ront Back Enriched media that contains 10% NaCl.

Name the organism that prefers higher salt concentration. What does the higher salt concentration do to other organisms? Name the components of Mannitol Salt Agar. Mannitol, 7.5 % NaCl and Phenol Red Indicator What happens if the Mannitol ferments to produce acid? Why does phenol red changes color from red to yellow? Staphylococcus Medium 110 (SM110) Mannitol and 7.5 % NaCl Name the advantage of SM110 over MSA. m-Staphylococcus Broth Staphylococcus

Inhibits most other organisms Mannitol, 7.5 % NaCl and Phenol Red Indicator Mannitol Salt Agar components The phenol red changes color from red to yellow.

Mannitol was fermented. Mannitol and 7.5 % NaCl Staphylococcus Medium 110 (SM110) components SM110 favors colony pigmentation by different strains of S. Aureus

Front Back Name the media that favors colony pigmentation by different strains of S. Aureus. These patterns differentiate microorganisms based on their reactions to blood. Name the three hemolysin patterns. Alpha Hemolysis, Beta Hemolysis and Gamma Hemolysis Hemolysin pattern that has partial blood hemolysis and partial clearing around colony. SM110 (Staphylococcus Medium 110)

Hemolysin patterns on Blood Agar Plates Alpha Hemolysis, Beta Hemolysis and Gamma Hemolysis Hemolysin patterns on Blood Agar Plates

Alpha Hemolysis

Hemolysin pattern that has partial clearing around Alpha Hemolysis colony that appears green due to partial reduction of

hemoglobin in blood. Explain why partial clearing around colony appears green in Alpha Hemolysis. Hemolysin pattern that has complete blood hemolysis and complete clearing around colony. Hemolysin pattern that has no blood hemolysis and no zone of clearing around colony. Name toxin responsible for Beta Hemolysis. Pag ont Back Name the organism that always test positive during a Coagulase Test. Procedure includes inoculating small plasma tube with organism and incubating at 37 degree water bath overnight for this test. After incubating inoculated plasma tube at 37 degree water bath overnight, the plasma becomes clumpy or solidifies. Is this a positive or negative reaction? Bacteria that caused plasma to clump or solidify is called... Coagulase positive bacteria Explain why Coagulase Test is valid for only gram + staph bacteria. What is the typical appearance of S. Aureus on MSA plate? S. Aureus turns yellow due to fermentation when grown on this type of plate. What is the typical appearance of S. Aureus on Blood Agar plate? S. Aureus Partial reduction of hemoglobin in blood.

Beta Hemolysis

Gamma Hemolysis Hemolysin

Coagulase Test

Positive reaction

Coagulase positive bacteria Bacteria that caused plasma to clump or solidify. Some gram - bacteria can cause false positive reactions and clotting mechanism is not due to coagulase. S. Aureus turns yellow due to fermentation

MSA Plate Beta Hemolysis (Complete blood hemolysis and complete clearing)

S. Aureus when grown on this type of plate

Blood Agar Plate

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Front Back What is the typical result of S. Aureus in the Coagulase Test? Describe typical gram stain, cellular morphology and arrangement in Streptococci. Name the organism that is gram positive cocci, in pairs and chains. Biochemical test that is used to differentiate between Strep and Staph. In Catalase Test, does Strep test positive or negative? In Catalase Test, does bubbling from hydrogen peroxide indicate a positive or negative reaction? In Catalase Test, does Staph test positive or negative? Coagulase Positive

Gram Positive Cocci in pairs and chains

Streptococci

Catalase Test

Negative

Positive

Positive 1) Catalase Test 2) Hemolysis on BA plate 3) Bacitracin Test 4) Optochin Test 5) Bile Esculin Test 6) 6.5% Salt Tolerance Test Streptococcus pneumoniae

List the six (6) screening tests for streptococci.

Name the type of Strep that completes Alpha hemolysis on BA plate. Name the type of Strep that completes Beta hemolysis on BA plate.

Streptococcus pyogenes

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Name the type of Strep that completes Gamma hemolysis on BA plate.

