Place of articulation

Types of articulation Glottal articulation Velar articulation Palatal articulation Alveolar articulation

Place

Consonants

Glottis Back of tounge against the velum

/h/ (house,hope) /g/ (as in golf) // ( as in gong) /d/ (as in jam) // (as in sheep or sugar).

Front of tounge on hard palate

Tounge blade on the alveolar ridge

/t/ (as in teeth), /d/ (as in dodo) /z/ (as in zebra) /n/ (as in no) and /l/ (as in light).

Dental articulation Labio-dental articulation Labial articulation

Tip of tounge is on the back of the upper front teeth lower lip and upper front teeth

// (as in think) and // (as in that). /v/ (as in vampire)

the lips * Where we use two lips (as in English) this is bilabial articulation.

/b/ (as in boat) and /m/ (as in most)

Manner of articulation Types Plosive consonants Manner The airflow is stopped Causing an outrush of air and a burst of sound / stopping the flow of air and let it go abruptly Examples Bilabial voiced /b/ (as in boat) and voiceless /p/ (as in post) Alveolar voiced /d/ (as in dad) and voiceless /t/ (as in tap) Velar voiced /g/ (as in golf) and voiceless /k/ (as in cow)

Affricates

Kind of stop consonant The expelled air causes friction rather than plosion

palatal /t/ (as in cheat) and palatal /d/ (as in jam)

Fricatives

Restricting, but not completely stopping the airflow The air passes through a narrow space and the sound arises from the friction this produces.

Labio-dental voiced /v/ (as in vole) and unvoiced /f/ (as in foal)

Dental voiced // (as in those) and unvoiced // (as in thick)

Alveolar voiced /z/ (as in zest) and unvoiced /s/ (as

in sent) Palatal voiced // (as in the middle of leisure) and unvoiced // (as at the end of trash)

Nasal consonants

Closing the articulators but lowering the uvula, which normally closes off the route to the nose, through which the air escapes.

Bilabial /m/ (as in mine) Alveolar /n/ (as in nine) Velar // (as at the end of gong)

Lateral consonants

allow the air to escape at the sides of the tongue

Alveolar - /l/ (as at the start of lamp) Alveolar /r/ (as in road)

Glide

do not impede the flow of air

Bilabial /w/ (as in water) Palatal /j/ (as in yet)

Place and manner of articulation Plosive consonants

Glottal articulati on

Velar articulation

Palatal articulati on

Alveolar articulation

Dental articulation

Labio-dental articulation

Labial articulati on

Bilabial articulation

voiced /g/ (as in golf) and voiceless /k/ (as in cow)

/d/ (as in dad) and voiceless /t/ (as in tap)

/b/ (as in boat) and voiceless /p/ (as in post)

Affricates

/t/ (as in cheat) and palatal /d/ (as in jam) voiced // ( as in the middle of leisure) and unvoiced / / (as at the end of trash) // (as at the end of gong)

Fricatives

/h/ in house,hop e

voiced /z/ (as in zest) and unvoiced /s/ (as in sent)

voiced // (as in those)

voiced /v/ (as in vole)

and unvoiced // (a and unvoiced / s in thick) f/ (as in foal)

Nasal consonants

/n/ (as in nine)

/m/ (as in mine)

Lateral consonants Glide

/r/ (as in road) /j/ (as in yet)

/l/ (as at the start of lamp)

/w/ (as in water)