CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR NEGATIVE AND ZERO SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE OF ALTERNATORS

Fuse Rating = = =

Name Plate Details of Induction Motor Rated Power = Rated Current = Rated Voltage = Rated Speed =

EXP. NO: DATE

MEASUREMENTS OF NEGATIVE SEQUENCE AND ZERO SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE OF ALTERNATORS

AIM:
To determine zero and negative phase sequence reactance of an alternator.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
S.NO 1.
2.

Name of the apparatus Voltmeter Ammeter Ammeter Wattmeter Tachometer Connecting wires

Range (0-300V)
(0-2A)

Type MI MC MI UPF Digital

Quantity 1
1

3. 4. 5. 6.

(0-5A) 300V,10A (0-3000 RPM)

1 1 1 As required

FORMULA:
1. DETERMINATION OF NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE (Z2): 1. Z2=

Where, Z2 is negative sequence impedance Mean current I mean= (Imax + Imin)/2 Mean voltage Vmean= (Vmax + Vmin)/2

2. DETERMINATION OF ZERO SEQUENCE REACTANCE (Z0): Z0=3.V/I Where, V is zero sequence voltage I is zero sequence current

TABULATION :
NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE:

S.NO

MAXIMUM VOLTAGE Vmax (VOLTS)

MINIMUM VOLTAGE Vmin (VOLTS)

MAXIMUM CURRENT Imax (AMPS)

MINIMUM CURRENT Imin (AMPS)

MEAN VOLTAGE Vmean (VOLTS)

MEAN CURRENT Imean (AMPS)

Z2 ()

ZERO SEQUENCE IMPEDANCE:

S.No

ZERO SEQUENCE Voltage (Volts)

ZERO SEQUENCE Current (Amps)

Z0 ()

PROCEDURE:

1. DETERMINATION OF NEGATIVE SEQUENCE REACTANCE (X2):

1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. 2. The autotransformer is kept at minimum position. 3. The field rheostat of the DC motor is kept at minimum resistance position.The field winding of the alternator is opened. 4. The DC motor is started with the help of three point starter. 5. The DC motor is adjusted to run at the synchronous speed of the Alternator with the help of field rheostat. 6. Reduced voltage is applied to the armature of the alternator with the help of autotransformer such that some current flows in the armature. 7. Ammeter and voltmeter needles start to oscillate. 8. The minimum and maximum deflections on the meters for various values of voltage are noted down.

2. DETERMINATION OF ZERO SEQUENCE REACTANCE (X0):

1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. 2. The field winding of the armature is kept open. 3. Alternator must be at standstill position. 4. The autotransformer is kept at minimum position. 5. With the help of autotransformer reduced voltage is applied and the meter readings are noted for various values of voltage.

MODEL CALCULATION:

RESULT:
Thus the negative and zero sequence impedance of the alternator were determined.