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Dual-fuel-electric for LNGC

FOR INTERNAL USE

DSME 04.01.2006

Kristian lander Wrtsil Korea


Ship Power Solutions

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Introduction

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Contents
Contents; Introduction Dual fuel engines Dual-fuel engine systems Dual-fuel technology developments. DF engine venting & inerting Supporting material W50DF references

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Dual-fuel engine

Gas engine technologies Engine parameters Engine characteristics Fuel piping Control system

Wrtsil 6L50DF

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Gas engine technologies


Gas-diesel (GD) engines: Runs on various gas / diesel mixtures or alternatively on diesel. Combustion of gas, diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle. Spark-ignition gas (SG) engines: Runs only on gas. Dual-fuel (DF) engines: Runs on gas with 1% diesel (gas mode) or alternatively on diesel (diesel mode). Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by pilot diesel injection (gas mode), or alternatively combustion of diesel and air mixture in Diesel cycle (diesel mode). Low-pressure gas admission.

Combustion of gas and air mixture in Otto cycle, triggered by spark plug ignition.

High-pressure gas injection.

Low-pressure gas admission.

Dual-fuel (DF) engines Spark-ingnition gas (SG) engines Gas-diesel (GD) engines
87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
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32DF, 50DF 34SG 32GD, 46GD

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Dual-fuel engine technologies

High efficiency (therm. 47%) Low gas pressure Low emissions, due to:
High efficiency Clean fuel Lean burn combustion

Fuel flexibility
Gas mode Diesel mode

Two engine models


Wrtsil 32DF Wrtsil 50DF

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Engine parameters - Wrtsil 50DF

Based on Wrtsil 46 diesel engine


(of which 720 engines and 7007 MW in service and on order at sea)

Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 mm Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 mm BMEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 / 19.5 bar Piston speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 / 9.9 m/s Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 / 514 rpm Power / cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950 kW Configurations . 6L, 8L, 9L, 12V, 16V, 18V
Wrtsil 18V50DF

Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 to 17.1 MW

Engine components: 40% is identical with components Wrtsil 46 diesel engine 40% is based on components Wrtsil 46 diesel engine 10% is identical with components Wrtsil 32DF dual-fuel engine 10% is based on components Wrtsil 32DF dual-fuel engine
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Engine characteristics - Operating modes


Gas mode:
Otto principle Low-pressure gas admission Pilot diesel injection

Ex.

In. Ex.

In. Ex.

In.

** ** * ** * * * ** * * *

* *** *** *

Intake of air and gas

Compression of air and gas

Ignition by pilot diesel fuel

Ex.

In. Ex.

In. Ex.

In.

Diesel mode:
Diesel principle Diesel injection

Intake of air
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Compression of air

Injection of diesel fuel


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Engine characteristics Starting modes


Starting:
If the engine is in standby mode will it perform a slow turning every 30 minute, 2 rev. / time. The engine are normally started in diesel mode but can also be started directly in gas mode. The start sequences are seen in the enclosed graph. When changing over to gas will the GVU make a gas leakage test.

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Engine characteristics Starting modes


600

Speed acceleration
500

Synchronisation

Engine speed (rpm)

400
Pilot fuel & gas

Backup start 300 Diesel start Gas start 200


Combustion check, only pilot fuel Pilot fuel & back-up fuel

100
Starting air

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Tim e (sec)

Gas leak test

Starting & speed acceleration


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Synchronisation

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Engine characteristics - Operating mode changes


Gas mode:
Running on gas and MDO pilot fuel injection. Automatic and instant trip to diesel mode in alarm situations without loss of engine power and speed. Automatic transfer to diesel mode on request at any load without loss of engine power and speed. Automatic trip to diesel mode after 3 minutes at engine loads below 15%. 100 80

Diesel mode:
Running on MDO or HFO and MDO pilot fuel injection (pilot fuel is always operated). Automatic transfer to gas mode on request at loads below 80% without loss of engine power and speed.
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15 0 Diesel mode Gas mode

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% Load

Engine characteristics - Operating modes


Transfer from gas mode to diesel mode at 100% load
Test result 18V50DF

Speed Load

Receiver pressure Gas pressure

Pilot fuel pressure

Diesel actuator

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Engine characteristics - Operating modes


Transfer from diesel mode to gas mode at 80% load
Test result 18V50DF

Speed

Gas pressure Load Receiver pressure Pilot fuel pressure

Diesel actuator

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Dual-fuel engine systems

Gas fuel system Pilot fuel system Diesel fuel system Hot Box Control system

Wrtsil 6L50DF

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DF Engine systems - Gas fuel system


Gas manifold

Gas admission valve

Gas nozzles Inlet channel

Cylinder head
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DF Engine fuel systems - Gas fuel system


Ventilation outlet Gas manifold

Gas feed pipe

Gas inlet

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DF Engine systems - Gas fuel system

Ma nif

old

Example of inline engine

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DF Engine systems - Gas fuel system


