SEMINAR REPORT

ON

Laser Keyboard
Submitted to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, NAGPUR In partial fulfilment of the requirement of

M. Sc.- I (Computer Science) Semester-I Examination

Submitted by

Pritam S. Bhansali

Under the Supervision of

Dr. S.R.Pande
Associate professor and Head (Department of Computer science)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Shri Shivaji Education Society Amravatis

SCIENCE COLLEGE
Congress Nagar, Nagpur-12. 2012-2013

Laser Keyboard

INDEX

Serial number 1 1.2

Topic Introduction to laser concept Introduction To Laser Keyboard

Page No 2 3

2 3 4 5 6 7

History of Laser Keyboard Objective working Reasons to use laser keyboard Feature of Laser keyboard Advantages and disadvantages of laser keyboard

4 5 6 10 11 12

8 9 10

Future scope and Implementation Conclusion References

13 14 15

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LASER KEYBOARD 1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction to laser concept:

Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. A laser generates energy in the form of light

which is in or close to the optical portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The laser energy is amplified to extremely high intensity by an atomic process called stimulated emission. The color of the laser is defined by the laser wavelength. Albert Einstein published the theoretical basis for the laser in 1917 but it was only in 1960 that the first functioning laser was constructed by Theodore Maiman in California, using a ruby crystal to produce laser light.

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1.2 Introduction To Laser Keyboard

A laser keyboard is a form of computer input device whereby the image of a virtual keyboard is projected onto a surface: when a user's fingers are placed on the projected "keys", the device translates them into keystrokes. The laser concept is embedded in to keyboard to increase the portability, compatibility of keyboards, to minimize size and cost ,etc. The laser keyboard is not only based on laser concept but it also includes other interesting concepts which are camera, infrared devices, sensors, laser diodes,etc These devices are can work like normal keyboards but these can be more efficient as compare to conventional keyboards because due to small and compact in size they can be carried to any palce and used. Initially IBM has designed keyboards but was not proved as successful product but now Celluon is a market leading company in the field of laser keyboard , the brief history is given below.

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2. History of Laser Keyboard An optical virtual keyboard was invented and patented by IBM engineers in 1992. It optically detects and analyses human hand and finger motions and interprets them as operations on a physically non-existent input device like a surface having painted or projected keys. In 2002, the start-up company Canesta developed a projection keyboard using their proprietary "electronic perception technology".The company subsequently licensed the

technology to Celluon of Korea. Then Celluon started for working on Laser Keyboard and now they evolved this concept wonderfully. They created a laser keyboard named Magic Cube which we discussed as follows

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3. Objective Laser keyboards is based on the concept of laser light for minimizing cost, space, size,etc it not only occupies very small place even it can be smaller than our palm of hands but also they are very light in weight, in addition they can be connected through Bluetooth with any device, easy to carry. It is very convenient to use laser in libraries, offices, colleges, etc without disturbing other folks. There is no requirement to have a neat and clean place for projecting this keyboard. It can be projected on any type of place either it is plane, or it slanted, even on our palm.

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4. How does it work?

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Step 1: Template creation (Projection Module) A template of the desired interface is projected onto the adjacent interface surface. The template is produced by illuminating a specially designed, highly efficient holographic optical element with a red diode laser.

The Pattern Projector or optional printed image presents the image of the keyboard of the system. This image can be projected on any flat surface. The projected image is that of a standard QWERTY keyboard, with all the keys and control functions as in the keyboard

Step 2: Reference plane illumination

An infra-red plane of light is generated just above, and parallel to, the interface surface. This light is invisible to the user and hovers a few millimeters above the surface.

When the user touches a key position on the interface surface light is reflected from this plane in the vicinity (from area of) of the key and directed towards the sensor module. The Sensor chip in the

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sensor module determines where the infrared beam was broken.Detected co-ordinates determine actions or characters to be generated.

Step 3 Infrared laser diode(Sensor Module) The Sensor Module serves as the eyes of the Keyboard Perception technology.

Reflected light from user interactions with the interface surface is passed through an infra-red filter and imaged on to a CMOS image sensor in the sensor module.Custom hardware embedded in the sensor chip (the Virtual Interface Processing CoreTM) then makes a real-time determination of the location of the reflected light from key. The processing core can track multiple reflection events simultaneously and can thus support both multiple keystrokes.

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5. Reasons to use laser keyboard By professional :-

It takes up less space than a conventional keyboard. You can use it with your desktop, laptop or handheld computers. To make your notes, while business meetings. To compose a memo to employees, while travelling to work on the train. These laser keyboards are so handy that any one can get used to easily with them By students:To take notes while in class without disturbing other students and respective teacher. To collect notes while in library without a little bit of noice of typing on conventional keyboards.

These devices are easy to use up to extent that even children can also use them comfortably.

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6. Feature of Laser keyboard 1-Can do work in darkness 2-Wireless 3-Can work with any device which operates Bluetooth HID 4-Compact size keyboard 5-Allow the convenience full-size typing in tiny factor 6-rechargeable battery 7-Battery duration: Approximately 150 minutes, 700mAh built-in rechargeable battery 8-Compatibility: iPhone 3GS/4, iPad (iOS4), Blackberry tablet, Android 2.0 and higher, Windows Phone 7, Windows XP/Vista/7, Mac OS

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7. Advantages and disadvantages of laser keyboard

7.1 Advantages It can be projected on any surface or you can type in the plain air . Less noisy than conventional keyboards. It can be useful in places like operation theatres where low noise is essential. The typing does not require a lot of force. So easing the strain on wrists and hands. High battery life The standard coin-sized lithium battery lasts about eight months before needing to be replaced. The Virtual Keyboard is not restricted to the QWERTY touch-typing paradigm, adjustments can be done to the software to fit other touchtyping paradigms as well. 7.2 Disadvantages Virtual keyboard is hard to get used to. Since it involves typing in thin air, it requires a little practice. Only people who are good at typing can use a virtual keyboard efficiently. It is very costly ranging from 150 to 200 dollars. So not everyone can buy this product. The room in which the projected keyboard is used should not be very bright so that the keyboard is properly visible.

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8. Future scope and Implementation Laser keyboards can be embedded into ATMs. Laser keyboards can be used into space crafts as they are very lighter and smaller. They can be embedded into All-In-One desktop pcs, laptops, tablets. It can be embedded into digital lockers into banks, hostels, for entering passwords and digital door lockers based on passwords. It is also embedded into 5-pen pc technolog

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9. Conclusion Laser Keyboard uses sensor technology, laser technology, infrared technology and artificial intelligence to let users work on any surface as if it were a keyboard. Projection key boards or laser key boards claim to provide the convenience of compactness with the advantages of a full-blown QWERTY keyboard. These devices are made so lighter, smaller, and faster that they can be embedded in any other electronic devices like mobile phones, tablets, robotics, workstations and in online reservation systems on railway stations, airports,etc, they can also used ATMs and even in the space craft also. Laser Keyboard is designed for anyone who's become frustrated with trying to put information into a handheld but doesn't want to carry a notebook computer around. Thus keyboards will make typing easier, faster, and almost a pleasure.

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10. References: 1. worldanaesthesia.com 2. www.wikipedia.org/ 3. Celluon's Virtual Keyboard-Laser projected full-sized virtual keyboard-Technology.mht 4. www.totw.anaesthesiogists.org 5. http://www.laserfest.org/

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