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1
x y
x y
x y x
y x
+
+
+ + =
+ +

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Gii: 1) 0 y = , ta c:
2
2 2
2 2 2
2
1
4
1 4
.
( ) 2 7 2 1
( ) 2 7
x
x y
y x y xy y
y x y x y x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ + + =

+ = + + +

+ =

t
2
1
,
x
u v x y
y
+
= = + ta c h:
2 2
4 4 3, 1
2 7 2 15 0 5, 9
u v u v v u
v u v v v u
+ = = = =

= + = = =

+) Vi 3, 1 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1, 2 1 1 2 0
2, 5 3 3 3
x y x y x y x x
x y x y y x y x
= = + = + = + =

= = + = = =

.
+) Vi 5, 9 v u = = ta c h:
2 2 2
1 9 1 9 9 46 0
5 5 5
x y x y x x
x y y x y x
+ = + = + + =

+ = = =

, h ny v nghim.
KL: Vy h cho c hai nghim: ( ; ) {(1; 2), ( 2; 5)}. x y =
2) + iu kin:
2
2 2 0, 2 1 0, 5 0, 4 0
( )
0 1 1, 0 2 1
xy x y x x y x
I
x y
+ + > + > + > + >
< = < + =
.
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
2log [(1 )( 2)] 2log (1 ) 6 log ( 2) log (1 ) 2 0 (1)
( )
log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1 log ( 5) log ( 4) = 1(2).
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y x
I
y x y x
+ +
+ +
+ + = + + =

+ + + +

t
2
log (1 )
y
x t
+
= th (1) tr thnh:
2
1
2 0 ( 1) 0 1. t t t
t
+ = = =
Vi 1 t = ta c: 1 2 1(3). x y y x = + = Th vo (2) ta c:
2
1 1 1
4 4
log ( 4) log ( 4) = 1 log 1 1 2 0
4 4
x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x

+ +
+ + = = + =
+ +

0
2
x
x
=
. Suy ra:
1
1
y
y
=
.
+ Kim tra thy ch c 2, 1 x y = = tho mn iu kin trn.

204. Gii phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
8
4 2
2
1 1
log 3 log 1 log 4 2
2 4
x x x + + =
Gii:
iu kin: 0 1 x < = ; ( ) ( ) 2 3 1 4 x x x + =
Trng hp 1: 1 x > ( )
2
2 2 0 2 x x x = =
Trng hp 2: 0 1 x < < ( )
2
2 6 3 0 2 3 3 x x x + = =
Vy tp nghim ca (2) l
{ }
2; 2 3 3 T =
205. Gii h phng trnh
3 3
3 3
x y
y x
+ =
+ =

Gii: iu kin: 0 3, 0 3 x y s s s s
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Ta c
3 3
3 3
x y
y x
+ =
+ =

2 (3 ) 0
2 (3 ) 0
x y x y
y x y x
+ =
+ =

(3 ) (3 ) 0
(3 ) 0
(3 ) 0
x y y x
x y
y x
+ =
=

0
0
3
3
x
y
x
y
=

=
Kim tra ta thy

0 3
,
0 3
x x
y y
= =

= =

tha mn.
Kt lun : H c h c hai nghim
0 3
,
0 3
x x
y y
= =

= =

206. Gii bt phng trnh :
2 2
1 1
5 5
x x +
> 24. (2)
Gii:
Gii bt phng trnh :
2 2
1 1
5 5
x x +
> 24. (2)
(2)
( ) ( )
2 2
2
5 5 24 5 5 0
x x

2
5 5
x
x
2
> 1
1
1
x
x

207. 1/ Gii phng trnh:
2 2
7 5 3 2 ( ) x x x x x x + + = e
2/ Gii h phng trnh
( )
1 4
4
2 2
1
log log 1
( , )
25
y x
y
x y
x y
+ =

Gii :
1/ Gii phng trnh:
2 2
7 5 3 2 ( ) x x x x x x + + = e
2
2 2
3 2 0
7 5 3 2
x x
PT
x x x x x
>

+ + =
2
3 2 0
5 2( 2)
x x
x x x
>

+ = +
3 1
0
2
5 2.
x
x
x
x
x
s s
+
+ =

( )( )
2
2 0
1 16 0
x
x x
s <

+ =
1 x = . Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim x = - 1.

2/ Gii h phng trnh
( )
1 4
4
2 2
1
log log 1
( , )
25
y x
y
x y
x y
+ =

iu kin:
0
0
y x
y
>
>
H phng trnh
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( )
4 4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
log log 1 log 1
4
25 25 25
y x y x
y x
y y y
x y x y x y

+ = = =

+ = + = + =

2 2 2 2 2
3
3 3
25
25 9 25
10
x y
x y x y
y x y y y
=
= =

= + = + =

( )
( )
15 5
; ;
10 10
15 5
; ;
10 10
x y
x y
| |
=
|
\ .

| |
=
|
\ .
(khng tha mn k)
208 1/ Gii phng trnh: x
2
4x - 3 = x 5 +
2/ Gii phng trnh :
( )
5
log x 3
2 x
+
=

Gii:
( )
( )
2
2
x 2 y 5
x y 0
5 29
x
2
x 2 y 5
x 1
x y 3 0
y 2
= +
=

+
=

= +

+ + =

>

Vy nghim ca PT cho l : x = 2
1/ x
2
- 4x + 3 = x 5 + (1)
TX : D = | 5; ) + ( ) ( )
2
1 x 2 7 x 5 = +
t y - 2 = x 5 + , ( )
2
y 2 y 2 x 5 > = +
Ta c h :
( )
( )
( )
( )( )
2
2
2
x 2 y 5
x 2 y 5
y 2 x 5 x y x y 3 0
y 2 y 2
= +
= +

= + + + =

> >

2/ K : x > 0 PT cho tng ng vi : log
5
( x + 3) = log
2
x (1)
t t = log
2
x, suy ra x = 2
t

( ) ( )
t t t
5
2 log 2 3 t 2 3 5 + = + =
t t
2 1
3 1
3 5
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
(2)
Xt hm s : f(t) =
t t
2 1
3
3 5
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
; f'(t) =
t t
2 1
ln0, 4 3 ln0, 2 0, t
3 5
| | | |
+ < e
| |
\ . \ .

Suy ra f(t) nghch bin trn R
Li c : f(1) = 1 nn PT (2) c nghim duy nht t = 1 hay log
2
x = 1 hay x =2
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208. Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 + > (1)
Gii: Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 + > (1)
(1) ( )
( )
2
4 3 3 4 2 0 x x x + >
Ta c: 4x-3=0<=>x=3/4

2
3 4 2 x x + =0<=>x=0;x=3
Bng xt du:
x - 0 2 +
4x-3 - - 0 + +
2
3 4 2 x x + + 0 - - 0 +
V tri - 0 + 0 - 0 +
Vy bt phng trnh c nghim:
| )
3
0; 3;
4
x
(
e +
(

209. 1/ Gii h phng trnh :
2 2
8
7
1
x y x y
x y
y x xy
+ + + =
+ + =

( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 2 1
2 5
1 1 1
3 3 4 0
x x + +
+ >
Gii:
1/ H
( )
2
2
3
( ) 2 8
2
7
1
x y
x y x y xy
x y
x y xy
x y xy
+ =
+ + + =

+ =

+ =

+ =
:
Vy nghim ca h l : (x;y) = (1 ;2) ,( 2 ; 1) ,( 1;-3 ) (-3; 1)
2/

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
3 1 3 5
5
2 2
3 1 5
5
2 2 2 2
5 5
2
2
2
k x 0: Bpt log log 1 log log 1 0
log log 1 log 1 0
log 1 1 0 log 1 1 1 5
5 0
12
1 5
5 1 5
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x x x
x
x x x
x x
> + + + + <
| |
+ + + <
|
\ .
+ + < < + + < + + <
>
+ < <
+ <

Kt hp k ta c 0 < x <
12
5

3/ k : 1 x >
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Pt
1
2 1 1
1
3 3 1 1 0
3 4.3 3 0
1
1 0 3 1
x
x x
x
x x
x
x
+
+ +
+

> + > >
+ >

=
+ s s

Nghim bt pt l : T = { } | ) 1 0; +
210. 1.Gii h phng trnh :
4 3 2 2
3 2
1
1
x x y x y
x y x xy
+ =
+ =