Double wall gas manifold Double bellows Charge air pipe

SOGAV

Gas Filter

Air flow
Charge air

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DF Engine fuel systems - Gas fuel system

Gas admission valve

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Engine fuel systems - Pilot fuel system

Fuel injection valve

Pilot fuel line

Cylinder head
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Engine fuel systems - Pilot fuel system

Solenoid

Pilot diesel needle

Main diesel needle

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Engine fuel systems - Diesel fuel system

Fuel injection valve High pressure line

Fuel pump

Tappet Camshaft
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Engine fuel systems - Diesel fuel system


Gas Admission valve (V-engine)

Cylinder head

Fuel pump

Fuel rack

High pressure inlet

Pilot fuel inlet

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Engine fuel systems - Hot box


Injection pump

High pressure line

Fuel rack
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Pilot fuel line


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Engine systems - Control system


Wrtsil Engine Control System WECS 8000:
Usual diesel engine control functions Fuel mode changes Gas admission control Pilot injection control Air / fuel ratio control Knocking control Engine safety

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Engine systems - Control system

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Engine systems - Control system

Main gas admission valve

Wrtsil Engine Control System

Individual adjustment of gas feed and injection for each cylinder. Combustion sensor on each cylinder. In case of knocking, only concerned cylinder is adjusted.

Combustion sensor

Input: Power Speed Air / fuel ratio Etc.

Dual-fuel injection valve

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Engine systems - Control system


Optimum performance for all cylinders

22 Misfiring 20 18 BMEP [ bar ] 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 Air / Fuel ratio
Operating window

Knocking

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NOx emissions [ g / kW h ]

Thermal efficiency [ % ]

Engine external control system


The external system consist of the UCP & WOIS
The WECS system controls and monitors the engine while the PLC in the UCP controls and monitors engine auxiliaries, start/stop sequences and communicate with the ships control system. UCP = Unit control Panel WOIS = Wrtsil Operators Interface Station Each engine have a own UCP while the WOIS is common

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Dual-fuel technology developments

Double-wall gas piping HFO in diesel mode

Wrtsil 6L50DF

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Technology development - Double-wall gas piping


Double-wall gas piping was introduced on the Wrtsil 50DF on request of shipyards and ship owners. Compared to single-wall gas piping, the requirements to the ships engine room with respect to gas detection, ventilation, etc., become less stringent, making the engine room less complex and thus cheaper to build. All Wrtsil 50DF on order to-day will feature double-wall gas piping.
Air flow in annular space Double wall below Air space around gas admission valve
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Technology development - HFO in diesel mode


The possibility to use HFO in diesel mode was introduced last year on the Wrtsil 50DF on request of ship owners and operators. The possibility to use HFO in diesel mode offers ship operators the possibility to reselect the optimum fuel throughout the lifetime of their installation.

HFO / MDO in

The pilot fuel remains to be MDO.

HFO / MDO return MDO pilot return MDO pilot in


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HFO in diesel mode - Operating modes

Some rules for operating mode changes: Transfer from HFO mode to gas mode:
Transfers from HFO mode, through MDO mode, to gas mode can be carried out fully automatic on demand. The transfer from MDO mode to gas mode can only be carried out below 80% load. The transfer from MDO mode to gas mode after having operated in HFO mode requires 30 minutes operation in MDO mode. One lube oil quality is enough, thus special recommendations are to be considered

Trip from gas mode to diesel mode:


Trips from gas mode to MDO mode are carried out instantly at any load.

Transfer from gas mode to HFO mode:


Transfers from gas mode, through MDO mode, to HFO mode can be carried out fully automatic on demand.

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Yards Supporting material

Installation specific material Project guide Safety concept

Wrtsil 6L50DF

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Drawings for approval binder

The Drawings for approval binder consist of all project specific information. Thus that can documents be of an general nature.

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Project Guide

The Project Guide supports the yard mostly during the new building phase but consist also a lot of general engine information.

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Safety Concept

The Safety Concept describes the required safety arrangements for dualfuel-electric LNG carriers.

Developed with and approved by the major classification societies.

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Wrtsil Dual Fuel references

Dual-fuel engine references: on land at sea in LNG carriers.

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Dual-fuel engine references on land (1/2)

Test engine Bermeo, Spain 6L50DF 2004 ~ 6878 running hours


(end of April 2006)

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Dual-fuel engine references on land (2/2)


