Group Work For An Effective Class Room

UHB 2092 - ADVANCE ENGLISH GROUP WORK FOR AN EFFECTIVE CLASS ROOM
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background Of The Problem
From a history of a group work, this research was done to know about definition of a group work and what is the best criterion that should have in an effective group work. It is because some group work that we see sometimes did not have criteria as the best group work. Our focus would be the effective of group work and how student apply it in their study. Students learn best when they are actively involved in the process. Researchers report that, regardless of the subject matter, students working in small groups tend to learn more of what is taught and retain it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats. Students who work in collaborative groups also appear more satisfied with their classes. (Sources: Beckman, 1990; Checkering and Gamson, 1991; Collier, 1980; Cooper and Associates, 1990; Goodsell, Maher, Tinto, and Associates, 1992; Johnson and Johnson, 1989; Johnson, Johnson, and Smith, 1991; Kohn, 1986; McKeachie, Pintrich, Lin, and Smith, 1986; Slavin, 1980, 1983; Whitman, 1988) Various names have been given to this form of teaching, and there are some distinctions among these: cooperative learning, collaborative learning, collective learning, learning communities, peer teaching, peer learning, reciprocal learning, team learning, study circles, study groups, and work groups. But all in all, there are three general types of group work: informal learning groups, formal learning groups, and study teams (adapted from Johnson, Johnson, and Smith, 1991). Informal learning groups are ad hoc temporary clustering of students within a single class session. Informal learning groups can be initiated, for example, by asking students to turn to a neighbor and spend two minutes discussing a question you have http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
posed. You can also form groups of three to five to solve a problem or pose a question. You can organize informal groups at any time in a class of any size to check on students' understanding of the material, to give students an opportunity to apply what they are learning, or to provide a change of pace. Formal learning groups are teams established to complete a specific task, such as perform a lab experiment, write a report, carry out a project, or prepare a position paper. These groups may complete their work in a single class session or over several weeks. Typically, students work together until the task is finished, and their project is graded. Study teams are long-term groups (usually existing over the course of a semester) with stable membership whose primary responsibility is to provide members with support, encouragement, and assistance in completing course requirements and assignments. Study teams also inform their members about lectures and assignments when someone has missed a session. The larger the class and the more complex the subject matter, the more valuable study teams can be. Some students with disabilities face challenges participating in small group discussions and other interactive activities. Specific needs vary greatly. However, some general teaching strategies that benefit all students include:

Establish clear ground rules for discussion. Provide electronic supplementary course/discussion materials. Give clear descriptions of visual materials. Paraphrase questions and answers and highlight key points throughout discussions. Create options for electronic discussions.
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1.2
Statement Of The Problem
Studies shows that many students working in small groups tend to learn more of what is taught and retain it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats. Groups work meet regularly outside of class to study together, read and review course material, complete course assignment, prepare for test and exams and others. These are among the benefits that students gain if creating group work in learning. However, few students know about it and because of that, they got problems while learning in class. In order to form a successful group work, teacher and students have their own responsibilities. Teacher should know on how to plan for each stage of group work, how the groups operate, how students will be graded, and give them skills they need to succeed in groups. Most teachers do not know all these things and they just give instruction to form a group and then tell them what were done according to what they want. These will bring the objectives of the teachers teaching were not achieved. Students in group work also play the main role for each of them. For example, in one model, all students read the assignments but each member agrees to provide to the group in-depth coverage of a particular segment of the material and to answer as fully as possible whatever questions other members of the group work might raise. In this model, then, each member agrees to study all the material yet each also tries to become an expert in a certain area of the material. From this example, students have to know more about what is in group work. So, there is a big responsibilities for teacher to explain first the group work itself before trying to implement it in class. In our opinion, the statement of the problem that we choose is very suitable because nowadays, we can see more students prefer to make a group work as their alternative to manage their study time. So, this research makes our group to state a method of forming or creating an effective group work in class. It is because, to create a successful group work, one must have a good planning and must have cooperation with other members of a group. Other than that, there is more action that should have to make http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
a successful group work. Then, an activity that planned in a group work must be suitable to make sure all group members do their task properly. After that, from a successful group work, student can get benefits, so that they can improve their study. 1.3 Purpose / Objective Of The Research
Group work is the popular technique of learning in school. It has many benefits and purpose. So, this research was done to determine the criteria used by students on an effective group work. This research also done to know the relation between group works with the effective learning. Other than that, we want to find out the way to create an effective group work and examine the effective of group work on the students ability to produce a project report. Last but not least, the purpose of this study is to determine if the students learn to write project report effectively through group work. 1.4 Research Question 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.5 What is the benefit that a student can get from an effective group work? How group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study? How important is group work management to produce a project report? How to create an effective group work?
Significance Of A Group Work
Since group work developed and being used till now, there are less study operated to identify whether it is successfully apply in school or not. The implementation of this study is important to help teachers achieve their teaching objectives. The research outcomes give teachers information about what they should know and do when using group work in classroom. On the other hands, students gain more benefits to improve http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
their study skills. It then leads to increase their understanding and performance in learning. Indirectly, the co-operation among teachers and students then will be more becoming strong and harmony. 1.6 Scope Of The Study
The scopes of our research in the effective group work are their criteria, the benefits and relations with the effective class learning. This research was done at SMK Rantau. We decide to choose this school because two of our group members came from Negeri Sembilan. So, the questionnaires were done by them together. Other than that, this research need our group to always contact that school, from getting permission until distribute the questionnaires. Because of the school is their last school, so their work become easy when distributing the questionnaires. So, to make sure we get information as soon as possible, we decide to choose that school. Besides that, we chose form 1 and 2 students to fill in the questionnaire. They did not take any important exam such as PMR and SPM. So, they were suitable to fill in the questionnaire. On the other hand, 10 teachers were chosen as the respondents for this research. It involves teachers who are teaching from form 1 till form 6. This research also done for student UTM. There were 25 students from any courses were chosen for the questionnaire.
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Effective group works differs from other forms of education, however, in the importance which the group plays in the process. One of the important principles of education is that the most successful learning is that which takes place in natural situations - in life itself. In utilizing the group, group work is clearly following this axiom, for life today is essentially a group life. Almost everyone belongs to a number of groups - the family, lodge, fraternity, church, scout troop, professional society, gang, political club, and many, many others. We are constantly adjusting to groups, and our actions and attitudes are largely determined by these associations. Our loyalties, friendships, and interests are largely tied up with them. Students learn best when they are actively involved in the process. According to Beckman (1990) regardless of the subject matter, students working in groups tend to learn more of what is taught and retain it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats. Students who work in effective group works also appear more satisfied with their classes. It shows that through group works associations, students get the feeling that they have friends who appreciate and stand behind them at all times, who recognize and esteem their personal qualities and achievements, who help student find new outlets for their interests so that life continually means something new and enjoyable. All this is necessary and important. Without such security, devotion, recognition, and new experience, life would be unendurable. Sidney Landenberg, in the book Supervision in Social Group Work (1939) stated, The concept of effective group works is trying to build themselves to a professional status in the eyes of the public. It is also to help people use a group experience positively in terms of their own development, rather than to just help them use their leisure time. He went on to say that the main purpose is to help an individual, through a group to which he voluntarily allies himself, to strengthen worthwhile personality characteristics, http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