2)Gii phng trnh: 2 2
2
(24 1) (24 1) (24 1)
log log
x x x x x
Log x x x
+ + +
+ =
3)Gii bt phng trnh: log
x
( log
3
( 9
x
72 )) s 1
Gii:
1/*Bin i h tng ng vi
2 2 3
3 2
( ) 1
( ) 1
x xy x y
x y x xy
=

*t n ph
2
3
x xy u
x y v
=
, ta c h
2
1
1
u v
v u
=

*Gii h trn c nghim (u;v) l (1;0) v (-2;-3)

*T gii c nghim (x;y) l (1;0) v (-1;0)
2/ *iu kin :x>0
*TH1 : xt x=1 l nghim
*TH2 : xt 1 x = , bin i phng trnh tng ng vi

1 2 1
1 2log (24 1) 2 log (24 1) log (24 1)
x x x
x x x
+ =
+ + + + +

t log ( 1)
x
x t + = , ta c phng trnh

1 2 1
1 2 2 t t t
+ =
+ +
gii c t=1 v t=-2/3
*Vi t=1 log ( 1) 1
x
x + = phng trnh ny v nghim
*Vi t=-2/3
2
log ( 1)
3
x
x + =

2 3
.(24 1) 1 x x + = (*)
Nhn thy
1
8
x = l nghim ca (*)
Nu
1
8
x > th VT(*)>1
Nu
1
8
x < th VT(*)<1 , vy (*) c nghim duy nht
1
8
x =
*Kt lun : Cc nghim ca phng trnh cho l x=1 v
1
8
x =
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3/ *iu kin :
3
0
log (9 72) 0
9 72 0
x
x
x >
>
>
gii c
9
log 73 x >
V
9
log 73 x > >1 nn bpt cho tng ng vi

3
log (9 72)
x
x s 9 72 3
x x
s
3 8
3 9
x
x
>
2 x s
*Kt lun tp nghim :
9
(log 72; 2] T =
211. 1. Gii bt phng trnh |
.
|
\
|
+ > + x x x x x
2
1
log ) 2 ( 2 2 ) 1 4 4 ( log
2
1
2
2

2/ Gii h phng trnh
+ = + +
= +
+ +
1 1 3
2 . 3 2 2
2
3 2 1 3
x xy x
x y y x

Gii:
1/ K: ( ) *
2
1
x
2
1
x
2
1
x
0 ) 1 x 2 (
2
1
x
0 1 x 4 x 4
0 x
2
1
2 2
<
=
<
>
<
> +
>

Vi iu kin (*) bt phng trnh tng ng vi: | | 1 ) x 2 1 ( log ) 2 x ( 2 x 2 ) x 2 1 ( log 2
2 2
+ + >
| | 0 1 ) x 2 1 ( log x
2
< +
<
>
>
<
<
>
>
<
<
>
> +
<
< +
>
0 x
4
1
x
1 ) x 2 1 ( 2
0 x
1 ) x 2 1 ( 2
0 x
0 ) x 2 1 ( 2 log
0 x
0 ) x 2 1 ( 2 log
0 x
0 1 ) x 2 1 ( log
0 x
0 1 ) x 2 1 ( log
0 x
2
2
2
2

Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c:
2
1
x
4
1
< < hoc x < 0.
2/
+ = + +
= +
+ +
) 2 ( 1 x xy 1 x 3
) 1 ( 2 . 3 2 2
2
x 3 y 2 y 1 x 3

Phng trnh (2)
= +
>
+ = + +
> +
0 ) 1 3 (
1
1 1 3
0 1
2
y x x
x
x xy x
x

=
>
=
= +
=
>
x y
x
x
y x
x
x
3 1
1
0
0 1 3
0
1

* Vi x = 0 thay vo (1)
11
8
log
11
8
2 2 . 12 2 8 2 . 3 2 2
2
2
= = = + = +

y
y y y y y

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* Vi
=
>
x y
x
3 1
1
thay y = 1 3x vo (1) ta c: 2 . 3 2 2
1 3 1 3
= +
+ x x

t
1 3
2
+
=
x
t V 1 > x nn
4
1
> t
( )
( ) | |
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
= + = +
) 8 3 ( log 2 y
1 8 3 log
3
1
x
8 3 t
i lo 8 3 t
0 1 t 6 t 6
t
1
t ) 3 (
2
2
2

212 1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2
1 3 2
1 3
x x
x x
= + +
+ +

2.Gii h phng trnh:
2 2 2
3 3 3
log 3 log log
log 12 log log
x y y x
x x y y
+ = +
+ = +
. .
Gii: 1/ TX: x
| |
1;3 e t t= 1 3 , t > 0 x x + + =>
2
2
4
3 2
2
t
x x

+ =
c pt: t
3
- 2t - 4 = 0 t=2 Vi t = 2
1
1 3 =2 ( / )
3
x
x x t m
x
=
+ +

=

2/ TX:
0
0
x
y
>
>

2 2 2
3 3 3
log 3 log log 3 . 2 .
log 12 log log
12 . 3 .
x y
x y
x y y x y x
x x y y
x y
+ = + =

+ = +
=

2
3 . 2 .
x y
y x
y x
=
4
3
4
3
log 2
2log 2
x
y
=
(t/m TX)
213. Gii bt phng trnh:
2
51 2x x
1
1 x

<
.
Gii:

2
2
2
2 2
1 0
51 2 0
51 2
1 1 0
1
51 2 0
51 2 (1 )
x
x x
x x
x
x
x x
x x x
<
>

< >
>
<
1
1 52; 1 52
1
( ; 5) (5; )
1 52; 1 52
x
x
x
x
x
>
(
e +
<
e +
(
e +

) (
1 52; 5 1; 1 52 x
(
e +

214. a)Gii bt phng trnh: 9
2 2 2
2 1 2 2 1
34.15 25 0
x x x x x x + +
+ >
b)Tm a h phng trnh sau c nghim :
x+1 1
2 1
y a
x y a
+ =
+ = +

Gii: a)
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 2 2 1 2(2 ) 2
9 34.15 25 0 9.3 34.3
x x x x x x x x x x + +
+ > .
2 2
2 2(2 )
5 25.5 0
x x x x
+ >
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2
2
2
2
2
2(2 ) 2
2
3
1
5 3 3
9. 34. 25 0
5 5
3 25
5 9
x x
x x x x
x x
| |
<
|
\ . | | | |
+ >
| |
\ . \ .

| |
>
|
\ .
2
2 0
( ;1 3) (0; 2) (1 3; )
2 2
x x
x
x x
>
e + +
<

KL: Bpt c tp nghim l T=( ;1 3) (0; 2) (1 3; ) + +
b) /k 1; 1 x y > > .Bt pt
2 2
1 1
( 1) ( 1) 2 1
x y a
x y a
+ + =
+ + = +

2
1 1
1
1. 1 (2 1)
2
x y a
x y a a
+ + =

( + = +
; Vy
1 x + v 1 y l nghim ca p/t: T
2
2
1
( 2 1) 0*
2
aT a a + = .R rng h trn c nghim khi p/t*
c 2 nghim khng m
2 2
2
0 2( 2 1) 0
0 0 1 2 2 6
0 1
( 2 1) 0
2
a a a
S a a
P
a a
A > >

> > + s s +

>
>

215. 1/ Gii h phng trnh:
2
5 3
x y x y y
x y
+ + =
+ =
(x, ye R)
2/ Gii bt phng trnh
2
2
log
2log
2 20 0
x
x
x + s
2

Gii:
1/ K: x + y > 0 , x - y > 0, y > 0
PT(1)
2 2 2 2
2 2 4 2 x x y y x y y x + = =
2
2 0 (3)
5 4 (4)

y x
y xy
>

T PT(4) y = 0 v 5y = 4x

Vi y = 0 th vo PT(2) ta c x = 9 (Khng tha mn k (3))
Vi 5y = 4x th vo PT(2) ta c 2 3 1 x x x + = =
KL: HPT c 1 nghim
4
( ; ) 1;
5
x y
| |
=
|
\ .

