Professional Documents
Culture Documents
^i'-literal
Cypher of
J^rancis SSacon.
AM
in good hope that if the first reading move an objection, the second reading will make an answer. Adv. of L.
THE
Bi-literal
of
Cypher
AND DECIPHERED BY
M/^S.
HOWARD
PUBLISHING
LONDON:
COMPANY
GAY
6 BIRD
St.
2i Bedford
Copyright, 1901.
BY
V.
KING MOORE.
M16641
CONTENTS*
PAET
Personal
I.
Mrs.
1
5
15
Argument
Notes on the Shakespeare Plays
18
28
35
39
46
Cyphars in Advancement of Learning, 1605 Cyphars in De Augmentis Bi-literal Cipher Plan and Illustration Fac-simile pages from De Augmentis, 1624 Fac-simile pages from Novum Organum, 1620
Fac-simile
title
4^
50 51
55
61
67
page Vitae
et
Mortis
Method
of Cipher in
Novum Organum
Quarto Title Pages
73
76
Publisher's Note
Shakespeare Plays
^Fac-simile
85
to 1590.
79
Anonymous
George Peele Robert Greene Robert Greene
T. Bright
.1584
.1584
80 82
87
1585
. .
.1586
89 91 93
Euphues-Morando
Perimedes-Pandosto Spanish Masquerado
1587
1588
1589
94
PAKT
II.
SHAKESPEARE QUARTO:
Richard Second, 1598
10
GEORGE PEELE:
David and Bethsabe
11
SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:
Midsommer Night's Dream, 1600 Midsommer Night's Dream, Fisher Ed Much Ado About Nothing, 1600
Sir
12 13 14
Richard,
Duke
of York, 1600
18
FRANCIS BACON:
.
20
SHAKESPEARE QUARTO:
London
Prodigal, 1605
23
FRANCIS BACON:
Advancement
of Learning, 1605
25
SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:
King Lear, 1608 King Henry The
Pericles, 1609
33
Fifth, 1608
34 35
36
38
EDMUND SPENSER:
Shepheards Calender, 1611
Faerie Queene, 1613
PAGE 40
43
BEN JONSON:
Plays in Folio, 1616
49
SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:
Richard The Second, 1615 Merry Wives of Windsor, 1619 Contention of York and Lancaster, 1619
Pericles, 1619
72
73
74
77
78
79
Romeo and
Juliet,
no date
80
1620
81 133
1622
136
CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE:
Edward The Second,
1622
,
151
FRANCIS BACON:
Historia Vitae
&
Mortis, 1623
153
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS:
First Folio, 1623
165
ROBERT BURTON:
Anatomy
of Melancholy, 1628
218 220
"Argument
of the Iliad"
FRANCIS BACON:
De Augmentis Scientiarum, "Argument of the Odysses"
1624
310
313
New
Atlantis, 1635
334
339 341 368
17,
23,
45,
57,
78,
139,
172,
208,
312, 334,
53, 66, 75, 83, 91, 100, 129, 132, 137, 141, 152, 166, 177, 190, 201,
Story of Life28,
49, 55, 65, 83, 108, 109, 119, 121, 133, 153, 166,
172, 181, 186, 190, 192, 200, 206, 208, 310, 343, 335.
self justification
F^ars1,
346, 348.
212, 343,
27, 36, 47, 49, 53, 71, 82, 116, 189, 190,
Hope
of
Kingdom
of
46.
Kingdom
Science190,
312.
Prayers42,
Posterity16,
QUEEN ELIZABETH:
1, 5, 10, 14, 16, 19, 22, 28, 33, 38, 41, 51, 59, 67, 69, 73, 83, 90,
108,
111, 119, 121, 130, 137, 154, 172, 177, 179, 181, 199, 205, 210, 311,
334, 351, 366.
EARL LEICESTER:
1, 4, 16, 17, 45, 59, 69, 71, 75, 84,
Their Marriage3,
16, 22, 28, 38, 46, 73, 75, 83, 90, 108, 133,
EARL OP ESSEX:
14, 17, 43, 59, 62, 68, 84, 111, 134, 183, 210, 310, 353, 360.
Essex Rebellion20,
Essex Trial42,
172.
55, 112, 151, 159, 172, 174, 178, 188.
Essex Murther20,
MARY QUEEN OP
61, 63, 68, 362.
SCOTS:
365.
MARGUERITE OF NAVARRE:
12, 72, 79, 118, 120, 174, 181, 203, 205, 214, 311, 336, 345.
ROBERT
CECIL:
WILLIAM RAWLEY:
137, 340, 368.
CIPHERS:
Bi-literal23, 25, 37, 51,
65, 70, 102, 111, 118, 120, 126, 129, 136,
165, 167, 189, 192, 196, 203, 215, 218, 310, 338, 357.
Word 38,
40, 47, 49, 52, 54, 56, 69, 75, 80, 82, 84, 101, 106, 110,
114, 118, 143, 148, 155, 159, 161, 165, 171, 177, 181, 183, 187, 189,
Other Ciphers21,
338, 340.
37, 47, 66, 118, 152, 166, 181, 191, 196, 310,
Directions 34,
40, 47, 49, 51, 55, 57, 98, 122, 147, 151, 310, 338.
Method
Iterant
Rules52,
Bi-literal
made
MASQUES USED:
Edmund Spenser4,
204, 311.
10,
27,
53,
81,
85,
111,
168,
180,
198,
William Shakespeare3,
Christopher
200, 204, 349.
Marlowe3,
Robert Greene 3,
311, 349.
10, 26, 53, 111, 166, 180, 181, 198, 200, 204,
George Peele 3,
204, 214, 311, 349.
10, 26, 53, 93, 111, 152, 166, 180, 181, 198, 200,
CIPHER WRITINGS:
165, 166, 202.
HIDDEN PLAYS:
23, 59, 90, 97, 103, 117, 125, 151, 180, 189, 194, 213, 352, 360, 367.
HIDDEN POEMS:
36, 95, 118, 165, 175, 202, 345.
TRANSLATIONS:
34, 36, 49, 53, 57, 114, 151, 165, 166, 167, 169, 170, 171, 173, 180,
202, 204, 214, 216, 218, 219, 341, 345, 352, 360.
Iliad220.
Odyssey 312.
EDMUND SPENSER:
Complaints,
1590-1591
1611
Co. and Harvard Library. Howard Publishing Co. ' Howard Publishing Co.
Co.
Co.
Courtier,
Marshall C. Lefferts,
New
York.
GEORGE PEELE:
David and Bathsabe,
1599
CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE:
Edward
II.,
1622
Howard Publishing
Co.
BEN JONSON:
Entertainment, 1616 King's Coronation, 1616 A Panegyre, 1616 The Masques, 1616 ,
Sejanus, 1616 Plays, in Folio, 1616. (Perfect copy.)
'.
C. C. C. C. C.
M. M. M. M. M.
Marshall C. LefEerts,
New
York.
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE:
Richard
II., 1598
Midsummer
er Ed.. 1600
Public Library.
Boston and Lenox Libraries. John Oldcastle, 1600 Merchant of Venice, J. Roberts Boston Public Library. Ed.. 1600
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: Richard Duke of York Henry VI.), 1600 A London Prodigal, 1605
King Lear, 1608 Henry V., 1608
Pericles, 1609
(Third
Lenox Library.
Boston Boston Boston Boston Boston Boston Boston
Public Public Public Public Public Public Public
Library. Library. Library. Library. Library. Library. Library.
Hamlet, 1611 Titus Andronicus, 1611 Richard IL, 1615 Merry Wives of Windsor, 1619 The Whole Contention of the
Houses
of
Yorkshire Tragedy,
Juliet,
1623
1619
Romeo and
(No date)
Plays in Folio,
Howard
and
FRANCIS BACON:
Declaration of the Treasons of John Dane, M. D., Boston, Mass., Essex, 1601.^ and Boston Library. Advancement of Learning, 1605.... Ho ward Publishing Co. Howard Publishing Co. Novum Organum, 1620 Howard Publishing Co. The Parasceve, 1620 Howard Publishing Co. History of Henry VII., 1622 John Dane, M. D., Boston, Mass. Vitae et Mortis, 1623 De Augmentis Scientiarum, 1624... Mrs. C. M. Pott, London, Eng. Howard Publishing Co. New Atlantis, 1635 Howard Publishing Co. Sylva Sylvarum, 1635
."
ROBERT BURTON:
The Anatomy
of Melancholy,
1628..
Ho ward
Publishing Co.
PART
I.
it
(either as being the received opinion, or as being agreeable to itself), draws all things else to sup-
And though there be a greater it. of instances to be found on the other side, yet these he neglects and despises, or else by some distinction sets aside and rejects, in order that by this great and pernicious predetermination the authority of its
number and weight
former conclusions
may
be inviolate.
NOVUM ORGANUM.
For as Soloman saith: He that cometh to seek after knowledge, with a mind to scorn and censure, shall be sure to find matter for his humor, but no matter for his
instruction.
ADV. OF LEARNING.
have set it down as a law to ourselves to examine things to the bottom, and not to receive upon credit, or reject upon Improbabilities, until there have been passed a due examination.
We
NATURAL HISTORY.
to
it
it
In which sort of things it is the manner of men, first wonder that such thing should be possible, and after is found out, to wonder again how the world should miss so long.
VALERIUS TERMINUS.
PEESONAL.
TO THE READER:
The discovery
deciphering of what
it tells,
It
work
so far
and open a new and large gation and research, which cannot fail to and
discussion,
come down
to us as
many
minds, as
it
has
my
own, and
this often
prompts to greater
effort
than
To
diffi-
may
culties
which Francis Bacon so securely buried in his writhundred years of reading and close study nave not until now uncovered them. This Bi-literal Cipher is found in the Italic letters that
Students of these old
where no known rule of construction would require their use. There has been no reasonable explanation of this until now it is found that they were so used for the
Italics,
PERSONAL.
These
with
be in
distin-
marked
differences.
easily discerned,
letters,
but the
from age of the books, blots and poor printing, have been more difficult to classify, and close examination and study have been required to separate and sketch out the variations, and eduguishing features in the small
cate the eye to distinguish them.
How
will
I found
the
Cipher,
its
difficulties,
methods of
more
In
lished,
assisting Dr.
Owen
and in the study of the great Word-Cipher discovis incorporated Bacon's more extensive, more complete and important writings, I became convinced that the very full explanation found in De Augmentis, of the bi-literal method of cipher-writing, was
ered by him, in which
treatise
on the subject.
and
tJie
^letters in
two forms,"
as
Shakespeare Plays.
The
disclosures, aS
they appear in
this
be to
my
readers.
known
named
in these,
story deciphered
eral headings.
and claimed by Bacon as his own. The from these will also appear under the sevall these, it is
From
that
to
evident
first
Bacon expected
would lead to the discovery of his principal, or Word-Cipher, which it fully explains, and to which is intrusted the larger subjects he desired to have preserved. This order has been reversed, in fact, and the earlier discovery of the Word-Cipher, by Dr. Owen, becomes a more remarkable achievement, being entirely
PERSONAL.
evolved without the aids which Bacon had prepared in
for
its
this,
ehicidation.
The
ser,
Bacon
the
torical
immortal plays and poems put forth in Shakespeare's name, as well as the
of Melancholy of Burton. of these masques, behind which
romances of Marlowe,
the
and Greene,
^the his-
Anatomy
The removal
concealed himself,
idols.
Bacon
that
may change
It
is,
name
The
power or wondrous beauty, nor deserve the less admiration of the scholar and critic, because inconsistencies are removed in the knowledge that they came from the brain of the greatest student and writer of that age, and were not
a "flash of genius" descended
less
birth,
is
name
of Spenser,
which
will
page.
The supposed
are
Marlowe
not the
less
The remarkable
attracted
Marlowe and Shakespeare has and the biographers of each have claimed that both style and subject-matter have been imitated, if not appropriated, by the others. The practical explanation lies in the fact that one hand wrote them all.
tributed to Greene, Peele,
much
attention,
PERSONAL.
I fully appreciate what
it means to bring forth new from unexpected and unknown fields, if not in accord with accented theories and long held beliefs. ^Tor what a man had rather were true, he more readily be-
truth
lieves,"
is
many
to
illus-
trations.
I appreciate what
it
means
to ask strong
minds
change
judgment
made
while,
the
new matter
mean-
upon
is
my
work
which
books,
here presented.
has
sufi[icient
Any
who
ISTothing
is
imagina-
The
found reasonable excuse for the hidden writings, except for the purposes narrated, which could only exist concerning,
and be described by, Francis Bacon. I would beg that the readers of this book will bring to the consideration of the w^ork minds free from prejudice, judging of it with the same intelligence and impartiality they would themselves desire, if the presentation were their own. Otherwise the work will, indeed, have been a thankless task.
To doubt
to light
after three
from the
partial
tofore enjoyed.
March
1st, 1899.
EXPLANATORY INTRODUCTION.
(FIRST EDITION.)
The most important literary discovery of the day is that the well known Bi-literal Cipher of Francis Bacon runs through a considerable number of the original editions The present volof the books of the Elizabethan era. Gallup^ The present vol(^made by Mrs. Elizabeth Wells
umeiis the result of nearly three years spent in examining
and translating from these old books the hidden stories which they contain stories startling and marvelous, which,
serve to illumine
much
and
marked by
high order.
prolific in literature of a
It
To
Francis Bacon
life,
it
became an absorbing
as
and which
has, until
In
his
work published
in 1605,
own
secret history,
and
facts concern-
He
secret, the
its
object,
and when
all
personal
INTRODUCTION.
was
past,
hoping that
less
stood,
The
made
appar-
it became the means of conveying to a future time the truth which was being concealed from the world concerning himself, his royal birth his right to be King of England secrets of State regarding Queen Elizabeth his mother and other prominent characters of that day the correction of English history in important particulars, and the exposure of the wrongs that had been put upon him.
and most important of all to the ambiwas the hope of thus bringing to the knowledge of the world the greater field of literature which he had occupied, unknown at that time, and unsuspected until recently, as the author of many books which
to this,
Added
to other
was
The names,
Bacon
Edmimd
The
Bi-
The
from Bacon's pen. Shepherds' Calendar was first published in 15T9, nor was it till 1611, twelve years after Spenser's death, that it was published
That Francis Bacon wrote the Shakespeare Plays, and
the existence of Ciphers in them, has long been suspected, and much time and study devoted to arguing, ^ro and con^
INTRODUCTION.
the several phases and probabilities of the question. The same questions had not been raised, nor suggestion of other authorship than appears upon the title pages, regarding the others, until the discovery by Dr. 0. W. Owen of the principal, or Word-Cipher, in the works of all of thenr, portions
of which have already been published
as
"Sir
Francis
The
directions as to
how
to
different stories to be written, the guides as to find the matter pertaining to them, fully confirms
all possible
den
In the present volume is presented that part of the hidAvritings which the bi-literal Cipher reveals in the fol(1605),
lowing works:
Learning,
of
^De
Augmentis Scientiarum, (1624) Sylva-Sylvarum and 'New Atlantis, (published by Kawley, 1635), Spenser's Shepherds' Calendar and short poems, (1611), Faerie Queene, Jonson's Sejanus, and Masques, (1616), (1613), Mar-
lowe's (Folio
Edward Second, (1622), ^the" Shakespeare Plays, 1623),Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, (1628).
all
In
cis
marriage was two sons, Franand Robert Devereux, afterward Earl of Essex; that Francis was at birth received by Mistress Ann Bacon and was reared and educated as the son of
issue of this
so-called,
Nicholas Bacon.
INTRODUCTION.
In several of the books, though more notably in the Shakespeare Plays, are explanathe succession to the throne.
tions of the "great
Word-Cipher which shows all," with stories, their titles and directions for
In the Shakespeare Plays, the chief dramatic work of is found the most important of the secret writings committed to the Ciphers. Here, in. exttnso, are the principal directions and manner of writing the Word-Cipher,
Bacon,
the keys and guides, the different works to be used and the
names under which they appear, the titles of the hidden stories to be written out, and where the matter of which
they are to be constructed
brother, Robert,
may
be found.
Much
space
is
which the Queen saw fit to have concealed from general knowledge. His references to the trial and execution of Essex and the part he was forced to take in his prosecution, are the subject of a continual wail of unhappiness and ever-present remorse, with hopes and prayers that the truth hidden in the Cipher may be found out, and published to the world "0 God! forgiveness cometh from in his justification. Thee; shut not this truest book, my God! Shut out my if it soe please Thee, and ^love's little sunny hour, past, some of man's worthy work, yet Essex's tragedy here shew forth; then posterity shall know him truly."
The
and Tragedies
(in the
and
at the
sig-
is
in the Plays,
combined
INTRODUCTION.
In
this order the plays are linked together in the
most
unmistakable manner, parts of words and sentences unfinished at the end of one finding completion or continuance
in the next.
occur, however,
from
tions of the books required, and from the fact that the modern editions do not contain this Bi-literal, though the Word-Cipher is easily traced in them. The first missing link is Peele's Old Wives' Tale, which should precede
Twelfth
precede
Night.
Its
in the deciphering.
is
the
third omis-
the
Jew
the
at the
Merry Wives of Windsor. The fourth missing link is end of Much Ado About Nothing, which closes with
Hiren the Fairs Greek
(sup-
which
last
The absence
of
as
On another page is copied from De Augmentis, as nearly may be with modern type, the illustration of the method
by means
of ^letters in two
letters, in
the
books mentioned, with results which have been most surprising in the variety
The
rule
is
comprehended, but
many
making the deciphering more difiicult, Each to the work until removed.
10
INTRODUCTION.
its
book has
own
peculiarities
different letters
and forms
as it
a separate study.
The
first
same forms of
the meaning
Occasionally will be
found a
Roman
regarded.
Not infrequently
is
word,
must be used. There are occasional words in Roman type between words in Italic that have to be used to form the groups necessary In the illustration given in to complete a Cipher word. the original De Augmentis, one of the Latin words ends
the remainder of which
in
Roman;
these
many
is
letters for
The
error
corrected in
One
many
strange things
that have been observed but not explained has been the
These
the books that have been deciphered. occur in nearly There are several in the Folio Shakespeare Plays, and they
are
still
more prominent
in
list is
be joined together in the deciphering. They bring the work into instant confusion, until the proper duplicate page
is
of that
number
are
some other break occurs, which has in turn to Sometimes three, and in Advancebe properly solved. ment of Learning four misplaced pages are found of the same number in the same book. To illustrate more fully: the first T\Tong paging in the Folio Shakespeare occurs in Merry Wives of Windsor. After page 49 are 58-51. In the consecutive order there-
"
INTRODUCTION.
is
11
after,
first
another 51.
In deciphering, the
51
is
first
deciphered;
this
When page 57 has been deciphered, it order resumed. must be followed by the first 58, and this by the second 58. There is no 50 or 59 in this division. In Comedy of Errors, page 85 is followed by page 88, then 87, then 88 again. In deciphering, page 85 must be followed by 87, this by the first 88, and this by the second 88. There is
no 86.
In Tempest,
etc.
as
deciphered,
this
direction
occurs:
Juliet
Ih the closing
story.
&
this:
"Join
Romeo
you wish
my
Turning
to
Romeo and
continued, being a
The deciphering
page
is
of
Romeo and
The next
it
brought
preceding subject.
After much speculation and study, it was recalled that Troilus and Cressida was to follow, and
that the first page of that play was 78. trial of this page brought out the letter and words which connected with those on page 76 of Romeo and Juliet. At the end
of 79, of Troilus and Cressida, again came confusion, but by joining Romeo and Juliet, 79, to this^ and following by page 80 of Troilus and Cressida, the narration was continued in proper order. There is no page 77 in Romeo and Juliet, or in this division of the book.
Had
less
time
12
INTRODUCTION.
and study would have been spent in finding joining parts, and nothing would have been known of the reasons for
deci-
by
letter.
There was marked progress, how^ever, in the period between the production of Bacon's first works and the last. To Bacon, in greater degree than to any other, has been
alike.
new
The
New
Atlantis,
was published
some years
secretary of
whom Bacon
speaks.
table of contents,
Rawley
worked
tells
stances of
its
preparation.
first
came confusion
of letters and
required considerable
some of the letters, i. e., what had been used as the "a" font was changed to the '^" font, either by mistake, or for After the main part of the book purposes of confusion. had been finished, the Introduction by Rawley and table of
contents were deciphered, and this brought out that from
the Eighth Century
INTRODUCTION.
*'yet
13
used some
wrongly, as
LMi^
it
and unwittingly S ^P
and
Z.''
He
Anatomy,
The reference to the signing of the death, warrant of Mary Queen of Scots, by the Secretary, Davison, instead of by Elizabeth, and unknown to her, confirms what tke
most recent historians have noted, and explains some
in-
Perhaps the most remarkable results, and certainly the most unexpected, and greatest surprise, came from deciphering De Augmentis, and Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy.
The
history
of
the
Anatomy
is
peculiar.
It
Museum under the assumed name of T. Bright, in the year 1586, or when Burton was only about ten years old. Greatly enlarged,
appears in the Catalogue of the British
it
and
two
later dates,
person of
whom
author of this
known, except as the supposed work alone, and as a living example of the
little
it
melancholy which
so felicitously describes.
The Cipher
The extraordinary
ment. Bacon
calls it
part
is
summary
argu-
Bacon's work, he precedes the translation with a brief reference to his royal birth and the wrongs he has suffered from being excluded from the throne. The Cipher also tells that in the marginal notes, which are used in large numbers in the book, may be found the argument to a translation of the ^neid, but this has not been deciphered.
14
INTRODUCTION.
In
De Augmentis
is
synopsis,
This, too,
is
The
decipherer
is
nized as Baconian.
Homer was
Iambic
all
the
books deciphered
verse, will
summaries are
plays and poems
many fragments
of his
life.
the different
The repetitions of the sorrowful story take on moods in which he wrote and the variations
about,
mind
passes through
many
Bi-literal
momentary
the
of his
cher-
still
to the
knowing that my labours of a land very farr off, and after great
ED.
length of time
is
past."
PKEFACE.
SECOND EDITION.
Since the issue of the
first
small edition of
"The
Bi-literal
Cipher of Sir Francis Bacon" in April, 1899, (limited to work of deciphering the hidden
steadily for-
now
number
of volumes to
which
been made
possible.
The securing
no
slight task.
The
sources
book ha^dng
from the scattered library of Lord Coleridge, the his signature upon the title page. The disclosures found in this were the inspiration, and held the directions which have led to the prosecution of the work
our disposal,
The old book stores of London furnished some volumes. The collection of rare old books of Dodd, Mead, & Co. was drawn upon. An old original Henry Seventh was found and purchased from a "New York
yielding valuable material.
collection.
'New York, were foun^ some volumes not elsewhere procurable, and these were kindly loaned to us. To Dr. John Dane, of
16
PREFACE.
Boston,
we
held a considerable
facilities for their
The Boston and Harvard Libraries number of old editions and afforded
York
also
opened
its
choice col-
from some of
dedica-
title pages,
were taken.
Upon
list
In all, about 6,000 pages of these original editions have been gone over, the Italic letters transcribed "in groups of
five,''
and each
letter
peculiarities
which
it
its
We
date,
first
Sufficient,
Word
and
elsewhere stated
The Cipher Story is unique in literature, first from the It peculiar method of hiding, and next, in what it tells. is not ours to reason why Francis Bacon should have taken this method to communicate with the "far off ages.'V That
the reasons were sufficient to him, to induce great pains in
their transmission,
is
evident.
It
is
sufficient for us to
find, as
have found
find
it.
we
of the Elizabethan
PREFACE.
period,
17
and
shall
its
many
things yet
to be discovered.
which
The prosecution of the investigations unearth these must be left to those nearer the
The discovery
many on
much will aid in delving deeper, many things that have been inIt is to be hoped
may be made 'for original papers, clues followed that may lead to their location, that no stone be left unturned which may seem to cover the hiding place
of manuscript or written line that will clear
of that which remains undiscovered.
up any portion
AKGUMENT.
All agree that two names stand at the head of the literary
William
Shakeas the
and
literary,
taking
all
knowledge for
his province
man
of his day.
all
Concerning the
kno^^Ti of
first,
is
him
Quot-
among the
we
read:
our ordinary
as a rule,
We have,
as to the productive
We
many
know the
cases
we have
their letters;
attributed to
to the press.
^'Tt is
tists
of Elizabethan England.
He
first
We possess no
Of the manuscript
of his
ARGUMENT.
works, not a single line
his
is
19
extant.
Our
sole
specimens of
hand writing
two to
appended
to his will,
contracts,
authenticity.
fold difficulties.
In
his
collaborated
with
younger men.
He
seems
some
show of
he
justice, that
we know next
to nothing of Shakeeither,
speare's life.
We
when
from
left Stratford or
when he returned
to Stratford
London.
abroad,
We
We
We
fame
as
We
only
know
critical analysis of
is
concerned,
it
jecture.
life,
when
20
ARGUMENT.
is
book, in which
world of
letters to a
of that age.
For nearly
fifty years
now
name name
man
Shaks-perfrom
Stratford.
first
real author
was apparently
sug-
by the
similarity of philosophy
and sentiment
of
parallelisms in thought
Mr. Fiske
Folly,''
tells
to classify them,''
"Insane
or
Eccentric"
literature.
He
way
of his, as
^the
gathering together
new
light
period
the evolution
of
our hands the positive proofs that not only the plays, but
some other
came from
Bacon
says that
'tis
The
found
to be full of mystery.
ARGUMENT.
The
records of
its
21
literature
certainty,
are in
many
much
The
Much
time and
effort in
searching for
avail.
Two
oped, not only in the Plays, but in some other of the old
The first to be discovered was the Word Cipher, by Dr. Owen; the second was Bacon's Bi-literal Cipher, by Mrs.
E.
W.
Gallup,
Owen
in
to sufficient length
and
them
and
satisfactorily
many
in doubt.
They furnish
tell
own
exist-
ence,
tic, as
and
The
Bi-literal
Cipher
is
not new.
is
It is the invention of
Bacon while
in France,
and
more
"De Augmentis"
without
its
this, as
Bacon
it
terms
it,
And
is
familiar to
many
is
in a practical way,
known that it
22
ARGUMENT.
What
is
new, and
startling,
and
ings of
inventor,
secrets of his
own
life,
fitting object
The
they are repeated in the different books with such circumstantiality of detail
history, so
are
against our
First
Bacon
tells
us
these im-
Bi-literal describes
more important
a
structure of the
Word
Cipher
new
concerning the
life
as they were,
and
to
differing materially
appear.
Secondly:
as such,
of works
as
Ben
to
own works
by permission, which
repeated
Thirdly:
sonal history.
The
As
ARGUMENT,
28
its
discovery in
th>e
its
would not
work
in recording
them
After at
De Augmentis, and
in the chapter
on Ciphers gave a
and yet
it
full explanation
to the system,
has
existence in the
letter
by
letter,
through nearly
six
The
rea-
son given for this was that the writer could not expect the
decipherer would begin where the Cipher
also that, should
itself
began, and
still
any book be
lost,
be
take,
at the
brother
eiforts to
later
His the second son of the Queen and a excuse and himself before the world appear age the extreme made
justify
in
^pathetic in
is
to
as
The
earliest edition of
which the
Bi-literal
Spenser's
this that
Muiopotmos, 1590.
was
at
an
earlier date
than
it is
a matter
ARGUMENT.
we have been unable
some of
these,
24
to gain access to
1590, the
initial or starting
we have
all
of
Bacon
this progres-
it is
not
the
Two
The
Bi-literal
of prime import-
ance in
its
Word
were
by
its aid.
It seems, also, to
have
or
would
and
as in
many
another diary,
we
find ex-
mind
as affected
wrongs might
even in
the times and land afar off to which he looked for greater
him
in a false
highest,
he committed to
this
raged
soul.
outward
life.
To
ARGUMENT.
scenes, throws off restraint
25
to the
world exhibits
rents of a hidden
life.
But
it is less
smooth
much
of
it
as a literary production
Word
Cipher.
The method
Word
to the writings
we
The
Bi-literal
is
exact
scientific
inflexible.
The
translation of the
Word
^the
example
is,
There might be
The Word
modern
nals,
some seeming
incongruities.
But
26
ARGUMENT.
says,
Bacon himself
To many
it
will
seem strange,
if
come down
as
it
have been
To some
comes
like
^yet
shattered
:
history turned
awry
there
is
no destruction
It
all is
is
the matter
we have
'tis
simply change
and
We are asked Vhat matters it" ^whether this be so or not? Why delve into the mysteries of the past, and un'
"what's in a name?"
settle things'^
It
is
not develop a
Liquid Air!
new use for Electricity, or the possibilities But when we contemplate the building
of
of
exposed for study the best that past and present has to
offer, is it
the acme of
shall seek to
human
and
it
surmount by a
name which
embracing
all
Arts,
is
not
man
aright?
all
threads of light
^ave
ques-
ARGUMENT.
tion,
27
.shall
be truthful.
may
we have the
careers of those
who
acknowledged authen-
ticity
but can we
English literature,
we can now
form
theon
shall
modem
Pan-
^that
first
in the galaxy of
all.
them
M.
]SrOTES
regarding the
'^It is
first
all
the copies
existing in
to such as
may
be cognizant
of their value.
ter's shop,
One was discovered in 1857, in a carpenamong a lot of old books that had been bought
shillings;
for a
few
will doubtless
again happen.
Copies are
known
to exist in
Germany, in
at 1, a
sum
repre-
it at
$26.00.
of Shakespeare
made
its
bidder representing
Almon W.
all
Griswold, of
New
secured
it
mark then
since
reached, and
it
Folio,
have
March, 1900.
29
United
but the
of
'
number
is
''was
year; and
it."
and
size,'
who
reserved
it
from the
many
years; and
it
Eodd
received
it
was
in Lewis's hands,
removed.'
states
"A
March
8,
1622, the figure "3" being imperfectly worked (or battered) " in that particular copy in which
it
appears.' It
is
called the
Baker
One
Lenox Library
dis-
The
title
edge of the margin covered the lower part of the long "3,"
and a
slight
as a
30
"2."
light.
In
first
fact, it is well
known
seen that
it
follows
VitsB
The
of
those put out in the same year, find answer in the Bi-literal,
directly or
by plain
inference.
If connected in such a
way
prior-
was found
Of
these,
had been
traced.
to
have rejected
as spurious or
Of
these
Pericles, Sir
John
shire
list
these four.
peculiar title
ALL'S
or
o:nte
A YORKSIHEE TRAGEDIE,
as it
was plaid by
31
In Justin "Winsor's
Three Parts of Henry
^'JSTote
Sixth''
we
read
"Hudson
6,043
lines,
two plays
contain
state,
is
something
all
ISTearly
rejections being
few and
small.'
who
who
says, cer-
Duke
of
Yorke was
which Shakespeare
partially retouched
much improving the rudeness of the outline'; of Hunter, who says, ^They have evidently much of Shakewithout
speare's hand, but there are in
them
portions of an inferior
says, 'Shakespeare
II.,
Hunter again
prehis
is
much from
of Halliwell,
who
is
at the theatre';
of the
Cambridge
who
who
contain the
work
of Greene,
them
32
"Staunton
agrees
with
an undiscovered
original.
"They
speare's
ness, etc.
by Theobald,
is
held by
"They are given to Marlowe in the Chalmer's Catalogue. Malone ascribes Part III. to Marlowe; and Hartley Coleridge says of the same part, that
^it is
ascribed to
Marlowe
with
to
much
probability.'
Dyce
"They
read
are ascribed to
"Though there
\/
handiwork of
else
than Shakespeare.
And
mark
found in the second and third parts of Henry VI. bear the
of unmistakable superiority, and are Shakespearian
in spirit
no
less
to
Marlowe.
He
33
we suppose that
was
care-
and that
it
here reap-
Henry
"Other additions
older
also
seem only
those, to wit,
cated.
tions
But there
is
lowe's style.
by Shakespeare,
''
how
^they
additions which
seem
to point
Marlowe."
)C
Bacon
the Bi-literal
may
take
many
form
one,
by making a likeness
theame
may
be a
long time ere I can put into use most choice lines so cuFd * from early plays"
style,
he
"I varied
th'
my
men, since no
two shew
*Page
156.
same
taste
and
like imagination."**
200.
And
*Page
34
man
that yet
should
my
owne bee
seene, as a thrid of
warpe in
find,
my
open work we
"Style
as the subject-matter."
The
Bi-literal
On
comparison,
it
Italicised the
is
made
to
hidden
story.
Two
quarto
editions
of
1600), Richard
I
II.
(1598
Midsummer
!N"ight's
three
Dream (1600), have been deciphered, besides the last named plays as they are printed in the Folio,
Italicised
where the
words are
still
different
from those in
in the
Q615),
number used
still
greater variations
number
of
them, as well
^
as in the fonts of
were chosen.
Thus
is
we
repeat,
KATE
***Page
54.
E.
WELLS.
ste:n'ogeaphy,
m
it
as
Cipher,
sion
now
is
which
we
"
an argument against the possibility Alban being the author of all that has been claimed for him, is based upon at least one great fallacy, namely, that Francis St. Alban could not have transmitted his thoughts and conceptions (as some of
It appears that
of Francis St.
could be taken
secretaries.
down
in "short-hand"
by some of
his
"It is,"
and
we cannot
the intention
make people believe to the contrary." The present lines are written not with
and for
our
belief
all to
own
circle of readers,
may
do away with this mistaken idea amongst however much the erroneous remain with "the general."