to eliminate faulty ones, and broaden his horizon through new interests, better thinking and sounder action. Johnson, Johnson, and Smith (1991) stated that effective group works in class learning are teams established to complete a specific task, such as perform a lab experiment, write a report, carry out a project or prepare a position paper. These groups may complete their work in a single class session or over several weeks. Typically, students work together until the task is finished, and their project is graded. Members of effective group work may learn to adjust to their associates on a healthy basis and to find a place of importance through student personal accomplishments and through their contribution to the group as a whole. The process of socialization that takes place involves the learning of the fundamental fact that the individual must adapt their desires and aims to the rights of those with whom he lives and shares life's goods, that he cannot live unto himself. Along with this, students may learn how valuable and enjoyable it is to work cooperatively with others. Kohn (1986) maintain that students in a group must perceive that they "sink or swim" together, that each member is responsible to and dependent on all the others, and that one cannot succeed unless all in the group succeed. Knowing that peers are relying on, teacher is a powerful motivator for group work. Strategies for promoting interdependence include specifying common rewards for the group, encouraging students to divide up the labor, and formulating tasks that compel students to reach a consensus. According to Cooper and Associate (1990), Students who work in groups develop an increased ability to solve problems and evidence greater understanding of the material. Some instructors assign additional homework or readings or distribute lecture notes to compensate for less material "covered" in class. Most students can work well in groups if teacher set strong expectations at the beginning of the term, informally check in with groups to see how things are going, offer assistance as needed, and provide time for groups to assess their own effectiveness
As reported by Johnson, Johnson, and Smith (1991), for example, in an engineering class, a faculty member gives groups a problem to solve: Determine whether the city should purchase twenty-five or fifty buses. Each group prepares a report, and a representative from each group is randomly selected to present the group's solution. The approaches used by the various groups are compared and discussed by the entire class. Cooper and Associates maintain that effective group works create the assignments that fit with students' skills and abilities. Early in the term, teacher will assign relatively easy tasks. As students become more knowledgeable, teacher will increase the difficulty level. This shows that a class learning research methods begins by having simply recognized various research designs and sampling procedures. Later, group members generate their own research designs. At the end of the term, each group member prepares a proposal for a research project and submits it to another team for evaluation. In effective group works, student turns class exercises into competition. As stated by Sanslons,(1989) Student work in group, design and build a small-scale model of a structure such as a bridge or column. They predict how their model will behave when loaded, and then each model is loaded to failure. Prizes are awarded to the groups in various categories: best predictions of behavior, most efficient structure and most aesthetics. Structure of the tasks for each group member can make an equal contribution. For example, one faculty member asks groups to write a report on alternative energy sources. Each member of the group is responsible for research on one source, and then all the members work together to incorporate the individual contributions into the final report. Another faculty member asks groups to prepare a "medieval newspaper." According to Smith (1986), Student research aspects of life in the Middle Ages, and each student contribute one major article for the newspaper, which includes news stories, feature stories, and editorials.
Teacher must assign group work at the beginning of the term so that students develop skills for working in groups. Use multiple-choice tests that include higher-level questions. To allow time for discussion, present about twenty-five items for a fiftyminute in-class exam. Divide students into groups of five. Have students take the test individually and turn in their responses before they meet with their group. Then ask the groups to arrange themselves in the room and arrive at a group consensus answer for each question. According to Toppins, (1989) score the individual and group responses and prepare a chart showing the average individual score of each group's members, the highest individual score in each group, and the group's consensus score. Ninety-five percent of the time, the group consensus scores will be higher than the average individual scores. Each group members enables various types of function such as way that both group interaction and program activities contribute to the growth of the individual and the achievement of producing project report. Effective group worker include provision for personal growth according to individual capacity and need, the adjustment of the individual to other persons, to groups and to society, and the motivation of the individual toward the improvement of society; the recognition by the individual of his own rights, limitations and abilities, as well as his acceptance of the rights, abilities and differences of others. Through student participation, the group worker aims to affect the group process so that decisions come about as a result of knowledge and a sharing and integration of ideas, experiences and knowledge, rather than as a result of domination from within or without the group. Through experience students aims to produce those relations with other groups and the wider community which contribute to responsible citizenship, mutual understanding between cultural, religious, economic or social groupings in the community, and a participation in the constant improvement of successful class learning.
CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction
This section discusses the methodology of the research. The main purposes of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of group work in class learning. About thirty five of SMK Rantau students and teachers were selected randomly to access of this study. Besides that, there are also about twenty - five students were chosen in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia as the respondents for this study. Besides that the data for this research is collected through the questionnaire. 3.2 Respondents Of The Study