2/ iu kin: x> 0 ; BPT
2
2 2
4log 2log
2 20 0
x x
x + s t
2
log t x = . Khi 2
t
x = .
BPT tr thnh
2 2
2 2
4 2 20 0
t t
+ s . t y =
2
2
2
t
; y > 1.
BPT tr thnh y
2
+ y - 20 s 0 - 5 s y s 4.
i chiu iu kin ta c :
2
2 2 2
2 4 2 2 1
t
t t s s s - 1 s t s 1.
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Do - 1 s
2
log x s 1
1
2
2
x s s
216. 1/Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =

( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 3 1
3 5
Gii:

1/
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2
1 1
0
2
xy
x y
x y
dk x y
x y x y
+ + =
+
+ >
+ =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 3 2
1 2 1 0 2 2 0
xy
x y xy x y xy x y xy x y
x y
+ + = + + + + =
+

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
1 2 1 0 1 1 2 0
1 3
0 4
x y x y xy x y x y x y x y xy
x y
x y x y
+ + + = + + + + = (

+ =

+ + + =

D thy (4) v nghim v x+y>0 ; Th (3) vo (2) ta c
2
1 x y =
Gii h
2
1 1; 0
2; 3 1
x y x y
x y x y
+ = = =

= = =

2/
( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 3 1
3 5
log log 1 log log 1 (1) x x x x + + > +

k: 0 x >
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
3 1 3 5
5
2 2
3 1 5
5
2 2
5
1 log log 1 log log 1 0
log log 1 .log 1 0
log 1 1
x x x x
x x x x
x x
+ + + + <
| |
+ + + <
|
\ .
+ + <

( )
2
5
0 log 1 1 x x < + + < *)
( )
2
5
0 log 1 0 x x x < + + >
*)
( )
2 2 2
5
12
log 1 1 1 5 1 5 ...
5
x x x x x x x + + < + + < + < <
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Vy BPT c nghim
12
0;
5
x
| |
e
|
\ .

217.
1. Gii phng trnh:
( ) 1
x log 1
4
3 log x log 2
3
x 9 3
=

2. Gii bt phng trnh: 1 2 3 x x x >
3. Gii phng trnh :
( ) ( ) 2 1 x 2 log 1 x log
3
2
3
= +

Gii:
1. Phng trnh: ( ) 1
x log 1
4
3 log x log 2
3
x 9 3
=
(1)
(1) ( ) 1
x log 1
4
x 9 log
1
x log 2
3 3
3
=
1
x log 1
4
x log 2
x log 2
3 3
3
=

t: t = log
3
x thnh
2
2 t 4
1 t 3t 4 0
2 t 1 t
= =
+
(v t = -2, t = 1 khng l nghim)
t 1 hay t 4 = = ; Do , (1)
3
1
log x 1 hay x 4 x hayx 81
3
= = = =
2. k: 3 x >
Bpt
2
1 2 3 2 5 6 4 x x x x x x + > + + s

2
3 4
4 0
6 2 3
3
6 2 3 6 2 3
3 3 12 8 0
3 3
x
x
x
x x x
s s
>
+
s s

+
+ s s s

3. Gii phng trnh: ( ) ( ) 2 1 x 2 log 1 x log
3
2
3
= +
k:
1
1
2
x < = ; pt ( )
3 3
2log x 1 2log 2x 1 2 + = ( )
3 3
log x 1 log 2x 1 1 + =
( )
3 3
log x 1 2x 1 log 3 = ( ) x 1 2x 1 3 =
> < <
=
+ =
2
2
1
x 1 x 1
hoac
2
2x 3x 2 0
2x 3x 4 0(vn)
x 2 =

218. Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Gii: K:
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt phng trnh cho t- ng - ng vi ) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
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t t = log
2
x,
BPT (1) ) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t

< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
2
1
; 0 (

219 . 1. Gii h phng trnh
2
2 2
1
2 2
2 2
x x
y
y y x y
+ =

2.Gii bt phng trnh
2 3
3 4
2
log ( 1) log ( 1)
0
5 6
x x
x x
+ +
>

Gii
1. K : 0 y =
h
2
2
1
2 2 0
2 1
2 0
x x
y
x
y y
+ =
+ =
a h v dng
2
2
2 2 0
2 2 0
u u v
v v u
+ =
+ =

2
3 7 3 7
1
2 2
1
1
1 7 1 7
2 2 0
2 2
u v
u u
u v
u v hoac hoac
u v
v v v v u

+
=
= =

= =
=

= =
+

= = + =

T ta c nghim ca h : (-1 ;-1),(1 ;1), (
3 7 2
;
2 7 1
), (
3 7 2
;
2 7 1
+
+
)
2. k: x > - 1
bt phng trnh
3
3
3
3log ( 1)
2log ( 1)
log 4
0
( 1)( 6)
x
x
x x
+
+
>
+
3
log ( 1)
0
6
x
x
+
<
0 6 x < <

220. Gii phng trnh :

2 2
1 2 2 1 2 2
2
2
log (5 2 ) log (5 2 ).log (5 2 ) log (2 5) log (2 1).log (5 2 )
x
x x x x x x
+
+ = + +
Gii: K :
1 5
2 2
0
x
x

< <
. Vi K trn PT cho tng ng vi

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2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
log (5 2 )
log (5 2 ) 2log (5 2 ) 2log (5 2 ) log (2 1)
log (2 1)
x
x x x x
x
+ = + +
+

2
2 2
2
1
4
log (2 1) 1
1
log (5 2 ) 2log (2 1) 2
2
log (5 2 ) 0
2
x
x
x x x x
x
x

=
+ =

= + = v =

Kt hp vi K trn PT cho c 3 nghim x=-1/4 , x=1/2 v x=2

221.
1. Gii h phng trnh:
1 1 4
6 4 6
x y
x y
+ + =
+ + + =

4. Tm a bt phng trnh sau c nghim:
2
1 1
3 3
log 1 log ( ) x ax a + > +
5. Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
log log
3 1 . 3 1 1
x x
x x + + = +
Gii:
1. iu kin: x>-1, y>1
1 6 1 4 10
6 1 4 1 2
x x y y
x x y y
+ + + + + + =
+ + + + =
t u= 1 6 x x + + + , v = 1 4 y y + + . Ta c h
10
5 5
2
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

{
5
5
u
v
=
=

{
3
5
x
y
=
=
l nghim ca h
4.iu kin: ax + a > 0
Bpt tng ng
2
1 ( 1) x a x + < + ; Nu a>0 th x +1 >0.Ta c
2
1
1
x
a
x
+
<
+

2
1
1
x
a
x
+
>
+
; Xt hm s y =
2
1
1
x
x
+
+
vi x = - 1
y =
2 2
1
( 1) 1
x
x x
+ +
=0 khi x=1

x - -1 1 +
y

- || - 0 +
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y
-1 + 1

-
2
2

a>
2
2
hoc a < - 1.
5.iu kin : x>0 ; t
( )
2
log
3 1
x
+ =u,
( )
2
log
3 1
x
v = ta c pt
u +uv
2
= 1 + u
2
v
2
(uv
2
-1)(u 1) = 0 ;
2
1
1
u
uv
=
. . . x =1

222. Gii h phng trnh:
2 8
2 2 2 2
log 3log ( 2)
1 3
x y x y
x y x y
+ = +
+ + =
.
Gii
iu kin: x+y>0, x-y>0
2 8
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
log 3log (2 ) 2
1 3 1 3
x y x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y

+ = + + = +

+ + = + + =

t:
u x y
v x y
= +
ta c h: 2 2 2 2
2 ( ) 2 4
2 2
3 3
2 2
u v u v u v uv
u v u v
uv uv

= > + = +

+ + + +
= =

2
2 4 (1)
( ) 2 2
3 (2)
2
u v uv
u v uv
uv
+ = +

+ +
=
. Th (1) vo (2) ta c:
2
8 9 3 8 9 (3 ) 0 uv uv uv uv uv uv uv + + = + + = + = .Kt hp (1) ta c:
0
4, 0
4
uv
u v
u v
=
= =
+ =
(v u>v). T ta c: x =2; y =2.(T/m)

KL: Vy nghim ca h l: (x; y)=(2; 2).