35
36
'
"
adds that "The Cipher mentions both Bright and Burton as names under which ^Bacon' wrote the book, and also that the different editions contain each a different cipher story." 2. "T. Bright" dedicated his book on short-hand writing to Queen Elizabeth, with the title "Characterie, or the Art of Short, Swift and Secret Writing." 3. At the time of the publication of this book, Francis was 27 yeai*s of age, and passing through a
to 1590 there is hardly a trace of his dobut the press was teeming with and issuing works of all kinds the English Renaissance had begun. To the Treatise on Short Writing of 1588, there followed "The Writing School-master," by "Peter Bale." Here we are told that "Brachygraphy, or the art of writing as fast as a man speaketh treatably, may in appearance seem difficult, but it is in effect very easy, containing a many commodities under a few principles, the shortness whereof is obtained by mem-
From 1586
ings,
j
by
by indus-
try."
most Baconian utterance suggestive of its The date of this book is 1590. true source. The next attempt towards improvement in the art seems to have been printed in 1602 by "John Willis." It was entitled "The Art of Stenographie or Short Writing by Spelling Characterie," and after this had
IN
37
published by
in 16f30,
Edmund
Willis, in 1618,
began and flourished in the reign of Elizabeth, and was vigorously used and improved upon during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. That Francis not only first introduced the art, but that he made good use of it the present writer does not The scanty records publicihed for an instant doubt. of his mysterious private life seem in many pldces to hint, although they do not plainly affirm that this was
the case.
of Dr. Rawley,
when
descyibing his
"His meals were refections of the ear as well as of stomach, like the Koctes Atticse, or Conviviae Deipno-sophistarum, wherein a man might be refreshed in his mind and understanding no less than in his body. And I have known some, of no mean parts, that have professed to make use of their notebooks when they have risen from his table" (so they went prepared with note-books). Peter Boehner, private secretary and medical attendant to Irancis "Bacon," describes how in the morning he would call him or some other of his secretaries to his bedside, and how they wrote down from his lips the thoughts and ideas which he had conceived in the night. Had this process been so "slow and
the
laborious" as the general belief
is supposed to warrant, our indefatigable and nimble-minded author would have had to pass most of his days in bed. On the contrary, we think it far more probable that the amanuensis could write as fast as a man could speak "treatably," or in other words slowly and with deliberation, as (in the Short jSTotes for Civil Conversation) he en-
'^'
upon others who would speak pleasantly and to be understood: "In all kinds of speech it is convenient to speak leisurely, and rather drawingly than hastily' ^^ giving as one reason for this, that "a slow speech confirmeth the memory." Doubtless it
is
'Now
if
of,
which followed
each other through his wonderful brain, his reflections on the philosophies which he was studying, his comments upon books, which he read, notes and sketches of proposed works, or revised matter ready for the if he seldom put pen to paper, but in elbow press
chair,
and due course transcribing and writing fair the sheets which he had but to read, and if needful to correct and polish what a mass of matter could he thus have produced and given to the world under any name but his own Would that our own thoughts and utterances were worthy of a like method of preservation. We could then exclaim with Armado in Love Labour's Lost: "Devise wit; write pen; for I am for whole volumes
sat") dictated in the abundance of his full heart
mind
they in
in folio."
fka:^cis
bacok
The
trasts.
life of
many and
From
which was
all
that
to
he desired.
It
was
full of
The apparent
lips.
fulfillments, like
dead sea
After a
life of
Seeming
inconsisten-
best, loved,
and
his biographers
which
As
his
the value of
depend upon
conduct three
this question
where
it
genius.
This
man who,
in 1561.
as
many
authorities assert,
was endowed
human
race,
was born in
London
89
40
FRANCIS BACON.
The
was
and
this son
Prince of Wales.
The
and Elizabeth in
the
Tower correspond
sufficiently
as their
His
foster
His
foster
mother
piety, virtue
At twelve
where,
when most
we
Greek or
Hebrew.
While
at this College,
from
became
dis-
much
He left
and
to
the age.
When
and was
dor,
at
recalled
by the death of
Sir
FRANCIS BACON.
to expectation, left
41
his will,
which becomes
coveries.
It has
strange by his
made
no provision for
his support.
Queen
unwdllingness of the
tions,
Queen
to
heir apparent.
shift for
He
How much
and
time
was devoted
to law,
is
to literature
philo-
sophical studies
unknown.
amid exciting times, he was elected
to
At
twenty-five,
member
of the
House
of
Commons
King James he was more rapidly advanced came Lord High Chancellor of England.
of
until he be-
Three years
tion to a
later
fine
heavy
was remitted,
enforced.
as if the injustice of it
five
to be
The
were
and
than 66 years
in 1626.
By
his will,
drawn
he be-
''to
day
hai'
>
his legatees.
as a politician or as a
is
"Whether
justiciary, a philosopher or
man
in
42
FRANCIS BACON.
can boast."
"Bacon's
Pope, that "Lord Bacon was the greatest genius that England, or perhaps
De-
Quincy
calls
human
intellect."
Welch
tion,
physics.
divided
authors of antiquity
imagination;" while
that hearing the
Edward Burke wrote, "Who is there name of Bacon, does not instantly recogof discovery, the most penetratlife,
most extensive
of observation of
human
"A man
so rare in
many
several
and
felicity of expressing it
perhaps
was a world."
And Macau-
man
FRANCIS BACON.
subjugated.
43
life
was spent in a
tales.''
critic Schlegel,
:
whose "History
almost a
classic, says
he
spirit of investigation
many
and seems
to
others.
intellect, ex-
perimental science extended her boimdaries in every direction; intellectual culture, nay, the social organization of
modern Europe
plection."
generally, assumed a
new
extracts occur:
"With
to
his
mag-
nificent
what
sober
He knew
secrets,
the
mighty
secrets
nature; and which w^th but time and patience will be read
there.
He knew
by
talis-
mans
and that
if his
44
FRANCIS BACON.
effects
would produce
was
He
loved
his
world as
it
would be when
own noble
and
literature should
more
its
purpose and end, for the good of the world, and this will
Our
Queen
Elizabeth,
his-
It has
been
The contrary
is
the fact.
Dur-
young Prince
though
ter
in the
Henry
the VII.
bet-
was unacknowledged
can perhaps be
of
The conduct
Henry of
Throughsufficiently
marriage
was
and Sir
when divorce could be obtained from Aymas Paulet attempted to negotiate the
FRANCIS BACON.
arrangement with Queen Elizabeth, but
this not
45
meeting
The Play
of
Romeo and
Juliet
for
real characters.
In the "^N'ew
Atlantis,'' published
fame of
it
th'
to
me
even
then,
and
was
flattering to th'
love
taking us from
my native land,
inasmuch
as th' secret
required
tlien
much
'twould have
common
course
o'
businesse.
sunny land
o' th'
would have
remain
hope
o'
advancement
to
my
whole
I^or
for love
o'
King
o'
Eden
to
my
when
angels in
my
thoughts half
o' th'
time
This
many
o' life
eight lustres
were
any other
to
my
sore heart.
Then I married
woman who
hath put
Marguerite from
my
memorie
undimmed beauty
of those early
dayes
and braine.
46
FRANCIS BACON.
Yet here I have a
little digressed,
my
When
avised of
my
love,
he proposed
o'
by
th' failure in
the field of
having resolv'd
marke
my
my
and
is
my
works of
vari-
my
minde.
It
thus by
my
disappoint-
CIPHEKS.
Bacon, from childliood, was intended for a public career.
At
that time
all
diplomatic, and
much
personal correspond-
Among
known
the substantial
as the Baconian, or
Bi-literal Cipher,
which
is
and
is
uses.
It
may
not be generally
known
in brief,
its
These
may
his death; or
it
ored lights alternately displayed; in short any means whatever alternating any two unlike or unequal signs, sounds,
motions or things.
gression, almost
Under the
by
these
particular key.
It has
no
upon
its
Bacon himin
all
all
cipher,
is
completely descriptive.
47
48
CIPHERS.
On
"Advancement
tlie
of Learning,"
(1605),
Bacon's
first
reference to
plan,
Bi-literal Cipher.
its
use,
later, in the
De Angmentis
day
De Augmentis was
its
place
it
was embedded in
his earliest
writings (1579 as
sonal history.
The two
of the
editions of
De Augmentis form an
tell
illustration
manner
same
a different Cipher
issued, accord-
The
first,
or
"London"
edition,
was
The
next, or "Paris"
They
printing,
first.
The 1624
The 1623
It seems to be a
rare edition.
Edwin Durning-Lawrence.
At the end
"
of
Edward Second
it
referring to
. .
De Augmentis
the story
we
relate in this
way)
CIPHERS.
shall
49
now know
the day
."
Had
Francis succeeded to
Edward Second, hence the inference that De Augmentis would contain much of his personal history. The disappointment was great when instead of this, the hidden matter was found to be the Argument of the Odysthe queens) after
sey,
At
work in Burton^s
found
another
great
disappointment
is
(page 309)
"...
aid
while a Latin
work
De
Augmentis
will
give
As
lendeth
ayde
i.
e.,
sets
pattern
for
the
Word
Cipher.
is
1623 edition will disclose the personal history referred on page 152.
illus-
midway on page
an
error
Cypher
as
too
many
letters
must be omitted.
Other
50
CIPHERS.
it is
confusion or otherwise,
impossible to
tell.
The
line
on page 307,
"
"Exemplum Accomodaiionis'
should be placed above the example of the adaptation just
preceding.
of the bi-formed
as
In these
seem
culiar forms,
on these pages.
lines
letters
fonts is consecutive as
in Burton.
To
Of the
Advancement of Learning.
(London,
1605.)
CYPHARS
they are commonly in Letters or Alphabets, but may bee in Wordes. The kindes of C Y p H A R s, (befides the Simple Cyphars
For
CYpHARs
Nonsignificant
s)
are
But the vertues of them, whereby they are to be preferred, are three that they be not laborious to write and reade; that they bee impofsible to difcypher; and in fome cafes, that they bee The higheft Degree whereof, without fufpition. Per Omnia; which is is to write vndoubtedly pofsible, with a proportion Quintuple
Omnia
and
;
infoulded,
no
other
reftrainte
whatfoeuer.
of Difcypheringe
hath for Relatiue, an Art by fuppofition vnprofitable but, as things are, of great vfe. For fuppofe that Cyphars were well mannaged, there bee Multitudes of them which exclude the Difcypberer. But in regarde of the rawnefTe and vnskilfulneffe of the handes, through which they paffe, the greateft
This Arte of
Cypheringe,
Matters, are
Cyphars,
many
De Augmentis Scientiarum
(Translation, Gilbert Wats, 1640.)
Wherefore
let
us come to
y p h a R s.
Their kinds
Cyphars of
are
U^ulloeSy
Cyphars;
of
And
laflly,
But that jealoufies may be taken away, we will annexe an other invention, which, in truth, we devifed in our youth, when we were at Paris : and is a thing that yet feemeth to us not worthy to be It containeth the higheji degree of Cypher, which loft.
is
fo
as the writing
infolding,
may
writing infolded;
no other condition or reftriction whatfoever is required. It fhall be performed thus: Firft let all the Letters of the Alphabet, by tranfpofor the fition, be refolved into two Letters onely tranfpofition of two Letters by five placings will be fufificient for 32. Differences, much more for 24. which is the number of the Alphabet, The example of fuch an Alphabet is on this wife.
;
An
<^
C
I
T>
E
L
F
04
H
O
7
have, and
V
is it
IV
X
:
may performe For by this Art a way is whereby a man may exprelTe and fignifie
the intentions of his minde, at any diftance of place, by objects which may be prefented to the
and accommodated to the eare provided thofe objects be capable of a twofold difference onely as by Bells, by Trumpets, by Lights and Torches,
eye,
:
by the report of Muskets, and any inftruments of like nature. But to purfue our enterprife, when you addreffe your felfe to write, refolve your inward-infolded Letter into this Say the inter iotir Letter be
Fuge.
"Bi-literarie
Alphabet,
Example of Solution,
F
aabab,
V
baabb,
G
aabba.
E
aabaa.
Together with this, you muft have ready at hand a 'Bi-formed Alphabet, which may reprefent all the Letters of the Common Alphabet, as well Capitall
Letters as the Smaller Characters in
a double
forme, as
may
fit
An
)a ^Aaa
i
bah
a b
a b
a b a b
MMmm
a a a a a a abababab OOoo %Iirr TPpp QJiqq XtJ^Nnn SSss Sab a a a a a abababab ab ia JTttVVvvuulVWwwXXxx YYyy ZZ^z
I
a b
Now
you
is
Biliterate,
fhall fit a biformed exteriour letter, which fhall anfwer the other, letter for letter, and afterwards fet it downe. Let the exteriour example be,
OAanere
te volo,
donee venero.
An
Example of Accommodation.
F
a
V
b
b.
G
a a
b b a, a a
E
baa.
a b a b.b a a
{Manere
te
An
interiour
cypher'd
Spartan Dispatch,
j^ll
is lost.
{Mindarus
is
killed.
The soldiers
longer
want food.
here.
An
Epiftle
involved.
Jn
a a
all
A
\
aaa\ahab
L
a\ab
\
a a a\b a I
\
a a b \a b a b
you, I satisfy everybody except myself. a b b a a\ a a\ a b b a b\i a a a b \baaba\ab a b b\ab a a a M o [My self J never satisfy. For so great are
I
|^|r|
a a\b a a
r/|iv|
\
a a
d\a\r\u\
b b\a
a a
a a\b a a
b b
a a
a b a a a\ b a a I S
\
the services
a b\a b a a b\ab a a I
\
abaa\aaab D 1^1 that seeing you did not rest in your enaaba\aabbb\a aba E |^|<9|i;| H
a b
a\a
\
a\a
b\ b
\
a\b a
a a b\a b b a
b [a
a b a
a a
deavours on my behalf
abb\abaaa\aa b I E D
\ \
done,
abba
N
E
till the
aaa
b\b a
thing was
a a
a\
b a a\a a
feel as if life
baab
a\a
ab a
b\a b
b a b
abb a
abb
\b a
baa
ness, because
a a
b
J cannot
a
do as
a a
\
much
b
in this
a\a a a b
\
a\a
\
a a a a b b
\
cause of yours. a a a b a a b a a a b b I T H
\ \
a b
a a\a a
1^1
\
b\
\
a a
a a\b a a a a\a
\
abb
G
a\a a b a
^mmonius,
a
\
the king' s
\
ly
a\a
\
is
a b b a\a b a b a
v\l\o\n\
\
H E N C besieges us with money. The business b b a a\a b b a b \b aaaa\baaab baa b a\a a a a a\b N O R S r A carried on through the same creditors
T
\
\ \ \
I
a a
b a\ a
a b
b a
b\a b
a\a a
b b
abaa\baaaa\ e r
\
\
in it
\
b b\a a
\
a a\b a a a a
\
a a
a a a
a aa a
here S-c.
(
ElHs
(REPRODUCTION .)
Epistle,
Jn all duty or rather piety towards you, I satisfy everybody except myself, OAyself J never satisfy. For so great are the services which you have rendered me, that, seeing you did not rest in your endeavours on my behalf till the thing was done, 7 feel as if life had lost all its sweetness, because J cannot do as much in this cause ofyours. The occasions are these: Jlmmonius, the king's ambassador^ openly besieges us The business is carried on through the with money. same creditors who were employed in it when you were here &^.
Cipher infolded.
Jill
is lost.
want food.
here.
We
The soldiers zMindarus is killed. can neither get hence nor stay longer
hath drawne on with it a knowledge relative unto it, which is the knowledge
The knowledge of Cyphering,
man
were utterly ignorant of the Alphabet of the Cypher, and the Capitulations of fecrecy paft between the Parties. Certainly it is an Art which requires great paines and a good witt and is [as the other was]
confecrate to the Counfels of Princes: yet notwith-
it
may be made
it
un-
be of great ufe. were invented & practifed, many of them would delude and foreftall all the Cunning of the Decypherer^ which yet are very apt and eafie to be read or written: but the rawneffe and unskilfulneffe of Secretaries^ and Clarks in the
profitable, though, as things are,
For
if
good and
faithfull Cyphers
Courts of Princes, is fuch, that many times the greateft matters are committed to futile and weake Cyphers.
BARONI S DE VERVLAMIO,
VICE-COMITIS
SANGTI ALBANI.
DE DIGNTTATE ET JrGMMNTIS
FRANCISCI
SClENTlARrM.
L
I
B R
X,
^ D KEC E M
yVM
P A
Typis
S,
Petri METTAYER,T)npograpbiK'^j
M. DC.
XX I V.
3o6
Dejdugmentii Sciemiarum.
Litcras fojuantur
y;
tumtnodo
.carum.
per Tranfpofitioftcm
duarum Literarum , per Locprquinquc, Diflrercntiis.triginra duabus, multd nragis viginti quatuor ( qui cS: Numerus Jlpha^ ^mapudnos ) lufficrct. Huius jilfhahen Excmpluiu
tale eft.
Nam Tranfpofitio
Excmplum K^l^hdhetiMlteurpj^
^
"^
^
V)
(h
00
y ^
,
laapar.paaPP^paSaa 'PapapJapfa.SaSSf
Neque Icucquiddara obiter hocjnodo perfedum cft^Etenim ex hoc ipfopatet Modus quoadoinncm
Loci Diftantiam,per Obicd:a>qu2e vcl Vifui^vcl Auditui fubijci poflint^Senfa
liceat :
fi
raodo Obieda illa,duplicis tantum DifFcrcnticapaciafunt, velutipcrCampanas , per Buccinas^ per Flammeos,pet SonitusTormentorum,& alia quunque. Verumvtlacoeptumpcrfequamur^cum ad
LiherSextus'.
507
Exeinplunl SolmionU.
quod iingulas
j^lfbaheti
com-
modam^fit cxhibeat-
Exemplum
Al^nahctiBiformiSo
Exemplum Accommoddtionis.
dem Ciphrac
Scr'thendi
neque
hicdmpins manerepojfumm.
Q^
ii
jo8
DeiAfigmemliSctemiarum,
J.^a.A<i^.^.Q. (f.ccM/I
a. /-<?r.A d'
p*a,kar.p,
aS
a, p.a.b.
(t'
PdJ- <^'
p,
O'.
a.
<^.
P, a^
p,<ir p.
a,
/.ft.
A <f. p. cp.c
XMn.n.O. e.s.K
p
'tt'P'a.p.OrP.d* p-a^'P^a.
p.Ap^ap
<^.
P' a^.p*
<v, p^
a^,p*
d'P-aP'aP'U.f,
LihrSextif,
op
mmivrwfi,yiyuom-
cumiu adsz
h^m^omnt
Senahs ^Ii=
Q3
iij
DICITVR
V
E
INDICIA VERA
T>E
I3^TE%T%ETATlO:hQE
INSTAVRATIONIS,
QVjE comtlectitv\ PARTITIONES SCIENTIARVM*
lUa tamen ex Secmdo Libro de Progrcriibus faciendis in Dodtrina X^i'
SBQVirV%^SSCVtNi'DA TA.%S
NSTVARATIONIS,
Qjr^
Interpretandi
A%TSM ITSAM
neque earn ipfam
iujii;
PRAE.FA'
FRANCISCI
BARONIS
VERVLAMIO, VICE-COMITIS
S
ANCT
A LBANI,
V E>
TITVLVS SECVNDVS
inHiftoriaNaturali Experiniencali ad con^endam Philolbphiam
Qua?
eft
&
msrAV%ATioiiis magt^^
PARS TERTIA.
Zf^^^-
%^^
In Officinal o.
Hav
l a n.d, impenfis
1(525.
Matthaei Lownes,
of
Lord Cobham.
As it hath hem lately a2ted by the "Right honorable the Earle of^otingham Lord High tAdmiraUof England,
hisSeruantu
Writtenby William ShakcTpore.
Londonprintedfor T T.
1600.
LONDON
ProdigalL
As it was plaide by the Kings Maicflies
TJfE
feruants.
By Ff^iUiamShake/peare,
YORKSHIRE
TRAGEDIE.
^otjo ^^(p>,
Lamentabk and True.
as
Written by W,
Shakespeare.
Printed for
T,
*P,
1619;
FRANCIS BACON'S
BI-LITERAL CIPHER
THE DECIPHERED SECRET STORY
From
Original Editions in British
Museum
i^yg
to
i^go.
PUBLISHEKS' NOTE.
THIRD EDITION.
The publication
Cypher
of the second edition of the Bi-literal
preceding
summer
1590.
The
Museum.
The
life
work.
Araygnement of
Paris,
Planetomachia, 1585.
Treatise of Melancholy, 1586.
Two
editions of this
Italics.
is
The
first
in.
completed
making evident
which was
the
first
same time.
These two
also join
first
finding
its
in the second.
1588..
Two
editions of this
work
In
is
not
joined
Overstrained
eye-sight,
forms of
Italic letters,
to
know
concerning that
all
the
sufficient
unmistakably to connect
had
Cypher
so that
we now know
from the
first to
lit-
to 1626.
to that
77
2378.
SHEPHEAED'S CALENDEE.
1579.
future
sov'raigne,
or
England's
King.
doth in a
make
th'
puny
abilitie to
her Ma.
clayme
to roiall pow'r.
In event
o'
death of
known
as sonne to
open the dores of the sepulcher to break in sunder the bonds and cerementes of a marvaillous historic, we the eldest
God made
we have made
mode
chose the readers. Fayling meanes have alwaie[a] like sorte of keie held by each interpreter, wee devis'd two Cyphars
time, or
in this, as all our existing
now
first
cleere,
and undecipherable,
79
80
BI-LITERAL
as anie
semeth to us
is
what
thus
reveal'd.
It
untill a future
open
house of treasure.
entrance-way and enter the Yet are we in hourly terror least th^
It is for good cause, there-
intention
set forth in
THE AKAYGI^EME:NtT of
By
waiting
usi'g our
PAEIS.
1584.
GEORGE PEEDB.
Word Cyphar
heere, our labours are
greatlie increast.
also, at
mind must
oft to
great discoverie.
Wee may
Be
be
much
that
is
vainlie, since
we have
The', manifold times, our tho'ght sodainely changeth answer therto. But it wil
in due time bee related wholly.
Safety should
arise,
no
IN
lesse
THE ARAYGNBMENT OF
PARIS.
81
Our mother
chaunces of losse
as herein,
for
when
most shal see buf Latine and Greeke in diverbs of rare worth, nor see our free use of great VirgilFs vers', translated in the schools, and the more w^ondrous Homer,
his poemes.
th' secret is
it is
Their
eies rest
to divulge
features that
length,
wee doubt
not, to donne, as it
commeth
In sorrowe we
th' luckles
we
are in truth
alas,
wit no
way o'
safe
whose
loialtie
may
ing
serve, at
uniting
til'
many
pow'res such
to
By
knowledge that
this
whole people
:
th'
for
when mankinde
dome
artes
may
find
no true
We ourself hate,
God hath
laid
now
glowing like
for
crowne then
displaie
it
this
before
all eies.
is
diademe upo' her brow, yet wil she not It is th' rich crowne of mothe'PR.
hoode.
Our
true title
OF WALES.
82
BI-LITERAL
1584.
seeme probable
a part that
whose
had
Our
discoverer,
sight lookt through all th' disguises, hath bin fro' th' first
it is
framed
it
would
relate,
two kinds
our designe,
once cost
fame, fortu'e
would
at
all
that
wee hold
deare.
We
In event of the
and
this
God e'dued
It is not in us aught
unmeet or headie-rash
prais'd.
we
injoye, indeed, in
pri'ces.
If
it
mindes such as youthfuU roial should bee wanting, then might all men saye
common with
all
wee lack'd
is
th'
spirit, or
mightie England. It
it
if soe
ere
we
sunny
rayes.
Even now,
th'
mother who
IN
83
her imployment.
might proclayme our succession cloth scarcely keep us in At no time doth a love for her two sonnes so move her, as to lead her, a queene by inherited right, to do as her roiall pare't had providently done, or to declare
the succession should be to her right heyres by a just union with that wel markt sutour, Robert D.
Fine mindes
fame,
if
by
skillfull
meanes
th'
us.
Wee
may
soe go foorth
and
so
manie in
th'
in
unknowne
as a
coming yeeres wil surely bee of benefit, although it bee for a long season what is the cause and ultimate
new
mode
of transmitting
all
nature.
It requyreth
must
the parts locatio' that altereth th' sense. As naught else was intended when our original designe was fourm'd, change of that which shal bee imparted in this way, the hidden epistle thus safely preserv'd from th' wrackes of
'tis
their
own
roiall Prince,
th' silent
life
that
is,
our advice
from a friend whose wise counsaile hath long bin aidante and comforting. It is to this effect That in age is a sense of dutie most felt, as is made plaine in freque't marked
:
84
BI-LITERAL
of
examples
tardie
late
in
life
many
power
exaijiples of a
his
have beene righted. Wee therefore have beene in hope of our winning this inheritance in due time. We know how wearie, ever, is hope deferr'd. In th' Holy Booke of th' Scripture it saitli '^Hope deferred
:
sicke."
Bee not, however, of opinion our hope is immediately become England's King. Wee request but our naturall
:
right
that
we be
;
with Robert D.
livi'g,
Wales whyles our parent be but the propper souveraigne wdth name and stile
the Prince
o'
soe f arre
had no Francis on th' scrowl that co'tayneth their worthy in proper course o' time, as other that Christian names were princes have had fortune before this in our realm.
when
she hon-
become th' guest of goode Sir that kinde man wee supposed our father
his unchangeable gentle kind-
safetie,
and true advancement. These become marked that wee pursew'd did make our tong sharp to
seldome, lacking Greeke epigram to
fit
as th' studie
replie
when
liveth, as
and wee were ofte bro't into her gracious presence. It do dreemes of yesternight, when now wee close
our eies
the
statelie
IN
85
sometimes said in Sir Xicholas' eare on going to her co^ch ^'Have him wel instructed in knowledge that future station
shal
make
necessary."
it
witte,
and pondered upon, but w^e found no meaning, for all our no whispered woorde having passed th' lippes of noble Sir Nicholas on the matter. It w^as therefore long ere we knew our birth roial, and th' fond love of both foster parentes was restrainte and stave to our young spirit when the wild and fierie tempest sodainelie brast upo' us. This dread force w^ould otherwise have ruined, wasted and borne
us adrift like a despoil'd harvest.
In course of time, in a horrible passio' of w^tles wrath, was thus flasht, like as lightning, upon us by our proude roial parent her self e. We were in presence as had manie and oftentimes occurred, Que. E. havi'g a liking of our manners with a nomber o' th' ladies and severall of the gentlemen of her court, when a seely young maiden babied a tale Cecill, knowing her weakeness, had whispered in her eare. A daungerous tidbit it was, but it well did
th' revelation
all,
but
th'
honour,
^oe
sooner breath'd
was hearde by the Queene, noe more, in hearde then 'twas avenged by th' enraged Queene. Never had we scene fury soe terrible, and it was some time that wee remayned in silent, horror-strook dismaye, at the fiery overwhelming tempest. At last when stript of al her fraile attire, the poor maid in frightened remors' lay quivering at Queene Elizabethes feet, almost
aloude then
it
depriv'd
o'
breath,
stil
sense
was
lost
no
86
BI-LITERAL
angry Fury and her prey, wee bent a knee craving that wee might lif te up the tender bodie and bear it thence. A dread sile'ce that foretels a storm fell on the Queene for a space, as th' cruell light waxed brighter and th' cheeke
circle this
burnt as
th' flame.
As
it fell
upon us
came hurtling forth, stunning and blasting the sense, till we wanted but a jot of swooning likewise. I^ot onely did wee believe ourselfe to be base, but also w^ee beleeved the
angry reproaches of such kinde as never can bee cleared awaie, for she declar'd us to be the fruit of a union of the the secret and in sorte that is oft lustf ull and lascivious suppressing th' name of our father, she did in very truth
we speake. When, however, Ladie Anne Bacon, hearing th' tale which wee tolde, made free and full relation how this secret marriage with th' Earle, our fonde sire, whom we knew little and lov'd not more then was due, was consumated,
give us reaso' to f eare the blot of which
it
it
downe
in a varietie of formes,
use, both as
may
The
preparatio' that
wel understood to be
secret as the grave
;
much
it
but
time
Seeke, in
:
kind of
letters
now
us'd, for
PLAIN-ETOMACHIA.
ROBERT GREENE.
With great and
labour, such as
1585.
shew at eventide and at morne or finde lawrells, a cyphar none will have winne you the honour or th' favour to employ, asuredlie, for a short periode, this work is dutifully persued for our advancement. As all may know, in time, the reason why 'tis yet hidden history of our present time and a time not very far
you
shall also
if
title to
England's throne
must soone bee known. Althoug' a life, no other then our mother's, removi'g our naturall claym yet another degre, must keepe us still
subject to the uncertaine duratio' as well as the fortune of
self e,
we have
faith in our
who, whilst now hee loveth his peace, and quiet enjoieth' roiall
ment of
is
kindnese soe
ii^
much no
manifest, hath
may
be maintayned.
Hee
it
wil no
nor in honours no
way
woman, who, in ascending the English throne, did, like a common mayden of her realme, hide those secret counsells in her owne f aire bosome. Aye, few ghest that her suitour was her wedded lord. In truth, had not our f arre seeing sire exercised more then the degree that was his wont, or his privilege, of au87
88
BI-LITERAL
had rested contente with th' marriage ceremony performed in the Tower, and would not have, asked for regall, or even noble pompe with attendants and witnesses; nor would she have wished for more state, because being quite bent upon secrecy, she with no want of justice contended, ^^The fewer eyes to Avitnesse, the fewer tongues to testify to that which had beene done."
thoritie, Elizabeth
the daye
As hath beene said, Earle of Leicester then foresaw when he might require the power this might grant
th' first-
bome Sonne
therfrom,
meanes
we unfortunately
ill
most rancourous
tiful!
will,
many
yeares backe.
As you no
to beau-
know
more ev'n
then our roiall mother, was bent upon our dispatch thither,
concerning
affaires of state
intrusted to us in
much
th'
same manner, w^e thought, as waighty affaires upon Sir Amyas, with whom they sent us to th'
strange Providence, this served well the pur;
By some
poses of our
owne heart
for,
choyse,
we straightway proceeded
therein, to find a
to
methode of secret communication of our That, however, drew noe suspition upon this device, inasmuch as it did appeare quite naturall to one who was in companie and under the instruction of our ambassadour to the Court o' France and it seemed, on th' part of our parents, to afford peculiar relief, as shewing that our spirit and minde had calmed, as
;
the ocean after a tempest doth sinke into a sweete rest, nor
gives a signe of th' shippewracke belowe the gently roUi'g
surface.
IN
PLANETOMACHIA.
89
Eayli'g this
nowe
the
no doubt our discypherer doth know, we devised double alphabet Cyphar which with
as
ere
this
patience
may
may
be
first
as,
Thus shal we see our work arise, Judgement Day, the soules that death set free shall
first
rise
God and
;
as the
is
different
from
from
th' first
Cyphar
epistle to
by some
ill-
chance, come upo' the matter, and our life bee the forfeit
ere half this labour bee ended.
Should she laie hand upon owne would evermore read this interiour history. Where our Cyphar shiftes with suddennes, our decypherer needeth more patience.
FRA.
B.
A TKEATISE OF MELANCHOLY.
T.
1686.
BRIGHT.
of mouthpeeces for our voice,
Verily, to
is
make choyse
;
and important, missio' and it oft in truth swaloweth all we I^one receive from our writtings ere such cost be paid. must thinke, however, that this doth moove us to forego th' worke. Rather would a slowly approaching death bee
desir'd, or haste'd to
summo' us
we now
in our
90
BI-LITERAL
manner of
our
history, as
also a
most full
and compleat
marriage,
when prisonner
at
Queene Mary, and her prior mad love profess'd for Seymour, a man manie a yeare elder yet not greatly wiser then
th' willf uU princesse.
The
proove,
is
men
attempt to
most disproved by so unnecessary intemperance, wantonnesse, and over vehemence of affection, betrai'd towards a gentleman olde enough, if vertuoslie inclined, to guide a young princesse to piety, when in her co'fide'ce, for sundry thi'gs come with experience, rather the' give
and sin. He, by disownei'g the child, subjected the princely heart to ignominie, and compelled Elizabeth to murder this infant at the very first slight breath, least she bee openly sham'd in Court, inasmuch as King Edward was intollerant of otheres foibles, whilst partiall to his owne.
is
was needfuU
to
booke.
full decypherer is
most solemnlie enjoin'd to follow th' one he can worke out at once, because it hath manifold instructions for
Cyphar writing, which should doubtlesse be of work of a sorte much unlike anything
with as
his-
may work
out
th'
hidden
IN
/
A TREATISE OF MELANCHOLY.
91
may
duly
have in our idole times amused and likewise well assured ourselfe of our inve'tion, of which wee most frequently speake, by ourselfe w^orking from our published
worke, that which formerly bore other names,
th'
We
some-
Homer, his poemes, or great Yirgill's verse. By such maner of finding parts of the hidden stories, this contrivance
is
all
our future
discypherer's difiiculties, by
made
lesse, so that
he should not, in
backe.
th'
In many workes
such
as the
poemes
the
at present sup-
discypherer
our
Queene of that realme and Love of her had power to make the Duke of Guise forget the greatest honours that France might confer upon him and hath power as wel to make all such fleeting glory seeme to us like dreames or pictures, nor can wee
our heart.
;
name ought
reall that
At one time
now
sette
on
th' quaery.
FRANCIS, PRINCE
WALES.
EUPHUESMOEA^^DO.
ROBERT GREEJNE.
Happie
th'
1587.
life a
crowne
th' Christ,
must win later the much priz'd golden rigoll which is worne by mortall men who are blest. Shut our eyes we cannot. A hand upon th' heart would not crush out the life, as doth
92
BI-LITERAL
feare that
we may
fail to
we
see
clayme to
all princelie
honour.