In this study, students and teachers in form one and two were given the questionnaires. A total of 25 students and 10 teachers were selected to fill in the form. In school, the data were collected in 2 days. On the other hand, the respondents of the study were open to any students in UTM and from different faculties. However, most of them came from Faculty of Education. The questionnaires were distributed in 5 days and 26 students were Malays, 16 were Chinese, 8 were Indians and nil for other respondents. 3.3 Research Instruments Used
This research utilized the quantitative research methodology. The instruments used to collect the data were questionnaire. There are 2 types of questionnaire where the first one is for students and the other one is for teachers. A set of questionnaire for students is divided into 2 parts. Part A is about respondents profile such as race, age, gender, and class or course while part B containing 8 questions divided into 4 sections. http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
Different question types, such as yes-no, open-ended, scale and category were used in the questionnaire. The different sections of the questionnaire were: A.What are the benefits that student can get from an effective group work?, B.How group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study?, and C.How important group work management to produce a project report. On the other hands, a set of questionnaire for teacher is also the same like questionnaire for students how ever there are a bit different like no class or course and only have 1 section in part B. This section is about: How to create an effective group work? 3.4 Research Procedure
Before the actual data collection, we have a meeting with members. Discussions go on the appropriate topic. Then, work is divided among members. In the second meeting, all information was gathered. After that, we have arranged a meeting with lecturer. Our lecturer asks about the work given whether we have any problem or not. After meeting with the lecturer, the work is divided in details for our group members. All information was gathered. Before we do the research at the school, we get the personal information letter at Faculty of Education. It is important as an evidence to this research at school. After doing all the procedure, we go to school to do a research. The questionnaires were distributed to the students in the class. Respondents were approached with an initial question of whether they own a group work. After the respondents have completed the questionnaire, we get the personal information letter from the teacher at that school. It is important to show that we have finished the research. 3.5 Data Analysis
In the study, there are only one data were collected namely quantitative data. The data were collected by using questionnaire about the respondents profile and several items for the research question. The data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
version 14. The process of analysis were concentrated into the number of percentage and frequency counts. Results were presented in the form of several tables, graphs, and charts.
CHAPTER FOUR FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.0
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Demography of respondent (Teachers) Table 4.1(a): Race versus number of teachers Race Malay Chinese Indian Others Total Number of teachers 7 2 1 0 10
The figure show the proportion of race in their choice a benefit of group work. As a result, a big majority of the respondent (7 persons) was Malay. The other respondents were Chinese (2 persons) and Indian (1 person) and nil for Others race. Table 4.1(b): Age versus number of students Age 24 - 28 29 33 34 38 39 43 Total Number of teachers 5 3 1 1 10
From the table, we can see that proportion of age in their choice a benefit of group work. As a result, a big majority of the respondent (5 persons) is 24-28 age, 3 person is 29-33 age, 1 person is 34-38 and 39-43 age. 4.2 Research question (Teachers)
4.2.1
How to create an effective group work?
0%
Yes No
100% Figure 4.2(a): Teachers opinion about the important of group work for students
The pie chart reveals that teacher opinion about the important of group work for students. As a result majority of the teacher (100 percent) prefer a group work is important for all students. Based on figured 4.2(a), the results clearly show that most of the teacher who took part in the survey preferred the important of group work for students. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all teachers, and the important of group work seemed to be most needed for all students to manage their learning. There are several factors that make opinion of group work for students most popular than do not have it. The most obvious factors were students learn more, remember more and invest more effort to improve their achievement. If group work doesnt exist, students will never get an opportunity to give their active participation in and failed to accomplishment projects very well. It can be summarized that using group work method in class teaching and learning was the most popular means of active participation among group members and also in communicate with their teachers. This was similar to the findings of another study conducted by Busch, H. (1934) Leadership in Group Work, New York: Association Press which found group work can build mental development; in the improved ability to think http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
and to make careful analysis and judgment of facts and issues and to secure a larger body of information and knowledge. Its also can improve progression in the ability of the group to accomplish group aims. Effective group works in class learning are teams established to complete a specific task, such as perform a lab experiment, write a report, carry out a project or prepare a position paper. This claim seemed that typically, students work together until the task is finished, and their project is graded. Student can improve the effectiveness of their study teams by making sure each session has a clearly articulated agenda and purpose. They can also work more efficiently if all logistical arrangements are set for the semester, meeting time, length and location. This opportunity make student get chance to give actively participate during the sessions in ways that further the work of the group.
100 80 60 40 20 0 96.67
Percentage of teachers
3.33 Agree Feelings Disagree
Figure 4.2(b): Teachers feeling on how to create an effective groupwork
From the bar chart, it shows the teacher feeling on how to create an effective group work. As for the reasons how to create an effective group work, a total 96.67 percent agree that students should provide special skills, knowledge, has a dedicated and single minded approach. The extra respondents 3.33 percent disagree. Based on figured 4.2(b), the results clearly show that most of the teachers who took part in the survey preferred that they agree using group work method is very need to improve learning in class or out side of class. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all teachers, and it is important to create an effective group work so that can help students learn more from their group project. There are several factors that make teacher agree to use group work method in their teaching. The most obvious factor was cooperation within the group and with other group can exist and also can build development of personal qualities, initiative, originality, resourcefulness, dependability, persistence, integrity and leadership among group members. If teacher failed to build and effective group works, students will never get an opportunity to give their active participation in and failed to accomplishment projects very well. It can be summarized that teachers agree that all students should provide special skills, knowledge, dedicated and mind approach in create an effective group work. This was very much expected as students need to improve their ability to ensure their achievement. This was similar to the findings of Nathan E. Cohen, Body of Knowledge http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