s 223 Gii phng trnh:
2007 2006
2006 x 2007 x 1 + =

Gii Nhn xt :
1 x 2006 1
1 x 2007 1
s s
s s
2006 s x s 2007
Ta c : 2006 - x
2007
+ 2007 - x
2006
s 2006 - x+ 2007 - x = x - 2006 + 2007 - x = 1
Vy phng trnh 2006 - x
2007
= 2006 - x v 2007 - x
2006
= 2007 - x
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2006 x 0
2006 x 1
2007 x 0
2007 x 1
=
=

x 2006
x 2005
x 2007
x 2007
x 2006
=
=

x = 2006 hay x = 2007

224 2. Gii h phng trnh
3 2 3 2
2
3 5.6 4.2 0
( 2 )( 2 )
x y x x y
x y y y x y x

+ =
= + +

4. Gii bt phng trnh
2 3
3 4
2
log ( 1) log ( 1)
0
5 6
x x
x x
+ +
>

Gii:
2. K:
, 0 x y
x y
>
>

H phng trnh
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0 3 5.6 4.2 0
(2 )( 2 ) 2 (2 )( 2 )( )
x y x x y x y x x y
x y y y x y x x y y x y x x y y

+ = + =

= + = + +

3 2 3 2
3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0
3 5.6 4.2 0
2 0 (2 )[( 2 )( ) 1] 0
x y x x y
x y x x y
y x y x y x x y y

+ =
+ =

= + + + =

(do 2 )( ) 1 0 y x x y y + + + = )
3 2 3 2 2 2
3 5.6 4.2 0 3 5.6 4.2 0 (1)
2 2 (2)
x y x x y x x x
y x y x

+ = + =

= =

Gii (1):
2 2 2
3
( ) 1
3 3
2
3 5.6 4.2 0 ( ) 5.( ) 4 0
3 2 2
( ) 4
2
x
x x x x x
x
+ = + =

3
2
0
log 4
x
x
=

Vi x 0 thay vao (2) ta c y = 0
Vi
3
2
log 4 x = thay vao (2) ta c y =
3
2
1
log 4
2

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l
3
2
log 4 x = ,y =
3
2
1
log 4
2

4. k: x > - 1 ; bt phng trnh
3
3
3
3log ( 1)
2log ( 1)
log 4
0
( 1)( 6)
x
x
x x
+
+
>
+

3
log ( 1)
0
6
x
x
+
<
0 6 x < <

225 Gii phng trnh: x
2
4x - 3 = x 5 +
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x
2
- 4x + 3 = x 5 + (1)
TX : D = | 5; ) + ; ( ) ( )
2
1 x 2 7 x 5 = +
t y - 2 = x 5 + , ( )
2
y 2 y 2 x 5 > = +
Ta c h
( )
( )
( )
( )( )
2
2
2
x 2 y 5
x 2 y 5
y 2 x 5 x y x y 3 0
y 2 y 2
= +
= +

= + + + =

> >

( )
( )
2
2
x 2 y 5
x y 0
5 29
x
2
x 2 y 5
x 1
x y 3 0
y 2
= +
=

+
=

= +

+ + =

>

s 226.
1. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
2
( , )
4 5(2 )
x y
x y
x y x y xy
+ =
+ =

4.Gii phng trnh: ( ) 0 ) 2 ( 2 ) 2 ( log 7 4 ) 2 ( log 2
2
2
2
= + + x x x x .
5. Gii h phng trnh:
+ =
+ + = + +
4 2 2 ) 2 3 ( log
log ) 7 ( log 1 ) ( log
2
2 2
2
y x y x
y y x y x

Gii:
2. K 0 > xy
xy y x y x ) 2 ( 5 4
2 2
= +
xy y x xy y x ) 2 ( 5 4 ) 2 (
2
= + 0 ) 4 2 )( 2 ( = xy y x xy y x
=
=
0 4 2
0 2
xy y x
xy y x
Vi
0 2 = xy y x ta c 1
2 2 3
2
2
= =
=
= +
y x
x x x
y x
(tho mn)
Vi 0 2 = xy y x ta c
=
= +
2
2 4 2 3
2
x x x
y x
=
+
=
25
6 8 22
25
6 8 22
y
x
(tho mn)
Vy h phng trnh c hai nghim.
4/iu kin: 2 > x , phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )( ) 0 4 2 ) 2 ( log . 1 ) 2 ( log 2
2 2
= + + x x x

= +
= +
0 4 2 ) 2 ( log
0 1 ) 2 ( log 2
2
2
x x
x

Vi 0 1 ) 2 ( log 2
2
= + x ta c
2
1
2 + = x , tho mn.
Gii
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Vi 0 4 2 ) 2 ( log
2
= + x x , ta c 4 2 ) 2 ( log
2
+ = x x y l hm s ng bin trn ( ) + ; 2 nn
2
5
= x l
nghim duy nht. Vy phng trnh c hai nghim
2
1
2 + = x v
2
5
= x
5. iu kin
>
> +
> +
0
0 7
0
y
y x
y x
; Bin i phng trnh u ta c y y x y x ) 7 ( log ) ( 2 log
2
2
2
+ = +

=
=
= +
x y
x y
y xy x
2
0 3 2
2 2

Vi x y = th vo phng trnh th hai ta c 9 4 ) 2 2 ( log
2
= = x x
suy ra 9 = = y x , tho mn iu kin.
Vi x y 2 = th vo phng trnh th hai ta c = x x 2 4 ) 2 ( log
2
0 4 2 ) 2 ( log
2
= + x x
4 2 ) 2 ( log
2
+ = x x y l hm s ng bin trn ( ) + ; 2 nn
2
5
= x l nghim duy nht.
Suy ra
=
=
5
2
5
y
x
, tho mn iu kin. Vy h cho c hai nghim
=
=
9
9
y
x
v
=
=
5
2
5
y
x

s 227 .
5.. Gii bt phng trnh:
2
4 2
(log 8 log )log 2 0
x
x x
Gii:
5) iu kin x > 0 , x = 1
(1)
4 2
8
1 1
2log log 2 0
log 2
x x
x

2 2
2
1
log log 1 0
1
log
3
x x
x

2 2 2
2
2 2
1
log 1 log 1
(log 3) 0 0
1
log log 0
2
x
x x
x
x x x

s 228.
3
2
5 1 5 1 2 0
x x x

4.. Gii phng trnh:
2 3
2 2
log (4 1) log (2 6)
x x
x
Gii:
1)
3
2
5 1 5 1 2 0
x x x

5 1 5 1
2 2 0
2 2
x x

p s:
5 1 5 1
2 2
log ( 2 1) log ( 2 1) x
4/ Pt
2 3
4 1 2 (2 6)
x x x
x = 0
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s 229.
2. Gii h phng trnh
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0
2
x x y xy y
x y x y

Gii:
2) x
3
- 6x
2
y + 9xy
2
4y
3
= 0 ( x y)
2
(x 4y) = 0 *) x = y nghim x = y = 2 *) x = 4y
nghim
32 8 15
8 2 15
x
y

s 230. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y

Gii:
2)
2 2
2
2
1 (1)
(2)
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
iu kin: x + y > 0.
(1) (x + y 1)( x
2
+ y
2
+ x + y) = 0 x + y 1 = 0 y = 1 x
Thay vo (2) ta c: x
2
+ x 2 = 0
H c hai nghim: (1;0), (- 2;3)

s 231. Giai bat phng trnh:
2
3 3
log log
3 162
x x
x
Gii: Nghim x = 9; x = 1/9
s232.
1.Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
2 8 6 1 2 2 x x x x
4. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
log log 2
2 2
4 4 4
4 2 ( )
log ( ) 1 log 2 log ( 3 )
xy
xy
x y x x y
(*)
Gii:
1) iu kin:
2
2
2 8 6 0
1 0
x x
x
x - 3 hoc x 1 hoc x = -1
2 2
2 8 6 1 2 2 x x x x 1 2 6 1 2 1 0 x x x x
Gii tip tc nghim: x = 1
4. (K: x . 0 v y > 0) (*)
3 3
log log
2 2
4 2 2
4( ) 2 ( 3 )
xy xy
x y x x y
nghim :
6
3; 3 , 6;
2

s 233. Gii h phng trnh :
4
4
4
4
3 1
8 6 0
y x
x y
x y
x y

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Gii:
4
15
12
x
y

3 3
2 2 3
x y 1
x y 2xy y 2
+ =
+ + =

Gii:
( ) ( )
( )
x y 1 3 4 x y 1 1 3 3
2x 2 x y 2 x y
y x xy 2 y x x y xy
2.
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
2y 2x 2x 2x
x y y x y x y x
x y
1 3
x y 1
2x
x x
x y 1
2
x 2, y 2
y
x
x 2, y 2
x 3
2x
2 x
= | | | |
+ = + = =
| |
=

\ . \ .