And
th'
when
and vauntlinglie marked favours, give co'firmatio' strong as proofes o' Holie Writ of our wisedome, maketh us to inquire sadly of our owne hart
these shews
warm
affection.
The
we beare him is as fresh at this day, as it was in his when the relationship was for some time so carefully kept unknown as th' fact was, for yeares,
boyhoode,
station.
in twaine
were thus two-fold, our sorrowes all cut pride of his heart having beene aroused, our eies can but note th' change, for hee seldom doth keep the former waies in remembrance. Even in his manner now, we thinke, one thought hath a voyce: ^'Without a brother like ours that hath come before us by sixe short
joies
;
Our
but
th'
yeares,
we
more, bee
]^othing soe
open, so unmistakeable
manner.
noe more when minde can furnish few thoughtes, wrought thro' pain, from mem'ries of th' past houres o' joy, Whe' th' heart hath suffer'd to comforte and console it.
this spirit of kindnes is felt this shall be lost
When
th'
fill it
from, of neede,
IN
MORANDO.
of the nneasiiiesse
is,
93
The
and clayme
chiefe cause
nowe
however,
Marj,
a question of Elizabethe's
and therefore, likewise, our owne. With everyone whose aime putteth him very seldom to blush, in heart, we desire onelie that this supreme right This doth more depende shall bee also supreme power. then this secret royale espousall Henries, work of some upon wee mention oft. Hence a wish that is not perhaps unworthie in us, under such peculiar circumstances surrounding not only ourself e but our brother, to write another history.
F. B.
PERIMEDESPA:NTD0ST0.
ROBERT GREENE.
1588.
we doe so frequentlie utter, that the deciphup a grave taske that of writing againe a
drama
'Tis,
as true as truth.
Our
heart
is
;
and sorrowe
and wee
feel
home o'
across
the targe,
ing to
they
moor and glen. We write much in a feverous longlive among men of a future people. Here in the
is
but as
in comfort
by the
'tis
tell as
tho' it
be tolde as truth,
seldome accredite'.
quently waived
;
for
94
BI-LITERAL
come within th' compasse of faithful courtiers' intercourse. 'Twould show ill, if publisht so that all within reach might
know
ceal'd.
it,
life,
PR.
OF W.
SPANISH MASQUERADO.
Turn
befo'
EDITIONS
1589.
ROBERT GREENE.
to a
lately written to
make
Thinking
to be,
by a
waie of our devising, able to write the secret story so that it may in a time not f arre off acquaint many of our peoplewith our true name, we also do ask, (in
bee used to take th' Cyphre out.
al of
our work we
printed,
Works
o'
Homer,
cannot go to oblivion
those rich
and
if
gemmes,
it
owne moniment of
that
which
tlie
must
at least
be seene
PRINCE.
Turn
befo'
to a
you decipher that milde Tale o' Troy, that may, truth nam'd a cistur', because severall riven rockes verses of Homer of unmatch'd yet give sacred dewe therto
to say, well be
beautie
it
pleas'd
to-
IN SPANISH
write in Latine, Virgill
;
MASQUERADO.
;
95
with dismaie.
of leaving our
soe-
by marking
unmask
of our
The furtherance
we much
as
making
con-
little
When
first
our
mind
(Incomplete
joins with
FRANCIS BACON'S
BI-LITERAL CIPHER
PART
II.
CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED.
*A
Complaints.
Qontainwg fundne
fmall
By Ed.
Sp.
Churchyard at
tlie
fignc
of
S VirgiU Gnat,,
toother H/ibberJsTale^ 5 The RmnesofRome : by BelUy. 6 ty^uiopotmoSyOt The Tale of the^Htterflic. 7 Vifioni of the Worlds vanme.
'Bellayes vijions.
Tetrarchesvifions,
EDMU:^[D SPENSEE.
COMPLAINTS.
1590
AND
1591.
As
but
we
to
In truth our
life is
now put
from
her smal
Her
selfe-love
inates in her
much
bee
doth our
life
if it
lost
A
when
open
man
whom
and
it is
he
may
knowledge, or
life,
to you,
by means
ing, that
knowne and lesse suspected at present writwe now addresse an epistle. But if you bee as
lost, as
much
it
as love's
*late.
adoption, yet
(for the
shall
be
dif-
ferent.
roial,
Queene, our
sov'-
raigne,
who maried by
and
make
*surer thereby,
etc.
*Visions of Bellay.
*Epistle Dedicatory, *Tears of the Musea
Ruine
of Time.
th'
presence
o' a
suitable
number
of
bound
herself e
is
wee greatly
in effect
wilful parent
kingdome
it
be obtain'd.
But
'tis
can
desce't,
set
down.
To
Francis First doth th' crowne, th' honor of our land belong.
this right
Yet, not
Of such first Tudor; or, at our day, Henry of being of a martiall temper, we bee
by force
in battaile.
slightlie
naturally averse,
and
impatie't
of
fighting
to
If
you note
not great-
lie surprise
you
see
no worse
things, for
we
are
somewhat
other
men would
be.
all
feares;
and some by
struggles,
get an
advantage
of
*their
besetting
foes.
ruler, especially
like fame.
It is this
wee
seeke.
F. B.
*Virgirs Gnat.
*Pro.sopopoia.
*Ruines of Rome.
IP
COLIN CLOVTS
Ed. Skewer,
^''
LONDON
Viintcd iotFyillMW tonfirAie.
I S
5'-
TO THE RIGHT
\;vorthy and noble Knight
Sir
Walter Raleigh ^ CaptaineofherMaiefties Guard, Lord Wardeinofthe Stanncries, and Lieutenant of the Countie of
Cornwall.
CO
/ iJ, that you
nor altogithet
of
Imakeyou frefent of this fm^ pie paBorally 'vnworthie ofyour higher conceiptforthemeanejfe of thefile hut agreeing with the truth in circumstance and matter. The which 1 humbly hefeech you to accept in part
ofpaiment of the infinite debt in which 1 acknowledge my felfehounden vnto yoUy for your fngular ftuours andfundrie good turnes shewed to me at my late being
in Bnglandy
TheEpiftleDedicatorie*
hnppinejfe.
.
Fromny
houfe
I.
IN COLIN CLOUT.
COLIN CLOUT.
1595.
As
in th'
rest,
all eies
upon
strict or careful
at a time, e. g.
some
in this, a
few yeares
ago.
Wm.
Shakespeare's, as our
wee,
having
that
is
most
that a
an
^for
in truth she
is
our being.
sov'raigne,
We, by men
D.
th'
FR. B.
FAERIE QUEENE.
1596.
Indeed
this
were
all
but of lawrell
for our
pen
pure source.
Although
appeared,
to
conceale
in
these
Cyphe',
th'
works thus
we were
as doubtlesse
you
and
th'
remuneratio'
Her Ma.
should
offer, suit-
made
ried
in heat of
young bloud
soule,
aide.
alreadie familiar as a
as it
vow
car-
inasmuch
your
The hidden
if
letter taketh
man back
to a
might bee
said, in a
anie blacknesse
knowne
of
so
Fewe women
single,
married or
would play
as
madly
,
dari'g, so wildly
venturing a
game,
Queene
who
hath for
Leicester.
many
Earle of
all states, in
that shoe
would wed
as
But
it
would
at pres-
we hoped
to
winne youth-
IN FAERIE QUEBNE.
full love's first
blossome for
life's girlo'd
and helde
to
was upon
this grievous
remembrance,
way
our
true right,
our
kingdome more
from
true, lawful!,
plain statements
yet
made concerning our true hope of the succesHer Ma. though given to rashnesse, seldome
i'
th'
per of her
sire rather
spirit.
yong
heart.
One
but
it is
as
our aventure
seem'd,
we
mastered.
we now
and
tho'
it
be
King Edward
First
and King
th'
Edward Second
letters
name,
Cypher
Cypher we
give.
Th' keies
may
bee
You
which
We
cald,
of th'
ruler.
No
t'
the sister of
th'
King
Philip, th'
in
sov'raigne,
whereupon
councel
make answer
throne
is neither held nor can be transmitted thro' a woman. The warres which folow'd were long and cruell. At Crecie Prince Edward, named the Black Prince, could by
fro' battaile.
He
which he array'd
sturdy of build,
all to
remaine
Seeing
th'
men
dis-
obey'd their orders but the Prince bade his train'd warriours
stone's
When
but a
stride
was sure
o'
as th' shafts of
Death.
sheepe.
Warwicke, and
in th'
also
th' troopes
led,
ner.
slaie
by
his
owne hand
o'
the French.
him rushing
Edward's
"hath
sire
messenger went
t'
find
beseeching aide.
sire,
my
sonne fallen?"
"mr
woimded?"
"I^oe, unhurt.
Your Ma."
IN FAERIE QUEENE.
"A
prisoner?'-'
"Free, Yo'
Ma."
My
lion's
whelp
shall
win
This
it
is
mighty
vict'ry
victory
afterwards
Then was
th'
ple
from
farre-of
God.
By th'
theme.
those
whom
In
noe
coarsenesse of
comon food
who
have
o' th'
was necesary
to
lesse
t'
you
see th'
companies
Pedro
it
unth'
was,
in noe
waye daunted
However,
made him
many
life,
In such a mode of
th'
men and
dim-
and
as
foe,
nowe made
it
neces-
forces,
and alreadie he
began
to bee
him on
former
th'
King
It
readilie seene
London
seemed
money
to
On
comon Are we
for
hindes,
and
th' bonfires
there no
more f ewel ?
povertie strucken?"
spirit
yearn'd greatly
more
snares of pleasure, like his sire, that was for long in stro'g
Many
courtiers eagerly
England
vertuous Phillipa,
which surrou'ded
of "Th'
women
name
no
it is
He
I
had given
th'
Lady
of the
Sun"
and
style, being,
am
assured, every
IN FAERIE QUEENE.
wave
fitting;
for fewe
on earth have
so dazling beauty,
daughter of
Phoebus.
compleat, as
it
may
well be
but after awhile she drank the sweetnese from her full
glasse
and found
its
Wise
it
in th'
Book
of
Wisdom.
You
m^ seeke
But I
if it
be doubtf uU to yourself e.
do digresse.
shew
th'
fully.
however, omited,
my
wish
man
wear
him
to
battell,
kingdome, people,
aventuring retayne
to
last into
everiethi'g
his posses-
To mine owne
right
th'
is
selfe this
waye
by
repugna't, and
when
shall
I come at
my
as
right,
my
may
wisdome
may
is
be
said
by
th' writer of
possiblie
be conin
how
wise he
bee shewne
This
my
hope in labour,
oft as
disciplin'd.
all
my
minde, when
my
dis-
10
ciph'rei'j this
Cypher was
i'vented,
great watchfulnes
o'
whom my
mother,
Cecill,
set to
minde
This writing
not
known
to
come
fro'
my
still
may
freely open
my
my
misfortunes and
right shall
FRA'C. BACON.
SHAKESPEARE QUARTO.
RICHARD SECOND.
1598.
By
it
must be only
hath
bin
to
my
discipherer
as
were indue' d
take
my
his attention
is
by word
or signe
known
to the f aithfull
man who
as a
said.
thing apart.
lame
lines,
Queene,
Peele's,
rieth.
Honour;
guide
is
Marlowe's
fine
Reputation;
car-
My
Time,
Time maketh
as
desired, and
come forth
little prose,
all
doores
t'
Men
call
me Bacon
but I
am
IN DAVID
AND BETHSABE.
11
GEOEGE PEELE.
DAVID AND BETHSABE.
1599.
of
weapon
fall
head of
th'
adventurous
man
Her
Ma. should by
mad
daring,
dubbe me,
to th' courageous
men
Sonne of
Follie.
You, I know,
so oft over-
muse on
lookt
when
by
my many
You must
give
may
much
of a secret
may
wel be
lefte,
as all sep-
noe one
may
arate them.
The
must
story that
we
we
Fr
(pages missing)
.... but
all
first
It is quite well
12
SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS.
MIDSOMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. ROBERTS EDITION 1600.
That unfinish'd work may furder occupy your time and until one play have beene wel deciphered let noe othe' have
attention for the storie, oft in disjoined
Read
spy on
of a
man
my
me
make
life in
o'
Eraunce most
greatest sor-
Of
one
my
my
and
and
greefes, are
wel
set
my passion the'
i'
youthly
but
raged
man
o'
In
whom I have writ many things. my hart, too, love so soone ore-threw
o'
envie as wel as
Queene
I^avarre,
who
her imperiall
commandeme't.
earth was
favour,
to save
i'
her fond
we were
and shield
filled
13
made
a beautious color'd
ofte, like to a
webb
busy hand,
and made
a riche-hued
room
in
my
brest,
on everie
hand
shal her
work be
F.
BACON.
1600.
noe matter
if,
on discyph'ring one of
my
Cipher
playes, part of
shal lacke.
worke
judge-
ment,
th'
is
yet f arre
offe.
have a
faire haven,
untill a
!
day when
th'
coming
pow'r
kisse
may say
!"
On
to
thy destiny
You would
plays close
by
many
cases, of
more
seri'us
on grave
on inno-
As noe
eie is turn'd
may
long be safe
too safe to
work me good or
it
ill
in
my
lifetime I
now
will some-
reall
asurance at
in
my
it
nightly dre'mes
ene as
it is
in
many
daye-visiones least
my
selfish,
vaine, unnaturall
and selfe-wilFd
kingly
14
mer[e]
who
am
on
Francis,
saf'tie
at a time
love,
when
made
it
th' side o^
mv
Some kinds
shew of
in the
of
little
my
my
lost
name
Pru-
name used
as
my
list
when
my
life
my
my just,
word
as
by a right
Xo man
dull, sloAv
Virgin Queene E. by
wooed
like
is
some
both
off in his
and vigour of
life,
and mothe'
in such
way
as
women
mankinde
foorth,
of two noble
SIR
15
up by Devereux [and] he
sonne to two wel fam'd
my
none needeth
soe mentio',
my
through
SIR
JOHN OLD-CASTLE
ROBERTS
th'
ED.
1600.
See or read.
earliest devices
In
upon our
stage
'tis
suppos'd to
sell
dramas of
value, yet
rightlie
it trie
yet as too
perill,
indeede
of eke
babe
'^It is
deciph'rers,
th'
even may
th' rule
it.
evade inquiry
now
Law,
it is
a f aire code,
was
trite
and
is
John Premier,
upon
It
was with
as
fortho't.
it
Eare were a
[is]
sight, indeed,
when men,
lighter workes
16
poetes
neA^er
shal
spare,
who
serving
God
have
i'
o' love,
o' their
whom, owne
or th'
so
wel
evills acted
upon our
am
base,
if,
in sight
o' th'
God
both
Jew and
Chret'en
revere,
[ay]
who
not
th'
my
Dudley whilst
I have bene
when,
is
naturall, shee
upon
on
th' bricks
th'
paving
of a court
as
his
'tis
and
still
is
so died.
misterious,
and
name,
keeping of his
this universe.
closelie
done
ill,
a thou't f arre-
reaching as
This shal
all
tel a
am
justlie, or
by
th'
o'
of world-
grandeur.
This
is little
to be
bilities ofte
come
to
my
decyph'rer, I thinke
'tis
it
his part
t'
take the
'tis
hidden secret
with which
disguised, give
and neither
*Merchant of Venice.
SIR
17
forth.
If
and
unworthy
thi'gs
doth
know
understand or
own minde.
all
is
He will
th' view,
wooe
is
th'
togethe',
made wrack.
is
dis-
In such a sonne,
th' wisest
must speake
it
heere,
th'
mother should
lose
selfish vanitie
his
advancement.
With
in regall
Elizabeth
it is
not markt.
duties,
and governeing
our pere.
At
that time I
knew
my owne
shall c
18
jgj-^
none.
They
of no suitable furniture
[the] rivall of palmie
no way bettered by
or proud
G [r]eece
Rome when
pinacle of glorie.
Mine had
in truth, not
on
rea-
You
name
true
my
first
Cypher
letter
epistle of wishes
my
faithefull fr'end
must fulfil,
yeeres.
as the fruict of
many
as
much
enda'ger'd by
give us
slie,
it
possible
sev'rall
these
cleere
if,
equally
desired
seeking, as
my
discyph'rere, into
many
mine owne
incite this
good work.
'venturer.
For
Rare
to
is
much
19
crime.
ill.
Ay,
so are
Penne, or
by
rores,
hath
little
that horrifies.
den,
doth
much dread evill. Of truth the nearnes at present now oppres liartes noe-wise affected, but it doth requite
is
labour since
'tis
soe true.
th'
names
t'
pro-
duce
th' plaies
here mention'd.
shewne
th'
as such.
men that dar'd state an unpopular thing, Her Majesty surely put great weight upon
These made so great hate in our
fed a most unwomanly notion
men who
renowne
thoughts.
fathe',
as
Maiden Queene
as to
make us
more
f eare our
owne
Knowing
o'
my
by one other
sin,
which
tho'
others,
work'd to give
me
th' presidence
mine
in right,
it i'
made
have plac'd
Cyphre.
F.
B.
FRAx\TCIS BACO]^.
'tis
limn'd
iire
on gloom of
th'
To
sharper
added, and
my
As wee, wrong'd
must
raise (up) its
men
^th' first
wrecking
also
made
it
effort to
aspirations received a
dampening,
co'vinc'd both,
for advanceme't
we might
Lord, his
never attaine.
It
may
bee,
it
excusation,
my
dema'ds.
It
is
undeniable,
all as it
I must say, to
if
make
these
things as plain to
these sentences,
could bee
his originall
planne
much more
intended
my
liste to th'
2l
some such
fiery rebellion
on the Earle,
his part,
was perhaps
many
my
gayer brother
have related in
this
it
mark'd
sort, for
lacke of opporo'
may
the
But
rumour
his story
may be prelesse
valew'd matter
may co\ej.
this that is
The
capitalls of a part of
some
hath
of th' stage plays are often thus twice serving these secret
works.
"When
now
bei'g
discyph'red
us'd.
may
revive one's courage soe that hee do his longer taskes with
pleasure.
Whilst I write
but
all,
my owne
folly
my
must in the
sight of one
all
creatures apeare.
In the
up
before
me
much outvalewed
Eternity
itself e.
All
my
late brothe'
22
much
linger, or
it
may
be
said,
have see
much waight
in such thoughts, as
my owne
o' th'
evermore accueffects of
unhappy
ours
may say
shews of
th' affection
Time
to tell
whence
curse
am
desirous that
tli'
o' this
thinke
it
something of almost
heard
it
said
much
But
as in imperish-
amber the
Earle
o'
Leicester,
were
my comming.
a
Essex
who
was
also
sonne unto
brother bredbone,
to death
bloud, sinnewxs as
my owne
was sentenced
by that
at
mere and
my owne
;
counsel.
this truth
must
some
wel
countenance to
th'
arraignement, a subsequent
lost th' life that I
triall, as
as th' sentence, I
lesse.
must have
is
held so price-
Life to a schola'
LONDON PRODIGAL.
33
SHAKESPEAEE QUAETOS.
LONDON PRODIGAL.
1605.
Do
moment
to delve 'mid
Cyphers where
not far
off or
undisciph'red
a proof,
Kot
many
Cypher be seen
soe long upon.
in its
may
be fou'd,
all th'
known
languages,
It
is scat-
hand through
th'
which, in divers names are published, fro' th' numerous unsign'd yet mark'd or sealed manuscript, and, as time
suit, are to
may
be deciph'red, and,
after our
most
o' th'
so
When
hour!
one, decypheri'g so
many
24
mome't
it
to put
come
and
manie wonderful
truths.
entire
who
it
liking our
rejoice to
d'ficiente
eene by a word.
FR. BACON.
FEANCIS BACON.
OF THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.
1605.
Take, reade!
this
it is
me
to
Cyphar
as a
way
or
methode of transmission.
booke
may
artfullie
come, plact in
my
Cypher amongst
be
as
new
matter; for
may
do, shall
an
my
may
am most
assured that
my
long labor,
under
my
recompence of reward.
As one
minde
shall
more
readily
when he doth keepe his eyes on it, soe my discipherer make farre more advancement, keepnere turning aside with a
wandering eye.
It
is
that I
have mentioned
come
to view; th'
many
times,
th'
eye to see
th'
my
discyphere' works of
my
25
penne in
rather in
masque or
disguise.
26
My
all
beene disguis'd
(to wit,
many
in Greene's
name
as th' Queene's
kind published
for
me by
Jonson,
my
illie
suited
my
lighte'
verse,
in the
earlier
workes.
It surely
my
Cyphar
By
give not meerely simple plain rules for such matters, but
also
use, or
It is
fame that
all seeke,
and
if
surelie so great
renowne
therefore
you commence
On mee
shall
it
doe shall be
o'
much
lighter.
It
is
many
is
dales,
(ay,
best part
before you
'tis
a weariveriest
drie.
It
shal
be completed,
my
joy will
Soone
labour
it
in
men
shall
bee in everie
kept to
is
language
other ages
excited
as in
may be
we may
th'
often
by
want we note
IN
ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.
its
27
construc-
and
also
many changes
in usage
shews
it is
wise to
use for a
Still,
lasting.
and
of
stile,
theme, and
th'
innermost
Spenser
Edmunde
th'
antique or
lightly woven, as
and unquestionablie
quently
with
English of our
own
daie,
but
fre-
furder from
my
its
fruits
more
rare,
me
my
proper self e.
Indeed not
th'
gemmes
different
townes in
whereof make
commingling of counreason,
in the cause of all
is
make
yet in
its
boy-
hood, so to speake.
is
noble, onlie as
it
cometh from a
selfish
thought
28
of
my
kingdome
as
Queen
th' Earle,
my
th'
father, at th'
afterre-
wards at
house of Lord
this
ceremony was
that
number
should
of witnesses.
I, therfore,
sit
being the
first
borne sonne of
this
union
my
right, as
hath
beene
power.
said,
whilst suffering
A foxe,
back
appearance of a
Cecill
must
my
the
hunchto
answer at
Divine Araignment
my
Th'
fol-
me
ruthlessly.
Queene,
my
attenntion
day brought her respite from such suggestio's about hope that I might bee England's king.
my
He
tising
told her
my
endeavours were
all
it
should seeme,
by that
a conservation of
IN
ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.
29
He
passe, at
an early age, of
th'
th' intellectual
powers I displaied,
wonne me manie
steale
implying that
my
would
thus,
no doubt, uproot
awaie
like
Absalom,
throne whilst
my
The
in
terrors
he conjur'd up could by no
art
and many
trialls
in youth, but
my
earlie
manhoode.
horror each dreem'd of
th'
th'
each morning
would
at th'
time known
onelie
by
th'
it
Essex: yet
booke of
For a short
as
by taking forth two-hundred of his choycest give a show of greatnesse and aide him in th'
was hatching.
lesse
spirits
secret
than [a]
mad
designe
take possession of th
'
no remarke;
30
they were to
without confusion,
th'
halberdes of the
one
to
whilst
th'
maki'g bold
to
desire
Her Ma.
men
to triall, should
promptly name
in
Then
and the
was Parliament
citty itselfe to
be
call'd to
make
concessions,
Southampton, the
but
it
failed in execution as
we know.
The unwonted
had
th'
stir
watchful; also the assembling from every county of England of noteworthie men, nobilitie and militarie being
chief ely observed
another
escapt
not her
eie,
aware
o'
danger and
to the
whereupon the guards at Court were made th' numbe' doubled. Keport therof,
Earle of Essex, greatly excited his feares
coming
From
th' first,
my
lord of Essex,
Tower,
rely-
to
o'
and afterward,
th' cittie,
attempted to
winne
th'
IN
ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.
81
am
by imag-
Her
his
Majestie's graces
would under-
mine a hope
built
on
th' faith
and
men
that were
among
'Twas
th'
his plan
restrained
As he was not
to send
councill, but
was necessary
when
was done
my
and
he was
set
Cobham,
himselfe.
But unfortunatelie
th'
this tale
Earle,
and
at
Jesuits
much
few came
at his call
when he went
out, for
forth bidding
Her Majesty
waite
"Arm and
32
But with him were now not lessa than fifteen company well chosen,
score of
contain-
Lord
Chief
Justice,
themselves
party met
Her Majestie's Comptroller, and who had come to meet Earle Robert,
Th' tour of
th' citty
my
lord's
Her
then
my
lord return'd
owne
th'
defended
house on
all
sides,
but
it
First hee begg'd for th' safe co'duct of th' Countesse, then
surrendered.
SIR
F.
SHAKESPEAKE QIJAKTO.
KING LEAR.
1608.
Xo
one in whose
spirit is
no lo^e of pow'r,
spirit.
will
know
tli'
i'
my
wilde
Tli'
death of recent
comparative way, of
my
mother Queen
me upon
th' royal
chayre of England,
am by
th' rights of
rig't.
Honor
denied
tliat
and
fulfil-
ment
oft
of the wishes of
"Noe fame
beene refus'd
the
King
it
of Scotland,
to put
where
it
arme.
Beating in
memorie of
this,
by farre more
sad, cruell,
met
by rash Kobert.
It
th'
palliate
by
madly
lov'd,
it
might have
well-
was her
known
sea]
and token.
This did
faile,
however, to act as
34
eyes.
row
of hart
and
to
to
same would
mome't's
promised ayde.
it
A bitter griefe
dearer, as
you know,
younger
child,
then one as
heire.
in-
structted to disc^^plier
it
with such
duty
ev'n
as e'grosseth
you now.
bee ended.
Keepe
at the great
Cipher
B.
when
th' plavs
SIR FRA.
first
beginning
co'pletio'.
of poets,
could hardly so
lopt if noe
much
penne save
my
unskilled quill
youthful!
prepar'd
all
i'teriour materiall.
This
new
ing course, in
How to
disguise,
but
instructio's
was a
me
that with
manie
IN KING
excellent plannes
HENRY THE
FIFTH.
lesser
36
experiments
contrivance
an
inge'ious waie
by which
lines
and frag-
ments of
forme.
When
it
aniething
new
that
which they
PERICLES.
1609.
This
is
In
it
may
for
creatures
give,
human
;
as for any.
th'
As indeede
this horror
is
wee
our
'tis
paining as
uselesse
third
It
may win
;
greater blame
which
it
may
ill,
be
is
true
to
a glasse
up
fountayn
36
also
the Christ, with a fantasy, and sev'rall that have lesse importe but are
stil
Cypher
when
these shall be
brought forth
cease with
t'
have
be never scene
as is visible to th'
is
Howere, great
knowne
to
and
it
shall
t*
be united to ours
th' light so that
one
may
sec.
Heede
HAMLET.
1611.
wave
so
galantlie, so
thorow minde,
spirit,
and
heart,
as in our earliest
To man,
ted, yet
lesse in
no
workes
one
now
This
in the
whom
IN
HAMLET.
it
37
his
own worke
Some
much
having bin
all
we could
things in a follow-
ing editio'
may
some day, not verie long after our history hath bin decyph'red, to collect these all into one tome.
It shall bee noted in truth that
their
it is
easily explained.
Th' theame
to
convey the
secret message.
written
by the
whom
In
many times to suit th' new man. wee now emploie, is a wittie veyne
In truth
it
different
suiteth
to our friend
these Cyphers do
much
genius f eeleth the rein that doth governe th' movements and
th' course.
With feelings,
ferent,
reveries,
and contemplation,
th'
it is
quite dif-
production of
FRANCIS BACON
(RIGHTFUL)
R.
TITUS ANDRONICUS.
1611.
Few thought
our decypherer
and
it
was
to
know
of our
so-call'd author's
But knowing
one strong
from
sight,
most playes wee had sent out before our new one, had the
stile
or
name
of an actor
it
foorth
but
on our
stage.
of thing'
found
at the
and rivaling
will bee
giv'n soone, as
we
wish
way most
ple'santlie
made
cleere to all
upon the
earth.
may
most of
Very few know, to-day, th' injustice done us by the late Queene of our most powerfull realme Elizabeth of England for she was our owne royale mere, the lawf uU wedded
it
will be
found)
sire,
to
crowne and
throne ought to Avield her scepter, but were barr'd the succession.
We should,
IN TITUS ANDRONICUS.
39
!Nere
as
|ound
to aii'orde opportunity to
clayme
to
now soe greeted with great acwinne such name and honours as Wil Shaketo earth's finale
th'
speare, o' th' Glob' so well did win, acting our dramas.
morn
away
it,
its
know
F.
bee yeelded
EDMUND
SPENSEE.
SHEPHEARDS CALENDER.
1611.
works,
Two parts of my booke, which I set may be placed behind everie othe'
and
th' Faerie
before
as
my
lasf
you arrange
I speake of Pros-
thus, as here
you
as
finde them.
work'd
history
first,
my
brother's
my
continued in the
little
work
The Wisdome
of the
is re-
maketh
a compleat abridge-
ment of the
As hath
bin
destroyed by the
many importante papers having beene Earle, many features of their plot were
tell tales.''
prove
th' guilt
both of
my
of Southampton.
at
him not
my lord
of
as
hee directed.
How
like
and
IN
SHEPHEARDS CALENDER.
sitteth aloft
41
can
justlie
knowe.
but how-
me
awaje, or drive
it
back
Avernus,
its
home, O,
who can
that all
o' secrets?
None.
my power can doe nought for his memorie. my advice, but he heeded his owne
Whilst succeeding barely in
as
unreathis at-
much
th'
true
moove mee
occupy
from
my
utmost
witt,
my own
gration of
had
th' will to
was truely
little lesse
harmful unto
to me.
my
lord RobEliza'tis
ert of
Queene
beth,
my mother,
knowne commonly that persuasions swayed her often, even when object seem'd as armed agaynst it. Yet this disposition was not paramount when I made my plea in behalf of him, whom loving trust haplie kept in checke when a w^ord of dubitancie would pricke as with a spurre. Thus
the breach between
my
and nothing
uncertaine
may
close
it,
for a
tombe doth
simply
as
th'
to us in after time.
Ended now
to wield th'
to
is
my
great desire to
sit
in British throne.
offer:
sway the
Heavenly
ever to keepe
my
soule thus
humbled
42
O
Thee.
Source
Time
in existence was,
save in
Thy
My
through
enfolde
infuse
didst conceale
Thy
Thou
didst
th' evening's
my
thoughts
my
beloved
and
my
wrongfull part in
th' great
O, had I then
ojie
thought of
life's
change
would
cause,
how
this
and
as a
hound
me.
of th' hunt to
my
idle thoughts.
As it is now, the true meaning of The heavens declare God's glory, but
nowhere of His
undertake
struc'ion.
this,
events
is
loste to
will
In order to
in-
This abridgement
notes given,
is
now
ended.
By
work out
be
lost
my
his.
my
path lay by
a liking, early, of
my
writings
upon
it
indeed
th'
so as in
man,
his sight,
satiating everyone.
IN FAERIE QUEENE.
43
FAERIE QUEENE.
1613.
Some
did not
I,
want-wit,
may
it
love's fibres,
taske; so truly,
less
for to
me
grew
to
be more indirect,
honor-
able, so to
Queene
put forward
's
my
as
a
Secretary to
weake
fear, her
dread of execratio',
make
o'
my every
name
of th'
loyalty,
and
concerning Robert.
For
my
a
of
"my
"my
and
Robt.",
tearmes,
on
many
page
names
that
be meerly plaine
It
approbv'd
my
first
bookes
th'
his lordshipp's
th'
world
may
see that
the
lesser.
So
much
did some
earlie
worke on
this noblest
among we
it,
and because of
our work.
were
at
some
los^e to continue
To
44
gracious thanks
iovf^Si
To
Sir
Clyomen and
For
as
this
earlie
othe' parts
neede be taken,
th'
we
made an attempt about that time to put space, in order to make your task of
history easy, feari'g
as
it
work
into lesse
my
me
then
to
my
times,
three, or at
most two
that
by which
all
th'
drama
noe
it.
staine
had touched
treason fell on
He
was
not, therfore,
so
Earl of Essex,
made
so bolde
[as] to
wooe
th'
iSTone
knewe
so trulie
as Elizabeth, our
proude unbending,
and, whilst at
was
warm'd
How
far he ventured
upon
IN FAERIE QUEENE.
45
our Cipher-historie
may
scales
be
oped that guarde the secrets hid long in silente halles: for
'tis said,
trulie,
visit Courts.
be in Cyphe',
many
pens
It
bee fewe
who
will attempt
it,
and
it
shal not be
tel
by
their
we
is
dead men
no
tales.
my
dale.
spirit, his
owne
spirit in
To
to
had given
th''
gift of royaltie,
and
th'
beestow on
whom her
mought
choose.
Little
won-
had
loste
won
just
My
him
howsoever unmeete,
my Qu
or unjust.
desire
t'
after: his
from that
alter 'd
appearance of
doth suppose.
th' skies,
ISTot
my
ill-
46
good
still
my owne
bosome, I do
hold to
til'
faith that
my
and
my
my line o' life be severed. How many times this bright dreeme hath found lodgement in my braine how manie more hath it beene shunn'd
head be crowned ere
!
as
It
were impos-
sible,
am
marriage and to
my
a
and the
is it
wrong
Strive as I may,
my
advancement of learning.
sodaine wind or tide,
its
waves
very vault
o'
bubbling
Think not
as ours,
who doe
not
stand, as I stood,
England
as
if
wisely govern'd,
dream
or beautious
loftie toppe.
self e,
when
fit
one, feeling
in heart
giftes that
him
for his
Princely destiny
withholden soveraignty
looke for pow'r, not for th' sake of exercising that gift, but
that he
into
may
from
th'
depth of misery
which they constantlie sink, to th' firm rocke of such mode of life as would change cries to songs of praise.
IN FAERIE QUEENE.