and Skills Basic to Group Work, in AAGW (comp.), Toward Professional Standards (New York: Association Press, 1947), that effective group work is very important to improve student success in their study. Effective group work is trying to help students use the experience positively in terms of their own development, rather than to just help them use their leisure time. The main purpose is to help an individual, through a group to which he voluntarily allies himself, to strengthen worthwhile personality characteristics, to eliminate faulty ones, and broaden his horizon through new interests, better thinking and sounder action. The members could work together well when there was a joint project. In searching about for something that would utilize and develop these abilities, the leader struck upon the idea of a play in which a few of the members had expressed interest. This was built up, with the tasks divided according to individual preferences and talent-those interested in acting received the speaking parts. As a result of the project, the leader saw a definite development in each of the members, at the same time utilizing their ability to work together well.
4.3
Demography of respondent (Students) Table 4.3(a): Race versus number of students Race Malay Chinese Indian Others Total Number of students 26 16 8 0 50
The figure show the proportion of race among students. As a result, a big majority of the respondent (26 persons) was Malay. The extra respondents are Chinese (16 persons) and (8 persons) for Indian. Table 4.3(b): Age versus teachers http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
Age 13 17 18 22 23 27 Total
Number of teachers 30 6 14 10
From the table, we can see that proportion of age in their choice a benefit of group work. As a result, a big majority of the respondent (30 person) in 13-17 age, 14 person in 23-27 age, and 6 person in 18-22 age.
4.4 4.4.1
Research question (Students) What are the benefits that student can get from an effective group work? Table 4.4(a): Items versus level of agreement Items Strongly Agree 40 33 33 31 192 96
96
Agree 9 15 15 16
Disagree 1 2 2 3
Strongly Disagree 0 0 0 0 8 4
i. Easy to solve any problems about study ii. Prepare for test and exams iii. Help each other with difficulties that are encountered in class iv. Read and review course material TOTAL PERCENTAGE (%)
Percentage of students
100 80 60 40 20 0
4 Agree Feelings Disagree
Figure 4.4(a): Students feeling that group work give benefits to them
The bar chart show about students feeling that group work give benefits to them. From the bar chart, we can see that 96 percent students agree and four percent students disagree. Ninety six percent of the students agree the group work is easy to solve any problems about study was the reason why they chose group work. Four percent of the students disagree the group work is read and review course material. Based on figure 4.4(a), the results clearly show that most of the students who took part in the survey agree that using group work method in their learning can give benefit for themselves in process to improve their learning. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all students which categorized from UTM students and students from Sek. Men. Keb. Rantau. The results show that students get more benefit from effective group work which can help them learn more from their group project. There are several factors that make students agree that use group work method in their learning can give them more benefit. The most obvious factor was easy to solve any problems about study, prepare for test and exam, helps each other with difficulties that are encountered in class and also read and review course material. If teacher failed to build effective group works, students will never get an opportunity to give their active participation in and failed to accomplish projects very well. It can be summarized that students agree with using group work method in class learning give them more benefit than not using it was the most popular means of the task is to combine interests and needs so that a program can be developed which the group will thoroughly enjoy and which at the same time will help meet its needs, active participation among group members and also in communicate with their teachers. This was similar to the findings of another study conducted by Cooper, 1990; Johnson, Johnson, and Smith, 1991 which found In the group, the individual may learn to adjust to his associates on a healthy basis and to find a place of importance through his personal accomplishments and through his contribution to the group as a whole.
The process of completing task or project take place involves the learning of the fundamental fact that the students must adapt their desires. Along with this, students may learn how valuable and enjoyable it is to work cooperatively with others. 4.4.2 How group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study?
0% Yes No
100%
Figure 4.4(b): Students opinion about having or like a group work
The pie chart reveals on students opinion about having or like a group work. According to the result, majority of the students (100 percent) prefer having or like a group work. Based on figure 4.4(b), the results clearly show that most of the students who took part in the survey preferred that they agree that they like using group work method in their learning. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all students which categorized from UTM students and SMT students. The results show that students hundred percent like to have group work which can help them learn more from their group project. The factors that make students like to use group work method in their learning because it was more fun and make students feel happy in doing their task and its produced to play strengthened their cooperation, improved individual skills, and accomplished a distinct group achievement
It can be summarized that students agree that they like to have a group work in their learning in which it combine interests and needs so that a program can be developed when the group will thoroughly enjoy and which at the same time will help meet its needs, active participation among group members and also in communicating with their teachers. Group work seemed to be most needed for all students to make their study more fun. The process of completing task or project take place involves the learning of the fundamental fact that the students must adapt their desires. Along with this, students may learn how valuable and enjoyable it is to work cooperatively with others.
