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(17)

The French in the New World

A New World now beckoned, so did nations aspire To match Spanish success and her mighty empire. Holland, England and France all took to the seas To seek riches and more in newterritories. France, for her part, sought wealth in the north, When King said to Cqrtier: "Brave Captain, go forth!" "And with our colors flown high, let your travels commence." -- And so Captain f acques sailed le fleuve Saint Lawrence.

This river ran far into the lands of Canada As did the French woodsmen, called "cottreurs de bois". -- And should you go for a visit and hear an accent: It's mostly probably French, so many there went. And one Samuel de Champlain did cleverly start A French town at Quebec to serve as the heart Of trade by the fishers, the trappers and merchants, Breathing fresh air in lands they called lVew France. And the first French seedlings grerfi/ quickly throughout The maw of America and down into the south, As these men wafted down "The Father of Waters", Or Mississippi River,as'twas known in those quarters. NoW of Indian tribes, the French didn't despise, Having come less to conquer than to find new allies. Indeed, settlers from France wandered far and wide, And paid in fine goods to the land's native guides. What a life itwas, for those French pioneers, Long months in the forests to catch beavers and beers...er, bears. But all Europe was keen to dress in those furs, And their money flowed back to these rugged trappeurs.
Of course, camping today is more friendly and tame, In many ways better, but in still others a shame, Since the rugged outdoors and the free open wood Give a taste of the wild that does a soul good.

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In L492 Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic and ran into a New World by accident. Ferdinand Magellan was the first to go around the world by sailing wes! showing that you could reach China by that route. However, Magellan travelled around the southern tip of South America in order to reach Asia. This was a terribly long and exhausting trip. So, in the 15th century explorers starting looking for a "NotthwestPassage", a water route that ships cculd sail through North America and then to Asia.
jacques Cartier was a French sailor who sailed down the mighty Saint Lawrence River in Canada looking for this passage. He made three trips but did not find it. Cartier's expeditions did encourage a number of other French explorers, such as |acques Marquette and Louis foliet' In the LTth century these two sailed along the lWississippi River [a native-American name meaning "Father of Waters"). The French eventually settled along much of the interior of North Americ4 naming this region Louisiana after their King Louis. They built a fort and settlement at the base of the Mississippi River called New Orleanq which even today still has a French flavor to its culture.

The French settlements in North Americ4 called New France, were different from the Spanish colonies in Central and South America. The Spanish conquered the native-Americans and forced them to work on their farms and mines. The French pioneers -- people who are the firstto travel into new places and start new ventures -- mostly traded with the Indian tribes, such as the Cree and the Algonquin.

Many French settlers in the New World were woodsman, called coareurs des bois. They traveled through and lived in the un-explored forests of the Americas. lt was a strenuous way of life, exposed to extreme changes in weather, wild animals and dangerous terrain.
These rugged men established friendly relationships with the Indian peoples, bartering (trading) tools and other goods, such as kettles and firearms, in exchanged for beaver pelts. Pelts are animal furs, and during this time period Europeans were eager (as beavers?J to wear these skins' Thus, trading in beaver pelts was very profitable. Many French souls sought out this life, which offered freedom and adventure and the chance for great wealth. The city of Quebec in Canad4 which was founded by Samuel de Champlain, became the center for the French fur trade in the

New World.

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Puzzle: French Exploration in the New World;

Unscramble the terms on the Right using the clues on the I eft'

What sailors were looking for when they explored Canada and North American Rivers.
1,)

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T E RRA
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2) French CaptainwhosaileduponthegreatSaint Lawrence River.

3) Indiantribe found in the eastpartof

Canada.

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GOL

AN U N I Q

4) The valuable animal furs thatbecame a maior new business in France.

VREEBA

CityontheSt. LawrenceRiverthatbecamea = > center for trade for French merchants.

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B U C QE E

6) The man who founded this City.

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MACLINHAP

trappers and traders who first colonized New France.

7J The French

RUOSUREC ED SOBI

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LongestriverinNorthAmericA

sailedbythe

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French explorers and traders.

9) Region of America along this river; it was named for a French King.

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ISIONALAU

L0) French town builtwhere this river ends.

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WEN

LANSROE