Enterococcus faecalis

In Hemolysis on BA plate Test, what type of blood is used due to its consistent hemolytic patterns of Sheep Blood Strep? Name the test used to differentiate Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA). Name the organism that causes acute pharyngitis. What is another name for acute pharyngitis? In Bacitracin Test, was is placed on an agar plate? In Bacitracin Test, what is the Bacitracin disk? Bacitracin Test Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA) Streptococcus pyogenes Bacitracin disk An antibiotic

In Bacitracin Test, what does the Bacitracin disk do? Inhibits bacterial growth In Bacitracin Test, how many mm constitutes a presumptive identification of Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA)? Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA). Back Name the test used to differentiate Streptococcus Pneumoniae from other Alpha Hemolytic Streptococci. Name the only Streptococcus that is susceptible to Optochin. In Optochin Test, what is the chemical name for the Optochin disk? Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride is the chemical name for __________. In Optochin Test, how many mm constitutes a presumptive identification of Streptococcus Pneumoniae? Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Optochin Test

Zone of clearing of 10 mm or more around the disk.

Bacitracin Test

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride

Optochin

Zone of inhibition of 14mm or more around disk.

Optochin Test

Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Enterococcus faecalis and Group D Streptococcus. Name the test that hydrolyzes esculin (glycoside composed of esculetin and glucose). In Bile Esculin Test, what does esculetin react with? In Bile Esculin Test, describe end result when esculetin reacts with indicator (ferric citrate). ont Back Name the test that forms a dark brown phenolic iron complex. In Bile Esculin Test, do Enterococcus faecalis and Group D Streptococcus grow well on this slant? In Bile Esculin Test, is a slant that is more than half dark considered to be positive or negative.

Bile Esculin Test

Bile Esculin Test An indicator (ferric citrate) Form a dark brown phenolic

Bile Esculin Test

Yes

Positive

Name the test based on the ability of Enterococcus faecalis and Group B Streptococcus to grow in 6.5% Salt Tolerance Test salt broth. In Salt Tolerance Test, state if turbidity (yellow discoloration) is positive or negative. In Salt Tolerance Test, describe a positive result. Name the test that runs side by side with Bile Esculin Test. Name the three selective differential media for isolation. Positive Turbidity (yellow discoloration) Salt Tolerance Test 1) MacConkey Agar 2) TSI Slant 3) Urea Broth 1) Salmonella 2) Shigella 3) Escherichia 4) Enterobacter 5) Proteus 6) Pseudomonas Inability to ferment lactose

Name the six gram - intestinal pathogens.

What is the fermentation characteristic that separates Salmonella and Shigella from Coliforms?

ont Back Name the intestinal pathogens that cannot ferment lactose. Intestinal pathogens that ferment lactose on MacConky Agar Plate produce what color? Intestinal pathogens that do not ferment lactose on MacConky Agar Plate produce what color? Intestinal pathogens that ferment both glucose and lactose on a TSI Slant produce what color? Name the intestinal pathogens that produce ALL yellow color on a TSI Slant. Intestinal pathogens that ferment glucose and not lactose on a TSI Slant produce what colors? Name the intestinal pathogens that produce a red slant and yellow butt on a TSI Slant. Intestinal pathogens that do not ferment both glucose and lactose on a TSI Slant produce what colors? Name the intestinal pathogens that produce ALL red color on a TSI Slant. Intestinal pathogens that produce a black precipitate is evidence for what? Salmonella & Shigella

Red/Black

No color

Yellow

Coliforms

Red Slant/Yellow Butt

Salmonella, Shigella and Proteus

Red

Pseudomonas

Hydrogen Sulfide production

nt Back Name the intestinal pathogens that produce hydrogen sulfide. Name the enzyme that intestinal pathogens contain for Hydrogen Sulfide production. Salmonella and Proteus

Cystein Desulferase

Intestinal pathogens that produce a hot pink color in Positive urease deems them positive or negative? Name the intestinal pathogens that are positive for urease. Proteus

Name the intestinal pathogens that are negative for urease. Name the 3 reaction patterns seen on media for intestinal pathogens.

Coliforms 1) Test for glucose/lactose fermentation 2) Test for Hydrogen Sulfide production 3) Test for Gas production

Describe how gas production can be determined for Cracks and lifting of slant (from bottom of tube) intestinal pathogens. Name the components of Triple Sugar Iron Agar. When medium turns yellow during the 1st part of incubation period of intestinal pathogens, it then changes to red later due to increased alkalinity. What is this called? Describe Alkaline Reversion. Iron Salts, Glucose and Lactose

Alkaline reversion

Medium turns yellow during 1st incubation, then turns red due to increased alkalinity.