Why do you like a group work? Give your reason. Table 4.4(b): Students versus response Students S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 Response Easy to understand the key points Easy to remember notes Quickly finished homework Time is manageable Got a lot of friends The answer is more accurate Can make a study easier Can change an idea / opinion with group members in my study My communication with other members group will be better Group work can develop individual skill Group work can increase a lot of knowledge Group work can develop my learning subject Can develop brainstorming To present self minded To make sure the answer is better Strengthen relationship with other members in the group work Easy to finished any assignment or project work Group work can adjust the process of individual responsibility Can build more idea and knowledge All partner know their own responsibility We can develop our personal behavior We can change and idea or opinion with group members The members of group work encourage to make suggestion Note: S Student
S24 S25 S26 S27 S28 S29 S30 S31 S32 S33 S34 S35 S36 S37 S38 S39 S40 S41 S42 S43 S44 S45 S46 S47 S48 S49 S50
The members are interested in an activity and enjoying thoroughly Group work can make us build and attitude of having such initiation Make us more confident in completing our task Each members in group can give the best idea Group work can make active learning We can learn how enjoyable it is to work cooperatively with others We have friends who appreciate and stand with us at all times Make us fell happy because we have a lot of friends We can learn in harmoniously We got recognition from others We can solve problem base on study with discussion in group Group work can make us create a quality project Active participation among members All members have a chance to give their opinion Make our study more effective Study more fun Not wasting time when solve some problem Understand more about a topic which discuss in group To find friends among groups Completing homework more faster Notes are easy to remember Make us open minded Faster complete work Got more friends Problem in topic of study is easy to solve Make me become active learner Answer in exercise given by teacher is more better
Table 4.4(c): Response - Why students like a group work while studying and doing assignment.
Easily completing assignment or task Get more friends Easy to understand and remember notes Time is manageable Become active learner Study is enjoyable Can find the best answer while S3 S5 S1 S4 S10 S29 study S6 Build and change idea or opinion with members S8
UHB 2092 - ADVANCE ENGLISH GROUP WORK FOR AN EFFECTIVE CLASS ROOM S17 S34 S48 S46 S43 S35 S26 S16 S30 S31 S42 S47 S33 S2 S7 S44 S41 S40 S11 S12 S13 S14 S18 S20 S21 S24 S25 S28 S36 S38 S49 S32 S39 S50 S15 S9 S19 S22 S23 S37 S45 S27
total
14
Table above shows why the students like a group work while studying and doing assignment. As for the reasons in choosing a group work, a total 14 students users group work that become active learner was the main reason for their choice. Beside that, 8 students users group work because easily completing assignment or task and can change idea with member. The other 2 of the students stated that time is manageable was the reason was they chose a group work. There are several factors that make students like to have a group work while studying. One of the most obvious factors was student becomes active learner. Fourteen of the students gave these reasons to show why they like group work activities. It can be summarized that students answer to becomes active learner was the most popular reasons means of active participation among group members and also in communicating with their teachers. Beside of that, 8 students gave the reason in both categories that with group work time is more manageable and can change idea with members, 7 students gave the reason that with group work, they will get more friends, 5 students says they easy to remember and understand their study, 3 students in both categories of study more enjoyable and can find the best answer or solution and only 2 students say with group work, time is manageable. http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
All of the reasons show that student really enjoy while doing activities in group. Effective group works in class learning are teams established to complete a specific task, write a report, carry out a project or prepare a position paper. This claim seemed that typically, students work together until the task is finished, and their project is graded. This was very much expected as students need to improve their ability to ensure their achievement.
12% 22%
22% 1 time 2 time 3 time more than 4 times 44%
Figure 4.4(c): The number of time for students doing group work in one week
The pie chart reveals that number of the time for students doing group work in one week. From the pie chart, 44 percent said they spend time for group work in one week for two time, 22 percent indicated they have used group work for three and one time and 12 percent said they spend more than four times. One of the most popular meeting time students take in a week is about twice per week. The results clearly show that 44 percent of students say 2 times per week is the best choice because it gives all members prepare the source for the next meeting. It can be summarized that student opinion to have a meeting 2 times per week was the most popular choice because 2 times per week is enough for student to do a discussion while on the library they use to find an information based on their task. Beside of that, 22 percent of students choose to have a meeting in both 1 times and 3 times per weeks, and only 12 percent students choose to have a meeting 4 times a http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/
week. This probably because overtime meeting maybe can affects students to focus on their responsibility to complete their project report. All of the meeting times show that students need to do a discussion with their group members in making sure the quality in producing project report. In meeting times, the leader will guide all group members so that they will never diverted from their objective. This was very much expected as students need to improve their ability to ensure their achievement.
4.4.3
How important group work management to produce a project report.
100 80 60 40 20 0
Percentage of students
94
6 Agree Feelings Disagree
Figure 4.4(d): Students feeling about the important of group work management
The graph in figure 4.4(d) shows that students feeling about the important of group work management. From the bar chart, we can see that 94 percent students agree and 6 percent disagree. Ninety four percent of the students agree the group work management can make active participation among students in successful accomplishment of group project. Six percent of the student disagree the cooperation within group and with other group can be exists. Based on figure 4.4(d), From the pie chart, 44 percent said they spend time for group work in one week for two time, 22 percent indicated they have used group work for three and one time and 12 percent said they spend more than four times.
. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all students, and it is important to create an effective group work so that can help students learn more from their group project. We can see about 94 percent of students agree about the opinion of important group work and only 6 percent of students say they do not agree with the opinion. The results show that group work is really important. Effective group works in class learning are teams established to complete a specific task, write a report, carry out a project or prepare a position paper. This claim seemed that typically, students work together until the task is finished, and their project is graded. This was very much expected as students need to improve their ability to ensure their achievement. It can be summarized that teachers agree that all students should be provided special skills, knowledge, dedicated and mind approach in creating an effective group work. This was very much expected as students need to improve their ability to ensure their achievement. This was similar to the findings of Nathan E. Cohen, Body of Knowledge and Skills Basic to Group Work, in AAGW (comp.), Toward Professional Standards (New York: Association Press, 1947), that effective group work is very need to improve student success in their study. The members could work together well when there was a joint project. In searching about for something that would utilize and develop these abilities, the leader struck upon the idea of a play in which a few of the members had expressed interest. This was built up, with the tasks divided according to individual preferences and talent-those interested in acting received the speaking parts. As a result of the project, the leader saw a definite development in each of the members, at the same time utilizing their ability to work together well.
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS This research investigated the effective group work in class learning. For completing this research, all sources had been used to make sure the result for our research have more benefit to all reader. All of the methodology that we have used is to know if there have any problems about the data that we have found, further to search evidence and to search a very best data. The conclusion that we had do are, all of the research methodology have conduce to completing our research objective. The result from a questionnaire also is an important source to make sure our research had been done very well. For a research question, we have chose 4 research question that we think can help us to get a data from our respondent. From this 4 research question, we divide it to five to seven item. Before a detail research that had been done about this topic, our group has searching a data from any source like reference book, and internet to know all information about group work since their history to a development of a group work. This research also had been done at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rantau because two of our group members came from Negeri Sembilan and one of them is an ex student at SMK Rantau. There is no problem while doing this questionnaire because all a teacher at that school gives full cooperation to both of them. So that, it will make them to do a questionnaire to a student at that school easily. For a research methodology, we have chosen SMK Rantau student and UTM student as our respondent which combine with any region and sex. It is important to make sure we can get a very best which have a combination respondent.
The following conclusions can be drawn based on the findings of the study: 1. Majority of the teacher prefer a group work is important for all students. 2. Teachers agree that using group work method is very important to improve learning in class or out side of the class. 3. By using group work method in students learning can give benefit for themselves in process to improve their learning. 4. Students like using group work method in their learning. 5. Students becoming active learner as the main reason for doing group work. 6. Most of the students spend time for group work in one week for two time. Base on our research, we can conclude that, all of our respondents agree to have a group work and they think that a group work is a very important thing in their study, but some of them only doing a group work 1 time in a week. A respondent from a teacher also agree that their student should have a group work. However, these findings are only true for Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rantau students also with their teacher. The same study needs to be conducted with students from other universities and schools to see how they apply group work in their study.
CHAPTER SIX RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendations Based on Findings 6.1 RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the findings and conclusions of the group work, here are several recommendations to be considered : 1. Meeting with group members Make a list of all members coordinates, availability, best time and method of contacts Face to face, teleconference, e-mail, telephone Purpose of meeting Be sure of meeting agenda, get minutes Focused discussion, think of time limit 2. Project Progress Set schedule (realistic timeframe) Regular update with Professor (get feedback and advice) 3. Record Keeping http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/ 4. 3. 2. Recommendations for Future Research 6.2 FUTURE RESEARCH Since this group work had only focused on Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rantau, it is recommended that further research be undertaken in the following areas. Furthermore, students who want to form successful groups need to find classmates who possess the following traits/characteristics: 1. Their major reason to join a study group is to learn. They are responsible and will attend group meetings regularly, on time, prepared, and in the mood for work. They are willing to and able to actively participate in group work (groups cannot afford to carry non-participating members; this burden causes eventual resentfulness and slower progress) They can be tolerant of others'
Must be done by each member Will act as a valuable input for future CV of the student Can figure out what you have done so far 4. Evaluation by the Professor Make sure you understand the process of evaluation the grade distribution 5. Peer evaluation Set the criteria at the outset Do it objectively to:
ideas, learning styles, and conclusions drawn from group study. Successful groups normally do not exceed five members; exceptions can occur. Too large a group invites unfair and debilitating labor divisions, allows some members to shirk full responsibility, promotes subgrouping [cliques], and makes group management too high a priority for this type of group activity. Unsuccessful study groups occur due 1. Incompatible member goals. 2. Group study sessions deteriorate into social "bull sessions;" . 3. Clear group goals remain unstated, vaguelyor ambiguously stated, or change frequently. 4. Members do not come to sessions fully prepared; 5. Some members participate unequally. 6. All members do not fully respect each other. Group work is rewarding when it functions well. Not all tasks are appropriate for groups to accept. Some tasks are simple and short enough for individuals to do. Groups work best