+ = + = + = + =

= =
+ =
= =
= =
=
= =

s 235 Gii phng trnh: ) 1 2 ( log 1 ) 1 3 ( log 2
3
5
5
+ = + x x .
Gii:
iu kin .
3
1
> x (*)
5
2
5
+ = + x x
2 3 2 3
5 5
log 5(3 1) log (2 1) 5(3 1) (2 1) x x x x = + = +

3 2 2
2
8 33 36 4 0 2) (8 1) 0
1
8
x
x x x x x
x
=
+ = =

=

236. 1. Gii h phng trnh:
2
5 3
x y x y y
x y
+ + =
+ =
(x, ye R)
4. Gii bt phng trnh
2
2
log
2log
2 20 0
x
x
x + s
2

Gii:
2. K: x + y > 0 , x - y > 0, y > 0
PT(1)
2 2 2 2
2 2 4 2 x x y y x y y x + = =
2
2 0 (3)
5 4 (4)

y x
y xy
>

T PT(4) y = 0 v 5y = 4x
Vi y = 0 th vo PT(2) ta c x = 9 (Khng tha mn k (3))
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Vi 5y = 4x th vo PT(2) ta c 2 3 1 x x x + = =
KL: HPT c 1 nghim
4
( ; ) 1;
5
x y
| |
=
|
\ .

1. iu kin: x> 0 ; BPT
2
2 2
4log 2log
2 20 0
x x
x + s
t
2
log t x = . Khi 2
t
x = .
BPT tr thnh
2 2
2 2
4 2 20 0
t t
+ s . t y =
2
2
2
t
; y > 1. BPT tr thnh y
2
+ y - 20 s 0 - 5 s y s 4.
i chiu iu kin ta c :
2
2 2 2
2 4 2 2 1
t
t t s s s - 1 s t s 1.
Do - 1 s
2
log x s 1
1
2
2
x s s
s 237.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
=
= + +
1 2
4 ) 3 ( ) 1 ( 3
2 2
y xy x
x y y y x x
R) , ( e y x
4. Gii phng trnh:
2
1
3
9 .
3
2
4
3
1
log ) 2 3 (
+
=
x
x
x

Gii:
2/ x
2
-3x(y-1) + y
2
+ y(x-3) = 0 (x-y)
2
+ 3(x-y) - 4 + 0
1
4
x y
x y
=

* Vi x- y = 1, ta c
=
=
1 2
1
y xy x
y x
x = 1; y = 0 v x= -1; y = -2
* Vi x - y = -4 ta c
=
=
1 2
4
y xy x
y x
(H PT v nghim)
Vy h phng trnh c 2 nghim (x; y) = (1; 0) v (x; y) = (-1; -2)
4.iu kin: x > 1 Th Pt
1
2
3
1 2
(3 2) log 4 .9
3 3
x
x
x
+
= | |
1
3 3
3
3
2
4 3 log ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
+
=
x x
x
| |
x x
x 3 . 2 4 1 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= 0 2 3 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= +
x x
x
| | 0 1 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= + x
x
=
=
1 ) 1 ( log
0 2 3
3
x
x

=
=
3
4
2 log
3
x
x
; Vy PT c nghim x =
3
4

s 238 .
1. Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
2 3 2 3 9 x x x x x + + + + + = .
4. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2 3
4 2
log (2 ) log (2 ) 1
x y
x y x y
=
+ =

Gii:
1/ t
2
3 0 u x = + > ta c
2 2
3 u x = + . Kt hp vi pt cho ta c h
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(2 1) (2 1) 9 (2 1)( ) 9
( )( ) 3 ( )( ) 3
x x u x x u x
u x u x u x u x
+ + + = + + =

+ = + =

| |
( ) 1 ( ) ( ) 9
( )( ) 3
u x u x u x
u x u x
+ + + =

+ =
.
t
u x a
u x b
+ =
, ta c h
( 1) 9
3
a b a
ab
+ =
3
1
a
b
=
hoc
4
3
4
a
b
=
.
Nu
2 2
2 2
3 3 3 3 3
1
3 1 3 1
a x x x x
b
x x x x

= + + = + =

=
+ = + = +

1 x =
Nu
4
3
4
a
b
=
2
2
3 4 (*)
3
3
4
x x
x x
+ + =

+ =
(I)
Ta c
2 2
3 3 0 x x x x x x + > + + > + > (*) v nghim h (I) v nghim.
Vy, pt cho c nghim duy nht 1 x = .
(Cc cch khc:
+ t
2
3 t x x = + +
+ Bin i pt thnh
2 2
(2 1) 3 9 2 x x x x + + = , t k ri bnh phng hai v.
+ Bin i pt thnh
( )
2
(2 1) 3 9 x x x + + + = , nhn 2 v vi
2
3 0, x x x + = )
4/
2 2
2 3
4 2 (1)
log (2 ) log (2 ) 1 (2)
x y
x y x y
=
+ =
(I). k:
2 0
2 0
x y
x y
+ >
>

2 2
2 2 2 2
(1) log (4 ) log 2 log (2 ) log (2 ) 1 x y x y x y = + + = (3)
2 3
(2) v (3) log (2 ) log (2 ) 0 x y x y + =
2 2 3
log (2 ) log 3.log (2 ) 0 x y x y + =
2 2
log (2 ) 1 log 3 0 x y ( + =

2
log (2 ) 0 2 1 x y x y = =
Vy, H (I)
2 2
2 1
4 2
x y
x y
=

3
4
1
2
2 1
( )
2 2
x x y
tm
x y y
= =

+ = =

.
Vy nghim h pt l ( )
3 1
4 2
( ; ) ; x y = .

s 239. 1. Gii bt phng trnh
2
2 5 3 2 3 6 .5
2
3 .5 1
x
x
x x x x
x
+ + + +
<

2. Gii phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
8
4 2
2
1 1
log 3 log 1 log 4 2
2 4
x x x + + =
Gii:
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2. Gii phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
8
4 2
2
1 1
log 3 log 1 log 4 2
2 4
x x x + + =
iu kin: 0 1 x < = ; ( ) ( ) 2 3 1 4 x x x + =
Trng hp 1: 1 x > ( )
2
2 2 0 2 x x x = =
Trng hp 1: 0 1 x < < ( )
2
2 6 3 0 2 3 3 x x x + = =
Vy tp nghim ca (2) l
{ }
2; 2 3 3 T =
s 240.
1/ Gii phng trnh : ( ) ( )( ) 0 1 1 2 4 3 9 2 3
2 2
= + + + + + + + x x x x x
2/ Gii h phng trnh :
= + + +
=

6 8 5 4
2 4
2
3 6 4 2
y x
x y y xy

Gii:
1/ Ph- ng trnh ( ) ( )( )
2 2
4 4 4 2 1 2 3 9 2 3 x x x x x + + + + = + +
( ) ( )( ) 3 ) 1 2 ( 2 1 2 3 ) 3 ( 2 3
2 2
+ + + + = + + x x x x
Xt hm s ( ) 3 ) ( 2 ) (
2
+ + = t t t f c ( ) 0
3
3 ) ( 2 ) (
2
2
2 '
+
+ + + =
t
t
t t f vi t
Vy hm s ng bin nn:
5
1
1 2 3 ) 1 2 ( ) 3 ( = = = x x x x f x f
Vy phng trnh c nghim
5
1
= x
2/ H phng trnh
= + + +
=

) 2 ( 6 8 5 4
) 1 ( 2 2
2
) ( 2
3 6 4 2
y x
x y y xy

t(1) ) )( ( ) ( 2
4 2 4 2 2 2
x xy y x y y x y + + =
2 2 4 2 4 2
0 ) 2 )( ( y x y x xy y x y = = + + + th vo (2) ta - c :
6 8 5 4 = + + + x x 1 1 = = y x
Vy h c nghim ( 1;1) v (1;-1)
s 241.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
=
= + +
1 2
4 ) 3 ( ) 1 ( 3
2 2
y xy x
x y y y x x
R) , ( e y x
4/ Gii phng trnh:
2
1
3
9 .
3
2
4
3
1
log ) 2 3 (
+
=
x
x
x