47
You
will, ere
either in
my word
method
none
comprehende
a form
or
it
a space, inasmuch
but in
my thought.
till
However I say
remaineth
now
to
work
out from these various Cyphers that I here use, and, friend,
to cease labour
now would
work
to write, that a
com-
made
And you
have told
my
owne
th'
my
verie soule
is
opened that
lot,
it
and reade of
my
hard
having
between
life, libertie
my
dear Robert.
I felt
how
ill-advis'd
a sacrifice o'
life
and
its
effect.
is
probable to
ture,
my
station,
me
in torth'
Seeing
knew
I had
but to continue
my
plea,
from
a cell, or
Thus was
my way
hedged about,
48
stanzo
is
storie thus
'tis
begun.
It
must be
writte'
most
complete,
and
interio' writings,
while pleasing
when
discjpher'd, are
somewhat wearying.
As work
ruinam,
trulie,
it
meant by
Him
that impos'd
et
man
to
be ad correctionem
non ad
meete punishment,
bless'd,
and everie
make the very curse man most envyde who can say as doth
shall in turne
:
monument where
enumerated.
out what
is
your woorke
so that
it is
for
th' glory of
God
to
with a
is
supreme wisdome,
man
to
foUowe.
Nor do we
any
He who
it
is
not against us
^it
is
noe
then
is
you continue
sufiicient I
this
worke
to the
end you
shall
have
reward
vaunce
my
invention, and
historic that
have
th'
A
man
Queene's
edict, if
manly
spirit
was unequal'd.
FR. BACON.
BE]\^
JONSOK
POLIO.
1616
ENTERTAYNMENT.
Keepe many
are
keies
now employed
if
in
my Homer,
ceed faster
you have many well memorized when you Allthough th' parts are small, and a
it
hath
that
th'
of th' chase
even
by
by you,
as it doth surely
ope
you a path
as
wondrous
th' fields of
may
attayn unto
it,
It
winde through
^in
view long
and aske
may be
that of
some
th'
man whom
It
my
death.
But
my
hope
is,
unfolde
my secret historic,
th'
my
mothe',
my
th'
owne
com-
interesse,
but of ev'n
valew
is
naturall.
Ev'n the
at so
remote a day.
BACON.
50
KINGS CORONATION.
This work
is
also Bacon's,
found repeated too often, yet as the partes should not bee
lost, this
should appear
in convenient order.
this
Bee not
th'
meanes unto
my end,
much
th' patience,
and long
very
little
might bee
left unfinish't
my summons
morning.
come unexpectedly
It
at midnight, at noon, or at
eie single to
Here
is
no
in
and
diction,
but an
effort
interesse.
You
and
all
Panegyre,
order.
A PANEGYRE.
There
keyes.
is
more Yirgil
is
Homer. Marke
BACON.
MASQUES.
In Essay Of Masques and Tryumphs you may much esteemed device mention'd. In my plays
longer heed.
see this
matters
Each play
is
which cipher
least, serve a
Thus
workes
we
work
in a
manner very
like
IN MASQUES.
that
51
we followed
of parts.
but you
number
Cypher writing.
pose,
as
ISTe'erthelesse
which was
to
it is
my
and
to preserve
my
works.
owne day
rathe^
then
th'
my open workes
under
be
th'
it
them fuUie
this is
When
th'
done and
keyes to put
together have
th'
Cypher, and
most of your
difficultie shal
bee
overcome.
Do
where
have been written, for you can find the true records no
else.
From
portio's o'
my
may
skill,
Those who
shall turn
back meerely
upon work
not
fit
for th'
kingdome of knowledge.
i.
e.,
th'
were
52
you
this,
but
least it escape
your
it
in this place
and in other
work.
work
is
as a
first
may
bee
last
all
these directions,
make
easier th'
on you, and
Of
this I
have not
my
and
con-
serveth
my purpose well,
th'
work yet
open
And
rules.
although
waye may
you heede
my
at
You
tasks
will finde as
or
if
honour cometh
me by my
wise use
o'
to
ayde to bring
my
work forth
It
men's
sight.
Your hand
may roll
set this
the stone
Cipher
free.
not dead
an act deservfaile.
Trust
mee
it shall
not
but in
IN MASQUES.
53
As hath
Homer
(Iliads
and a great
of the
to
me when
this invention, of
am now
emploied.
Finding that
toric
this
my
his-
by a key that I
into parts
all
and using
the workes
same manner in
(so calPd)
that I published in
others.
theirs,
my owne
name, or that of
sold
Marlowe have
upon
me
two,
am
certaine
among men.
My
since I
owne should be
sonne to
like that of
my
mother
Tidder,
as her eldest
th' Queene who came of that line, and bom, should now sit in her throne in place of him whom she made her heire, according to Cecill's report; but as I am known among English speaking peoples by the name you (untill now) thought to be rightfully
mine,
i.
e.,
th'
name
of
my
foster parents
^yet
Bacon,
it
is
more renowned
it
The voyce
of
Fame
when
me in comming years,
my labour,
inhabit.
are not
my
doth, since
from
Even
as
54
King
Darius,
his
commanded
that
it
Homer,
furnisht
two bookes
more
precious.
This storie
me
a pretext
so
When th'
with Part
Masques
th'
in
my
friend
o'
been
My
plaies are
not yet
finisht,
However,
bi-literall
work requiring
is
so
much
time,
it
will
much
come
to doe after a
boake
doth seeme to bee ready for the presse, and I could not
well saye
will
when
out.
be under
W.
Shakespeare's name.
As some which
title
page
it
name though
all
are
my owne
to stand
in merite.
When
step
is
man
that
in
my
owne bee
it
scene, as a thrid
o'
warpe
my
al,
may
be
all
mine.
if it
to
my
decyph'rer as
should bee
bv noe means
tinall.
F.
BACON.
IN SE JANUS.
55
SEJANUS.
Question, or some other form or
mamier
of inquiry,
may worke
first
my
th'
o' th^
My
later
work
the play of
t'
Sejanus.
I,
None know
unexampled
whose right
half so w^ell as
th'
underplay carried
secure
my
withdrawall from an
my
future as on
my
was
th'
My
owne
ill
spirit
Here alone
Take
will
is
my
to-bee decipherer
it
out.
my keies my hidden
and unlocke
my
inner chamber.
There
heavy
vaile,
should
now ope
life, as
th' treasure-
my
well as
my
brother,
his
:
death.
It
is
upon
its
sides
uncounted treasure,
riches
earthlie acquisition.
The
whole
be the reward of
my
56
As
after
newe designe
shall give
much
pleas-
ure, while it so
Seeking
is
any learning
hid-
den, a delight,
none
is
forever springing
up
in
meadowe
My
come
next work
much
of
it
shall
bee
found in
out.
We
our
his
play, but
it
As
this
still
remained inside
is
its
treasure-
shadowy
mists,
wrought
much more
FRANCIS BACON.
NOTE The preceding five divisions were written by Bacon. Jonson was the author of the remaining works in the 1616 folio, but Bacon's Bi-literal Cipher Story was infolded in the Italic
printing, as explained in
what
follows.
IN
COMMENDATORY POEMS.
57
COMMENDATORY POEMS.
Reade some
plaies
by our Ben's
active
hand.
Whe'
more of our
plaies,
stories,
fill'd all
of our chiefs
one
man
much
less write
them
also.
this
may
much
th'
untill
much
of that translated
is
poeme wee
play of an
as
nam'd
that
it
as
readers,)
insoemuch
See that
oft
numerous words,
and
worthy
instructions.
Our
progresse
wondrous
one
o' th*
the
nurserie tales
It
is
wee heard
in our childhood
beene
related.
ENGLAND.
Puny little mindes, th' type most familiar to us, take much delight in talke. Th' surer methode to secure attentive ears
is
to
secret form,
that
wakeneth
th'
58
my
that
bee
not alone that I wish fame amongst I desire that the time to come
to winne.
It
is
to
you I
trust.
Y'r Serva't
FR. BACON.
THE FOX.
(BEN JONSON'S CIPHER LETTER.)
Few eyes,
my
not.
my
mater or
nor
My v/rongs,
besides,
to a land in mid-sea
for
redresse;
a just sentence
scholars, is
my
great desire.
But
my
friend,
so secret a
way
him
in a
is
To speake more
clearly,
I write to ayde
fame
in heart
my friend with whom I, having, in truth, his as much as my honour and dignitie, often
way by which hee
works do not
all
name
his
to
Bacon,
IN
THE
FOX.
59
hid.
th' King's,
Panegyre.
to pointe the
way to the
into
them more
th'
When
you
have
Avill
you looke
not
let his
cursorilie over
our part of
volume,
Fame
Naany
ture, Arte,
Cypher worke.
'
*^
BEN JONSON.
This plaie Avas borowed.
after matters
my
othe' fieldes
and
throughout
my
my
ready
named by my
friend,
Ben
may
write out
my sad
secret,
life
and give
a compleat history of
and raigne of
that of
o'
my mother,
the so-
my
Leicester;
tions of
secret storie.
wish
t'
ter, told as
finde
it
elsewhere.
60
disgufd,
it
more perseverance;
mine
for I grant
my
(v) life
from a
as
working
to
This containes
of one part
o'
that history
Robert Dudley,
my
father, not
letters.
His
by those with
whom
his lot
was
caste, for
as shall
quent
acts,
may
be found in
premises
unknowne
to th'
remembred
yet,
being at length
dome, next to
my
poor
Aye, a treacherous
Amy's
IN
THE FOX.
To
61
it.
from the
necessity.
royall union,
many
shiftes
For
my
father,
and
stile
Hee
was
first
made Master
him
controule
of th' stables,
Her
conferr'd
Mary Queene
of Scots, and at
all
*ad-
recklesslie.
vantage of
we must marvell to see him later claime adHer Majestie's bold moode to take another partfitly
ner to his bosome, rightly divining that she would not shewe
cause
considered or con-
inactio'
Heaven brought
this act end.
his
him.
So doth
Silent
Woman.
62
My
Upon my
take the favorite's place, she bent on Essex th' fonder love of
much
Indeed,
o' pleasure, so
it,
that th'
least it enter at
their eies; for 'twas dangerous for anie onlookers if the eye-
men, to-day are too nigh for good sight, but my faith
to write
it
as I believ'd
it,
may
say,
As
upo'
my
much
lesse
secret liking,
hon-
and
gen'rous
so
much
his fortune
had much
were
upon
his footing
th'
secure, fell
from
danger as
astronomer
who was
the water ?
But
doth
his historic
is
my deciph'rer neede furder ayde then hath beene thus provided, to inable him to write, by meanes of my other great Cypher. Take courage, I pray thee, and continue my prolong'd writings that my Cypher relating most important
thinges shall come
t'
But
to
go on.
The
Alchemist.
IN
THE FOX.
63
Her
sider.
tradition.
dispersed
partly
through
through
th'
th'
tempest
o'
th'
flood,
needed
still
Many
th'
o' th'
olde
faith, as it
o' th'
was then
stil'd,
countrie;
under
to
blowe to
th'
hope of restoring
th'
Church
o'
Kome
supremacy that
execution
o'
Mary
but
good
subjects,
th'
shewed, had
effect.
and wish
to outcraft th'
enemies
or in
woman,
common
Events duelie
th'
glory
o'
that
was a mirrour to
my
mother in divers
This history
is
came
work.
which, in varyi'g
that
are contrary to
my owne
well
known
stile
of expression,
much
have bin devis'd which, being similar, often held this inne'
history
therein
unsuspected.
This wo'drously
co'ceal'd
Catiline.
64
story, therefore,
and
new
actors to take
same parts
soe,
caus-
to counsels
shall soone be
made manifest
that this
all
must yielde
to its
governement.
all
die;
he findeth noe
his
part
his
alone.
In wise Salomon
words:
have,
it
^'There's nothing
new
may
Many
^fewe so
successfullie.
Goe
my
worke, but as
my
my
Humour. PaBse The first shall to Cynthia's Revells and th' Poetaster. bee last, as you have scene ere now when studying th' Holy
by him Every
out of His
Scripture.
Man
Your keyes
cesse,
are
Ayme
death,
train,
Eobsart,
Prin-
Mayden
Virgin
art,
Queene,
'
hatred,
remorse,
falling,
artfull,
treachery,
Mary, Scot-
Master
sellor,
o'
Her
Ayrshire, London,
Flanders,
commander, Dover,
"Epigrams.
IN
L.
THE FOX.
65
lantry, courage, glosse, fate, deathless, marriage, fury, poyson, sacke, intent,
*Make
to
th'
my play
may
to griefe, shall
by
in
it.
Yet
are
we
my
it
how hee
shall bring
hath
my
friend, his
if
worthy penne.
it
already
I have
little
your work,
my
How
soon
my
story
my owne
known
life shall
know
not.
Manie
well
to
you
th'
Yet hath
my
plann
many worthy
pleat in
my
fields.
But no
work but by
a patient reiteration,
much
carefullie hoarded
Man Out
of His
Humor.
66
leasure, that
fewe would
pursue
cause, as
you know.
yet I have also emploied
And
hath
my
now become
so
at this present,
having
now, then in
is
service.
My
owne study
not
my
lesse estimated,
but
and
their benefit.
The
little,
lacke of
my
just
if
my
minde be constantly
make man's
"Minde
is
my friend
my
constant hope
as
is
to atchieve as
much
and win
much
me by
right of
my
greater birth,
pow'r or desert,
then
as th' w^orld
is
maketh
its
accompt of
surely
supposed mine.
You
must
know
am by
no
Crowne.
am
per-
suaded one
who
manie
a revelation.
As unto myselfe,
I have layd
my every my pride
would
Polity, doubtlesse,
this,
some of
but
it
suiteth
mee
might reade.
In order to conceale
my
IN
tipe,
THE FOX.
67
ensample, a prologue,
prse-
much
mine
notice.
much
trouble to
letters.
These bee not designed for other use then hath but now
beene explain'd, nor must you looke to see them employed
if
Koe
othe'
waie of diverting
exteriour epistle
is
th'
turne aside
my
who
you on
to pursue a
may
th'
my
many
my
dues of honor
in the course
my
I
decypherer.
Can he
say this
is
at it?
thinke not, nor can hee say that I have any other objecte
in view, or other motive then to give a corrected history
of
my times,
albeit
my owne is more
changed by
my recital
features
from
th'
admired
Yet I make
that
it
inquirie of you,
who hath
o'
good and
Onlie
one who
th'
gifted with
hand
so
"Cynthia's Revels.
68
close at
se clearly
This I
know
my
more searching
lookes, sliew'd
mee
tha' undercur-
partly
Tudor strength of
that
selfe-love,
all
moved on
as
resistlesslie
bearing
before th'
unsuspected
force.
This
it
me from
soe farre
my
crowne, and as
wisedome
naming
my
brother successor;
but
his attempt to snatch this prize did thwart alike her hope,
and
All joys died with Essex in both our bosomes; for her,
all
owne end
most to
from daie
spirit of justice
it
manifested
itself e
very plainly in
Mary's sonne
know
th'
mee, the
then
all
reall
heyre to
else.
things
It
was
Ben Jonson
me.
saith, she
made
it
to
But
in
Cypher
writi'g,
you know
*The Poetaster.
IN
THE FOX.
69
My
grande Cyphre
tli'
work
is
heavie.
Much
a
doth
still
remayne
to build
new
edifice
but
and most
ceaslese perseverance
manie yeares,
'tis
but I dread
finall exit,
least too
many
Kuler knoweth.
Noe hand
epistles,
my
dessein,
and con-
when
assorted,
Very
little,
My
feares
growe
in
minde when
my
out
my
secret.
Shee
is
nor hope
is left
me
of ought
life conceal'd.
Judge doth
pronounce
to
ought.
is
my owne,
that
to
honor.
Kone,
if
No man may
from
th'
you of
and
we
leave,
gem
mines
as
70
now
titles
strangers, as
might be
said,
th' author's
name
e.
in disguise, if
bee seen at
all, will,
as soone as
may
propitious, be publisht
by Shakespeare,
in his name,
To
these
wee
are steadilie
making
year.
additions, writing
from two
With
th'
state
duty
latelie
devolved on us this
is
knowne
to our
dreamt
i.
of),
and when
being
set
all is
e.
as it is
up
must pass
th'
no scrutiny but
mine.
must be undertaken,
which
is
tions
hardlie
we
And
many
is
though
a time,
may
be frequently, aye
as truly
th' usual
dramas
As one
must throw
our
all
getfullnes, this
Cypher
is
safetie, so shutti'g
SIR
F. B.
IN
THE FOX.
this tale
its
71
*At our
father's
must be
made very
place.
full, so that
true design.
vast,
must yield
Yet
it
it
books.
grave task.
in hand.
play
now
not,
my
this,
manie of
my
epistles.
if writ-
mines
it
can
its
lyeth hidden.
Where manie
th'
future
must make
just
want.
th'
word which
"A man
in his
owne countrey,"
for us
who
as they
Wee
*Every
man
in his
humor.
SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS.
RICHARD THE SECOND.
1615.
Winne
o'
by greeting them
and
men found
good.
in
shelte' of
prises.
The same
charme
is
is
noted in respect of
all
th'
a face that
we
love.
We lose
is
altered)
features.
Sometimes
is
th' secret
sodainely
necesary,
if
truth
is
to
be seen
and understood.
"VVel
one stra'gly
pai'ting not
what we
hand or
divine
long worshipt
as
of N^avarre. So ghall
IN
73
broken accompte
come
to bee
knowne.
F. B.
A truth
OR
T.
much wrongeth
us.
epistle
and by following
may
told.
The
to
common
opinion
at present currant,
have wedded.
Ere
she,
coming
an imperiall Tudor,
in every
word
might
leash, there
were many
rumors
as it will
tongue to tongue.
By
as
nought
that could not bee said to ende at the same place at which
it
may have
started
^there
lives in
thoughts or
when some
strong drinke
this offender
lowly
eyther.
Sundrie were
th' safe
waye
to
74
her
Among
th'
com'ons
it
is
th'
a very
control
may be thought binding oath made on th' Sacred Word could so trulie garruUous tongues, and that of the common
unhinge stronger ones, and
We
must
many such
was
us'd,
member for
his word.
BACON.
Like
ill
when
causeles, to
do injury.
In
this
man's owne
will.
When
ill
yet likely or I
o'
that degree of
upon my first serious differences and subsequent open rupture with our mother, I tooke counwith one, who, tho' not an oracle, possest wisedom that
lacke, that
is,
sel!
most
Hee bad me
call
downe
We may
word, but
it
Qu.
E.,
who
more honour
as a
who
IN
75
my rash
interference to turne
on
whom
it fell,
yclipt
me
every dred
bitterly.
mee
doth work
me
harme.
it shall
be
much
it
may
who
read
it,
but some of
it
hath bene
set
downe.
such plaine and hideous feature, th' sight shall turne pure
eyes from
it,
A
shall
it
wear unsullied
robes.
strange
since
he who thus
demanded
Tower.
It
is
right
well
knowne
at
that England's
This it is which now maketh me assured it had bene much to advantage me, if my claime had th' sturdy yeomen, their support. The commons, in such a cause, can, I have
understood
76
many
is
get
-little
else.
Yet
times yield
of this
some
number,
ayde in a
my
long
may come
to the
power.
Watching
put forth
th'
my
secret letters.
may
if this
what content
my
who
may
fully learn
how
great
is th'
wrong
to
Her Majesty
evill
this,
mind
a
which that
demon came.
The
sail
prooved
in th' waters
all
when
sodaine wracke of
my cherish'd
root of th'
dreames might
worser
evills
fill
my
the
woman.
word
o'
it
approvall, be
my
deservi'g whatsoever
and whensoeever
might.
IN PERICLES.
77
wore on or increased.
so profound
At
last
her.
tunate for
of,
mee then
for a
whim may
mania
trulie
is difficile
to controll, else
my
that height
to
FRANCIS OP
E.
PERICLES.
1619.
When
this
and various
plaies
am the
authour that
is
historie,,
may
if
my
For
All
men who
this reason
none
say,
one puting
it
to bee cognisant of
stories
th'
existence.
For
must have
any man,
gold in any
way
acquaint
of wealth as
For space
many
my
yet
much
of
my
time as th'
calls
of
waie,
my
78
comming
to
me
in th' silente
life at
night
vigils.
see his
whole
word turn'd
As
by
carry'd thro' a
meade
change
in his breast.
bolt th' truth
as
by a thunde'must deliver
and sensible
is
souls
when
wound
wa'tonlie inflicted.
In
doe
my plaies,
and
my f eeli'gs as they
way.
Observe,
roll
my
my
many
a f eare I shal
YORKSHIRE TRAGEDY.
ED.
1619.
if
our greatest
be found.
must
th'
tho' so tiresome
'tis
sometimes
But
so great
is th'*
importance that
may
attach to seem-
bosom
friends.
In no part be
faithles
and
rash.
FR. BACON.
IN
ROMEO AND
JULIET.
without
plaudite
we have
life
you'
poets
commonest
al
thorny.
Their
partlie
its
rose of pleasure
had but
o'
early delight,
and evrie
immortalls know.
Yet
'tis
a kinde fate
love,
my
Mar-
scarce
would bee
life.
named our
it
up
But
the joy of life ebb'd from our hearts with our parting, and
flood-tide.
O we
is
long.
tell
tale,
by the two.
it
So rare (and
most briefe)
th'
hard-won happinesse,
all
afforded us great
that as mist in
th'
summer
con-
It
hath place in
dramas
and in
was
faintlie guess'd.
man
woman
(sweet
all
and
as
thorny
it
might chance)
it
sweet'neth
80
would fayne
seeke.
That
it
soe
who would
ere question.
J^ot
he,
our
o'
knowne
"E^o
to all decyph'ring
any
sometimes
it
said,
love,"
and yet
would be wel
to observe
many
til
will
bee
conn'd.
our yeares
were eight
lustres.
come.
why
i'
th' part a
is
man
evident,
^th'
wanto' Paris
by
much
previouslie lost.
BACON.
ROBEKT GREECE.
A QUIP FOR AN UPSTART COURTIER.
1620.
This work
may
not be
knowne
now
giv'n
bring.
'Tis
known
tory in
to you,
among more worthy productions alreadie and is made valuable to my compleated his-
my
this
my
labours
must by
Cypher.
time clearlie
pri'cipall
FRA'. B.
FEA^^CIS BACON.
NOVUM ORGANUM.
1620.
I,
who accompte
late playes
under
In noe respect
were
is it
make knowne
stronger
to
then
live
such, since
man
my
life
had foure
also.
eager spyes on
It
may
soe needful,
lie
even
to publish
^that
my
wit,
not
at all lessened,
meanes unknown
out
warie, to send
much hidden
name,
I, at
also,
unknowne
diverse
world.
When
stiles,
reward in gold
Feare
is
lest
noe reader
may
make
82
change of such
no strong Cypher
is to be read as wee reade a booke. Having with some care prepared twoo setts both large
letters,
monly cald
Italique, I
How-
now purpose
their
employment
in
my
future labour
in lieu o' th' plain' type, beleeving that the eie will be
more
not
Upon more
am
assured
it will,
intended
when
it
was
ere the present time bee well knowne, was but to aide in
decyphering
my
great
Word-Cypher
so
called
because
causeth
it
prove to be
secret hath
lesse
wearyi'g
my
decipherer whe'
all
my
beene brought
work hath
life, as
beene, or
is,
my owne
well
Cypher.
in our
owne and
tombe where
to
and I
shall
is
know
that
wait unhonour'd, as
which the Ruler, that doth wisely shape our ends, rough hewe them how we will, doth ev'n now knowe, my justi-
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
83
In
of
I
th'
my
life
from yeere
to yeere,
wherein you
may
find that
was of
whose clayme
to th' scepter
my
roial
land's sceptre
and
who thought
all
no knowne object
bee
comming
to fulfillment.
Many were
her
suitors,
with
whom
sympathy
those straines
my
father
altar,
and
thereafter.
A
Xew
f eare
seemed
suit th'
when subjects were admitted into th' presence chamber, and by th' most consta't opposition to warre, as was well knowne to her counwayes
shewi'g a kinglie spirit
cill.
by
in
mind and
made but
partial
th'
mooving
and urg'd
84
amongst heroes,
and
of
his
bolde
known
Fift,
Henry
Prince, of
brave
Sevent, as well as
memorie of
th' people.
Many
pens kepte
these fresh
in their mindes.
doubtlesse,
found
it
^my
sight
out
o' th'
of th' people.
Yet in course of time the Earle of Leicester, our hee came nearer to
subtile
obtain-
my
my
wishes and
and more
I
fiery spirit I
want not
roiall parts,
not be
set aside,
modesty
or good fame.
my
was
at a
time
much
later
subsequent
aBout,
our fathe^
Though
constantly
hemmed
threatened,
kept
my owne
th'
minde and
^What
in
is
truth?''
my
mayden-queene,
Elizabeth,
it
shall
appeare
misplact
IN
NOVUM 6rGANUM.
as
85
you here
shall finde
it,
into a
As may bee
beth,
knowne unto you, th' questio' of Elizaher legitimacie, made her a Protestant, for the Pope
well
th' union, tho' it
we may
see that
despite
the question, to
make
a faint
shew of
if
mater
as
we
king
left
no doubt
fact, as
in men's
th'
minds concerning
former marriage, in
first to
Mary,
his
daughter of that
In
th' storie of
my
sweet ladie
who saw
to her coronation,
you
shall read of a
me
from a firme
and
trust in
a tende' sacrifice,
It
is
and an incense
to
come
in
for* a just
my
plays,
hidden in Cy'hre
many
other workes.
A
ayde
decypherer
when
it is
to
be work'd out
as I wish.
This doth
to our
hidden
storie.
This opeth at
first
th'
palace,
for the
then in
spoiled,
and
the charme
of
youthlie
manners.
It
is
86
Acti'g upon
titles
upon
his
on score of unmeetnes.
shall
But
tho'
be
told.
Tho'
it
be ofttimes a task,
th' lesse,
if
selfe-imposed, not
by any meanes
completion. For
voyce of approvall or
I intend
its
many
from
but
we
see
man
lesse, if possible,
fully.
returne.
Despite this
mark
wed
a maide, suited
the
King sued
for favour:
am
am
too good to
to
more eager
to
have
his waye.
my lady,
his
although so frankly
owne
spirit,
doe
th'
Pope
securing
civill
decree, privately
somewhat
cleare; but
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
87
when
th'
earlie
make
soft
is
And when
by
Henry chose
to con-
just
Church of England,
by Queene Anne
in th'
one
case,
and made
his heires
Untill that
had succeeded
to th' roiall
power
nobilitie.
But Henry
th'
The
lovelinesse of
so potent to
Anne
winne
weake heart
o' th'
much
to
for-
cruell jealousie
heightened by usage
But
if
truth be said,
fancy had taken him to pay lovi'g court unto the faire
Jane
young,
Seymour,
beautifull,
and
quite
but
also
manner, and
ing,
made
Queene
so pleast'
Lady
them
be freelie offered.
And
pris'd
the Queene, unfortunately for her secret hope, surin a tender scene.
88
ing her so
little
constantly desired,
this selfish
mon-
cruellie harsh
port,
throwing so
that her heart dyed Avithin her not long after soe sadde
Under
Queene Anne
to as
to be
guilty of unfaithfullnesse,
Lon-
one can
her
charge the
summoning
Queene
pitch.
His
act
doth
blacken
Ev^n her
whom
much
astonishment
him
forth
from
whose
fell,
moment
tha;fc
at
which
th' cruell
axe
and
tell
signall
which
floated
wide
to
Th' hast with which hee then went forward with his
marriage, proclaym'd the reall rigor or frigidity of his
hart.
It is
by
all
men accompted
this lady,
strange, this
subtile
to
upon
when
far
nowhere
to
to bee produced.
In
justice to a
memorie dear
upon
It
it is
from
cleare yet,
must of
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
th' lawe, that
89
chang'd
of hers be
made
wrongful!.
Having
a reproache,
and time
If
my
plaie
as
shew
this
most
clearly, I shall
be co'tente.
And
for
my
roiall grandsire,
lost
by such
a course,
is
re-gain'd
by
his descendants
from the
Anne
Bulle', his
murther'd Queene.
we who now
live in
promoting, beheld
well
eifecte
o'
on
dignity or power,
if
the
upon her
out
all th'
And
am
fullie
carry-
of her world-wide
tinu'd that
commenc'd.
am aware many
waned
in the raignes of
Edward
must have
my
mother had no
many
other
by which
th'
coffers
were drayn'd
90
impugned.
Many
However
wish
shall
t'
th'
it
give
monument
of
my
*
th'
As hath most
you.
To
it
you I entruste
plete, it is probable,
is
my
conviction that
my
drama
It is a
comedy having
should be
actors divers
whom
from
Ill
sight,
my name
found.
would
finish'd,
and
my work fare if fate remov'd me ere they were ill my very life itselfe would have fared, if
to
my
the
plays,
be
work
my
hand, to Queene
who
as
hath beene
a
mayden-
By
th^
were
th'
early fruits,
by no meanes basely
wee
did
we
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
91
Keeper of the
and
name
or anie of
albeit 'twas
made by my mother
acci-
^her
wrath over
one of
quite
my
boylike impulses
when thus
as,
But
f arre
all
as
wel might
advance that of
her.
So this
to the princes
many
times
made
evidente to us,
moved my
o'
sodainlie
ended.
injustice
stung a proud
at
boundes of a patience-
of the Courte.
We
crowne
and
I can undertake
such a feeling
had
th'
same
interesse in a degree
title.
much
greater,
and in
entituled
somewhat
am
myselfe represented
by him,
93
for light to go
on in
my my
quest.
Much
ing,
of this
is
in
my
th'
that
mention
as
among my
comedies.
it
Herein
is
a short historic of
much
Gor-
as seen in all I
first is
have done.
is
hambury: time early morne; day shewing faintlie in th' sky and low lights burning, partlie revealing a scroll, a
penne,
an ink-stande,
many
bookes
My foster-father
my
standing by
me
thus spake:
"Tell me,
"
thy
fatheres
precepts
After
The next
putting
my
numerous devices
into
immediate examination,
making many
finished.
my
Th' next in
verse, earnest
my owne
in con-
my
mother persewing
a similar theame.
The
earliest
fourth scene
of
is
in a publique hall,
is
my
dramas
on
this
poore stage.
still
my
longes, as hath
by
th'
from doubt
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
93
To
raigne of
my
my
devices so
skill-
all
many
them
and
topher Marley,
much
masque
th' play.
Seeing
th'
good favour
such
doth win,
my
put
forth
many dramas
of the
act doth
give
the
th'
resulte,
many
by
when
In these scenes
is
much
wit ingaged,
many
Place,
where
th'
is
London.
Those
part
act.
o'
jests of
four
In scene two,
by
experi-
many
youthly production*
which was
Faustus
entitul'd
is
Friar
Bacon
and-so-forth.
To
this
entitled George-a-Greene
comicke
see's)
beene
Fift,
said,
Henrie
Th'
statelier
with
Taming
o' th'
Shrew.
You
and a
spirit of
gentlemen of that early time, for various reasons, moving mirth informs each scene. * * * *
Now
94
and
tions
it
may
forth
I will however,
th' necessary rule and th' cheefe plannes, soe that clear
notions
may
many,
ing but
th'
common
The
stones
yet
all so
arranged,
probable.
into
which
marke the
which are
bee joyned
his planne,
ple, the
so in this
my
tem-
to
limne
as
bold a designe,
which
th'
bring to perfection.
rules,
example
to
ayde
my
ca'
decypherer
may
write this as
be accomplished.
they were separated by
to place,
th^
In preparing
portions,
them againe
and
as hath
on their way;
Begin
at once,
th' taske
I have assigned
you
untill the
In order
number
poemes
to th^
may
be
made
somVhat
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
many
such I finde
it
95
possible to
Furthermore
(e) th'
work,
may
One
shewing out
Christ.
clearlie
human
whole.
its
that th' very spirit of a time farre past doth informe the
However, writing
it
in a secret
manner had
for
to
make
Being easy
the
to insert, not
more
If for
my owne
now
in
your use
lefte
minde
that
time
to time, writte'
secret, neythe'
important; but
The
Pastorall
is
of worth,
worke put on
this
is (is)
The
story
is
to
work on
who might
seeme
like to
fro' th'
Wise men,
reading.
too,
may
You need
this,
not soe
much ayde
is
to
as it is related
the
Holy
Scripture.
96
Noe
may now
keies.
bee deciphered.
*
I put
These are
my
theme
a Divine
Lord
like to
my
work
is
youthfull, in
sav'd
from
th' puerilitie
by the hight
and poetry.
It
is
in
its
expresse
uplifted
it,
and
sea
when
come
by winde soundeth
stayed, so
my poeme
maketh
home to men's bosoins, albeit moved by a passing breath. The life of the man who was the living God, doth shew
what
all life
might
needes.
It is given to every
man who
will inquire of a
as it
hath beene
spirit,
ITone, I think,
would
make
nature, yet
the
issues of
in time which
is
now, and
is
to be.
I,
myselfe,
am
nere bringing in
my
ripe'd grain,
is
concealed in
this to
bring
it
him from
my
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
Some few think
abilitie to
it
97
some taske
ful for ere
is
ere concluded.
disgrace-
certaine.
judgment, when
first
wondering much
out,
found
then on the
it.
But
as floodes
as
bee of light
manner the thinges which have sufiiwaight when borne on downe the great River o' Time
be found preserved
dista't,
shall soone
fro' waters,
although ofte
very farre
At
my
triumph must
thrill
my
and ofte
difficile.
in a
past, so
that I shal, perchance, recover [somewhat] with th' generations that are to come.
my
work
lesse
lesse sadde.
