Case 1:08-cv-01034-SAS-HBP Document 373 Filed 08/12/13 Page 1 of 198
a.Overview of Key Issues................................49b.Competing Benchmarks...............................49c.Findings Based on Dr. Fagan’s Analyses..................58C.Institutional Evidence of Deliberate Indifference.......................601.Early Notice: the 1999 AG Report.............................612.Pressure to Increase Stops....................................64a.Compstat: Pressure on Commanders.....................64b.Evidence of Pressure in Survey Data.....................67c.Further Evidence of Pressure on Officers.................71i.Pressure Before the 2010 Quota Law...............71ii.Pressure After 2010 Quota Law...................77d.Conclusion..........................................813.Targeting “the Right People”.................................814.Inadequate Monitoring and Supervision........................89a.Inadequate Documentation and Document Review.........89b. Inadequate Supervision................................955.Partially Inadequate Training................................996.Inadequate Discipline......................................1057.Ongoing Notice of Constitutional Violations....................111D.Individual Stops.................................................1171.Unconstitutional Stop and Frisk..............................119a.Leroy Downs........................................119i.Findings of Fact...............................119ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................122b.Devin Almonor......................................124i.Findings of Fact...............................124ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................127c.Cornelio McDonald..................................128i.Findings of Fact...............................128ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................132d.Nicholas Peart — August 5, 2006.......................133i.Findings of Fact...............................133ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................136e.Nicholas Peart — April 13, 2011 Stop...................138i.Findings of Fact...............................138ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................139f.Ian Provost.........................................140i.Findings of Fact...............................140ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................144g.David Ourlicht — January 30, 2008 Stop................145i.Findings of Fact...............................145ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................148h.Clive Lino — February 5, 2008 Stop....................149i.Findings of Fact...............................149ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................153
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i.Lalit Clarkson......................................154i.Findings of Fact...............................154ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................1562.Unconstitutional Frisk Only.................................156a.Dominique Sindayiganza..............................156i.Findings of Fact...............................157ii.Mixed Findings of Law and Fact.................160b.David Floyd — April 20, 2007 Stop.....................161i.Findings of Fact...............................161ii.Mixed Finding of Fact and Law..................163c.David Floyd — February 27, 2008 Stop..................163i.Findings of Fact...............................163ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................166d.Clive Lino — February 24, 2011 Stop...................167i.Findings of Fact...............................167ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................170e.Deon Dennis........................................171i. Findings of Fact...............................171ii.Mixed Findings of Fact and Law.................1733.Failure of Proof...........................................174a.John Doe Stops of Nicholas Peart in Spring 2008 and February2010 and David Ourlicht in February and June 2008......174b.Kristianna Acevedo Stop..............................175c.Clive Lino — August 3, 2008..........................177V.CONCLUSIONS OF LAW..............................................177A.The City Is Liable for Violations of Plaintiffs’ Fourth Amendment Rights...............................................................1771.Deliberate Indifference.....................................1782.Widespread Practice.......................................180B.The City Is Liable for Violations of Plaintiffs’ Fourteenth AmendmentRights.........................................................1811.Policy of Indirect Racial Profiling............................181a.Intentionally Discriminatory Application of a Facially Neutral Policy...................................................182b.Express Classification................................185c. Conclusion.........................................1882.Deliberate Indifference.....................................189VI.CONCLUSION.......................................................192
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