when idea diversity is needed/wanted, when division of labor is called for, and when feedback from fellow members is desired and useful. We recommend students seek out classmates and form a serious but fun study group. Your learning will improve with a quality study group; you will learn more this way, will learn more quickly, and will retain more of what you learn.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., and Smith, K. A. (1991). Cooperative Learning: Increasing College Faculty Instructional Productivity. Washington, D.C.:George Washington University. Goodsell, A., Maher, M., Tinto. (1992). Collaborative Learning: A Sourcebook for Higher Education. University Park: National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, and Assessment, Pennsylvania State University, Guskey, T R. (1988) Improving Student Learning in College Classrooms. Springfield, Ill: Thomas. Whitman, N. A. (1988) Peer Teaching: To Teach Is to Learn Twice.Washington, D.C.: Association for the Study of Higher Education. Kohn, A. No Contest (1986).: The Case Against Competition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Cooper, J., and Associates. (1990).Cooperative Learning and College Instruction. Long Beach: Institute for Teaching and Learning, California State University. Sidney Lindenberg. (1939). Supervision in Social Group Work. New York: Association Press.
APPENDIX A QUESTIONNAIRE Group work is suitable to be applying by students and pupils. However, what are the tips to make it becoming successful? The purpose of this research is to find out some tips for effective group work in class learning. This study is focusing on the benefit of group work, how group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study, etc. The data will be kept confidential. Please return completed questionnaire to the questioner. SECTION A: RESPONDENT PROFILE Instruction 1. Race: a) Malay b) Chinese c) Indian d) Others 2. Age: Please write down here _________ 3. Gender: a) Male b) Female 4. Class/course: Please write down here __________ ( ( ) ) ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) : Please tick ( ) and fill in the column below about your profile.
SECTION B: INSTRUCTION :
Please check ( ) in the space provided to indicate your responses. A. What are the benefits that student can get from an effective group work? 1. Do you agree group work give benefits for students? 2. If yes, indicate your feeling about the items below. Item i. Easy to solve any problems about study ii. Prepare for test and exams iii. Help each other with difficulties that are encounted in class iv. Read and review course material Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Yes ( ) No ( )
B.
How group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study? 1. Do you have or like a group work? (If yes, answer question no 2) 2. Why do you like a group work? Please give your reason. _________________________________________________________________ 3. Do you think student attitude give effect on unsuccessful group work? ___________________________________________________________ 4. How much do you spend a time for your group work in one week? ____ 1 time Yes ( ) No ( )
____ 2 times ____ 3 times ____ more than 4 times C. 1. How important group work management to produce a project report. Please indicate the level agreement with each statement by ticking () in the appropriate column. Item 1.Group work management can make active participation among students in successful accomplishment of group project. 2.Group work management can make progression in group aims themselves. 3.Cooperation within group and with other group can be exists. 2. Please tick () in the appropriate box. No Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly Agree Disagree
Item Yes 1. Do you think group work management make student can change idea or opinion with group members in producing project report? 2. Do you think group work management can improve student ability to think and make careful analysis for the topic of project report? 3. Do you think group work can develop individual skills and increasing fund of knowledge in producing project report? 4. Do you think group members have an ability to adjust harmoniously to other students?
Thank you for your co-operation APPENDIX B Group work is suitable to be applying by students and pupils. However, what are the tips to make it becoming successful? The purpose of this research is to find out some tips for effective group work in class learning. This study is focusing on the benefit of group work, how group work can help and improve students to be more effective in their study, etc. The data will be kept confidential. Please return completed questionnaire to the questioner. SECTION A: RESPONDENT PROFILE Instruction 1 Race: a) Malay b) Chinese c) Indian d) Others 2 Age: Please write down here _________ 3 Gender: c) Male d) Female ( ( ) ) ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) : Please tick ( ) and fill in the column below about your profile.
SECTION B: INSTRUCTION :
Please check ( ) or fill in the space provided to indicate your responses. D. How to create an effective group work? 1. Do you think a group work is important for all student? 2. What is the best choice of criteria that should have in a successful group work? Yes No
Coordinator Shaper Plant Team worker Specialist
3. Why do you choose that criteria? Please give your opinion. _________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you think that a teacher plays important part to decide the members of group work? __________________________________________________________________ Indicate your feeling about the following items by ticking in the appropriate boxes. Strongly Agree Students should provide special skills, knowledge, has a dedicated and singleminded approach. Students should confidents and matured to summarize views in the group member. Students must know their responsibility in http://tangkapgambar.blogspot.com/ Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree
group work.
Thank you for your co-operation APPENDIX C WORK SCHEDULE
ACTIVITIES Identifying Topic of Research Preparing & Presenting Proposal for Research Discussing & Designing Survey Questions Collecting Data Through Primary and Secondary Sources Analyzing the Collected Data Drafting final report Preparing for presentation Revising final report Binding final report
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Group Work For An Effective Class Room

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UHB 2092 - ADVANCE ENGLISH GROUP WORK FOR AN EFFECTIVE CLASS ROOM

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

Background Of The Problem

Statement Of The Problem

Significance Of A Group Work

CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction

CHAPTER FOUR FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

How to create an effective group work?

3.33 Agree Feelings Disagree

Figure 4.2(b): Teachers feeling on how to create an effective groupwork

4 Agree Feelings Disagree

Figure 4.4(b): Students opinion about having or like a group work

22% 1 time 2 time 3 time more than 4 times 44%

How important group work management to produce a project report.

6 Agree Feelings Disagree

Coordinator Shaper Plant Team worker Specialist

Thank you for your co-operation APPENDIX C WORK SCHEDULE

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