Gii:
2/ x
2
-3x(y-1) + y
2
+ y(x-3) = 0 (x-y)
2
+ 3(x-y) - 4 + 0
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=
=
4
1
y x
y x

* Vi x- y = 1, ta c
=
=
1 2
1
y xy x
y x

x = 1; y = 0 v x= -1; y = -2
* Vi x - y = -4 ta c
=
=
1 2
4
y xy x
y x
(H PT v nghim)
Vy h phng trnh c 2 nghim (x; y) = (1; 0) v (x; y) = (-1; -2)

4/ iu kin: x > 1
2
1
3
9 .
3
2
4
3
1
log ) 2 3 (
+
=
x
x
x
| |
1
3 3
3
3
2
4 3 log ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
+
=
x x
x
| |
x x
x 3 . 2 4 1 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= 0 2 3 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= +
x x
x
| | 0 1 ) 1 ( log ) 2 3 (
3
= + x
x
=
=
1 ) 1 ( log
0 2 3
3
x
x

=
3
log 2 ( )
4
3
x loai
x

Vy PT c nghim x =
3
4

s 242. Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
2 92 2 1 1 x x x x x + + > + + +
Gii: iu kin: 1 x >
Bt phng trnh
2 2
2 92 10 ( 2 8) ( 1 1) x x x x x + + > + +
2
2
2
2 8 2
( 2)( 4)
1 1
2 92 10
4 1
( 2) ( 4) 0
1 1
2 92 10
x x x
x x
x
x x
x
x x
x
x x
+
> + +
+
+ + +
(
+
+ >
(
+
+ + +

2
1 1
( 2) ( 4)( 1) 0
1 1
2 92 10
x x
x
x x
(
+ >
(
+
+ + +

Ta c:
2
1 1
( 4)( 1) 0, 1
1 1
2 92 10
x x
x
x x
+ < >
+
+ + +

Do bt phng trnh 2 0 2 x x s s
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim bt phng trnh l: 1 2 x s s
s 243. Gii bt phng trnh sau:
2
2 5 3 2 3 6 .5
2
3 .5 1
x
x
x x x x
x
+ + + +
<

4. Gii phng trnh
2
2 2
2 log log 4
4 6 2.3
x x
x =
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5. Gii h phng trnh
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
log log 9
1 log 1 log 10
9
1 log 2.log 2 .log ( )
2
x y
x
x
xy
y
y
+
+ +
+ =

Gii:
2/ iu kin:
1
3
2
x s s . Bt phng trnh tng ng vi
2
2 5 3 3 2)5 6
2
3 . 5
5 (
x x
x
x x x x
x
+ + +
<
+
( )( ) 3 .5
0
3 5
5 3 2 1
x x
x
x
x
x x
<
+ +
(1)
Xt hm s ( ) 3 5
x
g x x = ,
5
ln5
'( ) 3 5 .ln5, ( ) 0 log
3
x
g x g x x
| |
= = =
|
\ .
.
Lp bng bin thin, ta thy
5
ln5
( ) log 0
3
g x g
| | | |
s <
| |
\ . \ .

(1) ( )( ) 3 0 3 2 1 x x x > + + ( v 5 0
x
> )
5 157
22
x

>
Vy nghim ca bt phng trnh l:
5 157
;3
22
T
| (
=
(
\

4/ iu kin 0 x >
2
2 2
2 log log 4
4 6 2.3
x x
x =
2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
1 log
log 4 log log 4 2log 2 2log 2
6
2 6 2.3 2 2.3 0
6
x
x x x x x
+
= =
2 2 2
2log 2 1 log 2log 2
6.2 6 12.3 0
x x x +
=
2 2
2log 2 log 2
2 2
6. 12 0
3 3
x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
2
log 2
2 3 1
3 2 4
x
x
| |
= =
|
\ .

5/ iu kin: 0 , 1 x y < = . t
2 2
log ; log a x b y = = .
Khi , h phng trnh tr thnh:
( )
2 2
9
1 1 10
1 9
1
2
a b
a b
a b
ab
+ =
+ +
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

(*)
(**)
( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
2 2
10 1 9 1 1
2 1 9
a b ab a b
a b ab ab
+ + = + +

+ + =

(1)
(2)

Ly phng trnh (1) chia v theo v (2) ta c:
( )( )
2
2 2
2
5 1
5 1 1
1
a b
ab a b
a b
+
= + + =
+
(3)
T (*), ta suy ra
2 2
9
1 10 1
a b
a b
=
+ +
.
Thay vo (3), ta c:
2 2
2 2
9 1 1 9
5 5 0
10 1 1 2
b b b b
b b b b
+ + | |
= + =
|
+ +
\ .
(4)
t
2
1 b
t
b
+
= . Phng trnh (4) tr thnh:
2
5 9 5
0 2 9 10 0 2;
2 2
t t t t t
t
+ = + = = = .
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Vi 2 t =
( )
2
2 1 0 1 b b b + = = 2 y =
2
4
x
x

Vi
2
2 4, 2
5
2 5 2 0
1
2 2, 2
2
b y x
t b b
b y x
= = =
= + =

= = =

Vy h c nghim ( ; ) (2; 4);(2; 2) x y =
( )
( ) 2; 4 , 4; 2 .
s244. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 18 (1)
4 6 (2)
x y y
x y x y
+ =
+ =

Gii: Gii h phng trnh:
3 3 3
2 2
8 27 18 (1)
4 6 (2)
x y y
x y x y
+ =
+ =

(1) y = 0
H
3
3
3
3
2
2
27
3
8 18
(2 ) 18
4 6
3 3 1
2 . 2 3
x
x
y
y
x x
x x
y y
y y
| |
+ =
+ =
|

\ .

| |

+ =
+ =
|

\ .

t a = 2x; b =
3
y
. Ta c h:
3 3
3 18
1 ( ) 3
a b a b
ab ab a b
+ = + =

= + =

H cho c 2 nghim
3 5 6 3 5 6
; , ;
4 4 3 5 3 5
| | | | +
| |
\ . \ . +

s 245 . Gii phng trnh: ) 1 2 ( log 1 ) 1 3 ( log 2
3
5
5
+ = + x x .
Gii Gii phng trnh: ) 1 2 ( log 1 ) 1 3 ( log 2
3
5
5
+ = + x x .
iu kin .
3
1
> x (*)
5
2
5
+ = + x x

3 2
3
5
2
5
) 1 2 ( ) 1 3 ( 5
) 1 2 ( log ) 1 3 ( 5 log
+ =
+ =
x x
x x

=
=
=
= +
8
1
2
0 ) 1 8 ( ) 2 (
0 4 36 33 8
2
2 3
x
x
x x
x x x
s 246 Gii h phng trnh:
= +
= +
0 3 2 2
6 ) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2
y x y x
y x y x

Gii Gii h phng trnh:
= +
= +
0 3 2 2
6 ) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2
y x y x
y x y x

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H
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +
0 5 2 ) (
6 ) (
0 5
6 ) (
0 5 ) 1 ( ) 1 (
6 ) 1 1 )( 1 )( 1 (
2 2 2 2 2
uv v u
v u uv
v u
v u uv
y x
y x y x
vi
=
=
1
1
y v
x u

t:
=
+ =
v u P
v u S
.
c
=
=
=
=
2
3
0 5 2
6 .
2
P
S
P S
S P

u, v l nghim ca phng trnh: X
2
3X + 2 = 0
=
=
v
=
=
=
=
2 1
1 1
1 1
2 1
2
1
y
x
y
x
X
X