Installation 2x 18V32DF 2x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 4x 18V32DF 1x 18V32DF 6x 18V32DF 3x 18V50DF 3x 12V32DF* 1x 12V32DF* 1x 18V32DF 5x 18V32DF* 3x 12V32DF 1x 1x 1x 12V32DF* 16V50DF* 16V50DF* Name Camis Camis Southampton Geothermal Grindsted Wrmewerk Salekhard Energo Gulle Tekstil Videocon Narmada Glass City of Chambersburg Sempra Energy Solutions Sampol MOSB Century Power Antonio de Almeida & Filhos Nestle Milkpak PT Batamindo Cakrawala AMC Energiecentrale Tearfil Denizli Cemento Cerestar Deutschland D.G. Khan Cement Company Maple Leaf Cement Factory PT Batamindo Cakrawala Place, Country Topkapi, Turkey Cayirova, Turkey Southampton, UK Grindsted, Denmark Salekhard, Russia Gulle, Turkey Bharuch, India Chambersburg PA, USA Silver Springs MD, USA Madrid Barajas, Spain Manisa, Turkey Lahore, Pakistan Almeida, Portugal Lahore, Pakistan Batam, Indonesia Amsterdam, Netherlands Moreira de Conegos, Portugal Denizli, Turkey Krefeld, Germany Lahore, Pakistan Lahore, Pakistan Batam, Indonesia Year 1997 1997 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 Running hrs 2x 62000 2x 59000 34000 36000 23000 25000 31000 4x 3500 3900 6x 6000 3x 4000 3x 4000 4300 -

1x 18V50DF 1x 18V50DF 7x
*

18V32DF*

Diesel to dual-fuel conversion

48 engines with 440900 running hours


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Dual-fuel engine references at sea


Petrojarl 1 FPSO Petrojarl 2x 18V32DF 2x 27000 running hours Stril Pioner DF-electric offshore supply vessel Simon Mkster Kleven Verft 4x 6R32DF 4x 11000 running hours Sendje Ceiba FPSO Bergesen 1x 18V32DF 12800 running hours Gass Avant / hull 29 DF-electric offshore supply vessel Eidesvik West Contractors 4x 6R32DF Viking Energy DF-electric offshore supply vessel Eidesvik Kleven Verft 4x 6R32DF 4x 13500 running hours
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Ship delivery 2007

15 engines with 164800 running hours


(March 2006)

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Dual-fuel engine references in LNG carriers (1/4)


Gaz de France Energy / hull M32 74000 m3 DF-electric LNGC Gaz de France Chantiers de lAtlantique 4x 6L50DF Ship delivery 2006 Hull 1777 / 1778 / 1779 / 297 4x 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs BP Shipping Hyundai Heavy Industries / Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries 2x 12V50DF + 2x 9L50DF each Provalys / hull N32 154000 m3 DF-electric LNGC Gaz de France Chantiers de lAtlantique 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF Ship delivery 2006 Hull 1607 / 1608 / 1625 / 1626 / 1632 / 1633 6x 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs AP Mller Samsung Heavy Industries 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF each Gaselys / hull P32 154000 m3 DF-electric LNGC Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) / Gaz de France Chantiers de lAtlantique 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF Ship delivery 2007
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Ship deliveries 2007 onwards

Ship deliveries 2008 onwards

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Dual-fuel engine references in LNG carriers (2/4)


Hull 1619 / 1620 / 1634 3x 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha (K Line) Samsung Heavy Industries 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF each Ship deliveries 2008 onwards 2x 157000 m3 Hull 2223 / 2224 DF-electric LNGCs MISC Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF each Hull 1780 / 298 2x 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs Teekay Shipping Hyundai Heavy Industries / Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries 2x 12V50DF + 2x 9L50DF each Ship deliveries 2008 onwards 2x 155000 m3 Hull 1641 / 1642 DF-electric LNGCs Chevron Samsung Heavy Industries 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF each Hull 2254 / 2263 / 2270 / 2271 4x 151000 m3 LNG-RVs Exmar Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering 1x 12V32DF each Ship deliveries 2008 onwards
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Ship deliveries 2008 onwards

Ship deliveries 2009

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Dual-fuel engine references in LNG carriers (3/4)


Hull 2258 / 2259 2x 156000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs Bergesen Worldwide Gas Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering 2x 12V50DF + 2x 6L50DF each Ship deliveries 2009 2x 145000 m3 Hull 1688 / 1689 DF-electric LNG-SRVs Leif Hegh Samsung Heavy Industries 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF each Hull 1876 / 324 2x 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGCs Mitsui OSK Lines (MOL) Hyundai Heavy Industries / Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries 2x 12V50DF + 2x 9L50DF each Ship deliveries 2009 153000 m3 Hull 193 DF-electric LNGC Undisclosed ship owner Hanjin Heavy Industries & Construction 3x 12V50DF + 1x 6L50DF Hull 1686 155000 m3 DF-electric LNGC Mitsui OSK Lines (MOL) led consortium Samsung Heavy Industries 2x 12V50DF + 2x 6L50DF Ship delivery 2009
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Ship deliveries 2009 onwards

Ship delivery 2009

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Dual-fuel engine references in LNG carriers (4/4)

22x DF-electric LNGCs Undisclosed ship owners Undisclosed Korean shipyards Various engine configurations Ship deliveries 2010 onwards

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Estimated dual-fuel-electric LNG carrier deliveries


2250
7 shipyards 11 ship owners 52 ships

2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 0


Installed power [ MW ]

2006
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2008 2009 2010 Estimated ship delivery date


46

2011

Thank you
for your attention!
For more information, please do not hesitate to contact us at our Busan office or visit www.wartsila.com/LNG

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