NEMA MG 2 - 2001

6.3 Proper Selection of Machines Machines should be properly selected with respect to their usual or unusual service conditions,

both ofwhich involve the environmental and operating conditions to which the machine is subjected. Machinesconformi ng to the Scope of

this publication are designed for operation in accordance with their ratingsunder usual service conditions. Some typical applications for motors of

standard Design types are given inTable 3. Typical speed torque characteristics are shown in Figure 4. Some machines may also be capableof operating in

accordance with their ratings under one or more unusual service conditions. Definite-purpose or special-purpose machines may be required for some unusual

conditions.Good energy management is the successful application of the motor controller, motor, and the drivencomponents that results in the least consumption

of energy. Since all motors do not have the sameefficiency, careful consideration must be given to their selection and application. For further

informationand guidance, see MG 10 Energy Management Guide for Selection and Use of Fixed Frequency Medium AC

Squirrel-Cage Polyphase Induction Motors .Service conditions, other than those specified as usual, may involve some degree of hazard. Theadditional

hazard depends upon the degree of departure from usual operating conditions and the severityof the environment to which the machine is exposed. The

additional hazard results from such things asoverheating, mechanical failure, abnormal deterioration of the insulation system, corrosion, fire,

orexplosion.Althou gh past experience of the user may often be the best guide, the manufacturer of the driven ordriving equipment or the machine

manufacturer, or both, should be consulted for further informationregardi ng any unusual service conditions which increase the mechanical or thermal duty of

the machineand, as a result, increase the chances for failure and consequent hazard. This further information shouldbe considered by the user, his

consultants, or others most familiar with the details of the applicationinvolve d when making the final decision. 6.3.1 Variation From Rated Voltage and

Rated Frequency6.3.1.1 Induction Motors6.3.1.1.1 Running Motors will operate successfully under running conditions at rated load with

a variation in the voltage or thefrequency up to the following:a) Plus or minus 10 percent of rated voltage with rated frequency.b) Plus or minus 5 percent of rated

frequency with rated voltage.c) A combined variation in voltage and frequency of 10 percent (sum of absolute values) of the ratedvalues, provided the

frequency variation does not exceed plus or minus 5 percent of rated frequency.Perform ance within these voltage and frequency variations will not

necessarily be in accordance with thestandards established for operation at rated voltage and frequency. 6.3.1.1.2 Starting The limiting values of voltage

and frequency under which a motor will successfully start and accelerate torunning speed depend on the margin between the speed-torque curve of the motor

at rated voltage andfrequency and the speed-torque curve of the load under starting conditions. Since the torque developed bythe motor at any speed is

approximately proportional to the square of the voltage and inverselyproportio nal to the square of the frequency, it is generally desirable to determine what

voltage andfrequency variations will actually occur at each installation, taking into account any voltage drop resultingfrom the starting current

drawn by the motor. This information and the torque requirements of the drivenmachine define the motor speed torquecurve, at rated voltage and

frequency, which is adequate for theapplication.