Vy nghim ca h: (3 ; 2), (2 ; 3)

s247.
3. Gii phng trnh:
( )
2 2
3 3
2
x 4 2
Gii
3. Gii phng trnh:
( )
2 2
3 3
( )
( )
2
2
3
1 1
log 2 3 1
x x
x x
x x x
x x
+ +
= = + +
t:f(x)=
( ) 2
3
x x
g(x)=
1
1 x
x
+ + (x = 0)
Dng pp kshs =>max f(x)=3; min g(x)=3=>PT f(x)= g(x) max f(x)= min g(x)=3 ti x=1
=>PT c nghim x= 1
2
x 4 2
iu kin x > 0 , x = 1
(1)
| |
+ >
|
\ .
4 2
8
1 1
2log x log 2x 0
log x 2
( )
| |
|
+ + >
|
|
\ .
2 2
2
1
log x log x 1 0
1
log x
3

| | + +
+ > >
|
\ .
s > < s >
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
log x 1 log x 1
(log x 3) 0 0
log x log x
1
log x 1hayl og x 0 0 x hayx 1
2

s248 .
1/ Gii cc phng trnh
2.
2 2
3 3 3
log (x 5x 6) log (x 9x 20) 1 log 8 + + + + + = +
Gii:
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+ iu kin :
2
2
x 5
x 5x 6 0 x 3 x 2
4 x 3
x 5 x 4
x 9x 20 0
x 2
<
+ + > < v >

< <

< v >
+ + >
>
, v c :
3 3
1 log 8 log 24 + =
+ PT (*)
2 2 2 2
3 3
log (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) log 24 (x 5x 6)(x 9x 20) 24
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2)
( + + + + = + + + + =

< v < < v >
< v < < v >

(x 2)(x 3)(x 4)(x 5) 24 (*)
(x 5) ( 4 x 3) (x 2) (**)
+ + + + =

< v < < v >

+ t
2
t(t-2) = 24
2
(t 1) 25 t 6 t 4 = = v =
- t = 6 :
2 2
x 1
x 7x 12 6 x 7x 6 0
x 6
=
+ + = + + =

=
( tha kin (**))

- t = - 4 :
2 2
x 7x 12 4 x 7x 16 0 + + = + + = : v nghim
s 249. 1.Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
log 9 log log 3 2
.3
x
x x x =
2. . Gii h phng trnh sau:
=
+
+
=
+
+ + +
3
1
2
7
) (
3
) ( 4 4
2
2 2
y x
x
y x
y x xy

Gii:
1. Gii phng trnh
2 2 2
log 9 log log 3 2
.3
x
x x x =
K: x>0.
Ta c phng trnh
2 2 2 2
log 9 log log 3 log 2 2
.3 3 1
x x
x x x x = = . t
2
log 2
t
x x = .
Phng trnh tr thnh
3 1
3 4 1 1 1 2
4 4
t t
t t
t x
| | | |
= + = = =
| |
\ . \ .

=
+
+
=
+
+ + +
3
1
2
7
) (
3
) ( 4 4
2
2 2
y x
x
y x
y x xy

K: x + y = 0
Ta c h
2 2
2
3
3( ) ( ) 7
( )
1
3
x y x y
x y
x y x y
x y
+ + + =
+ + + =

t u = x + y +
1
x y +
( 2 u > ) ; v = x y ta c h :
2 2
3 13
3
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

Gii h ta c u = 2, v = 1 do ( 2 u > )
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T gii h
1
2 1 1
1 0
1
x y x y x
x y
x y y
x y
+ + = + = =
+

= =

s250.
1. Gii h phng trnh:
1 1 4
6 4 6
x y
x y
+ + =
+ + + =

5. Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
log log
3 1 . 3 1 1
x x
x x + + = +
7 . Gii h phng trnh:
3 1 2 3
2
2 2 3.2
3 1 1
x y y x
x xy x
+ +
+ =
+ + = +

Gii: 1. Gii h phng trnh:
1 1 4
6 4 6
x y
x y
+ + =
+ + + =

iu kin: x>-1, y>1
1 6 1 4 10
6 1 4 1 2
x x y y
x x y y
+ + + + + + =
+ + + + =

t u= 1 6 x x + + + , v = 1 4 y y + + . Ta c h
10
5 5
2
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

{
5
5
u
v
=
=

{
3
5
x
y
=
=
l nghim ca h

4/ Tm a bt phng trnh sau c nghim:
2
1 1
3 3
log 1 log ( ) x ax a + > +
iu kin: ax + a > 0
Bpt tng ng
2
1 ( 1) x a x + < +
Nu a>0 th x +1 >0.Ta c
2
1
1
x
a
x
+
<
+

2
1
1
x
a
x
+
>
+

Xt hm s y =
2
1
1
x
x
+
+
vi x = - 1
y =
2 2
1
( 1) 1
x
x x
+ +
=0 khi x=1
a>
2
2
hoc a < - 1
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5/ Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
log log
3 1 . 3 1 1
x x
x x + + = +
iu kin : x>0
t
( )
2
log
3 1
x
+ =u,
( )
2
log
3 1
x
v = ta c pt u +uv
2
= 1 + u
2
v
2
(uv
2
-1)(u 1) = 0
2
1
1
u
uv
=
. . . x =1
3 1 2 3
2
2 2 3.2
3 1 1
x y y x
x xy x
+ +
+ =
+ + = +

PT( )
( )
2
1 x+1 0 1
2
3 1 0 0 1 3 3 1 1
x
x
x x y x y x x xy x
> > >

+ = = v = + + = +

Vi x = 0 thay vo (1) :
2
2
8 8
2 2 3.2 8 2 12.2 2 log
11 11
y y y y y
y
+ = + = = =
Vi
1
1 3
x
y x
>
thay y = 1 3x vo (1) ta c : ( )
3 1 3 1
2 2 3.2 3
x x +
+ =
t
3 1
2
x
t
+
= , v 1 x > nn
1
4
t >
PT (3) :
2
3 2 2
1
6 6 1 0
3 2 2
t
t t t
t
t
=
+ = + =
= +

i chiu iu kin
1
4
t > ta chn 3 2 2 t = + .
Khi
( )
3 1
2
1
2 3 2 2 log 3 2 2 1
3
x
x
+
(
= + = +

( ) 2
1 3 2 log 3 2 2 y x = = +
Vy HPT cho c 2 nghim
2
0
8
log
11
x
y
=
v
( )
( )
2
2
1
log 3 2 2 1
3
2 log 3 2 2
x
y
(
= +
= +

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13
x, y .
x y x y 25
+ =
+ =

Gii:
Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13
x, y .
x y x y 25
+ =
+ =

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( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
x y x y 13 1
x y x y 25 2
+ =
+ =
( )
( )
3 2 2 3
3 2 2 3
x xy x y y 13 1'
y xy x y x 25 2'
+ =

+ =

Ly (2) - (1) ta c : x
2
y xy
2
= 6 ( ) x y xy 6 = (3)
Kt hp vi (1) ta c :
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
x y x y 13
I
x y xy 6
+ =
. t y = - z ta c :
( )
( )( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
x z x z 13 x z x z 2xz 13
I
x z xz 6
x z xz 6
+ + = + + =

(

+ =
+ =

t S = x +z v P = xz ta c :
( )
2
3
S S 2P 13 S 1 S 2SP 13
P 6 SP 6
SP 6
= = =

= =
=

Ta c :
x z 1
x.z 6
+ =
. H ny c nghim
x 3
z 2
=
hoc
x 2
z 3
=

Vy h cho c 2 nghim l : ( 3 ; 2) v ( -2 ; -3 )
s252 . Gii bt phng trnh:
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s
Gii:
Gii bt phng trnh:
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s
4
log (log (2 4)) 1
x
x
s . k:
4 2
0 1
log (2 4) 0 log 5
2 4 0
x
x
x
x
< =
> >
>

Do 1 x > PT
4
log (2 4) 2 4 4 4 2 4 0
x x x x x
x s s + > ng vi mi x. Do vy BPT c
nghim:
2
log 5 x >
s 253.
2: Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
35 5 4 24 x x x + < + +
5. Gii h phng trnh
2010
2 2
2( 1)
log
2 3
x
y x
y
y x x y

= +
+ =

Gii:
2: Gii bt phng trnh:
2 2
35 5 4 24 x x x + < + +
BPT tng ng
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2 2
2 2
2 2
11
35 24 5 4 5 4
35 24
11 (5 4)( 35 24)
x x x x
x x
x x x
+ + < <
+ + +
< + + +

