PHAN I: LY THUYET 1.

Lch s phat trien cong nghe may CNC:

CIM

CAD/CAM CAD FMS CNC NC

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

Qua trnh phat trien t cong nghe truyen thong ti CIM NC- Numerical Control CNC-Computer Numerical Control FMS- Flexible Manufacturing System CAD- Computer Aided Design CAM-Com puter Aided Manufacturing CIM- Computer Integrated Manufacturing Nhng yeu cau cua ngoi dung hien nay la: Giao dien mot cach tot nhat vi viec truyen d lieu tang lien tuc mot cach nhanh hn Nhng trung tam gia cong tien phay,tien lo oi vi o chnh xac cao Tien ,phay,tien lo co toc o cao vi o chnh xac cao Phat trien nhng ong c servo vi toc o quet e xac nh kch thc gia cong cang ngay cang nho Giam thieu viec lap trnh oi vi nhng viec gia cong rieng biet

 He thong lap trnh NC n gian,de dang co mo phong ong qua trnh gia cong ieu khien viec chan oan loi cua may cong cu hay he thong gia cong hoan chnh bang o hoa 2. So sanh may cong cu truyen thong va may CNC: Cau truc cua may: Ve can ban may CNC co cau truc nh may cong cu truyen thong. S khac nhau la cho cac thanh phan cua may c ieu khien bang may vi tnh Phng chuyen ong cua cac phan t trong may CNC c ch nh bi may he thong toa o lien quan en chi tiet gia cong.cac chuyen ong can thiet cua cac thanh phan c may tnh toan ieu khien va kiem tra.Moi chieu gia cong eu co he thong o rieng e tnh toan v tr cua phan t va truyen thong tin ve bo ieu khien. Bang so sanh chc nang cua may truyen thong,may NC va may CNC Ch May cong cu truyen May cong cu May cong cu CNC c thong NC nan g Nha Th co tay nghe Chng trnh NC Chng trnh NC p d ieu chnh may c truyen c a vao may lieu bang tay theo ban en cho mot CNC t ban ve,kep chat phoi ieu khien NC phm,a t ay tho va can chnh t bang truyen d lieu. dung cu (phieu) uc lo Nhieu chng trnh NC c cha trong bo nh trong cua may hoac trong o cng ieu Th thiet lap gia tr Bo ieu khien May vi tnh trong khie cac thong so cong NC c truyen bo ieu khien n nghe(so vong en cho bo CNC va phan quay,lng an ieu khien NC mem tng ng giao)va ieu khien va truyen cac thc hien tat ca may bang cac tay tn hieu ieu cac chc nang quay va tay gat khien tng ieu khien cua ng en cac may CNC. Bo nh

bo phan cua may NC

ieu khie n kch th c

Th gia cong o va kiem tra kch thc cua chi tiet bang tay va gia cong lai neu can

trong cua may lu trnhng chng trnh va chng trnh con d lieu gia cong,cac gia tr offset dao,cac chu trnh gia cong co nh va t do.Thong thng trong cac phan mem chan oan loi May NC am May CNC am bao kch thc bao s on nh chi tiet gia cong kch thc gia mot cach on cong ngay trong nh trong qua qua trnh gia cong trnh gia cong vi lien he ngc nh thiet b t he thong o lien he ngc va motor lien tuc t he servo.Cac motor thong o va servo ieu khien motor servo bi so vong quay.Cam bien o kiem tra kch thc trong qua trnh gia cong.Song song vi viec gia cong, co hte tiep tuc lam viec vi bo ieu khien CNC v du nh toi u hoa trong chng trnh CNC

u iem cua may CNC: 1. Tang nang suat gia cong nh toc o gia cong cao va giam c thi gian chuan b ket thuc,thi gian c ban,thi gian phu.Cac yeu to sau ay ac biet anh hng: Lap trnh gia cong trc tiep bang tay tren may CNC

 Chia se trach nhiem trong bo phan chuan b e lap trnh gia cong,vat lieu,dung cu va bo phan nhap d lieu tai cho gia cong Lu tr nhng qua trnh gia cong ma lap lai nhieu lan di dang cac phng trnh con Toi u hoa chng trnh NC trong bo ieu khien Mo ta hnh dang mat gia cong mot cach n gian T ong an dao cho en khi at kch thc yeu cau T ong thc hien toan bo cac chc nang cua may va can thiep trc tiep khi co loi T ong theo doi qua trnh san xuat qua bo ieu khien may CNC (t ong o va kiem tra) He thong kep dung cu s dung cac dung cu mot cach van nang T ong thiet lap tools offset cua cac dung cu ngoai may va khong can ton thi gian chay may 2. Chat lng gia cong on nh,t phe pham 3. Tang o chnh xac kch thc gia cong nh o chnh xac cao cua may CNC (1/100mm) 4. Rut ngan thi gian san xuat 5. He so s dung may va li nhuan cao hn 6. Tang tnh linh hoat nh he thong may hp ly hoa san xuat loai nho va n chiec cac chi tiet phc tap mot cach tng ng Nh u iem tren ma may CNC c s dung pho bien trong gia cong cat got.Pham vi ng dung rong rai la mot torng nhng ac iem ien hnh cua may CNC

2 4

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Pham vi s dung may CNC San lng ln o phc tap va o chnh xac cao Pham vi s dung may CNC Pham vi s dung may truyen thong

PHAN II: BAI TAP Bai 1: Cho phoi va ga at nh hnh ve di (hnh 1) Goc toa o phoi c gan cho G54,dung cu la dao tien ngoai T1.1,so vong quay la S=1000v/p,chieu day toan bo lng d bang 5mm,chieu sau cat tho la 0.5mm,chieu sau cat tinh theo phng X la 1mm,chieu sau cat tinh theo phng Z la 1mm,goc vao ra dao 40o,chng trnh c viet nh sau: N10 N20 N30 N40 N50 N60 G74 G54 T1.1 S1000 M03 G00 G42 X150 Z115 F0.5 N70 G66 P0=K0 P1=K85 P4=K20 P5=K5 P7=K1 P8=K1 P9=K100 P12=K40 P13=K200 P14=K250 N80 G40 G00 X100 Z135 N90 M30 N200 G01 G36 R5 X50 Z85 N210 X50 Z70

N220 N230 N240 N250 N260 N270 N200 N290

G01 G36 G01 G01 G36 G36 G36 G01

X40 Z60 R2 X40 Z50 G39 R2 X60 Z50 Z40 R2 X80 Z30 R10 X80 Z10 R2 X120 Z10 Z0

Hnh 1 Bai 2:

Mam cap