A
is
play,
which I
person
am
of
at present writing
engaged upon,
is
entitled,
because
is
who
the most
repre-
important
sented,
large portion of
the aforesaid
Seventh.
to
King Henry
part of
one,
have
difficile
This hath
made
my
inasmuch
as the
98
selfe while
In example,
I have
made
light; if
The
he
doth
see
the
my
workes, he
th'
mine
Earle
o'
Huntley,
by
th'
King Henry
pretended
Sevent
Duke
o'
Yorke.
faire in
forme and
name
Her
also,
made many
It winneth,
much
God doth
grant
it
me
varied labours,
shall
am
seeking not
my owne
ment,
th' dignitie
mankinde.
o'
The discipherer may finde it strange I write th' history Henry the Seventh both as a play, for purposes of my
it
may
The reason will then approve (i) itself e, for a play should make a linke in this chaine and the history mention'd was requir'd by the King. Secret matters do not make up these interiour epistles,
in
many
th'
cases.
from
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
and
th'
(^
methode
of
my
or
this
xilso
in various names,
variety of styles,
is
mine owne.
masque a perfecte
might possibly
it,
Manie
asmuch
vizard, in-
at
some time
have scene
my
features beneath
yet
it
it
endangered
as
't
my
secret
which
th'
hath ever a
strong safeguard.
scattered into
many
my
is
truly no eye
Qu.
employ'd in
my
worke.
Even
in
the
lesser
all
these stories
aside.
King Henry the Seventh you shall finde some porKing Henry Eight is also requir'd, with Richard. Of most historicall plays note one mark'd pointe or feature. Some likenesse or paralell
tions to co'plete that plaie, but
is
to
th' events of
one raigne
folt'
from time
my
Cypher.
The
would not be
sufiicient to
can be accomplish'd, as
may
100
ters ever
torie
th'
nor ev'n
Danger
personall his-
as that in
Cypher
epistles
oil*.
might
shewe
a head.
title,
is
not soe
may
be
.
^
Sevent to add a
I leave posteritie to
am
may
see this
work comas
is
pleted in
eare
my
owne mortall
th' prophesy,
life,
making
But
for th'
th' daie.
In
my
heart th'
made
a sweete song in
sung.
All
tie to
th'
made havocke
honour that
within
my
th'
me
if
beene cut
by
th'
whim
of
my
roiall
mother
then, or in
of succeeding to
directly to
By
lawe
th'
borne sonne.
How
suf-
IN
fer'd a change,
is
NOVUM ORGANUM.
clear e
101
made
it
MucH
,
t6\GV}f;^'ey;(/,',^^e:t
all
who
dis-
reade.
shall
if it
cypher'd.
Some might
hope that
it
't,
so hopefully
my
last
desire,
they
man,
life.
arise
to rejoyce
this
againe in newnesse of
In order
make
most
since
wee
meanes
and
running
titles,
prologues et csetera.
compleate in
the
itselfe, rathe'
decypherer.
in
i'
my
th'
employ
whe' republisht.
as
first
written without a
my
penne hath
plaies
little
am
speaking
of
those
Wm.
Shakespeare's.
If these
I must needs
make
manner
However, I
differ from th' type I heere emploie, not wishing, at present, to give a device that
ipa
would
school-
o'
solve
some
boy's problems.
indeed at
all.
When
waye,
first
unburdened
my
o' o'
heart
o' th'
story in this
secret bee
I had co'stantlie
much
feare lest
my
s'ented forth
by some hound
th'
Queene Elizabeth;
my
life
might paye
before.
forfeit
But
that danger
to bee feared,
mare in dread of
any feare of
effecte
th' presentation of
my
claime,
knowing
as
he
ments destroyed.
!N"aturallie it
minde
as to
my
would be
like to bring
onely to Elizabeth's
to his
issue.
It
pause
For
the
secret
men who
will hold
sacredly, even
Future dales
world
my
worke and I
shall
then be contente.
In
hand.
my
mil
se
now
in
As you know
well, this
slip
it is
printing,
^o
time doth
day hath
but
its tasks.
as
hath soe
many
Cypher
epistles
beene
NOVUM ORGANUM.
our
IN
noted
103
essentiall
labours,
hand
will
work
untill
The
if
such
my
word
is th'
much time
spent on
work [s]o
shall
difficult this
should
be a number very
to rewrite
th'
much
his
smaller.
my
hidden matters,
same way, or
work
shall
mine in quantity.
When
Of
mostlie,
i.
all
number
thirteen.
th' histories I
e.,
a life of
th' title,
my
brother
o'
who
Devereux,
Earle
Essex,
I,
having scene
it
emploi'd
Cypher
playes, since
i'
th' interiour
making
my
labours farre
For
others, I
as
hath beene
said, of verse,
many
somewhat of
other.
th'
is
requir'd of
As
Earle
R
th^
Essex,
from confusion by
104
joining-wordes.
They
is
and
historicall.
One, however,
still
my
memory,
as if
no long
night-vigils,
daies of labour,
If
it
mee more
distinctly
then
it,
my
heart with
Grod,
Father
Thy
owne
close
throne on high.
Shed
cleere radiance
from Thine
can
Lift
to
^o weary work
my
Heavenly Guest.
Thou me up
shine
If
in gentle love
as of olde.
upon
it
me
be decipher' d alreadie,
it is
my
discy-
make
my
very
life
my my
now
chose an hun-
In
this shall
my owne
history, for
my
off
the day
may
Though sorrowe is my constant companion now, joy shall come on that m'rning. Having
bee
understood.
these hopes, then, though
many
my
In
th'
Cypher
t'
th' actes
th'
must be
at the great
Day
of Judg-
ment.
When
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
tume
to
105
some
The hidden
scarcely
th'
historie is
somewhat
head out
like th'
tortoise,
that
putt(t)eth his
but he endangereth
whole body,
and
my
worke
from
owne,
th' shifts of
many
as
my
soe
much mixt
it is
given, that
a taske putting
them
together, as
you
per-
The work
then
will not
be complete
untill
my
death.
It
may
fall short of
many
things I have
said, in
a solide,
my
it
forward that
shall
may
lacke as
little
Th'
labour
be
lighter then
bin.
much worth, he cannot meetly many times [been] me'tion'd, willth' reasons
marre
this
knowne,
much many
repetition
employ' d, at
first,
in order to aford
it
what he perhaps
conceal'd herein,
may
let
discover.
If he shall publish
it
what
it
is
him winnowe
Manie might
well; if
he doeth
displease
from a
slight
that anie
history,
who
will patiently
minding well
my
instructions, shal
make much
106
which
sufficiently
rewards
his
efforts.
Atchieveme't
is
itselfe a
This of which I
decyin
no
way
Any man
his
who hath
bloud, for
mind
of invention, hath
way
ills
of getting the
humoures from
it allaieth
paine,
when
clear;
distrust,
discontentment
and
of,
secret woes,
in-
wardly,
So
this
Cypher
be us'd to give
it
my
illes
expression, albeit
know not
by
man
is
much,
as of experi-
ences
uncommon, and
If
my
me more
was proper, I
trust
somewhat
these
to
knowledge of
teach
man
man must
life,
observe
all sortes
but the
ruler.
heart hath
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
is
107
However, himself e
when
it is
made
first
and
hee a poore
least action.
His soule
akin to things
earth he stand-
eth fast on his center, for things that have afiinity with
th'
heavens,
move on
If hee
would
may
tell
we com-
man knoweth
its
others
by
t'
force, that
doth render
th' heart
hard
t'
sound, or
and the
not
least,
in
life, as it
can-
make
Long
e't,
yeeres ago,
in th'
th' pres-
that
wee
with
all
name by which we
might
safelie
it
are
upo'
of
title
pages,
great valew
be entrusted to
make made
constante employment of
a necessitie.
'tis
Although
life,
so difficult as to
seeme imit
we
so firmly fix'd
now
in the resolve,
to yeeld it up.
Salomon
th'
Every
108
hart knoweth
not with
its joy.
owne bitter, and a strange' intermeddleth As our story shall be fully decypher'd
Queene Elizabeth, her
whylst confined in
union with
;
th'
Earle
o' lieicester
London's Tower
As
a portion of this
history, th' other sad tale giving th' storie of the unwell-
come
late
and Kobt,
may
soone reveale
pub-*<
what
make
meanes securing
Our light hath burned lowe, the beames of morning now burst upo' our longing gaze and put to flight the
black night's dragons of brooding gloom.
th'
For ourseKe
secret
Had we no
is
we
not as might
own
it,
inasmuch
as this is
more
trulie
Th' want
o'
had recorded,
destiny
from
th'
world
all
nearly.
'None write
that doth
shew in our
epistle;
fewe
that
would bee
Holy
Writ; but of
all
who
still
"How
IN
It
NOVUM ORGANUM.
passi'g, that
9,
109
must be
said,
seiz'd,
however, in
number
of
papers were
destroyed, so that
ter,
we
it
and
establish
beyonde
parents be
known
to
wedded.
Furthermore, being
lost
much time
England's prosperity,
right to sever
Love hath
was
th'
at heart,
and
with our true love of our kingdome on the one hand, there
th' ability to rule wisely
and
to edify
and build up
th'
also as
owne mind
A king shall
Th' state
is
goale,
is
won,
this
our
th'
our mounting
spirit
under world;
heroes
souls
of ancie't
tasted
its
blacke
filth.
doth so manifest
itselfe it
needeth
110
Essays and
Workes
it
is
we
thinke
designe.
However
must be our
self e-advancement,
th' royall
to
be unpardonable in
prince
whom
stirre
degre.
Th'
th'
worst motif
Palliation of that
And
also w^hen
we
thinke, be any
justly,
ill
or well suited as
may
which
may
In
beginning our
Word Cypher
is
such as will be
deciphered with most ease, after the designe shall bee fully
seene,
early.
It
was in use
all
th'
inventions
ones
one
this
and
smaller
all
of a single worke.
This
is
otherwise in our
Word
Cypher,
inasmuch
as the
from time
lished
All workes
we pubhath
story, as
beene
feature
much
to be
safety.
storie
be found.
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
Ill
make an end untill th' links o' th' twisted now into one booke, now into another,
historic
hath ended
these
this story, or
worke out
This
of anything, because no
all
bee compleated.
many
Ben
Jonson's,
which we
shall
add Burton's.
As when
these woodie
safe as
rocks.
plaine,
and
it is
chiefly in
ayding
its
others that
It
is
having
th'
of
much
many
th'
bookes
wee published
It will
in divers names.
t'
make known
as
one
moving
sta'd better
than others,
my
(soon pointing to a
that th'
much
when knowne
newe
favorite
112
who
as
earth.
Also, led
many
were
as puppet's gyrations or
Most persons in
my
lord's liking,
but
least
honoured,
who
will perhaps
come under men's censure when the truth is made knowne; whilst most of our Irish troopes found
th' intentions their leader
had cloaked in
his
owne high
by
spirit or
bold
will.
He found
which conadventured
men
to th' great
a representation
Men
mine
of their hope
was
now
high or lowe,
it is
if
now foimd
Robert, have
many most
saith:
Holy Scripture
doe mete
it
ye yourself
shall
be meted to you."
plays co'taine all our historie so truelie
Longing
ac-
whom wee
solace in our
life,
writ-
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
name
of that brother,
113
we should
speake the
since
'tis
well for us to
make
th'
as other sensations.
We
there
mention
is
nowe
least
nothing as importante, or at
much
ill.
talked of, as this event that was mildly pass'd over at.
first,
Aee entreat
play of
may
disappeare.
men
will not
our conducte.
When
all is
there
judgement.
But
self e
of
some
little
my-
then others,
th'
decypherer
may
wishes.
In our
earliest play,
slightlie
who
When
still
remaine
our owne worke hath beene compleated there will many things for a discipherer to doe if hee
When
work
must
still
Our
hope, however,
strong,
and
known
of
all
men.
its cereme'ts and rise to make the Then must our name bee knowne
may be
114
Holy Scripture
is
saith,
within us,
off all
He
leaveth behind
a hold
upon
th'
him some kind of labour and that taketh future making ev'n th' life on this earth as
itselfe.
This
is
may
hay and
There
heart,
st'aw,
is
and disappeare.
i'
th' noblest
humane
which drive
but nature.
on in
th'
and
'tis
As when
growe upwar',
His fruit
its
may
not ripen
may
prove
quality unsavorie
it is,
when
and
it
it
th' bins,
When
this,
you
will not at
publisht to co'ceale
You
more
th' greater
you followe
also
th' directions
it,
wee have
beene
It
it is
emploied in
having
tra'slations.
our bin or
th'
th' sower,
of th'
Anatomy
of Melancholy
and
by Burton.
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
of those Shakespeare plays
115
With
&-oone
this are
many
wee
will
As wee have
said
many when
times, our
our discyfirst
make
th'
may
bee
set free.
It shall well
come
to
gladen and
fill
his
thoughts.
The matter
which
is
not at
all
it is
truth, in
men
rejoyce.
In our
plaies, just
more of
man By
not
fol-
friend's advice
we have not
would,
lost that
maske
not,
noe longer
liveth, since
twoo others,
1
who would
we doubt
work
G^ti^Zt/i
disguise our
as well.
if
manie new plays should bee added which doth now seeme
inasmuch
as it suiteth us farre better
it
then prose
ure
still,
it
in gold,
Our
tragedie.
th' stage,
forth in
"Wm. Shakespeare's name, we doe nothing doubt, have won a lasting fame, comedy, th' historick drama and tragedy, are alike in favour. For this reason wee have
116
come
mindes mo'
easily,
and
more
onely somewhat
too crude, vile
yet
much
and
unfit.
As
wee
and
see
many
'Tis th'
changing
shifting
movement
tion,
and plays of
which have
it is
our
study.
Candidly speaking,
be no
sacrifice
the ayme.
Wrongs
and
We
stood close at
them
in this
and
interest
t'
inasmuch
as there
[it]
noe true
historic
th' great
work of
this age.
Its
fame
shall
name
too,
of Fr.
Bacon
shall
disci-
when
this invention
Hee
it is,
our fellowe,
With propheticke
and
light.
our
looking into
.
th'
Cypher
histories life
Glad must
th'
day be
our
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
harme should
117
befall us.
It
is
'tis
shineth
Let him not grow weary nor leave following our queast
if
It needeth not
it
should
come forth
rules
It
in the
forme soe
hand
divers
pointe out each step his feete must tread, for the
so that
he shall not
falt'r.
may
bee well
th'
now
as
we approach
summaries of
Cypher,
of the plays
Of
all these, in
one
to
work
aide
or another, keies
the
discypherer.
latter
guides,
the
Th'
exteriour
masque.
Comming
as
latelie
into
newe honours
may
be supposed, written
much
lesse
then formerly.
lesse, is
completed, and
made ready
of these plaies here foUowe The Life of ElizThe Life of Essex: The Life and Death of Edward Third; The White Rosse of Brittaine; Th' Life of King Henrie the Sevent; The Earle of Essex (my late brother);
Th'
titles
abeth;
sire);
The Life
of Marlowe;
118
Scots;
Men
Trap.
of the
number
poemes.
short
Spanish Armada,
th' story of
my owne
life.
The
love,
last
nam'd
co'taineth
owne dear
and the
o'
this
Marguerite of
memory
which yet
Wee
of
the
two
of
Cyphers
so
much
speaking to the readers of our workes, wee must quite naturally have a preference, and
wee owne
Wordin-
Cypher seemeth
vented.
wee have
We
us'd in a
Bi-literall;
Wordd;
The
first,
surely, needeth
noe explanation
[it]
if
demandeth
fuller instructions, if
be
still
unseene;
make
it
stande forth
It doth re-
tearm'd
th'
of farre
greater scope,
rules
shall heere
More
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
119
any of the
worke.
the paren-
making the
de-
Next
place
it
and
will,
There
with a
which are
tinctnes
its
fiecessitie of
As
shall
work a
and
th' part of
is
made
keene-ey'd eagle,
if
nothing.
another
marked degree,
as
all
Queene-mother concern'd,
her, fairer
120
we should tearme
Marguerite
In order
of
in
comon termes
as
as th'
wee tearme
th' spirit
th'
emotions or
and
soule.
These
my
waye.
easily, it
would truely be
arguments
ter of
difficile, as it
onely a mat-
wanting in the
man who
cleare,
shewit
may
pleat
bee required.
it
The
men
quick minde
.
may
Of
my
employment
Tables
of words in
common
all
should .contayne
how
great an advantage
it
must bee
to
bee able to
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
common
121
masque
all
tearmes, so
man
of
common
The
tion.
requir'd
much
my
disposi-
my
try
and an unflagginge
zeale.
o' th'
but a few
me
which
for
it
stirred within
when
first
was told of
my
and care of
stantly, untill
Sir
to
France in
th'
company
It
waighed on
me
con-
I devis'd a
my
minde
continually
made
of
new
contrivances, in order to
write the true story fully, that wrongs of this age bee
right in another.
made
As my work hath
late,
beene, from
my
it
earlie
youth untill of
one of unflagging
say manie
intereste, I
^I
may
times
mildlie
in
exciting.
now
employment on accompt
almost im-
th'
shifts
weariesome, as
my
labour
may
be hidden
122
its
nature and
use,
be soe conceal'd
may
lift
my
numerous
which
have grown in
secretlie,
many
and
that,
it
but
dayes
and
extendonlie of
eth,
^have a grave in
my
little.
too precious,
its
come to
away from
is
th'
It
Avail to
guard them
it
is built^
but
this
how
successfull
shal be, I
it,
know
when the
from
all
That
it
it
shall
not
shall
be then
that
shall
be kept
my
owne
some future
my
care,
my
studie.
With manie
of
had I not in
of
th'
Cypher, giv'n
things to aide
many
is
little
liim, this
my
birth
lost,,
it is
frequently giv'n.
th'
Th' directions to
it
cannot
if
but a
would bee
sufiicient, doubtlesse, to
reveale
th' rules as
write, that
no
At
o'
the
first,
asto-
hidden secret
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
much
123
No
doubt
my
Avanderings
give out
is
if
my
designe.
And
it
my
historie
it
for
many
seemeth
at last necessarie,
in th' revelation,
thie
and but
owne
little
to
my
wor-
methods of
if
one wish
readers.
little
Therefore there
is
soone to bee a
work which
shall
many
secret
from
my
times to carry
it
it
on
at length,
lost;
yet
such
at
is
^we
men
of
last
rewarde these
Though
ance that
it
shal not
this assuiv
it
cannot
fail to
come
It
maketh
to wait,
weary labour
lesse tiresome.
Govemour
mounteth
it
surth'
If some call
it
vanitie, I
must make
all
things
is
and the
spirit
thereby
vext.
What
care?
remaineth to
man
Ought?
Shall he leave
the
new
life a
memory
onely, or, it
124
BI-LITBRAL CYPHER
be,
OB^
FRANCIS BACON.
loose his hold
is
may
even
lesse?
Must hee
all?
upon
all
earthlie
eternal?
Must
and leave
Ay; and
wel
as
If hee
may have
knowledge, when
th' last
long night of
him the
died
not
and
we knowe
preme,
'tis
that
soe ordain'd.
serve well
when we
to leave
many and
hand can
successe,
With many
my
my
fixt deter-
this labour, at
some
times
as-
But
many
my
super-humane
lesse tiresome to
him
if
my
story
my
secret, it
it
would work
my
all
these companions
who have
my
my
advantage, I
do rarelie
IN
permit
NOVUM ORGANUM.
this
^^^N^ork,
125
me
to doe
much with
th'
which
will ac-
am
about
occu-
much
my
father, which doth include most of my Cypher plaie, The White Rose of Brittaine. Many earlier plaies are to bee somewhat alter'd in order to have some portiones of my
historic
put into
whicl).
th'
Cypher.
key-word
Cyphar of
for
I
it,
by
th'
use of
way
at pres-
our worke
triall
make such
of
my
work
as
must
it
occasionally
be done, you
can
doubtlesse
th' ex-
understand
periment.
make
With
my
hour of
If th' decyphercr
to
is
must convey
him
a secret message.
If
it
shall not
be
found in every
part. I could
have
little
assurance of any of
my
epistles
coming Cypher
forth, since
scatter'd fragments.
is
this, for
while
it
anie other,
course
is
continuous.
all
If
my owne
storie
126
made
out,
it
may
then
no
noe
then mat-
ters of
minde.
And
lie
if since
making the
is
here
many an
exhortatio' fervent-
doubled.
that
it
number bee
th'
so increast
all
cheef e of
my
in-
ventions
Therefore
wish to
have
shall
it
given
this
worke
have come
it is
to
Whilst
Cypher of which I
bee found,
speak,
much must
decypher
how
to
it till
may
I am
my
giv-
instructions,
time
much
so
will
not permit
the
spirit.
much
as a habit
time,
it is
more
other
^but for
this
work hath
soe con-
be found in
pleasure in
some
later
work, for
it
hath given
me
no
little
much
of
decypherer of the
And
no decypherer will
it
make
complaint e, for
afiordeth to
him
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
man
137
Therefore, whilst I
last
am
still
that
sort,
my
contrivance
is
is
not^solv'd,
save kindlinesse,
in
my
soule toward
my
decy-
pherer.
my newe
invention, himself e,
to his credit.
before
it
bee explained,
it
shall
redound
Much
de-
as hath
all discoveries
worthy of note
soe
may
furnish
him
much
seeme
short.
In
my
History of
Henry Seventh
this shall
But
as I
th'
may
my
my
that
name
of one
who hath
departed,
manie
much of my thought in leasure houree is upon the questio' how it may bee done. For the purposes of the Cypher it
is
manner
that
common words
discipherer will
must not
The
which
can
thus
be
now
so alter the
a thing
soe
all questio'.
of
probat th'
To make use
might
still
of
my
discy-
more labour
at length
128
new
invention in
bread which
is
is
cast
on waters taketh
intended.
all
How
might
it
then
who Word?
Ay,
must ye
doe,
many
dayes and
moneths,
abyss of eternity.
Without one
foorth
question, then,
my owne
fruit
may
trace
them backewards
of
mine
wherein
'Tis
all
my
Cypher that
'tis
is
so
nesse,
as it
unbending
to
amusements,
my
my
my
work.
it
It
is
shall
bee
my
most worthy
Bi-literall
it
has
pletenesse
may make
very
shew forth
this
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
129
keepes.
It certaynlj requireth as
much
wit as th'
inventio',
is
though much
in
lesse pleasure
cometh therein.
it,
It
so
much
my minde
and take
my
were, which
it
there
were anie
man
who
could understand
discypherer sat at
deliberations.
my side
to take part
when
required in th'
Many times
tliis
I have a sense of
my kinde
com-
a hope that
Cypher
shall
read
when my summons
an impossible
state,
shall
come.
Therefore tranquil-
lity is
it
and I
am
my
devices for
transmitting
wondrous
history, preserved
and be-
The wish
that
none of
my day may discover the Cypher my owne thought, there is time for
aire
above
th' skies,
where
it is
so clear
and
and
co'fin'd.
my
part
or a worthy
monument
to
my own
some
who
no right
In
that speaketh,
and
it is
must be sought.
130
discypherer^s
luster to
to
would be of
power giveth a
Do
your work
to lie.
all to
Crowd
nothing further
till
when
th'
the discovery
is
this
and
come
There
may
be a part of
my
tale concerning a
Newe
say,
Atlantis printed,
Cypher.
may
my
beene, as
we
all
say, discussed
weighing
to
make
th'
it
cleare
Will
discypherer
be thereby
from
whom must
be
requir'd
all his
more
This
my
minde an open
is it
question, haptriall.
allowed a
But
there
must come
sit
lesse interessed
judges to court.
Men
to
cannot
who
wish
both as plaintiffs,
and on
much
the man's wishes rule his minde; therefore, I say, the wis-
dome might bee questioned of anie decisions which I might r^ach, or, when all hath beene said and done, I might
myselfe be no better pleased.
IN
NOVUM ORGANUM.
131
my
dis-
cypherer to be
much accustomed
if this
to
these
debates,
wordy musi'g,
modest
It
th'
my
is
who
what I
do impart; and
so discreet is he, a
circulate
to his eare.
to
me
a friend
who can
abysm
writ a history of
Tudors who
united qualities
little
Eliza-
grandedaughter of him
Henry the Eighth, and therefore th' who was wise enough, or had such
from
earlie
experience,
caste
my
title
e.
by conquest may
a necessity
as to
be
lost
by the same.
as large
became
maynetain
same.
an army
a
to holde th'
power
win
the
Not being
souldier,
opposed in
to
my
am
well inclined
satisfactory
knowledge, which
to
my
live
minde
farre
more
"A
soldier's
name doth
eternity."
132
And
paine wliich
is
with this
to
follies,
pompes and
"Tempt me
No
power
is
beneath
th'
'Tis
this
myselfe and
my
discypherer that I
am now making
and
it
my
heart.
True
that
it
'tis
is
mth
itself e,
ask-
"What
shall
is
truth?"
By no meanes
who knoweth
sion,
his birth
royall,
but
is
barr'd
from
succes-
can soe
-&x his
The booke
shall tell
all.
In
perfect trust, to
you I bequeathe
my
labours.
IN
THE PARASCEVE.
133
THE PARASCEVE.
Speculative thoughts doe
relate, yet
still
their
spoken
to such as
at his paine.
There
is
one
in
^but
upon
whom we may
put
off a
necessarie.
we neede
not say
is
decyph'rer.
In
this historie
be co'tinued.
reach'd.
it
shall
have beene
Aphorisme somewhat
doth reveale to
This
is
my
faithful
friend the
name
I should beare.
Tudor.
Since
Elizabeth was
and by right
purple.
my mother, 'tis my owne lawfuU cognomen, my brow deserv'd th' rigoU, my body roabs of
knowne, that these things were
It is a truth little
In nine places
is
this told in
some Cyphe' or
if too
other, that
it
Indeed,
tion
but
is
everything published.
directions.
in
of
To resume
marriage.
134
Whilst
my
it is
my father
Robert Dudley
my
whom
enamor'd
philter,
that, to
which an
by some
strategia administered,
set
seale, tho'
was made.
To such a
tho't
can I never
there be in my minde no doubt of her great fondnesse for my youthfull, well-favor'd sire. They came into our world,
To
the
It
might perhaps be
a questio'
whether a Divine
acte.
Some
that as
as hath
would
it
Be
beene
Now
spirit
haughty
know,
^tho' this
in former times,
th'
injustice
is
great
we
may
say,,
beyond
all
fortitude of mortal
minde
to endure.
spirit
much
msh
name, Robert.
of Earle
o'
The
who remained
a simple Earle
was pleasing.
To our mother noe such measure By no argument, how strong soever, might
IN
this concession
THE PARASCEVE.
135
th'
heyrs of
her body.
as
He
by
new lawe
two,
Queene, and
he stopt with
thereby leavi'g
it
to the
lawe to decide, so
to her
as the entayl
Elizabeth
and
to
House
of Stuart.
It
this
waye
th't it
failed in effect
on accompt of the
ill-disposition of th'
Queene
to
of th'
Yet I
am
perswaded
we had wonne
^who ventur'd on
matrimony
it
illegall
had
sev-
o'
knew
to
whom
and
^'It
when
she was
in
minde
as in body,
her to
name
th' king,
shee reply'd,
shall
be noe
rascall's sonne,"
said,
and when
Scotland."
they preas'd to
know whom,
FRA.
''Send to
BARON OF VERULAM.
fea:n^cis baco:n^.
As you
get in a
are beginning
now
to
decypher a most
interest-
my
history,
you
newe maner
I will, however, as
much change my
newe, for what be most oft observed doff greatlie the ayde
and protection,
reall
and known,
e.
o'
unfamiliaritie.
th'
t'
Marke
t,
f,
and
yet overturned
it.
Th'
letter
it
t'
hath
still
only
might in or by
pecu-
form.
But we do
contrive
make most
much
shelter our
most evident
pretensions,
then most
accented
men do
skill,
Take care
letters,
and do not
baffle us.
That
it
by
curious,
t'
noteworthie
fullie proveth
how much
part scene.
greate'
valew
then
th'
Bacon
writing.
i'
is
to
many
None
my
rude invention.
Many
Your
may
truly require
IN
th' best of
137
your time,
requests,
gloomie
You
if
IF,
6',
Z,
D
d,
c,
small, as
you
alreadie have
is
at present,
h^
unchanged by
our
dots, in accorde
stile.
but
g^
(Jisti'ctly alter
their
all
letters (as if
b,
then becometh
all this
and
Your quick
in
that aids
them greatly
working
out in
it
full;
is
but in so
much
of th' Cipher as
is easilie
foUow'd,
too transparent.
If, therefore,
you finde
it
mo'
trieth or
(in th'
works
it,
here,
These are
plays,
which you
that
will
to present, in the
name you
it shall
it
belonging
t'
better,
doubte, then
when our
story's written.
The
how much
and in
I
envie maketh
home both
i'
a'
elevated minde,
th' vulgar.
am
indeed by vertue of
t'
my
Queene
was
Elizabeth, of th'
Edward
truely renowned.
O' such
from the
it
oakes.
My
true
name
is
giv'n,
but Tudor.
my
and kinde
me
as to his
owne
sonne, carefuU
o'
138
my
But
my high
advancement.
Anne
much more
my
death.
me away
privilie,
me
hand
o' protectio'.
My
my
true, just
and
th'
Wales, heire-apparent to
to indi-
these obligations,
my
my
birth.
It
may
clearly
be seen that
place of ideas
an
be
simply naturall.
But
set
would-
bee Virgin Queene, with promptnesse, (not liking our people's hearts to
upon
a king) before
my
A^ B,
O^s,
my
tutores
t'
instill
into
my young
minde a
to
desire
t'
do as
my
foster father
high
political
many
Of
nothing higher.
a truth in her gracious moodes,
my
royall
mother
me when
she
named me her
IN
139
little
Cecill
o'
o'
those outbreaks
him
as she
heard
at the Court.
I'
her look
much
malicious hatred
bum'd
toward
me
nation said:
"You
are
my own
nor Engt'
bee.
first-
my
best beloved
bome
that bless'd
my
unio' with
name him,
o' th' o'
men
only guesse
it,
nor know
o'
a truth
name
Queene,
maid
o' this
realm.
It
you
not
to
t'
make such
tales
spirit.
your kin'ly
who brought him foorth; hee'd rather who tattle thus whenere my face
enow
ev'r,
What will
c'sf
Ending her
to
bade
me
rise.
Tremblingly
to lead
summon'd a serving-man
to Mistresse
me
of
my home my dark
am
like
and sent
Bacon.
"That mother
said I, "for
my
name,"
surelie I
or cruel Fates do
alas,
me
wrong?
My
t'
me.
When
i'
th' justice
Thy
chastiseme't holdeth
men
not
140
but I
am
th'
innocent,
O my
God!
we
much
In
scorn,
on
me
th'
innocuous fruit."
my
made
unbearable.
It did so
much
moment, I
told her
o'
chamber and
th'
my
tear.
storie.
'No true
woman
can beare
sight
any
my
my
secret),
t'
honoured husband.
made
effort to conceal
fear that
by
my
distresse.
When
therefore
my
me
all
that I was in very truth th' sonne o' th' Queene, I burst
into maledictions 'gainst th' Queene,
it
my
fate, life,
and
yieldeth,
till,
my
When, howsoever,
despaire, said to
womanly
me:
aim
rightly, boy, for
"Spare
my
ear, or
you do wrong
Absato
Pause
least as to
When
you do
you
also
list
my
that
knowe
would
that
wrong
mention
rise in great
wrath and
call
down Heaven's judgements on you." At the word, I besought her to speake my father's name, when granting my request, she said: "He is the Earle of Leicester." Then as it made me cease to sob, she said
againe
:
IN
storie to you,
141
but you
my
end
if
you
will
go
to th' midwife.
Her
me
of a sonne.
not
your
the
is
mother's heart!
all
my
heart.
But night
weighty a matter.
teare
it
little
cheekes.
my sonne
Retire at once,
my boy."
With
winn
"Farewell," her heart half bursting, she bade
I,
mee
t^
dreame of goldene
and byoathe,.
AUedg'd
Henry
Eight,sonne to
lawfull marriage
Engo'
land's Soveraigne,
no
lesse
Wales
was by
is
my
proper
o'
title.
In due course
my
and given
private audience.
gente of
my
desire,
and that
it
142
actually
mine
in
my
home.
princely name,
it
seemed,
as apt to
was one
to bee
(though one,
no doubt,
ing)
i'
shall
be ev'n
th'
end of
another
is
(nor can he
make
he
so wisht
by
airs of
All wayes
th'
The royall
suitor,
were
publick disgrace,
that
many
saw
this.
If no act
it
As it influenced State affaires, it was admirable. made th' heires of Elizabeth rightfuUie bastard,
to
will
in no
ofer'd.
Any
as
men
lesse
selfe.
concluding
it
would be
knowe
that
she
is
both props
and
For such a
triviall,
IN
143
my
birthrighte
lost,
men from
place
me on
th' throne.
To winne backe
aires,
their loyalty
and,
upon occasion
har-
I for
my
Time
ope
waye unto
my rightfull
i
honors.
The
waies.
.
story of
my
entire life
told in
some most
subtile
My
plays,
(now
we
pre-
mise
we may
to
whose name I
you in
my
other,
more
time
a ship's watchfull
Round certaine words that may bee scene to have its place
aid in finding keyes,
name
T'
whenit
vision,
form
i'
th'
minde.
Let
th'
wordes in
be us'd ad lihitum^
it
keies.
th'
Such use
o' capitalls
meaneth that
out
words I will
so use.
But
it is
by
Any
aven-
it if
he doth get
all
Seeke out
of the works
to
more
laborall
Let
144
BI-L/ITERAL
diligently for
the light.
'No sparke sheweth from th' flint until
it
be strucke,
and
out, to uncove'
Look not
"Lo
it is
unfalteringly.
we
say,
there!"
up our
pose,
sight.
