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MUSCULOSKELETAL
A. Upper Limb Musculoskeletal B. Lower Limb Musculoskeletal C. Spine - Cervical - Thoracal - Lumbar - Sacral
Structures :
Aphophysis Bone Bursa Epiphyseal Plate
Physical Examination
n Try to localize tenderness n Swelling n Any redness or warm implies n Deformities n Test and record the range of motion n Check distal neurologic
- Strength - Sensation
n Of course
Pathology
A. Upper Limb Musculoskeletal 1. Shoulder Anatomy Biomechanic ROM : flexion 1800 extension 600 abduction 1800 adduction 600 internal rotation 900
n Disorders
n Rehabilitation treatment :
Modalities Occupational therapy Proper body mechanic Education
ROM
Provocative test :
Disorders Lateral : lateral epicondylitis, Bone trauma Medial Posterior : Medial epicondylitis : Olecranon bursitis Tricep tendinitis
3. Wrist & Hand Anatomy ROM : - Range of motion at the wrist : Flexion 800 Extension 700 Ulnar Deviation 300 Radial Deviation 200
Wrist disorders
n De Quervains tenosynovitis n Acute and occult wrist injuries n Scaphoid injuries n Kien bock disease n Osteoarthritis
Hand disorders
Adduction : 0 300 External Rotation : 350 Internal Rotation : 450 - Gait Analysis : - Provocative Test :
Hip Disorders : - Piriformis syndrome - Throchanteric Bursitis - Ischial Bursitis - Coxitis - Hip fracture 2. Specific problem in the thigh Anterior : - Quadricep Strain - Quadricep Contusions - Myositis ossificans traumatica Medial : - Adductor strain - Osteitis pubis Posterior Lateral : - Hamstring Strains : - Meralgia parestica
3. Knee
n n n
Disorders of the knee : Patello femoral pain syndrome Pes anserinus bursitis Cruciate, collateral ligament injuries
n Achilles tendinitis n Stress fractures, amputation n Ankle injuries n Foot injuries : - Plantar fasciitis
- Calcaneal bursitis
Rehabilitation treatment :
n Modalities
Patient Related Factors Age Sex Anthropometric factors Postural factors Spine mobility Muscle strength Phisical fitness Smoking Psycho social factors
Function :
n Direct vertebral motion n Resist shearing and rotational forces n Wheigh bearing
- Provocative test : SLR test Bowstring test Femoral stretch test Sitting root test
n Malingering