Literature 1.

Writings in which expression and form , in connection with ideasof perman ent and universal interest, are chara cteristic oressential features, as poetr y, novels, history, biography, andessa ys. 2. The entire body of writings of a specif ic language, period, people, etc.: the literature of Englan d. 3. The writings dealing with a particular subject: the literature of ornithology. The word `literature comes from the Latin word `litera and literatus which means a written character or a letter. Early literature was oral, meant to be memorized and recited. Later, literature was written down and read. All cultures and countries have their own literature. a) USES AND IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE Intellectual Values 1. Increases ones vocabulary 2. Gives additional information or different areas of knowledge 3. Updates us with current events 4. Knows the culture of other country Moral values Emotional values Spiritual values Social values Physical values For entertainment or hobby

LITERATURE

Prose

Poetry

Lyrical

Narrative

Dramatic

LYRICAL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Song intended to be sung Ballad poem that shows the intense feeling of an author Elegy poem or song for dead person Psalm song of praise Hymn loyalty song Anthem is a nationalistic song Ode poem or song Sonnet poem characterized by 14 lines Awit ancient epic song

Narrative
1. Epic heroic story that deals to the adventures of the main character Metrical tale ordinary experience of a man Metrical romance love stories of kings, queens, reigns, knight, princess Haiku writing about nature Proverb short sayings or quotation Riddles guessing poem Masquerade characterized by colorful costume.

b) c) d) e) f) g)

2. 3.

Reading makes a full man -Francis Bacon When you read, the totality of a man is fully developed from head to foot. CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERATURE a) Universalism b) Permanent c) Timeless d) Has language e) Has theme/moral lesson

4. 5. 6. 7.

DRAMA
1. 2. 3. 4. Tragedy drama that ends sadly Comedy drama that ends happily Melodrama light drama that is combination of music, dances, dialogue Farce is a imitating drama or impersonation

written. Although every subject in this world including chemistry, physics, or simply marketing brochure is literature, Literature in sense of dramas or poems has a lot of different thing. Literature revitalizes human interest and characterizes eternalness coloring imaginations and artistic adornment. This deals with ones life and destinies on earth. It is an expression of thought, feeling, emotions and attitudes towards life. Literature binds these expressions into permanent histories and makes them universal. This is a difference between a newspaper and a novel. Journalism or advertisements also express brilliant pieces of descriptions, thoughts, views, utilities and relevancy. But they are not for all time. "Literature binds time rather time binds literature", says Rashmi. Identifying difference Cyril Connolly said nicely "Literature is the art of writing something that will be read twice; journalism what will be grasped at once." Literature however today includes poetry, drama, essays, prose fiction or other prose. Other prose includes philosophy, history, journalism, and legal and scientific writings. In one differentiation De Quincey beautifully said " There is first the literature of knowledge and secondly the literature of power. First teaches and second moves." In literature, each character sailing in a flow generates some meaning. What makes literature interesting for years? Good Literature "Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree" says Ezra Pound.

PROSE
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Short story a story with single hymn, setting, lesson and characters. Novel long narrative prose that have many theme Legend origin story of a person or things Fable animal story Folktale story handed by generation to generation Fairytale story of supernatural beliefs Anecdote a short funny story Myth story of god and goddess Satire a story that embarrass or ridicule Parable religious story Essay literary form of authors opinion about the topic Biography life history of a person Autobiography life history of a person written by himself History compilation of past and present event of a country written chronologically News present event of a country Travelogue Diary day to day experiences Journal compilation of minutes of meeting of an organization Speeches-oral competence of a definite Letters-are formal written communications

Literature is literally "an acquaintance with letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary. In Latin "littera" means an individual written character. Literature has undergone process of widening of meaning and has come to mean anything in print anything in

In one review of good literature, following key points were identified. 1. It knows and describes In & Out of the subject. You can really learn and add great values to your knowledge by reading that. 2. It is directly or indirectly shares experiences in a form of historical analysis. 3. It starts with little but generates ideas for further research or expansion. 4. It may be interpretation or extension of the existing literature. 5. It is all about integrating your feelings, emotions, values and concepts. 6. It displays past to show you future. It anticipates happenings. Literature & Life Good literature imitates nature. It presents an arty view of human time. Oscar Wilde says, "Literature anticipates life. It doesnt copy it but molds it to its purposes." Similarly written in The Last Ride together "You tell what we felt only". You like to read what you really feel. Literature & Soul Thomas Carlyle says that literature is the thought of thinking souls. We read literature as it reflects our joys, sorrows, love and hate. Hudson advocates that Literature is a vital record of what men have seen in life, what they have experienced of it, what they have thought and felt about those aspects of it, which have the most immediate and enduring interest for all of us. It is thus fundamentally an expression of life thorough the medium of language. Literature & Sincerity Literature doesnt mean writing only emotions to please readers. It should reflect truth and sincerity. It is ones experience of life. Without sincerity, literature never holds great achievement. Best example is of

Dantes Divine Comedy. It still appeals us for its sincerity in written poems. Carlyle says, "The merit of originality is not novelty. It is sincerity." Whatever you write should be original to make it literature. Probably regarding originality, writing love letter is great example as literature. Alvin Toffler said, "To write a good love letter, you ought to begin without knowing what you mean to say, and to finish without knowing what you have written." Literature & Next Generation Literature is written to suggest next generations. This is to appeal our emotions and imaginations. It is not to prove yourself by intellect. It is not producing just writers emotions. But writer puts everyone emotions in the words. Literature & Knowledge According to Isaac D'Israeli, literature is an avenue to glory, ever open for those ingenious men who are deprived of honors or of wealth. Creativity takes birth from experiences. Similarly reading literature creates base for further creation or recreation. Never think of producing or being great while you start literature. Keep your mind free. Intellect will flow automatically.