Xt:
a)Nu x
4
5
s khng tha mn BPT
b)Nu x>4/5: Hm s
2 2
(5 4)( 35 24) y x x x = + + + vi x>4/5
y
'
=
2 2
2 2
1 1
5( 35 24) (5 4)( )
35 24
x x x
x x
+ + + + +
+ +
>0 mi x>4/5
Vy HSB. +Nu 4/5<xs1 th y(x) s11
+Nu x>1 th y(x)>11 Vy nghim BPT x>1

s254. Gii phng trnh:
2
2 1
3 2 6
x
x
x
=
Gii: Gii phng trnh:
2
2 1
3 2 6
x
x
x
=
Ly logarit theo c s 3 cho hai v ta c:
2
3 3
log 2 1 log 2
2 1
x
x
x
+ = +

a phng trnh v dng: (x 1)(2x
2
+ x 1 - log
2
3
) = 0.
T suy ra nghim x = 1;
3
1 9 8log 2
4
x
+
=

s255. .Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Gii: Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
K:
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi ) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x, BPT (1) ) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x

2
1
; 0 (
s 256
2, Gii h phng trnh:
= + +
= + + + +
+
+
1 ) 4 ( log ) 5 ( log
6 ) 1 2 ( log ) 2 2 ( log 2
2 1
2
2 1
x y
x x y x xy
y x
y x

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4, Gii phng trnh: ( ) x x x 4 log 1 log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
2
8
4
2
= + + .
Gii:
2, Gii h phng trnh:
= + +
= + + + +
+
+
1 ) 4 ( log ) 5 ( log
6 ) 1 2 ( log ) 2 2 ( log 2
2 1
2
2 1
x y
x x y x xy
y x
y x

K
= >
= < <
1 ; 2
0 , 1 4
y y
x x

- a phng trnh th nht ca h v dng: ( ) 2 1 log ) 2 ( log
2 1
= + +
+
x y
y x

t ) 2 ( log
1
y t
x
+ =

, tm - c t = 1, kt hp vi phng trnh th hai ca h,i chiu vi iu kin trn,
tm - c nghim ( ) ( ) 1 ; 2 ; = y x
4. , Gii phng trnh: ( ) x x x 4 log 1 log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
2
8
4
2
= + + .
k x > 0 v 1 = x . - a phng trnh v dng ( ) x x x 4 log 1 log ) 3 ( log
2 2 2
= + + .
Xt hai kh nng 0 < x < 1 v x > 1, i chiu vi iu kin ta tm - c hai nghim ca phng trnh l:
3 2 3+ = x v x = 3.
s 257. Gii phng trnh: ) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
Gii Gii phng trnh: ) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
) 4 ( log 3 ) 1 ( log
4
1
) 3 ( log
2
1
8
8
4
2
x x x = + + .
iu kin:
.
3
1 0 1
0
x
x x
x
>
= < =
>

( )( ) ( )
( )
log log .
x
x x x x x x
x
=
+ = = = (

=
2
2 2
1 loai
3 1 4 2 3 0 3
3

s 258.
2
2
2
2
y 2
3y
x
x 2
3x
y
+
=

2. Gii phng trnh: 0 3 2 2 2 1 2
3 3 3
= + + + + + x x x
Gii:
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2
2
2
2
y 2
3y
x
x 2
3x
y
+
=

iu kin x>0, y>0. Khi h tng ng
2 2
2 2
3 2
3 2
x y y
xy x
= +
= +

Tr v theo v hai phng trnh ta c: (x-y)(3xy+x+y) = 0 x y = thay li phng trnh Gii tm
c nghim ca h l: (1;1).
2. Gii phng trnh: 0 3 2 2 2 1 2
3 3 3
= + + + + + x x x
Tp xc nh: D = R. t f(x) =
3 3 3
3 2 2 2 1 2 + + + + + x x x
Ta c:
2
3
, 1 ,
2
1
; 0
) 3 2 (
2
) 2 2 (
2
) 1 2 (
2
) ( '
3
2
3
2
3
2
= >
+
+
+
+
+
= x
x x x
x f

Suy ra hm s f(x) ng bin trn tp M=
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
.
|
\
|

|
.
|
\
|

|
.
|
\
|
,
2
3
2
3
, 1 1 ,
2
1
2
1
,

Ta thy f(-1)=0 x=-1 l mt nghim ca (1). Ta c:
3 )
2
3
( ; 3 )
2
1
( = = f f

Ta c bng bin thin ca hm s f(x):
x
-
2
3
-1
2
1
+
f(x)
|( |( |(
F(x)

+
0 3
- -3
T bng bin thin ta thy f(x) = 0 x = -1. Vy phng trnh cho c duy nht mt nghim x = -1.
Cch 2: Hc sinh c th t
3
3
2 1
2 3
u x
v x
= +
= +
khi ta c h
3 3
3 3
0
2
2
u v
u v
v u
+
+ + =

gii h ny v tm c nghim.
2
2
3
2 3
1 1
(1 ) 4
1
4
x x
y y
x x
x
y y y
+ + + =
+ + =
.
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Gii
Gii h phng trnh:
2
2
3
2 3
1 1
(1 ) 4
1
4
x x
y y
x x
x
y y y
+ + + =
+ + =
.
k 0 y =
2 2
2
2
3 3
3 2 3
1 1 1 1
(1 ) 4 4
1 1 1
( ) 4 4
x x x x
y y y y
x x x
x x x
y y y y y y

+ + + = + + + =

+ + + = + + =

t
1
a x
y
x
b
y
= +

Ta - c
2 2 2
3 3 2 2
2 4 4 2 4 2 2
1
2 4 ( 4) 4 4 4 0
a a b a a b a a b a
b
a ab a a a a a a
+ = + = + = =

=
= + = + =

s 260.
2. Giai phng trnh :
3
2 3x 2 3 6 5x 8 0 + = (x e R)
4. Gai he phng trnh :
2 2
2 2
2 2
x xy y
3 81
+
+ = +
(x, y e R)
Gii

2.Giai phng trnh :
3
2 3x 2 3 6 5x 8 0 + = (x e R)
3
2 3x 2 3 6 5x 8 0 + = , ieu kien :
6
6 5 0
5
x x > s
at t =
3
3x 2 t
3
= 3x 2 x =
3
t 2
3
+
va 6 5x =
3
8 5t
3

Phng trnh tr thanh :
3
8 5t
2t 3 8 0
3
+ =

3
8 5t
3 8 2t
3
=
{
3 2
t 4
15t 4t 32t 40 0
s
+ + =
t = -2. Vay x = -2
4. Gai he phng trnh :
2 2
2 2
2 2
x xy y
3 81
+
+ = +
(x, y e R)
ieu kien x, y > 0

2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
log (x y ) log 2 log (xy) log (2xy)
x xy y 4
+ = + =
+ =

2 2
2 2
x y 2xy
x xy y 4
+ =
+ =

2
(x y) 0
xy 4
=

x y
xy 4
=

x 2
y 2
=
hay
x 2
y 2
=

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(vi u > v). T ta c: x = 2; y = 2.(tho k)

Giao vi iu kin, ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l 10 x >

(II) Gii h (I), (II). Sau hp cc kt qu li, ta c tp nghim ca h

> + > >

lun gim trn mi khong

Bin i theo logarit c s 2 thnh phng trnh

Suy ra Bat phng trnh vo

Suy ra Bat phng trnh ung

> < < v < <

D thy (4) v nghim

;Bnh phng hai v ta c

* Thay vo h ph- ng trnh ta c:

( tha kin (**))

. Nhn thy h lun c cp nghim ( ) 0;1 v ( ) 1; 0 .

Bin i theo logarit c s 2 thnh phng trnh

c nghim duy nht

(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

x = y = 2 ( do x, y > 0). Vy h c ngd nh ( )

( tha kin (**))

1 x = ; Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim x = - 1.

.Kim tra thy ch c 2, 1 x y = = tho mn iu kin trn.

Tm c 2 nghim ( ; ) (2;1) x y = v ( ; ) ( 2;1) x y =

Ph- ng trnh c hai nghim l

Tm c 2 nghim ( ; ) (2;1) x y = v ( ; ) ( 2;1) x y =

nn phng trnh c nhiu nht mt nghim trn ) ;

(v u>v). T ta c: x =2; y =2.(T/m)

Kim tra ta thy

1 x = . Vy phng trnh cho c mt nghim x = - 1.

> < <

. Vi K trn PT cho tng ng vi

(v u>v). T ta c: x =2; y =2.(T/m)

( tha kin (**))

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