However,
light
to
my
pur-
and
as
more
famous designes,
waste.
have
more were
foolish
My
and misled.
see
Wherefore take
revealed to one
all
is
now
what
is
what
learning, have
it,
so
laboured
finish this
that
you
cannot misse
my
object.
key that
othe' or joining-word,
which you
I
to
knowe you
be in no haste, for
you
will be as
keepe
off
Yet
if
you
and prepar'd,
IN
145
Like
t'
gleaming tow'rs
may
outbrave Illium's.
o'
come
anie instruments,
bee
The building of
For
my glorious
t'
pallaces.
Let no conspiracie
make you
but for
leave
throw
off th'
filmy band!
Nor
In
way
Is risk'd a foot of
him
fleetnes stepps of
winged Mercury;
is
Then
aware.
The entrance
Th' unmarking
th' signs
Which
way do make,
mount.
shini'g
pathway
to th' golden
The
Turning ere
had noted
o'
it,
the Grecia'
o'
art,
Neyther can
sto'ier defiant
Cipher,
As
flint-like as th'
hardest stone
t'
now wrought,
Bee rounded
so to-day
symmetry,
my
our birth.
,
i
146
Limp on
And
Shew
oft
undo
So that at best
by
iteration,
As
th' object is
and more
places, oft
easily
of a marked degree
we have
see.
in
many
th^ deciph-
erer in
manner
nothing of importance
you may
Always,
you
perfection,
giveth
To
place the
losses
an
easie taske;
feare that
my
may
be at
fault.
it
All
is
cleare as
A. B.
well.
C.
I wag'd
my
best,
and
Though
finde noe
as to the
we found cramping;
is
of anie use,
you
have
its
availeth.
little
t'
imagination.
heautie
brass
monuments,
it.
authors living
may
grace
And
I,
my noble
pile,
have written to
my
decypherer hath
Pile the lofty
works
to
Although
works,
still
most valew'd
be
which
unto
th'
IN
as it
147
but fabricke of
all.
my
his-
fancy
hath truth in
Even
torick writings
my
Leave most
and worth-
lesse attempts to
undo me:
car,
hued
i'
rain-
which
sonnes
we
o'
who
th'
men
his beauteous
beams of
Daye he
lends the
too, th'
As hath beene
said, it
difficult
under-
upon the
manner
this
by
de-
method by no meanes
failed,
Whenever
this soe
mark
in lines I wish to
eye a newe significance, not such as it would have in th' Italic. As you see I blent everie eye, save one, in this.
Next I
do
th'
us'd
revealing the
sorts o'
secret), writings.
By
using
much time
even
thereby
many
day went by
fro' suspition.
employed and
easily seen,
but free
mon
148
m J penn
names and
;
them
ns'd
severall different
fruitlesse.
names for
one,
Even
my
e.,
all
It is to
make each a
diversify th'
save
my
decipherer.
t'
worke
suficientlie,
beginning
so freely
many
work
of
my
sowne
need
much
work
shall set
newe motif
into action.
would
fill t'
overfiowas
beter keepeth
my
plans
his
All this must bee found, before you can apply yourself e easilie
you
to do at once.
may
at th' first
(ill
seem of
on
little
as it
may make
evill
out, aye
most
false,
be apparent.
You
name
many much
valued
IN
149
by scenick Caesars who conquer, ever, a lack created on our stage from th' withdrawing of some lame and halt
plays
t'
embark again
th'
in
new forme
t'
aide
my
projects
by compelling
will finde th'
call
production of others.
And
both
therein
i'
you
beginning of
many
stories,
dramati-
forme
(also in that
bick verse.
But the
When
these plays
may
come
is
foorth, for
many
it
reasons cannot
now be
determined,
shall
be soone.
a proverb ofte on
my
lips,
and
as oft
myselfe, also.
sharpened
then
But an axe that cutteth well must be well it doth become us all to looke well to
our instruments:
my
various bookes.
a mark'd scrutoire.
th' sailor
mappe
hath
lines, this
th'
bound I
set.
Though
'tis
Then
to behold.
To bee admir'd by
Heere
is
all
crosse
and
ball
insignia of ranke,
Even
ISTo
blur
on
it,
gleameth
i'
th' light of
150
Oh
let
not
man
In
th'
musicke of these
straines, let
him forbear
List again,
shall bee
flight
and turn
to hear
Amen.
King
His works divine,
ever shall redound
to th'
To shroud
And
to kings
mundane
names
Fortune
may
aid him;
to faire light,
lore;
world
To him
Digge deepe
And
Till
he
th'
th'
Uni-
verse,
With human eyes that better can discern Then mountaine eagle, gazing at th' sunne, Doth finde out secrets hid fro' humankind
Since th' foundations of th' earth were laid,
And
in grave
musick deepe
to
call.
While morning
starres together
hymn
Fr. B.
Time lendeth
MAELOWE.
EDWARD THE
1622.
SECOND.
You
my
brother
my
plaie,
named
in
any Rheso
mak-
ing over
my
hero's fam'd
lost.
through
Homer
et.
al.)
that no part
is
Much, however,
will be recorded in
the
Many
Any
so long
writings o'
my
name
or in that of
my
Xow
friend,
the work
o' th'
knowne
as untiring
of
and
spirit.
o'
use
o'
some kind or
win
wander
and I followe
this busines
and
this play, if
recreative labours
th'
may
be
stil'd plaie.
Many
This
is
days pass in
work
that
is
here given.
may
justlie
my owne selfe doth know of its appearance), to furder my object and to avoid ev'n th' slight suspicion of persons reading my plai's.
favour (since none but
151
152
BI-LITERA'L
A
not
booke
is
as
th' rich
it.
shine of
obscure
The same
is
my
my
is
their designe
Doe
this as
You
great prose, (not the best I have so given another man, but
better for
work of various
David, one of
name Peele on
tioned, th'
my oldest books
when we minded
our long study.
th' result of
dreamed of by any.
Time now doth unveil many things ungues'd or unTo do away with mistery we set forth a large work De Augmentis S. now translated, to shut th' casket, but if th' keys to it should now be sunk, th' story
it
whose tragedy we
and valew'd
book
my
story
from
curious searchers in a
new
mine.
my
farre
may
of
it all.
FKANCIS BACOK.
HISTORIA VIT^ & MORTIS.
1623.
letters
purposed
too soone
may
To prepare
as
manie alphabets
as
would
many
of
my
spare
hours of
late,
is
if
may
my
time
my
as
history
may remaine
true
it is
my faithfuU decypherer
this
must know
work, yet
if
it is
a history as true as
In truth feare
is it
growdoth
it
ing within
mee
that this
is
all
and
warre in
my
manie
day or yere
felt.
The
throne,
deatli of a
king that
now
usurpeth
my
rightfuU
his*
may
who wrong'd by
owne
roiall
his claime
154
and
this vast
kingdome.
livi'g
The papers
would
testify as
mouths of
to
them well
but
it
will be recalFd
It will
make
cleere, perhaps,
when mine As
all
of
my
hopes came by
make
due restitution
th'
to myself e.
time to prove
my
England came,
my
writ-
wrong
nearlie
workes such
that
is
as this, a prerogative of
my
birth, th'
power
shewn
in the outward
and
Eex.
to
be
without
forme of
trial to
languish in
London Tow'r,
my
But having no
th'
true desire of
sire,
my
advancement, neyther
Queene nor
my
set a scale
upon
th'
fully
established
my
Therefore
th'
aforesaid
IN HISTORIA
P., at Yfhose
155
second
time,
hee
with
Cjueene's nuptialls,
certified
and of
my
by
Anne
proud,
Bacon,
roiall
my
foster parent,
who saved
is
my
to nourrice.
Therefore
not
known by
and name
name which
off
mine by lawe,
am I and men
living in
title
some farre
^^on
shall at a
word
My
work
of as
William Shakespeare's
seemely in plaies
folio enlarged
and multiplyed
as th'
Th'
commencement
is
of
epistles will
not in truth
my
earliest let-
In
name
ere
the Word-Cipher
by pursuing
but
may
so
work may be
put out
al
unknown
th' secret
to you.
It
difficult to
it
work
gave no clew to
To
this
given, inasmuch as
156
am
co'peFd to admit
first
fruit,
by worthie pamphlets of some pen that produc'd no little then by genius, I, assur'd that time can do no harm
to
my
make
it
work wherever
or in
what garb
bee,
Blacke as manie of
th' play, indeed,
most pleasing and also leave small seedes that will put forth
some
which
So may that
my
inner revela-
fruit,
men's thoughts
You
take
when
there bee
more
and I may
many
of th' parts
from
form
theame
It
may
be a
and
so friendes
may, noting
who wish
struction,
to
keepe
all
or con-
much accompted
it is plact,
of great
it is
highten'd
by
th' foil or
and to
noe
set that
one
gemme
anie
above
other
that
man
shal
say
in
time to bee,
IN HISTORIA
157
"Th' fruit
is as th'
In due time a
cometh
to
to
your
known
Part of
many by
King Henrie
th'
Fourth.
common
name on
th'
title
page.
These
are, as
many
crowning glory of
my
grees, as surely
may
it
was
clearlie
shewne
to
as well of the
open
story.
Therefore some
from
my
Folio, but
causes
well in your
minde
is
many were put within those which little valew. As half the
it
number I
also,
by some meanes
in th'
same name,
whose borne no
traveller returnes,
be prompt to avenge
it.
And
as concerneth th'
most certaine
discern-
and
his
name of a man knowne to the theatre, former gay company of fellowe-players, stand thus
158
on plays
obay
him
as little
I,
service, as to a babe.
th' Scripture
it
now
and
caste
my
or so we
on
th' waters.
fill
Plow
be at the harvest?
Will the
golden store
at
not soon
God
bee
mine?
my
my
wish.
Fame
it
may
chance
who
paines his
name
'tis
And
th'
time I
am
giv'n to spende
upon
th'
work
is
as gold,
princelie
gemmes
or purple robes.
All things in
charme that
is
too
man
such
as
be of greatest worth
4hat which
is
yet
Shakespeare's, wil
Some that reade known 'mongst players as William marvail that so many superiour works
But
my
discypherer,
who knoweth
are incompleted
my
cheefe
occupation
out,
shall
make
in
made
by being ready
to
have compleated.
This to
Cyphre now in
are
'tis
as things
now
my
history,
whilst
now
forward
stories of
a man's
owne experiences
writings,
at
most
are,
somewhat improv'd,
my
IN HISTORIA
159
Word
Cyphe'
taught
my
by the others
being
by
work'd in
Yet how an
interior epistle
is
coloured
th' exterior in
letter,
For
heroes,
and
all
weightie deedes,
fine,
loftie
and
whilst true
humble or
flaunting,
dim
violets or
poppy
flowre, alike
may
nothing
is lost
In like mode
ill
deeds
must put on
ill
When
this is observed in
for
portions scattered
Henry
ment must
if
But
it
must stand
as
my
my
its sole
its
methode or meanes by
waighty secrets
contrivance of which
might be given
me
farre
it is
bloud in
my
It
be time.
him but
to
my
160
Yet such
beyond that
of
terrors held
daie,
mee
upon
th'
youthful head
it
my
my pate.
Th' event of
th' Earle's
moment seem'd
our proud
a ring given as
if
harm might ever threaten, altho' neither from th' Queene his evil would threat.
It
thereafter, ere
th'
this fact
After our
was
was
his
most preitous
token
yet,
by
its
came
short
of
de-
intended end.
you
at least as
my
none can say or think how awful the memory, burnt upon
heart, braine,
is
at this
day though
me
make such
on the heart
and of
possible to
ticing
my future," none is to mine eager spirit soe enas my earnest hope of meeting Kobert in that world
when
all earth's
of blis
ing
evill-doing
by
his
word
forgiven.
request
Thou
infinitely gracious
Father!
that sin
all
crucified that
we might
live,
his bloud,
our
Though our
them
IN HISTORIA
be white as wooll.
as height is
161
As
from
th' "West,
from depth,
all
mindes and
is
iniquity
from our
my
hand
is
as soon as
fit,
this
yet this
that I
is
by no means
made
at divers seasons in
my leasure
or
it
may
be,
in time
from
officiall duties,
yeares from
fihde
it
man may
if it
well
stances
so uselesse a
^that
word
in
my
position
it,
and circumplease
except
him
and
to distinguish
also in kinde.
will be partlie
my
Word-Cyphar
many
by
To me
timelie advice,
my
dil-
me
it is
few inventions of
th' world,
my
much
may
yet
make
perfect.
At
named the
desiderata, so
much
may
To
introduce th'
inve'tion.
163
my
my owne
sov-
rule, or lead
men
discov-
adventitious joyes of
new
orth
^f
wounded
somewhat
my
heart, but
as
one whose
life is
waning
swiftlie,
it is
wearing to
its
hand
shall
all
say that the soul of this Prince wins loving subjects at last
in Christ his kingdome.
In
my
remaining dayes,
is
or few,
to
whatever
King
to
or
many
like
our forefathers'
meet
do for
would I do in
Some
made
before
Jas.
my
handes
my
Cypher
is
more
benefit
or at least
doth put a
man
in a
way
then
ISTature's
owne
of a
A.
to
finde
truths
first
guardeth even as
necessitie
th'
it
was in that
^must of
nor must
most paines-
IN HISTORIA
taking work.
163
t
This
is
who
served
more
is
oft required of
mee then
to
.make the
Let
it
many
it
how lowe
or lofty
temple walles.
It should not,
fatigue, with
hand and
waye
make
to
divine^
th'
in bands
truelie well
my
deciphrer, cannot
know how
much
my
my
taskes
and
made nor
carelesselie set
work
shall
keepe on
it
leadeth
on
to
doubt
make
he
triumphant musicke,
some note
my praise,
inasmuch
as
my hand long
though
th'
sounds be not in
th'
musicke
sweeter afterwards.
Doe not
treat
my
small
164
have placed in
mj workes.
and I accompte
this
worthy of
his wages,
is
my reward. As
hope of Fame
shal be,
it is
not vanity in
mee to make this request, nor do who heare and see. Sure the conrenowne may not cause wonder since much
honour that
is
my
^yes
due
may
This
must be true
story herein
if
my
joylesse
true,
and
Then,
too, co'sta'tly in
mind
is th'
my
ml folow,me
him the
and
title
my
right to Eex.
SHAKESPEAEE PLAYS.
1623
FOLIO.
*You
labyrinth.
be
lost in
the
my great dramaticall writings, severall other workes my I^ew Organ, the second part of my Instauration, my 'New Atlantis, (some parts of which I much desire you to write from my philosophicall
Every one of
my
Historic of
Henry
tell
the Sevent, as
well
as
my
workes of science,
how
to
Keep
at
work.
FR. ST. ALBAN.
*Any
bi-literall
a rule to be followed
when
which are
my
New
first
Cipher
now
for the
time
submitted,
doubtfully,
for
examination
and
studie,
or industrious);
part of Thyrsis
(Yirgile's
Eclogues);
my
owne.
FR.
LORD VERULAM.
*Ben Jonson.
Heming and
Condell.
165
166
fore published
time.
Some
*As I sometimes
Ciphers,
writing.
place rules and directions in other you must seeke for the others soone to aide in
FR.
OF
Ve.
*Queene Elizabeth
bookes containe;
(if
is
my
my
life.
F.
BACON.
Homer's
Illiads
and Odyssey
(in Cipher),
with the
^neid
is
*Fr.
Bacon
the author,
as such.
Cypher workes, gives full directions, in a great many places, for finding and unfolding of severall weightie secrets, hidden from those who would persecute the betrayer, yes, even take a person's
in this way,
his
life.
He
and in
Then take
by your
zeal.
Eeade easy
lessons
first,
King John,
his
a good one;
it
and proceed to
Alphabet of E'ature.
Leame
F. B.
M.
IN
This letter
tells
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
you how
to
167
produce
my
most highly
Go
as
I direct,
your waye.
Actus primus,
King John,
Bacon's
word
Novum Organum:
lost.
may be found
if
my
work be
full, to direct
how
my
greatest Invention)
which you
a wise
you:
leafe, is
man
here
now
finde a
number
(i.
my King
this
e.,
Night or
What You
two formes,
it is
face of
my
sixt
my
and the
Ciphers.
what
all
shewes
my
Every
letter,
Homer,
is
dedicated to yourselfe.
FR. BACON.
*My
this
my
Cipher
this:
I wish
get
my
Cypher
into
students'
rules,
curricula.
You
my
First finde
Headings
Sk
168
Juno and
Asia Minor; some parts also of Europe neare the Hellespont and the
bookes.
write the
first
two
Thus begin:
O
Of
worthy sonne.
from
published;
ill
musicall than
the Greeke, I
thinke
it
measure of honour.
put
Search
places in
which I have
my
keyes.
ISTear
Synoin
nymes,
Keepe
fact, it
lines,
to
Homer:
to consider it a
poeme of the
For
this
may
each
feete
to be
my
playes, yet in
my
pensable,
and sometimes,
^the
may do
as to
you seems
and propper.
all places,
In
my
So I
IN
will.
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
169
sec-
of Aurora, write:
saffron bed.
Had
Or
spreade, through
robe.
up a weighty
it
missile, the
gods giving
which stood
Upon one end, and had not many a day Removed beene a signe of sundrie wayes
cleare, I
if
do
you
into
all
bee found.
Tume Time
here,
an ever present,
and way.
must be
my
names I use
my
fingers, to
my
am
secretlie
out,
all
Grseco-English wordes,
pleatlie
made
English.
Keepe
my
mind
he will push
170
on, will
win the
of the
left,
Keepe your
as
on the
goal,
I bid.
I will
make
it
a delightsome
It
is
by such means
many
a fabu-
trace out.
*You
as
are
now come to
It
is
and
observe,
which are
my
writings,
this
you
should keepe
also
my
work;
To
suit,
these keyes
now add
Purth'
Iris, also
Mercury;
all clouds,
Mght, and sweete Aurora; the Hours, who open Jove's gates; besides the Muses, Graces (who wait upon Yenus, or
attend on the fire-robed Sun-deity), and Furies, lightning,
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
with
171
many
other
Dub
and Fortune's
also shall
as precious
Time harmeth
not.
tell
You
will
now
find
the
manner of joining
in most of
prose,
parts.
my
playes; but
my
you could
not, if
you would, go
all
When
keies
the partes
marked with
and joining-
may
outcome, since I
is
am
Architect,
builder: yours
when you
so that
lace,
shall
you could
raise towards
my
Solomon's Pal-
ax, or
hammer, or any
How
won-
beautie,
seen.
*As apt
laid
on ev'ry hand;
172
beyond
chapter's
chiefe motif,
by
most
honorably
ease.
and
The Tragedy of Macbeth must be added to this, then Edward the Second. As these are carefully con'd, many of iNTature's writing are to be read, and a rule to fit or join, now that of one name, now others, making a story,
joine
in
plays,
sin
of
my
who
despis'd,
is
(yet
royall
and
my
brother,
my
share
i'
th' triall of
with
many
such.
1^0
joine
King
Lear,
sixtie-two lines of
The Life
King Henry
Eight, partes
of such other as
tainty.
you need
my
More
my
stories.
Plays are by no meanes alwaies verse, therefore have I put a chain linking together by keies
in
my
speaches: those
Henry Seventh,
are
now many
lines in excesse ;
is
and
to
all,
or
be
altered.
You
and that
my owne
claime
much
that
is
simi-
lar to the
much
son,
as his
had
Earle of Essex,
who
owne
I, at
As hunted
bale,
my
brother's affects,
and
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
Macbetli with Tempest,
it is
173
to
be
how
like
is
and
do
as I
have done.
follow
You can
my
most com-
chamber, in which are caskets like to that which Alexander found, and wherein I hide, likewise, mine
as well as honor'd
own
bookes,
Homer,
his verses.
woman who
rare devices.
saved
me from my
furious,
owne mother by
from
do
all eies
is
and name.
to th'
if
ills
Hate
fall
juste, in
him who
is
made prey
which
is
love
not
waking
naked,
he
sleeps.
forth, stript
th'
my harsh,
is
my
mother was a
:
woman
her will
Take
multi
this play,
and
to
it
i.
e.,
Note
or rather double
form
work.
is
when
more
other
my
In
my
worthy mind
a better, a broader, a
farr-
we
is
so great a
is
requitall of
seen
Nox and
174
we
My
soul
my
passio's.
F. B.
^Search
this for a
more awefull
modern,
an act which
my
my
set
by
kin, like
is
joyn'd to
this, will
King John.
o'
When
this
a play,
is told.
Be
his
Attempt by
all
odds,
record, to cast
your great
hanging now
so
empty.
vestments
richer.
Moth
gems'
^the glitt'ring
crowne rust
may
corrode
no such
harme
my
story of those
They
just
were
my
my
onely foes.
Read
of some overt
had a
me
to do,
my
enemie construed
to
come from
King Lear.
my
primary
resorte, a
predominant desire
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
mark imprest
175
to set the
upon
my
rights,
by
virtue of
occasion
they
were
mindfull
Muse
t'
envy and
my
so
main worke.
Attempts
fail
which a
tireless
enemy doth
tume
hate's
minister of
harm most
ill,
to
my
left in this
forme, for a
t'
trite,
though
may
not be used
it
form
this
kind of a
play,
you
it
will gain
thereby.
makes
my
method of word-signes
painstaker
who doth inquire here, will undoe my mistery. have many single livres prepared for my deare Maris
guerite; one
and in the
true love
cherish'd
own many a
were kept
some
lovelie
reader in future
^ones.
lives so
my owne
historic,
So
fair
was
she,
Eve
all
to their
wondrous paradise
French
one Mar-
as if
no being, no one in
this
high heaven's
King John.
176
But
there
came in
when I would
my
Adam
therein,
was
Join
to
Romeo
if
you wish
know my
story.
doth enter
my
Tragedy
just given,
like a fickle
are
my
love,
dame's.
sin's
paine-boughten bond in
ignomy which
This
deafe, unthinking
is
and unsuspicious
tolde plainly in
my
story.
in
houre
o'
neede
most cruell
torments in mind.
snare,
Thus Trojan
you
This
parte.
many
purest water-rises.
prettiest dales
do form,
brim
as
off
my
old amour.
Study in
this
wide
realm
tells
many usefuU
truths:
Time
an inheritance
earthlie
which
power.
is
*Romeo and
Juliet
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
177
my
early history.
Conjoine
the
this
my
Henry the
i.
just as I put
plays,
them
here,
in this order, to
make the
was given
false,
my
best Cipher
["ay"] events so
set
down
which
in writing
by
my
any kind of
illes
laid
by
The
opporif
it so gratifie Elizabeth.
ISTeretheless
my
name
of the one
who
is
heir appar-
truth,
and
lees, or
my
soule; ay,
you
see the
as
'tis
from
my
veines, indeed.
And
truly
you
men, that
the life of
my
some rufian
officer,
my my
for's
heart: but
man
has at
all
times a love
still
larger
own
life; e. g. in
many
and
if
such a Scripture.
life
You may
here better
vaine
as it is
ene then
it
eternitie,
may
scarce be
deemed
When
story hidden in
my
workes, you
may
see
many
178
same in
this order.
my
letter
or
tragedie,
and a
accompt therein of
it, is
all
the secret
Folio has
wanting; but
is
my
in
many
of later date
You must
lest these
worke-howr
put
meere
name
Tragicall-History,
held for
made
men,
his
keepers,
by
arts
having ob-
upon the
lipps of
irons
then
of
coldly executed.
woe
this.
of anie age,
Thee.
truest book,
my
my
past
this
^love's little
sunny
IN
hour,
if it
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
179
rules
which
In these
subtile waies I
shew
whe'
when many
a few will
like
and
also
much.
The most
of
my
when
The
*first
mine only
few suspect
bom brother Essex, such common words that my volumes had simply hidden the chiefe of
must shew you how
I,
Your
use
keies
by
this
new method
or traces
my
invention.
set,
showing them.
As
in your
lists
skill, so
must
moe then
is just.
True you do
my loss
from a
me
You
used.
will finde
them
work I have
It
This
may
whom Queene
stur-
^used in Essex'
vengeance with
many
warm hand
steep'd as in wine, so
behoove
desperate
me to
my
Prince Eobert
took
hurts.
As
the danger
many hundred
*Julius Caesar.
180
to sit in halles
much weaker
i.
troopes,
as
simple honor, I
You
prose,
will
i'
need but
my
any
of
lost thrids
the plays,
two stage-plays,
worst factionall
effort's failure,
the Life Essex in the form and has a part many I name an
of a story that
that
in
in Peele's workes.
first
of. his
published
it
The
earliest
my
brother's
many though
name Greene
t'
as the author.
This
but
my
author-name
hide ^
my
as a guard, as
lost in
You
of
will finde
more
o'
much
more
also
chiefly
makes up
my
and
a stage-play I pub-
my
Dido,
my
tragedy of
many poems,
much
of
Calendar
^which
marks
Ovid's
now
Elegies,
and
also the
Eape
of Lucreece,
all
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
181
stori's, wit-
especially Pandosto,
Arraignment
named
it
given you
earlie
as a part of
some passage
mine
worst, loveliest
beauteous Margaret
the walls
o'
and
Troy)
King
of Arragon,
King Henry
Alcazar:
Spenser's, as Shakespear's,
kinds, sonnets,
and
so forth, that
my
Margaret
as
My
my
in
translations are
love poems
twice.
If
understa'd.
In the Cypher
its
my
that
it
may forme
the inmost of
my
secret epistles.
Of course we must not suppose our Latin work to remove our other Cyphers away from sharpe inquisition, but
while this remaines undiscovered
my
secret
is
quite
exempt
greatest
from suspect
My
share.
first
my
My
story
then must
my name
of blot, or
in this way after I am dead; among men cleared from all sorts imputation o' wrong advice to Queene Elizalive
may be found
beth
i'
th' triall of
but a sud-
182
den
any
liberty in
matters of
sonne,
his
greater.
It
is
justice, yet
how
my
heart.
At men's rhany
my
indignation swell'd
my
ISTative
onely actuated *
is
by
his
irrefute-
able
men
to give
him
full dues.
all)
most of us insure
this,
no doubt, by our
looked for,
least
may mar
event
most suddenly.
An
unexpected
may
in
my
me, and so
advantages.
my
many
notable
man who is milde in nature, must be harder punishment (I am assured in heart it must be so) then to the man of iron nerves and hardy temperature. I am no soldi'r, but not a coward either. I am a student, a philosopher, I may say a savant, and I am senInjury to an innocuous
sible
of
injuries.
In so farr as
this is unjust, I
hereby
rightful examination
my by my
Fifth.
brother's case
counsell,
and
and reporteth
same every-
*Henry the
IN
where.
'd'red.
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
183
Let
my
liste to
me,"
is
many
him
of
my
own
aside,
person.
When
did fare.
trust
its
is
much
of hope
droops upon
stalk like a
summer's
flow'r.
Thus Essex
Whenere
fine it
this story in
th' sepul-
ture door, strip the clothes and napkins which would con-
from
and
so stepp out
among
living
human
work
forth,
beings,
my
judgment.
it
Make your
to rise, stand
and
tell to
mankinde
its
secret woe.
my
life in
France,
using the keyes as just given with but a few added, such as
Paris, France, court, Charles,
Henry.
Joyne minde or
the conscience
affection, love,
spirit, soule,
envie, antipathy
t'
and
like passio's.
In example
o'
turne
my latest list,
thus setting
off to
sections so shewne.
may
184
on the other
i'
th' double-keyes
IsTever cease
worke be ended.
my
owne
tory
Armada from
where
action) in the rear o' the flying spirit-like sails o' the Span-
Every
line
was written
may
soone be scene a
number
o'
have
attentio',
to them.
in
Mary many
devotion to the
Head
was somewhat
o'
Armada reached the farre-away seamen. When they put out, many hundred Englishmen, of whatever communion, rose in defense. The love o' home is a stronger affection, in some doughtie serconfidence wanting as rumours
o'
the
which pertain
I shall not
ing, as ev'n
o'
which much
is
knowne.
make much of this subject then, when writmoe zealous and blinded servants of the Church
and home, then came
t'
the old religion, rous'd with fury, did run to fight inso-
ayde
(summoned
to assist
indeed few
made
England.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
Foiir^li,
185
you
'^
you seek
dilligently.
These are
words, and you neere would wish any other subtile marke,
so plain doe all keies
To
these you
and
o'
my
and
a castle.
Make
this
stirring, fierie-tem-
pered man,
who fought
this
meerely in
now
to
my
'No
enemy doth
up
so doughtily
throw downe
his
bold
none
takes
more won-
derous
light
skill
then Elizabeth.
She
it is
that
at a time of
Men
whom
may
mercy
at
many
th'
mind, and
if
no murtherhumil'ty,
o' jeeri'g
but
if
divels
fared
come into his soule o' which Her Ma., Queene Elizabeth.
spirit
pride.
So
Her whole
a realm
*Othello.
186
o'
and verie grave deportment; for the blood of her youngest borne was upon her royall hand, if not that of mania
others, heirs to a future o' paine.
I'
but
all
o'
Queene.
Her
did.
woman
She was
accusations.
my
I,
my
hard
lips for
my
first
much
of the gall
my
burdened heart
has carried
many
Have
patience, I prithee,
untill
my
his-
my
it
must
bee
it is
left, it
must
bee, yet do
you keep
in
this
now must we
my
to th' desire of
indeed,
is
by some
short-
to for-
You may
rigoll.
be
my
voyce to
utte' the
yet, should
you
refuse, another
browe
will
winn the
If hate's
venom
waye.
With Thee
of light, and
is
God, Father
Author
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
1S7
Pilate said, wheii hee had framed a title for the of the Jews,
King
Thus
"What
must
is
us.
my
right
witty and
threads.
much valued
man who
raveled these
I burthen one,
who
to do
my
justice,
my wish is that my whole workes should bee for you' good. By my tones I shewe first various waies to direct the eie
to
any portions
lesse in
o'
the Cypher.
Truth
to say th'
winds
I
is
change
shifts
should be furder.
You
then turn to
my
which
o' th'
numerous works
Each of the
concern
stories thus'
made
it
my
others
will
for slower waye we employ doth but when has ben work'd
this
all
out,
my
is
method
be thought marvellous.
faile,
It
manie times
warring
i'
of a worse result.
Too
o'
clear
eyes
foes watched
my
the loop of th' executio'r; too dense, concealed noe less th'
much
my
works
as scene in to
my
Instauratio;
as well, as say, quite
marke them
you
may
188
originall
make them
and
to
bewray
my
Cipher, but he
who
even then
I say
he has dre'mt
of, for
Hence
is
come
It
its
dues of joy.
us.
o'
Life
but one
sh'rt race; it
is
well to
know
be put on
nor
evill
an
men deny
or winne in
au-
any
thors.
It awaits
expositor,
for he
who may unseen, though himself simply serving knowne, * I may say an honoured man, ^write and pub-
lish
glory,
my work
hath,
my
is
hand and
heart, as
story,
plainly indicated
by
his
my
must
it
can
fal to
no other
first
even after
we have turned
t'
clay, for
you must be
afte' you.
his
may
life.
be and sweet
th' other.
The long
on the tongue,
this
new
Mind
amidst
all
Anthony and
Cleopatra.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
if
189
Time
shall
we do
trulie well,
and
our worke be
ill,
and
write for
men
not living on
Th'
o'
^ons
men
mark'd
remarkable pow'rs.
ev'n
chearfull
my
looks,
nor turn
my
eies fro' a
mark
in
Fame's
target.
When
You
as
th'
t'
my many
first
table
of great aide
i'
th'
work.
Remember,
Finde
cer-
above
form
Cypher
plays,
first
it is
My
unpublisht poems of
my
my
rules are
to
designed
190
handled,
that
it
clear.
'tis
With
the kingdome
those happily
from every
o'
harme and
I
threat of danger.
Yet
in this
work
my hands
am
heire-apparent to a
much
my
But future
many more
f arre-extending.
shall shine as
The
royall scutcheon of
fill
the sunne,
and
Each booke
out
truelie doth
make
my help
No
compas
this
end
at least.
o' state
in the written
and
th' story
:
this
of import-
maner.
No
Art's
it;
When
maske
is
in ruins
lifts
when Nature
and not
shall
as it
is
be seen in Time.
is
It
all th'
knowne,
its
tombe unhonour'd
Cymbeline.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
t
is
191
by love
arid
estime sucli as
its
Princes, feel in
I have placed in
that
is
many
of
my
latest
some
lengi;h, that
I speak of
it
You
find
it
oft in prose
workes
little
it is
symbols, and
use
if
your
letter
be
End your
more you
th'
will not
now
finde
nor
new names
o'
are used.
You
places
when
writing.*
If some
it
Cipher mystery.
In soe farre
names of the
writer, could
be varied
this
an
good course.
number
first letter,
as it
hath a part of a
numerous
full directions
found
all
in the
more
e.,
made up
chieflie
of fragments.
When
my
192
have parts of
it also.
The play
of
of
One
called a
Time
th'
and the
capitall letter
last.
'No
more
are needed
th' plays
and I requeast
the Seventh,
you
Henry
the playes.
Err not in
conquers
'Tis
all:
my
worke.
Hope
for truth
is as
the crowne
won
in th' race.
evermore
th' part of
an eager runner
if successe
'tis
bee
desired, to
keepe on bravely to
given
unto him
a crowne
is
who doth
and
his perseverance.
Keepe a most
your
command much
haste on
i'
and
richer reward.
gives
t'
my weak
courage assurance
ev'n to some,
as great
yet
life
better
men
fame with
imagine that
my
ordeal would be so
owne
much
better, if to
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
193
much
given.
to be desired, a
Look
to
in
ayde our
if it
many
cower
So sure
"
is
my
o'
due
undertaking, that
we
leave him.
key
t'
now
set forth,
and
his
Followe whithe' a
many
a faint
at the
Taking each
great,
Worlds,
may
we may open
it
own
may be
flitting
weeks
my
youth.
may
for so shal
my
From
spirit.
the
truly saying,
o'
till
tapers
hand
man
could
resist.
o'
There-
make
every
fill
bosom
it
friend.
Studie doth
still
leaveth behind
greater
man
Third.
Richard the
194
For many
cleare to
am making
Th'
latter
my
followers
i'
th'
of
Eduard
Timon.
not
hath
much
life is contain'd in
you
Since I upon
of these
most precious
books have nere ask'd one word, nor said one to winne
praise to
my
name,
o'
it
must bee
loste
study
if left.
A
must
true love
my
I
be, (indeed
name
more
is
industrious
man must
too meage')
as mine,
aides, for
no work handFd
can be
dull.
what
but
woful
tale so-e'er it
o'
may
tell,
Oft
many may
seeme winnow'd
just morale
essays or sermons,
is
my
truest
o'
may
not astonish
my
decypherer
if
I write
my
a plaie.
scene, th'
many
differ-
soon be found,
much
of carefuU,
o' all
true
Wisedome
ere
it
may
be
who
have sought
maze
not yet folowed halfe waye to our more choice, or th' last
story of
our Court-life.*
Observe
i'
my
constant timely
th'
most of
my
play of
You' eye
Timon of
Athens.
IN
have use as well.
rules to follow
at first th' best
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
For example, words I intend
o'
195
to
be
th'
all
my
decipherers ayds,
key which
shall
be your oft
coming
if
th'
way you
should go.
is
owne
off
Pan.
My
as
may
that
you need
most
at present
to carry
However,
o' th'
Look
throw
e.
for
my
light.
In some
my
oldest plays
jeer,
g.,
oaths,
in
every
would
attract too
much
same
storie,
name
i.
a worke.
great,
e.,
the
men who
so
filled
only
consider
If strange
thinges,
with
come
before
them,
t'
commonplacenesse
shall not
to
them a
folly.
But
my
decipherer
my
be understood.
St.
AIiBAN.
196
(Old
is
not in hand.
Wives Tales should follow here, but original Twelfth Night commences thus with
subject.)
an incomplete
By
such a manner
much
if
of this
may be
tum'd
would
shaped
many
days thereby
a
As
in
Old Wives,
word
peculiarly
perill.
letters, it
My
my
together and
young eyes
see in truth
might note
it,
for signes to
my
In
decypherer
so
more quickly
experiment.
explained.
and
my
^yours
no
evills
hap from
an
Historic of
Henry
th'
t'
Seventh
this is
Omit
Finis Actus. It
may add
your confusion
other Cipher
my
letters.
These, hav-
how
should
bring a replie?
This
is
for your-
my
keyes should
make
who hath
all
a key should
hidden matters.
Th' wise have
do more
profitt
It
is
to
man's glory
much
labour
othe'
men and
shal
Thus
we have sown if you wearie not before nightfall. When Henry th' Seventh is joyn'd with th' six stage plays first sent forth i' this name, that Cypher we now
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLaYS.
197
This also
unimportant methods,
to
th'
e.,
th'
auxiliaries
principall
one,
that
work
words
huntsmen
th'
By
use
mark then
my
decyph'rer
signes
To
waye of giving
letters
we could
upon
is
it
alter
your
(it
is
to help to
we
ventur'd
It
manifest also that you will not work in the dark long.
in sundrie wayes, our plann hath been for
it is
To you,
yeers, as
some
to
see
when
the law of
broken, and
titio's
Our
form
alter
story
may
It
is
th' part of a
This
you should understand, yourselfe, or asuredly you will in due time. A secret is verilie in the numerous writings
my
I did uptake.
making
These
knowne
th'
sell,
or in anie othe'
their names.
of Errors.
*Midsummer
Night's Dream.
198
I have
disguises that
my name
attached to
any poem,
day.
stage-play,
workes
o' this
The cause
choyse
o'
of this
is clear.
fiel'
]S^ot
science for a
hiding
my
secret writings,
as
no other person
is
cogniza't of the
work save
my
foster-brother
Anthony,
my
and
my
friend, adviser
part
many amanuenses, for we can keepe severall employed when reading our plays for our finall review, or when assembling th' parts.
we
imploie
Th'
West.
title
of th'
comedy
is
Seven Wise
Men
of th'
Actors'
names:
George,
Eobert,
Christopher,
William,
another Eobert,
scene
is
Edmund and
hedge-priest,
Frances.
The
th'
London.
braggart,
pedant,
opher.
boy, poet,
philos-
*With
and
as
these as keies
this, as
I said,
i'
much
witinesse both
th'
it
out,
and
as well finish'd.
When
this
is
aware of
Tragedy
A
It.
servant
is
to
be added
by
whom
Marlowe's
life
was taken
Francis Archer.
IN
th' joyni'g
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
th'
199
be no danger
Many
now
giv'n as followeth:
Tav-
death,
funerall.
part of
and
this is to
make
But a
in his
name.
me
theame of sad
interest. th'
comedie
story
o'
is
Anothe' history
to
all
Time's blindnesse.
strange plainnes
In
th'
play
we
o' th'
utter each
spirit
its
true,
made bold
no
spirit
enough to reveal in
Queene.
His
life
is
forfeit
it
mine
it
much
more
since she
it is
my
mother; yet
besides
more
vailed
by
my
is
pen-names.
told twice as
The
Armado
formeth
now
in your hand)
and part of
my
Cipher)
(also
Love's Labor's
200
work,
once
with
my
my
devices.
this
As
time,
know by
dramas or
my own
long devis'd
a
then
taste
for I varied
th'
my
men,
no two shew
same
and
like imagination,
and
all
doth containe
th' great
Cypher I
constantlie teach,
although I
part which
may
is
among
a great
not of
secrets
nature of most
is
histories,
but
revealeth
many
and
when
tales
a guard so
hemmeth up
th'
harie.
These true words would cost us dearly, were one of th' * so much, even, as whisper'd in some willing eare;
and
justice,
yea
honour
also,
we
and thus
disguised, leave
them
adown Time's
great rolling
rive'.
We
still
to
may wrap
Time may One doth
my
th'
life of
earth.
when the light from th' Eternall Throne doth fall on him, but we would leave a name and a work men must honour.
'Tis th'
me woo
to
weave dramas,
to delve
philosophic.
*Two Gentelmen
of Verona.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
201
And
'tis
off in
Fame sound
at this time;
and there
that
against th'
th'
doom
o'
oblivion,
strike,
whom
all
Prince
o'
Wales
which was
my
stile
in truth
many
a day rightlie
my
owne.
afterwards
And
availe.
Too
late it
no words
clayme
death
that
our witnesses
to bring in a
my
about.
F.
BACO'.
can read
th' plain
marks plac'd in
th'
can write
he that heedeth
o' th' rules,
my Cypher plays and th' stories; but my signes lesse, can onlie work out part
work.
suggestions in your
difficult taske
an outline of
minde
you have a
where I
make
men are led astray, reasoning in my minde in this waye: Hee who seeth th' signes must mark some significance or designe, but most men will suppose this to rest entirely
in the
marks and
will
finde nothing;
while
my
more
o'
my
202
directions, will
of mark'd
other
eies.
letters in
As some
you are
to decypher.
There are
five
Histories as foUowes:
of Essex,
The Life o' Elizabeth, The life The White Kose o' Britaine, The Life and Death of Edward Third, The Life of Henry th' Sevent; five Tragedies: Mary Queene o' Scots, Robert th' Earle o' Essex, (my late brother) Robert th' Earle o' Leicester (my late father). Death o' Marlowe, Anne BuUen; three Comedies: Seven Wise Men o' th' West, Solomon th' Second, The Mouse-Trap. The kei6s and th' arguments do not follow at this
point, but are given elsewhere.
and a
history,
prose
commixt with
verse,
Englishmen whose
ours.
degree affected
list is
see B. I. et csetera
you have
so lately found.
Also a
which are in
life in its
th'
Erench language,
and in
is
tell a
tale of
love
when
sweetlie to
mine
eare,
and yet
heard.
F.St. A.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
needeth a patient hand,
203
still
we
trust th'
Our
its lines
is
hand
my
Cypher
historie
which was to
me
my
sorrowe,
my
Yet
a certaine
degree of sadnesse
desir'd
to th'
young
pleasurable,
by no means
list
******
so
and I
This
we have
wrapt
up
we
my memorie while
it
in like degree.
To me
than
all
it
will
be
and yet
is
farre
more
reall
things
else.
When
be completed, a
written.
little
may be
It
is
is
in
It
th'
is
same keys
dange' of
but
making
poems.
this othe'
then
we
plann'd
book of French
then a drama,
at th'
Scots,
Court of France,
which
is
folowed
by anothe' drama.
Taming of the Shrew,
Work
first style
204
make
out
my
long
list
of th' histories.
P. B.
^Any
you
will
now work
somewhat
out.
name
it is
like Charitie.
all this
in order
a supposition very
as masks.
improbable
you
know
the
names chosen
it,
or, as it is
usually giv'n,
my
name' on
the
least,
of
few works
beare th'
name
th'
o'
my
use
friend,
Ben
Jonson
Cypher.
work
will
be
so
my newe writings are lost no part o' my Cypher greatly injured as Homer, or my bolde,
to
make
it
A
are
not well
many
o' th'
other writings
things,
preventing
by
this
You
my
our exterior
it is
often difficult
if
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
all
205
merit whether
I have said
may
But
times
words
many
As
this play
is
now
studied with
new
upon
rules for
it
my
are
Cypher work, I
improve.
plac'd here,
am
assured progress
may
truly
names
as
my
owne
as to
most
men
am known
title
doth
Bacon
of Great
earlier
My
true
sheweth in
^Francis First,
King
or in playes of a
somewhat
Eliza-
since
I be
was
death of
Elizabeth,
consider' d
my
who
was
as she wish'd to
a strong
land,
and me.
will
like
Her
of
all
stem
yore, but she was vain withal and loved th' admiration
visitors
* coming
for
t'
wooe.
commer)
turn'd
some reason
of
as
some heads, no
made
of impediments,
th'
Duke
Anjou
Roman
Catholicke
ill-starr'd
faire
Anne
306
[her]
not
life
a
is
main
curent.
It will be noted
when much
her whole
and grandsire.
Henry,
shew'd
it
lesse,
as it
owne waye, "Merry Harry," marke you, concealed some of it under a maske of good-nature. As this part may
soon be done I put
these comedies.
my
* *
word-keyes in
*
rest o'
With
cypher'd.
is
to
be de-
work
will be
is
made
easier.
This part
it
is
o'
my
charge to you
oft
repeated since
of prime importance,
and a
prope',
able vertues of a
Cypher
reader.
Assuredly
th'
work that
would not
we have
spent
all th'
Some do
overhung
not fully
life at th'
know
birth
o'
th'
imminent
perill that
my
my
and
title
bee publisht
if
if
not
disguis'd.
Hence,
the decyphere'
me,
it
will never
my
owne.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
all th'
207
Xone
is
able to put
if
he bee uninstructed.
faithfull interpreter.
It
is
have not
my
We
upon
dark
its
this play as
we
shall
much
in
my owne
and thus
needes think of
it oft,
my
And
th' scenes
do shew
th'
o' th'
heart
within them
to
th'
my
soul
it
lent
shew
t'
by experiment.
He
asseo-
to cavil, or
mee
great
my
work.
work
in fewe yeares,
work of such
a difiicult nature
that no one
work now, to taxe your most subtile wit and penetration, and should not further
take th' time required to complete our work.
Two
comedies
we
lists
nam'd,
many
th'
storie
of
my
Men
of th' West,
all th'
men
nam'd
nam'd
one
Solomon
Second.
They
are
i'
th'
(Tale of Troy
&
208
You
can
now without
come-
dies that
All
th' keies
and
and
fine a
manner
that
to apply yourselfe
and persevere.
The
work
is
that are prepared and polished for th' builder, aye, and
If care be taken
it
work.
my
devices, also
vertues
in
decipherer.
And
as I
keep the
future ever in
my
my
reward, not to
off,
my
when
all
th'
Ages
Truth
farre
at
come forth
aside, as Lazarus,
when he heard
arose.
ALBA'.
Do
my
blood too.
wrathfull
we are kin and we are of royal Our lofty aym hopes by a new sorrow and Erinnys frighted then shewed duty how
much
there
is
to winne.
*Henry the Sixth, Part
I.
Winter's Tale.
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
as of old,
209-
Crownes must be
attended, or
some wild
rout, waiting in
ambush Rapin's
th' glory
them meerely
desolatio'.
This
is
empty headed
tools
do ought but
Th'
that of
my
brother Essex.
might do
his bidding
abilitie
meerely
of their
power or
it
that
was
th' limitt
his plann.
Had
th'
occur onely
when
Queene'&
my
th'^
full
and
work'd
may
though
much
pri-
we saw not
as a gentleman^
the-
is
Devereux.
In
did
know
life,
he-
("SAhen
310
ingenious father,
e'en a jealousy
o'
whom
some
an
evill sprite
much
troubled
o' th'
veaFd
time
it
young
life
Csesar.
And
much
in th' after
from
it.
Our fountain
Ev'n
i'
o'
hath
earthie subspots,
stance.
fro' it
were slimy
and
slighte poyson,
which assuredly
o'
could
be
Sir
lesse
Francis
KnowUes
on the parte of
Anthony Cooke.
But
we
commingleth in an-
it
becometh pure.
To our mother
be traced
directlie,
is th'
shewed
to
a sudden calamity; but with sufficie't time given to deliberate, Essex, ev'n
more than
she,
o'
much
witt
their
When
t'
wills should
decide as
to the result.
o'
contest
fre-
much
plann'd,
as it
was more
th'
^therefore
peace
Such a
golden,
flitting
sunshine
is
sometimes
th' brighte',
more
faire
more
dazzling.
skies did
bend over
us,
th' tempest's
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
211
more
spirit of
th'
manner
pettie, or ev'n
dwarfed in
development.
who now
lions a
ears.
Among
mil-
Wanting
is
is
silence
a paine.
is
to
minde's recollection, in
my
evill that
marked
houres
all
our
first
oft to be
found out
live in
harmonic, hath
Those
very
still
my
first
But one
thing,
my
braine.
O,
many
Let light
guided through
me
to
unto
my
th'
rest.
Th' paine
memory
way,
is
of
my
hath
my
power
make
th' brightest
Saving
own
life in this
my
life
212
as I
my monument
up
to
men's
then marble
faire,
The workes I
attempts,
do,
mid rankes
of.
men
o'
my
times have
knowne
Indeed
may
th'
belief, since it
hand of but a
manner
knowne
it
to authours)
When
whom
is
shall beare more fruit then the penne of this truly noteall praise,
or that philosopher,
enough for
which
you
to acquainte all
o' th'
men
with so
much
truth,
simply use
time.
my
hand beginneth
your
"When you do
so completelie applie
it
your
and
attention,
to
owne
much
A
when
Cypher
historic is
my name
both busy publique men, and the idling, fawning, womanlike sorts that
is fill'd
Th' work
sometime appeare
to
you
distinct
warn our
at a
best friends
And
I some(if
times
am
come
most untimely
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
it
213
hath even
This then
now turned
is
th^
marking point
half
decades.
more then
century
justice.
laid
i'
th'
th'
cradle, nor
maturity
of
this
dearly
long
cherisht
dreame,
since
th'
promise
it
is
still
stronge' or truer
word
expectation.
Then,
th'
too,
sometimes
prize doth
bowe
doth give
course of
trust in th'
At
are
He
can, aye,
He doth,
Pisgah,
we draw
th' first
trembling breath.
Mark my word-key es
question, or
They
see,
are
any
is
othe'
th' in-
quiry I
make
shewn in
Shee
is
Should you
slily in,
now,
come
make sweete
th' con-
^whose assistance
think, or
truly no
way
so unnecessarie as
you must
at once.
Then
key for
my owne
To
it
must contain
latest
in
it
one page
of
my
which some
o'
my
214
Paris, with
or
title
make up
th' rest,
and
th'
are prepar'd.
intitl'd
Work them
out.
* In
my
work
now
is
con-
stone of Margaret's
life, as
Of
ill,
necesiity,
young
doth have
to
last
no
It
appertayneth
except
the
named.
The most of a play in this same name (Ge. Peele's), The Arraignment o' Paris, continueth th' stories o' Margaret's
manie
affaires
du
cceur,
times to
and keep
th'
Kemembe'
if
the Hiad
is
time
other
all th'
were decypher'd;
would
my
second taske be
and not
is
lesse pleasant.
It
apart,
a fine art
^this
o'
o'
keeping each
o'
these twain
nor losing
th'
rout
soldiers)
nor commixing
be conjoin' d,
hand:
skilfully joyn'd,
designe trac'd
by
th' master's
itselfe in this
must take
work
is
that
saw
th' light:
but no surer
is
honour
to the
name
th'
Coriolanus.
IN
assist as
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
th'
215
no one to ayde in
till
th'
end
o'
time.
fame
is
nearer
who hear
hasten
shore.
of this
work could
let so curious a
So
as
Rumour
doth
to
th'
houres
seem
o' it,
doth our
moment
ogniz'd
appear
th' jot so
minute
'tis
seldom
rec-
precious.
many
if
whole of
this
wayes and
me any
would
th' great
my newe
workes.
This plann
it
must
quiet
all
doubt of
my
taste.
much
to a
work of
so secret
you
to bee
most
dilligent
till
all
bee finished.
*At
first
my
be publish'd openly.
This did so
theme was
216
entrusted to
possessed
me, nor
me
day or night
untill I took
up
againe
th'
work I love
so fondly.
Some
school verses
went
deeme
them good
worthie
o'
preservation in
my
truly precious
Even
my
as
translations of
as well
many more
th'
my
Cypher;
and
waye
Yirgill's
Most
o^
i'
th'
work and
my
and if you turne it againe into prope' measure, eyther you must sacrifice th' sound or wrest the thought; and th' exact words are often wanting to voyce its wondrous language.
It
is
sounding numbers.
o' th'
^on
Regarding
all
we must honor
it
among
Latine
poems, but
it
immortal youth.
In a play
th^ reall,
is
is
You
see a battaile
and hear
th*
you
feel
how
IN
SHAKESPEARE PLAYS.
217
he
tri-
by umpht over
sitteth
and Agamemno'
Hion.
In
great
this short
poem
of which I speake.
this
numerous
fect Iliads.
L.
VBRULA'.
KOBEET
BUKTO]N'.
ANATOMY OF MELANCHOLY.
1628.
Now
as to
my
so
necessarie to alter
and
doth contain
it
now
a verie dif-
ferent story,
my
third edition.
we put
out
now
when
th'
two Latine
my
first
left untill
the
may
bee deciphered
shall be finisht.
at
once
And you
historic, to
should make
foUowe
closelie
my
rules,
my
this
doth teach,
t'
my
onely interprete',
th' other
important Cyphe'
lost,
Let not
218
my
work be
for
'tis
of
IN
importance to
ANATOMY OF MELANCHOLY.
besides yourselfej
it.
319
many
and no
historie
may
be complete without
my
decypherer's,
when
am
resting
from
my
which I have
Therefore
and
most ready ^
it
now
I must leave
in
my
my
lie
in
embryo
longer, but
come
when
th'
unto
th' day.
Study
to ayd,
Under much
search of
th'
many
have
As hath been
telling
said,
much
his
may
first
Odysseus,
worthie
adventures.
Th'
nam'd
my
th'
my
it is
all
though
his wits
lanta's heeles.
l^ext
we
see Virgill,
and
close
In
I have approacht
my
modell
closelie,
and yet
it
doth ever
seem beyond
my
attainment.
Here
and sundry
examples of
our
Bi-literall Cipher.
220
ARGUMENT OP THE
ILIAD.
Th.'
Gfeekes maintain'd
th' city or
th' siege of
without taking
from Prince
full
Paris,
who had
said,
with her
his
th'
mad deed
with
equall spirit,
In
meantime many
campe of
th'
Greekes, both
Agamemnon
daughter to Apollo's
is
Chryses.
In
th'
first
booke Achilles
introduced
very
angry,
as
work
is
may
be seene in
poem, which
Of
worthy sonne.
all
Nor was
his
learned unto
th' vaste
their sorrowe.
For
th' priest
Chryses came to
Then
all
th'
saying:
"DeliA^er
this
daughter
Apollo be
th'
ransomes
However,
to
Agamemnon
caused sore displeasure, nor could priest nor people perset th'
suade him to
mayden
at libertie,
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
231
man
evilly,
it
bidding
him depart
precipitatelie lest
he should abide
along
to his cost.
And
resounding
many
a prayer
and
man
and
his
voyce
was heard.
Th' god in anger sent his arrows into the Grecian campe,
killing at first onely dogs
last
he aim'd
For ten
on his errands
slaine war-
of
riours,
piles cease
from
and
day
to
Achilles then
summoned a
tell
councill,
th'
ment
inflicted
upon
it,
the
Grecian
he
be
couragious to declare
whereupon he
her father,
said, it
non had
maid
Chrisei's to
when he came
fillets,
recompence.
altercation hotly rag'd 'twixt Achilles
Thereupon an
his
and
sent
Agamemnon
to
Chiiseis to her father, but immediately requir'd his heralds to go to th' tent of Achilles
bring Achilles'
to
Soe
plaintive
was
nymphe
where she
flowe'
sat
by
th' side of
her
as
some blooming
to
upon
its
stalk,
and
made
effort
comfort th'
222
goe to Olympus,
when Jove
belov'd people
th' feet of great
th'
bee given
to
th'
th'
Greekes should
hee deserv'd.
th' twelf e day, faire Thetis arose
Upon
from
th'
morning of
th' sea
top,
sitting aparte upon th' highest peake, she twined one arme
th' god,
put up
th' other
if eve'
hand
to lifte
that she
by
pleasure,
all th'
her request be
Greekes.
To
this
by
a nod.
But Juno
jealous manner,
Then her
averted
sonne, Yulcan,
in
th'
soothed
her
and
calamitie
heafens.
II.
Jove had no
rest; sleepe
all
night
dream
to
Agamemnon
dream
of victories
unayded by
Achilles.
went out
temper
ARGUMENT OF THE
rmich eloquence to
depart.
ILIAD.
223
all
tume
aside or send
back
who would
Thereupon
all th'
Agamemnon,
who
in
Argos and
soe
awaited their
comming, and
th' cry,
moved them
that as one
man
they echoed
"Let us retume."
Th' dust
like
as th'
smoke
rising
th'
them
main, and
all
Some seize th' ships to drag make ready with tumulte that
great quest,
o'
th'
Descendstarre,
ing
th' heights of
proud Olympus
like
summer
hull'd ships.
Recognizing
th'
voyce of
him
non and
Then he
quicklie
th' scepter
and cease
their tumult.
to goe once
more
Hee
alone,
much
224
his
toward them
his
that Ulysses,
resenting
severely,
that
dishonour to
th'
Generall, reprov'd
as a rod, smiting
him
th' scepter
him
came up
restraining all further speaking, hee took th' seate th' wise
Then
all th'
people
dispute
among
th'
Princes was
he divide
bade
th'
armie into
tribes,
to strengthen
th' other.
memnon
make
and
th'
campe
as they prepar'd
meal.
he bade
th'
wise Ulysses,
When
heralds and
summon
and
th'
armie to
th' plain to
prepare th'
hosts to battell,
to
by
th'
tribes.
^^gid
ARGUMENT OF THE
Then she passM
rememberVl
breasts
conflict
ILIAD.
hosts
225
to
th'
and arranged
they
battell, so that
Their
That daie Jove rendered Atrides conspicuous among more, even, then his wont, moving heroes, and glorious,
th' shippes:
fif tie
sable shipps.
hillie
Eteon or
who came
Harma, Heleone
ever rise; those
by
its
springs that
who dwelt
in loftie
Medeon and
in Ocalea;
Erythrse;
Glissa
in
greens
in rich
Ame,
Anthedon upon
th' farthest
bound
o'
farre distant
comming from
fertile
Orchomenus and
led
Then came
th'
trophus and Shedius from the faire land where th' Cephisus
236
floweth;
and
from Anemoria, Daulis and farre off Pytho', or Cyparissus and Lilsea. Their fortie shippes ranged close upon the left
of th' Boeotians.
A
us;
Locrian squadron,
stood; or in well-wooded
th' lesser
Tarphea,
or
^led
by Oileus
was
sonne,
full forty
vessels in
number.
l^ext
in
Euboea,
These, led by
by Menes^
who
th'
troopes
to
command.
Next came
from ^igina,
th'
on
th' cliffs,
and
With them
fol-
And
next came
Mycenae,
or
Hyperesia;
or in
Gonoessa.
These in a
th' generall,
them foorth
ARGUMENT OF THE
And
next was Menelaus,
ILIAD.
227
Ms
brotlier,
who commanded
those
or in
sea.
who
With
th'
Then
Amphigenia
and Arene
^where loftie
also;
Muses
in musick,
by
th'
scom'd
Muses,
who,
furious,
him
With him
sail'd
ninety vessels.
Th' Arcadians,
^those
whose
territory lay
under
loftie
Tegea; in Stymphalus,
lofty cliffs; in
pleasto
by Agaacrosse
memnon.
the sea.
Of
th'
them
Then
clime,
Epeans followed,
they
that inhabited
the
Hyrmina, Myrsinus,
and where
th'
famed Olenian
rock,
fleets
Alisium flowed).
In four separate
vessels.
Amphim-
acus led one, Thalpius th' second, Diores th' third, and
Polyxenus
iN'ext,
th' last.
iles
228
led
by Meges,
th'
sonne of Phyleus, a
fled
greatly loved.
He
from
his sire to
Dulichium.
him
E^ext
came
With him
and
rises,
Cephalenians
those dweling
upon
whose
Calydon,
from
rugged Pylene
Andraemon's eldest
These
^led,
be-
With
these
went
Close
see
Idomeneus leading
th'
command by
and
Gortyna,
from
a hundred
From
Isle
in Lindus,
with
those
from Camirus.
For Tlepolemus
from
farre
grew up
to
manhood
owne
however, he
many
that were
o'
his
rude
the deepe.
And
after
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
229
gifts.
Xext came Nireus, whom th' nymph Aglsea bore to bold Charopus. He was the fairest of all th' Greekes who came
to Ilion (excepting th^
Next came
thirty vessels
from
th'
lies of Calydnse,
(th' citty of
Eurypylus),
led on
Then
fifty
strong shippes,
o'
^from
women; th' vales of Phthia; from Trachyn and Alope, were commanded by Achilles. Now hee sitteth by the blacke shippes and will not come
to the field,
whom
hee
th' citty
and
Xext came
th'
Antrium, where
th'
those
hills.
blacke ground
Hee was
to th' shore
th'
first
of th'
sprang
reach'd,
and
fell
beneath
a Phrygian lance.
Their
numbered
where
lieth
Lake Boebe
sonne of Alceste,
who
among
Pelias' race.
230
or farre distant
rise;
Thaumacia, where
Melibcea
from grassy
Philoctetes,
and
Pella,
were
commanded by
made up
faire
shippe, (sev'n
made
of
whom
hydra had
bitten, lay
groaning in Lemnos
but the
Grecian army shall yet desire him, and their wish shall
be fuimrd.
Th' QEchalians
leaders,
those divine
Machaon,
reigned,
shippes.
came
where
Eurytus
once
rocks, in thirty
Next Eurypylus
bands in forty
led
th'
Ormenian and
th'
th'
Asterian
vessels,
from
Hyperia
flow.
Then
Elone,
they
dwelt
or
beneath
or
Olympus' benignant
the
shadowe;
Gyrtone,
Orthe,
chalky
cliffs
of
th'
fro'
Pelion)
commande.
Then came
twenty shippes.
th'
black water over the Peneus; but they float on his surface
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
231
Magnesians,
pine-crown'
his
Pelion;
Peneus roU'd
waters
fleet.
Th' inquiry
swiftest
bravest,
and whose
th'
steeds?''
answer'd
thus:
Eumelus' mares of
(by level
o' th'
plumb-line),
wind
waye: they
thuuder'd ore
to th'
th' plain
Troyans and
None can
th'
ev'n hope
to escape
who
fall
Among
warriours
to
Ajax
Hion,
was
th' worthiest.
Of
all
the G-reekes
who came
th' hosts
upon the
the
field of battaile,
would he enter
fed upon lotus, wilde parsley, et csetera, while their chief es,
wandering through
th'
They swept on like to earthrdevouring fire and beneath them th' ground shook; (when Jove smiteth th' earth in Arimse by Typhoeus, where it is said Typhoeus' tomb is
found, even thus doth the ground tremble and shake;) and
verie swiftlie they rushed along th' plaine.
But Jove
th' gates of
whom
at
Polites,
who
232
watcli
o'
ment
might
wame
migbtie Troy
"Wby
number
shore.
is
sit
ye talking idly at
tb' gates?
Prepare your-
upon
tb'
it
Hector,
you I would speake: hasten to arme Troyes boldest warriours and her allies, and let every chiefe command
to
those
o'
his
owne
countrie, for
many and
Then
Like
a
all th'
Hector knowing
they
poured
tribes,
forth
from
tb'
gates,
gathering
by nations and by
all
round that
loftie
mound
in the plain,
men
call'd Batiea,
but by immortalls
known
Then
plume on Hector's
crest,
higher then
mightiest of the
The
bore
Ida.
brave ^neas,
origin.
him
to Anchises
command
skill'd in all
kinds of derring-do.
came Pandarus, sonne to Lycaon, to whom Apollo gave tb' silver bowe and well pointed shafts that he bore. All these dwelt 'neath sacred Mount Ida, and
Prom
Zeleia
tb'
brow of
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
233
doom; but a
them
to their destruction.
led those
who dwelt
by
silve'
Sestos
by flowing
Selleis.
The Pelasgians (much skilled in th' use of th' who inhabited fertile Larissa, were led by th'
and bold Pylseus.
spear),
valiant
th'
Oeas,
to
to
And
These dwelt
his banks.
Amidon, where
th'
Axius overfloweth
Th' Paphlagonians,
from
fast
by Parthenius'
these were
th'
Then from
ores,
famed mines
Next Chromis
by
th'
by
th'
sword of Achilles at
th' river.
called
Phrygians)
234
and Antiphiis
did
^bome by Lake
whom
Mesthles
Gjgsea to Talsemseneus
command.
The Caiians
built Miletus,
Mycale or
well-
sonnes of I^omion,
who
foolish
went
nor did
th'
hand of
sonne of
^acus and
his-
body
fell into
his.
armor possesse
a trophie.
Lycia af arre.
III.
When
array, th'
therefore
they
battaile
make
in Asian fields
by
th'
water
when
th' intolerable
winter
is
over,
and
flight to
other climes
is
and
evill to th'
each other.
Then
to
as a
night,
dust arise
th'
sandy plaine.
th'
When
ARGUMENT OF THE
whoever was
single combat.
th' bravest of
th'
ILIAD.
to
235
Greekes
meet him in
Then Menelans
an
by hunters and hounds, hee greedily devoureth) thinking to be aveng'd upon th^ guilty wretch, and straightway with
his
arms he leapt
to th' ground.
Then
upon
th'
mountayn
and
this
"Thou woman
seducer,
light, or that
per-
As thou hast a noble forme, the long-haired Achseans may laugh at this, for doubtlesslie they suppos'd thee brave, when thou hast neithe' heart nor anie nerve, but
art indeed onely a disgrace to thy father, to
also
thy
city,
and
to
thyseKe.
how
brave a
man
is
hee whose
dost possesse.
Troyan men,
forsooth, are
But Alexander
unjust,
is
not
my
brother,
whose
(for as
the ax cleaveth
doth also increase greatly th' strength of th' arme that doth
wield
it,
is
on
my
accompt that
so
many
Trojans
commande
and Trojans be
336
seated,
and
that,
and in
th'
midst will
contend
with Atrides; and hee that shall bee victorious shall possesse
both the
woman and
th'
the treasure."
Trojan
darts
lines;
made ready
this,
and stones
him.
ing:
But seeing
Agamemnon
all
restrained
them
say-
riours!
come
to propose
something?"
his pui'pose
knowne, and
all
Then Menelaus
doth concerne
said:
me
above
others:
let this
be done as
Hector hath
come,
it is
said,
well;
other, let
him receyve
But before
done, separate th' Achaeans and th' Trojans, and let lambs
bee brought
a white one
and a blacke
also
and
to
th'
send a herald to
Further-
may make
and
and where an
is
man
is,
there
is
wisedom
there also
justice
man
judgement
is
just as
Then
and
th' horse
th' warriours,
ground and
sat
downe.
sent forth
two heralds
to bring
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
237
Nor
for
did
Atrides disregard
th'
command
of his
brother,
he
lamb, to offer unto Jove; and hee did not disobey Atrides.
Then
Iris
And
many
weaving
rich
web
for mantles,
it
double
tissue,
and
resplendent, and on
Troyans and of
th'
well-greaved
Greekes,
that on her
and thus
addrest her:
"Come
ans,
with
lie
brazen-mayl'd Greekes, in
th'
th' warre.
Their
ceased,
armes
upon
now
to
for Mars-beloved
in th' midst,
contend
and thou
him
former
home.
a tende'
tear,
Priam and
and Hicetaon
of
Mars)
with
Ucalegon and
good
voyces.
When
it
up beheld
faire
Helen
^^I
hold
much
many
lives for
Helen's sake,
so faire a
238
ladle's sake.
worthely prolonged.
Yet, althougli
woman
were a goddesse,
more grievous
to us,
and a perpetuall
disgrace to ourselves
him
saying:
"Come
here, dear
daughter, and sitting here beside me, thou maist looke upon
Thou
name
for
me
So gracefull
is,
indeede,
"Belov'd and
my
home and
countrie,
my
brothers,
my
my
But such
was not
will I
mine:
Yet
name
Agamemnon,
as a
Atreus' sonne,
great both as a
good king.
More-
still
admiring Agamemnon:
"O happie
manie
command.
When
I came
and god-like
Mygdon, by the Sangarius standing beside their horses, going out against those man-opposing Amazons (for I was
an
ally in that warre) a
Greekes."
ARGUMENT OF THE
Kext perceaving
ILIAD.
239
man
said:
"Now
name this hero, my dear daughter, whose arms lie on th' ^ound, while, as a thick-fleec'd aries 'midst th' flocke of
snowy sheepe, he windeth in and out among the
I^sTot
troopes.
so tall
is
And Helen, sprung from heaven-ruling Jove, replied: "Now this againe is Laertes' sonne, scheming Ulysses, from
rugged Ithica, verie subtile in reason, like unto the gods
in counsell."
To her Anthenor
for long ago he
said:
"Very true
is
thy word,
lady,
genius of both.
shoulders.
to
harangue the
th'
ground, stood
to speake,
and words
like
wintry flakes
at th' appear-
from
his lippes,
th' old
man
asked:
"Who
th'
this other
Achaean hero in
th' host,
taller
by
head
seest,
And Helen
other side,
answer'd:
"This then
is
mighty in
battaile:
among
240
to a god, wldle
the Cretans.
sea-waird Lacedaemon,
when
But two
my
horse-
broth-
whom my mother
at a single birth
me.
hang over
me.'^
But already
Within the
goblets
them
in farre
was ignorant.
brought two golden
and
by Priam
said to
him:
th' horse-tray ning Trojans,
"The chiefes of
and of
th'
Por Alexander
is
about
to fight
th'
woman
and
th'
with
all th'
upon
th' con-
Greekes retume
to pastorall
fam'd because of
many
fayre dames."
Thus he
man
then mounting
hastilie,
drew backe the reines but Anthenor tooke place beside him,
and very swiftly did they passe over the plaine, and come
betweene Trojans and Greekes.
Whereupon Agamemnon
Then
Atrides drew th' dagger at his side, cut off the haire from
the foreheads of th' lambs, distributed
it
'mongst them
all,
ARGUMENT OF THE
and stretching forth
his
ILIAD.
241
and those
men who
are deceased
swome
league.
let
falsely
If,
beare
th'
let
they
all
on
Menelaus,
and
If,
shippes.
shall
haired Menelaus
pay a
fine such as
all posterity.
may
seeme
if,
just,
approved of
der's fall,
fine,
But
th' fine,
and remaine
With
from
these words
Agamemnon
lambs, bending back their necks; also they poured out wine
th' goblets,
"O
all
ye othe'
may
wife
may
be
by other men."
th' praiers offer'd,
Thus were
but
th'
sonne of Satume
Then Priam
spake:
my
all
retume
immortal gods
knowe
whom
th' fate of
ordained."
243
Thereupon lie ascended his chariot, and beside him Anthenor mounted, and they returned to Illium, bearing
the lambes.
Then
But
th'
god-like Hecto'
cast
ground.
"0
we
suffer,
may
enter the
Thus they
leaped out.
spake,
th'
husband of goldeneFirst,
th' corslet of
his brothe'
Lycaon, for
his
silver,
by
th'
middle.
from eyther
side
th'
Then
and
it
Alexander
first
threw
th'
long-shadow'd
it
speare,
force of th'
to
blow.
Thereupon Atrides
made ready
hurl his
ARGUMENT OP THE
"O
ILIAD.
Grant that I
soe avenge th' injury done unto me, that to future gen-
erations
toward
may warn men not to use treacherous dealings one who hath made them guests, enteftayning them
it
hospitably."
his speare;
th'
and the
soft tunicke
richlie
ornamented
helmet
it fell
upon
on
th'
ground.
And
"O
balefull Jove,
none
is
Ev'n
th'
as I
wicked
my
from
my
hand in vaine,
my
strong sword
broken in
pieces,
it,
who broke
skin
[band]
th'
of a
roughlie slaughter'
This
th'
who
taking
it
up rejoyc'd
greatly,
and ranne
for-
ward
to seize him.
him with a
cloud, carried
th'
But Yenus rescued him, overshadowing him to Troy, and gentlie set
perfum'd chamber.
244
to
ago known.
The
old
woman had
when
her.
at
is
in
his
and attyre; nor wouldst thou say hee was come immediately
repose."
now
be
doe?
me
may
inhabited
is
by men
Or
indeed
it
me home,
th'
a reproach to Trojan
th'
women evermoe?
fairs
Go, leave
path of
gods upon
Olympus;
sit
beside him, so
may
a consort, or
alas, shall
make
thee a
But
I,
my
soule."
hastily
replied,
With
being
"Wretch, provoke
me
not, least I
may
and
hate as heretoleast I
th'
might,
to be rife
among
Trojans
and
th'
Greekes.
th'
Then
Thus
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
245
waye.
And when
they were
part,
come
into
th'
lofty
on their
their tasks;
th'
daughter of ^gis
bearing Jove,
thus
:
averting
her eyes,
'Thou
band,
art
field:
Menelaus
o'
have I known
age, strength,
and handling
But I would
least
by
th' speare
of faire-haired Menelaus."
But
reproach
th'
''"Woman,
evill
me
nor agitate
my soule
with thy
words.
By
also
th'
quer'd; but I in turn shall vanquish him, since th' gods are
with
us.
But come,
let
now doth sweet love fill my thoughts, even more then when I first brought thee away from pleasant Lacedaemon, when in th' island of Cranae wee were mingl'd in love.
Come
Thereupon he ascended
and Helen
346
they hated
him
and paie
all
which
shall be
remembered by
our posterity."
And
all
IV.
th'
with Jove.
Hebe,
each othe',
cups,
looking
Trojans.
"Two
Juno
apart
with Minerva
Alalcomenae.
sit
othe',
consulte
Yenus even now rescued him with a cloud. But come, let us whether wee will renew th' conflict, or promote
covering
th' friendship
parties;
now
rest."
which
displease
is
render
my
even
made
my
and bring
evills to
Priam and
his sonnes."
To
her Jove
replie:
ARGUMENT OP THE
"Strange one!
ILIAD.
247
Wliat
evills
him?
Fain wouldst
his sonnes,
thyselfe.
Priam and
satiate
may
my
unto thee,
now
freely yield
^least
this
be a cause of
are
strife or
contention
Jbetweene us.
in
most estim'd by
me
my
my
altars
never lack'd a
sacrifice or
And Juno
"Three
answer'd:
are most dear unto mee, Argos, Sparta,
shalt desire to
it
citties
strife
come betweene
us.
Whence
banded,
am
th'
am
very venerable, and thou rulest amongst Let us then duely make concessions
immortalls.
I
to
to
th'
may
to the league."
Thus she
obey.
Instantly he
to
may
be reneVd conflict."
248
And Minerva
To mariners and
on
th' deepe.
And
their ranks.
Or doth
Greekes
And
Thus did they speake; But liken'd to Anthenor's mighty sonne, She sought brave Pandarus amidst the band
That followed him from
th'
^sepus' streams;
in
winged words:
sonne.
Hang idly. Thou a bitter shaft wouldst aime At Menelaus, winning endlesse fame. And thanks and favoure, golden gifts as rare As prince or king can offer unto one
Whom
he delights to honour,
^for
indeed
Brave Menelaus
Come now,
ARGUMENT OP THE
Into their midst, and
ILIAD.
249
So saying,
his
goat's
branching horns
was
Once from
Lying in
the
ambush on
th'
mountayn
side,
wait, he
Proudlie uplifted, as
bounding goat
There clear he saw't
Emerged
to the light.
pierce,
And
on
th' rocks
became
Did bend.
th'
ground,
And from
By
his
companions,
lest th'
watchfull Greeks
his life.
slaine,
The
leader brave of
all
hand did
moment,
In swift
Had
Ev'n
as a watchfull
mother
Would brush
250
And
little
Yet did
its
And
Were
Then
sacred Styx.
And
When Agamemnon
Gushing from out
Lamenting
loud, Atrides'
hand he
grasp'd.
And
Lamented
"My
beloved brother,
By
Alone thou
Greekes
Through Trojan
treacherie.
Already
is
his
While wee retume, disgrac'd, to our faire land Beyond th' sea. For if, indeed, our leader
Fall
by
tK'
hands of Trojans, or
allies.
home and
fatherland;
to our foes.
shippes.
ARGUMENT OF THE
Then
will
ILIAD.
tliat host,
251
Agamemnon
Yainly
ever
his fleet
he led
In empty
vessells,
When
may
Ope wide
to swallow
me."
But brave
Marking
'*Let
Atrides,
Goveme
it,
For
wound must
tum'd
be.
Of many
Th' pointe
To him
"So
may
thy words
Be
thy
life for
aye!
But forthwith
will
we
wound
will probe
And draw
th'
^sculapius
*
He
Of Trojan archers, or of Lycian, To whom 'tis glorie, but to ns ^ griefe, Hath wounded with an arrow. Bid him come,
And
th'
eager hosts
By him
ranks
Of
The
grieving souldiers.
From
bitter
off;
Next hee
th'
And And
wound
Meanwhile, across
th' plaine,
Then would you not surprise brave Agamemnon, l^or see him hesitate nor shunne the fight;
But hastening
forth, hee
bade Eurymedon,
With
steeds
Hee might gaine respite. Many hurried on; To these he spake swift words of cheer, thus
"Argives!
saying:
For Jove
bee
th' abettor;
The
ARGUMENT OF THE
To cormorants.
Ay, and
ILIAD.
253
their wives
and children
And
first
As we
Triumphant conquerours.
Then
lie
And
all
that
mighty band,
lowe
th' dust."
But when he found a soldier loytering. Or any that would shrink backe from the fight. To these in wing'd words spake he: "Arrow fighters,
then
all
As
if there
Will ye awaite
Trojan hosts
Draw nigh with fire, and all the Rhetsean shore. Where lie your shippes, to ashes shall bee tum'd, That ye may knowe what is th' will of Jove,
Whether he over you
will stretch
an arm?"
pass'd,
and came at
Where
And
At
all
254
have in truth
To
thee,
O Agamemnon,
ever beene
ally,
And
But do thou
now
treacherous
army
Mighty
Atrides,
much
rejoyc'd in heart
At words
Ajaces he stood.
And
Most
round about
foot-souldiers, tall,
were throng'd
goatherd spieth,
Dark
I
to
fury lasheth;
And
I
In
upon
th'
mountayne
side,
lie,
Where
The phalanxes acrosse th' waste did move, With spears and shields that bristled like a wood.
When
Spake
!
in heart rejoycing:
"Ye
111
would become
my
state.
Well do I know
th' fight.
Would,
And
'
Then might we
its
see
bending to
ruin,
And
in the dust."
ARGUMENT OF THE
Heere
ceas'd his speecli,
ILIAD.
255
still
standing,
Hee
And
The PyKan
sire,
Surrounded by
To
who was
th'
shepheard of
th' people,
To hear With
mark how
skilfullie
first,
Th' horsemen
Most brightly burnished, and pawing steeds; The sturdy foot, like soKd wall of stone,
Guarded
th' reare;
while
i'
Were
held, that,
by the rushing
on unto the
of warriours
Resistlessly swept
fray.
They needes must mix with Troyans, and must fight Or bee cut down. Having accomplisht this. The aged sire address'd them in swift wordes:
"Let no
man
Hee hath
0' mightie
And
with
th'
For thus
th'
men
of former times.
And overtume
skill'd
th'
warres; to
him
Atrides:
And
might equall
to the heart
Within thy
alike to all.
And
And
Thus
did he speake.
now
I could again
my
prime I slew
One Eruthalion, feel in hands and arms. But never all their glorious giftes to men
Doe
th'
If then, in youth
And
I
now
olde age
But, even
n(3Hv,
much
desire to aide
men
with
my counsel,
And
I see
When,
I leave
them
men
th' shield
and spear."
spake.
Thus Nestor
To
Most
Sonne of Peteus,
who
Wee
Of
see, for
th' ayre,
And
ARGUMENT OF THE
Into
its
ILIAD.
267
turmoil.
o'
The Sonne
Rebuking
Speaking. to them
Why
Ye
To Ye
Th'
should be
when Trojan
hosts
draw nigh,
be invited,
when
it
th'
Greekes
banquet
to their chieftains
do prepare.
to sit there;
For
pleasant, then,
suit well
ye find
such
Th' meats
'Tis
tastes,
your delight
to quaffe."
To him
replying said:
"0 sonne
now,
o'
Atreus,
What
foolish language,
th' barrier
if
thou wouldst
I do,
sire
At the battell once take note whatere Thou wouldst not se Telemachus' bold
Shrink
fro' th'
when
spears do bristle
my
strong
arm
findeth
Work
But
When Agamemnon
That
stirr'd in
thus
knew
of the anger
He
hastily
speech
illy
descry,
my
ment
Doth crye
i'
mine, in thee I
rest,
And
Of
pray
th'
gods
t'
render
if
my
rude words
we
speake
With
Went
to that
The Sonne of Capaneus. These standing near As they beside their polisht chariots
Idly do wait, he, speaking swift reproof
"Why
'Not thus,
If haply yee
may
find
waye
of escape?
sire
Of former
And
Mycenae he did
enter, seeking
ayde
supplicate.
allies.
And
th' purpose,
Had Jove
ARGUMENT OF THE
Many Mycenseans had
But they
retiring
ILIAD.
came
Was
sent
upon a
distant embassie.
Many Cadmeans
at a feast
were found;
in every contest.
This enrag'd
them, going
leaders,
Meeon,
th'
brave sonne
fight,
And
last to leave
the
field.
Thereby
gods
And
sent
him home.
But he begat a
Thus did he
speake, and
Diomed was
still,
Who
"Lie not,
sonne.
To The truth right well to speak. [N'ever againe Compare us thus unto our ancestors.
Atreus, the divine, since thou dost
know
bee
Of
Unto
the
me
in the ranks
Of such men
as
But Diomed,
Sit
"0
Sthenelus,
my
friend,
thou down
silent
and obey
my
words.
'Tis surelie
His
honour
his.
When
him
Greekes
Thus he
spake,
And
From
leaped
down upon
How dread
Quake
The
stoutest heart
might well
as it heard.
As
With
may
see
Where one
Till,
They
foam white
as the
mountaine snows,
And
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
261
man
,
Possessed power of
human
Each
speech or thought,
So
In reverentiall awe.
commanded
led his
The
troops that
each
owne
sunne
While
unto a
flocke,
th'
waye
their
And
fill
th'
No two
From which
Minerva
they c^me.
Mars these
incited forth,
those inspired,
And
Th' homicide
she
And yet doth hide her head in mistie clouds, And while along the plaine they madly haste.
She
casts
That frightes
th'
Mixing
th' floods
From
When
armies joyn'd.
equall might;
Then might
of warriour
met an
Antilochns
slew Echepolus.
Upon
wrought
plates of brasse,
And
Now And
tower he falleth in
conflicte.
th' dust.
In that
Chief of
fierce
th'
Elephenor then.
But
Ev'n
this
Agenor,
th'
magnanimous, descrying.
heavie beam,
Aimed
at
him with
skill his
as the hero,
brazen shield.
At once
Then
most dreadfuU
conflict
And
As they had beene the wild wolves of the forest. each bore down his man. Then mightie Ajax,
to brave
Sonne
When, formerlie, his mother (following Her honor' d sire) descended downe Mount Ida, To beare her parents companie as they view'd
Th' assembled
flocks, there
Of Simois
And
ARGUMENT OP THE
But nere could
tie
ILIAD.
263
repay
th'
tender care
his
Ajaxsaw
forme
his speare.
As he
him with
th'
beam
And
pierc'd
him through:
seene
[N'ow
he
lieth
Low
some
Whose
For
wheel:
drieth.
Upon
bankes
it lies
and slowly
Of brave Anthemion
Sonne of Priam's
But hee
While Leucus
Strucke in
th'
fell,
groyne.
th'
Kusht through
Upon
th'
The Trojans backe recoyl'd as he drew near, And, when he hurl'd his massive brazen spear,
Th' foremost ranks broke in confusion;
meet
it:
nor was
it
in vaine
He
Democoon
Who
lately
came
kept.
fro'
Priam there
temple.
And
fell.
264
all
in
mad
pursuite;
From Pergamos, he
"Yee Trojan
Their flesh
shouted to
th'
Trojans:
warriors,
Mighty
to th'
Greekes
th' breast.
But
Diores, sonne to
Amarynceus
brave,
Upon
Th' leader of
stone,
t'
let
And
Yet Pirus
stayed not;
v
Hee still ran on and thrust him with Then all his bowels in his body brast. While darknesse vayFd his eyes.
^tolian Thoas,
his spear:
With fury
fierce
and
w^ild,
fell,
ARGUMENT OF THE
And, with
ILIAD.
365
Upon
Out Out
his lungs.
of the gored
And
Of
took
away
Because
A Thracian band,
At
point
that drove
him from
his prize
o' speare.
He
must he yeeld
Unto
How
And
Thus was
slain,
likewise, lying
low
i'
th' dust,
we
see
many more
lives
close by.
anie
man
behold that
And
Whether
who at a distance stood With sharp spears fighting, and escaped the blows, Or those who near at hand had yet not felt The piercing brasse, though in the fiercest strife,
Whom
by the hand
skilfullie averted
may one
tell.
Trojan knights.
upon the
by
side
266
work
is
hereafter
persew'd
after
the
originall
niodell,
The preceding
verses,
although more
memorie,
yet, also,
with a desire
which was
naturall
of
much
doth appear in
it
hath in
fitly
Your
part
is
to seeke it out,
and
much
patience and
skill.
In the
fift
book of
related,
this great
Diomedes be
who perform'd
field,
And Mars
likewise he
to
him both
mak-
starre, like-
two sonnes of
Yulcan's blamelesse
priest.
skill'd
upon Diomed
he stood alone
but with his javelin, hee thrust Phegeus downe and forc'd
him out
leapt
of his chariot.
th'
Then
harm,
downe from
protect the
body
at once bring
Yulcan,
ARGUMENT OF THE
mov'd
ering
witli compassio' to the old
ILIAD.
267
man, sav'd
him with
o'
a thicke cloud.
the sonnes
him upon
him
that 'twere
much
Jove might be
th'
Afterwards
th'
Greekes
turn'd
Trojans to
vioo'
Agamemnon,
Betweene
armes
mighty
spear,
Hodius, that
first
did turn.
th'
and pierc'd
his
re-
through his
brest.
With
a crash he fell
and
sounded loud.
Phaestus,
fertile
Mseonian Borus.
in the shoulder,
Him
as
wounded
when
he was mountseiz'd
So downe he
fell,
and darknesse
him
kill'd
Scamandrius, the
man.
him
fell
and
sharpe
point
So he
resounded loud.
th' artist
Harmon who
shippes
for
was
ing well.
'Twas he who
for
built those
268
but
most
to
by the
Meriones followed
and penetrated
He
rear'd
him
fully as her
own
her
husband.
Him
its
and the
point found
his
fell as
to
Evsemon,
kill'd
Hypsenor,
following
priest;
off his
heavy
gore.
As
it fell,
bloud-red Death
the sonne
o'
Tydeus,
to
Like a mountaine
tor-
fair
th' rain-storms of
and
overturne
many workes
When,
crooked
the field and driving the Troyans before him, hee drew his
at
ARGUMENT OP THE
thouglit to stay his course.
ILIAD.
26
The
swiftly that
The
shaft struck
side.
wounded
to the death
where
th'
of his heart,
steeds,
remained with
upon bold Sthenelus drew forth the arrow, and the blood
spurted through th' twisted mayle.
Then Diomedes prayed aloud to Pallas Minerva that she would ayde him in th' fight, if ever he or his sire, in former
times,
her.
granted.
Minerva
increast th'
might of
his soule
and body
their wont,
and
also
made
his eyes so
meet
her.
resembling,
as
heardsman
grazing
the
sheep
abandon'd,
soe
Diomedes,
aim an arrow
havocke among
th' Trojans.
270
Both
fear'd that
lie
their
sacrifices at
seene his shield, the oblong helmett which hee wore, and
in his
owne
minde
it
whom
that hee
of the immortalls,
would
hit
it
th'
chieftaines
the
sonne of
at
whom
much
with him
steeds
which he had
In
his
fire th'
crooked bowe, or
But ^neas reproved Pandarus, cheared up his heart, and stirred up his failing courage. Then together they bore
by
force.
Sthenelus,
them hastening
such unequall
conflict.
his heart.
With loud
threats,
Then
he, in turn,
hurFd
his
downe he
fell.
Then he
^neas
so that
he
fell
upon
Then would
ARGUMENT OP THE
not Yenus rescued
that no
ILIAD.
271
him and
cover'd
him
weapon could
th'
pierce.
Meantime
to the
strict
commands
that
Diomedes
laid
upon him.
But hee
who
In
truth, he
wounded her
and
downe
againe.
casting over
him a
cloud.
wound
called
for they eat not bread nor drinke darke wine, therefore
Yenus from
field,
the throng,
side of the
to
begg'd his
Yenus
Olympus.
Swiftly were
was heal'd
Yenu'
spirits,
she told
First,
Mars,
thirteen moneths;
then Juno,
Pluto, also.
Diomedes
be-
name
said
t'
Jove, trulie
it
dame among
Greekes,
whom
she
who were
her
them
dearly.
Meanwhile Diomedes
the' conscious
^neas,
he would
272
repell'd but as
he approached for
th^
reproved him
th' gods.
desist,
Thus he was
forced to
draw backe
slightly.
Then Apollo
phantom
to rouse
to do.
Then Sarpedon
ed defend
mind
a boast
that hee and his kindred, the sonnes of Priam, could unaidth' citty,
lion.
dogs before a
This reproach gnawed Hector's verie soule, and brandishing in his hands his sharpe speares, hee leaped
downe
their
ardor.
But
th'
Greekes,
to hearten
them
immovable, stood
Greekes.
^neas back
to the
wholy
restored, invigorated
powers.
th' Trojans,
each warrior
leader or
o'
souldier
had
to perform.
The Sonne
companion,
^neas
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
27a
They were
as
two young
firs
lions with
th'
the dam,
side.
upon
mountayne
Menelaus seeing
their death.
this pitied
but Antilochus,
to give
him
least
But
his
and Antilochus
Mars and
were
with
with
tumultuous
Din,
Hector
the
Only
th'
stopt as
by a
them not
near,
Then
as.
an ally
to Troy,
by Tela-
monian Ajax.
Palling, he
to
made
Ajax hastened
speare,
of
274
conflict.
N'ow
fate urg'd
to
King Jove
together,
Tlepolemus
Sarpedon
and Tlepolemus.
addressing
first
brave
how he
recounting
to
few men
in six vessells,
widowing
still
Laomedon
blame upon
th'
Laomedon; but he on
his
th'
same
and
darknesse veiled
the eyes.
him not
th'
to die.
aside,
it
Then
his
th' speare
remained in
member, and
sufferance.
As
and
put an end
th'
minde
tume
to th' latter.
He slew
Coeranus, Alcan-
and would
come forth
th'
Greeks.
ARGUMENT OP THE
But
til'
ILIAD.
275
address'd
him
to
his dear
Then
carrying
th'
him
Thereupon
ani-
mation
reviv'd
left
whom
did
Mars (with
and answer
is
thus made:
Teuthras, th'
now come
made
to
Menelaus,
Mars longer
to rage,
and bade
Hebe
on both
th'
Of
all
brasse;
th'
naves of silver;
silver thongs;
th'
pole of
276
silver, to whicli
But Juno
was
th^
joake
herselfe, so eager
th' battaile.
upon
th'
floor
o'
her father
Jove
th'
The' round
On
it
thereon
also
was
Strife; thereon
was
th' dreadfull
Likewise upon
th'
armour of a hundred
was wont
pawing
steeds.
Then
wide
highest summits of
Olympus were
gain'd,
from
sitting.
th'
who
many Greeks
god of warre.
And
hee
was ready to gratify her wish, but bade her send Minerva
rather then go herselfe.
space
that
starrie heaven.
At each
it.
went
as
farre as
when gray
mist doth
lie
over
ARGUMENT OF THE
th' river
ILIAD.
277
steeds
and shed a
round them.
Then
the
th'
River
With
steppe like
th'
to
timorous
doves,
goddesses
approached
around Diomed.
Likening her-
to Stentor, th'
who
all
cried to
them
that 'twas
shame
to
them
ill
th'
from
th'
Dardan
gates,
now
ventured
citty.
shippes, farre
Then blew-eyed
him by
received
cooling the
wound he had
from
th' swift
Then Minerva
"O little like himselfe is the sonne Tydeus hath begotten! Hee in very truth was but smal of stature, but a warriour; and though I would not suffer him at all times to fight, nor to rush furiously to the battaile, even when he went on an
ambassage to Thebes, he
still
conquer'd
art
so powerfull an ally
But thou
and unworthy
tho' I
of such a man.
For
am
valiant
278
"I
know
thee well,
tliou
and I
thee,
from
why
I^eyther
am
I weery
selfe,
nor
is
my
in sending
me
unto the
battaile, injoyn'd
on
me
to fight
th'
pointed spear,
Therefore have
otho'
Greekes
also,
now
the
battaile."
To him
"Tydides, deare to
my
soule, neythe'
an auxiliary
am
I unto thee.
him
in close
weather-vane!
For hee
th'
lately
promis'd Juno
and
myselfe that
assist
he would aide
th'
Greekes.
But now,
all this."
he mixeth with
th'
upon
his
com-
Sthenelus,
dragg'd
him
backeward.
Leaping
straight-
th'
place.
Minerva
way, arous'd to fury, mounted the chariot and seized both goade and reines, directing Diomede to encounter Mars,
her to bee invisible) that impiteous Mars might not see her.
he,
his steeds
it
his
brazen-headed speare.
it aside.
As
ARGUMENT OP THE
Diomedj however, sent forth
course so that
it
ILIAD.
279
his
its
was
covered with
th'
it
at
once.
louder,
much
men when
Then
they joyne in
of the
th' bellow-
haze appeareth
when
hot winde doth blowe for a long season, soe Mars ascending
Going
to
Olympus,
words to Jove that were swift as wing'd arrowes, complaining that hee in no wise restrained the daughter he had
begotten,
she
that
was
the
cause
of
continuall
strife
Olympian
and
possessed th'
In truth hee beleeved that had Juno not led him on, hee
had not
suffered thus;
yet
owned
griev'd his
as
owne heart
inasmuch
Mars was
would
his sonne,
but said
t'
him
since
his place
sonnes of Uranus.
Thus
saying,
to
As when
the remedies
quickly
heaFd
th'
Hebe
washed him and decked him in beauteous robes. Then, exulting in glory, he sat downe by Satumian Jove.
280
ing stay'd from dreadfull deeds of death, Mars, the manslayer, returned to the pallace of
mighty Jove.
VI.
And now
th'
was abandon' d by
to the Greekes.
meet
make
6.,
men
unable
t'
mixe
with
warriours
sacrifice.
Hector
downe from
his chariot,
and brandishing
th' hosts,
avowing
what was
No
soone'
was he thus
name
and lineage of
his opposer:
distant lands
by
false-hearted wife
th'
who,
as
him
as
much
him
untill so fayling.
Whereupon, being
much
and Sonne
t'
upon seeing
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
281
all
accomplished, and
whe'
it
him
both
whom
Jove
Of one
was
th' offspring.
this,
well remembered
and spake of
it.
And Jove
depriving Glaucus of
the valewe of
and husbands in
all
He, however,
hastened to the
many
evills
were impending.
Then he
his
and
his hand,
he hold
it
to offer
vowes to
th'
from
to Minerva's temple,
vowing
if
to her twelve
IlKum Tydides,
of terror.
283
companie with
on
to
other
dames
of
distinction)
Hector
passed
the
beauteous
halls,
crooked bowe.
Hlium mennaced on
hatefuU
it
everie hand,
all this,
and
said
was because of
chiefely,
from the
fight;
but
to
go forth,
and he
also
thought
it
would be
off to
some mountayne
billowes.
to be seated, but he
to remaine, although
hee was
sensi-
that Paris
come
Then he went
his wife, the faire
Andromache, and
him ran out to meete him, with her a maid bearing th^ child. Andromache took hold on Hector, saying it was
strange he should go out so fearlesslie to th' warre without
pitty for her or his child, foretelling that valour
would
ARGUMENT OP THE
destroy him, and
ILIAD.
28S
replied, it
bemoaning her
fate.
Hector
were shame
citty;
to all
Then
infant,
child,
but
th'
nodding plumes,
bosom of
his nurse.
off his
it
upon the
sire,
ker
bosome.
shades
borne
can escape
fate,
Her he bade
again to battaile.
VII.
to
hew down
the
Greeks.
Olympus
them;
less
then that
it
to
Hector,
who
ing Greekes.
By
384
all
mute with
Then Menelaus
himselfe.
invitation
knew
it;
hand
of his brother,
to give over.
him
Then Nestor
Nine warriours
rose
in
answer
to
his
appeale.
Agamemnon much
two
Ajaces,
the
first
Diomed and
the
next
Idomeneus,
then
his
armour-bearer,
All these wished to goe out to fight Hector, but the Gerenian
knight, Nestor, bade
his challenge.
it
into th'
them decide by lot who should accept Then each mark'd his owne lot and cast helmet of Atrides, the king. Then they prayM
lot,
or th'
herald then
to left.
th' lot as
But
disclaimed
it
until he
came
it
who, stretching
forth his
hand for
it,
saw that
was
th'
it
up prayers
use.
Then they
love, give
Ajax might
When
Ajax,
ARGUMENT OF THE
tlierefore,
ILIAD.
?85
had put on
grimly
smiling.
The Greekes
was impossible to
heroes
to
besides Achilles
beginne the
and
battaile.
all shiftes
and
passes,
Then he
hurls
beam
so forcibly that
it
and penetrates
but
speare,
and
it
untill it
Drawing forth
th'
speares,
battaile.
like ravening
The
point of
Hector's
repelled
shield,
Yet
from
Ajax upo'
the bosse so
rang loudly.
it
and dispatcht
shield
he
fell supine.
And
deadlie
to
them
to cease.
The
side,
heralds, Talthybius
bidding
Night.
utter'd
by him
whom
286
Then
Greekes.
councils
were
lield
among
pile,
botli
Trojans
and
dead;
to build
one
common
it
Meanwhile
Antenor
was
let
exhorting
th'
assembled
and
add
something
it
thereto.
Priam
first
likewise
goe to their
them
But when
receyv'd
it
word
mutely.
neither Helen nor the treasures, for even a babe could see
that an evill fate
impended over
Trojans;
and
all th'
Whereupon Agamemnon
Yet
as co'cem'd the dead,
Jove must be a
wit-
Then he
raised
up
his scepter to
the gods, and both hastily brought forth their dead and
built their pyles.
The Greekes
without
it,
built
towers',
and put
and
were
set.
th' defence,
admir'd
it
but
ARGUMENT OF THE
ISTeptune
built
ILIAD.
lie
287
made
round the
of
eclips'd.
Jove reprov'd
th'
with
sand,
and
know
it
no more.
At
repast.
set of
Then
Jason, came.
thousand measures
iron,
skins,
slaves,
bounteously
feast,
the night.
In Troy
also
all,
not drinke
Saturn's
VIII.
Then
Jove, having
summon'd
the
Olympian gods
to
an
th'
At Mount
the Greekes.
Nestor now, in
th' chariot of
Diomed doth
they
bulwarks.
fire
And
then
to the very
it
and
mind
of
Agamemnon
288
urge, as vehemently as
forces.
was
able, a charge
with
all
their
th' tent of
Telamonian
other,
Ajax on
th'
side,
might escape
And
Jove sent
fawne
were offering
beautifull altar.
When
th'
they saw
mother,
who
as child to
its
sheltered
him
And
one
and shooting
many
of
the Trojans.
Agamemnon
incite him,
rerjoyc'd seeing
making promise of
all
whom
all
he aym'd.
levell'd
an arrow at
from
harme.
Teucer,
however,
slew
Hector's
mighty
charioteer.
upon
his knees.
ARGUMENT OF THE
Then Ajax held
groaning heavily.
th' shield
ILIAD.
289
over
Then Jove
th'
At
this,
sought ever a
to
meane
carry out.
and
keep
fires
have
mighty
men
at watch.
IX.
Then
Agamemnon
to
send Ulysses with Phoenix and Ajax to the tent of the hero
Achilles, if
come
X.
subtile Ulysses
slyly
enter the
night,
having
first
Dolon, who had set out as From him they obtained the
them
290
XL
Then they resumM
furiously,
th' conflicte.
injure Ulysses.
this,
Patroclus
armour of
Achilles.
XII.
assail
who
inter-
XIII.
side,
and the
Deiphobus
is
repuls'd
by Meri-
ones.
Amphimacus,
Idome'eus,
away
Neptune assuming a
likenesse
to
Thoas,
exhorteth
who
however
is
Hypsenor
slayne.
Then
Idomeneus
doth
subdue
place.
Alcathoiis, over
ARGUMENT OF THE
XIV.
ILIAD.
291
Agamenmon and
battle
other
wounded
Agamemnon,
spake winged
souldiers.
With
delighted,
and prepared
at
once to
and disposed
rings,
it
well, she
all,
and, over
Going
cestus,
no allurement was
In
it
were
desire,
love-
able to steale
even of
th'
very prudent.
swiftnesse
she came
at length to farre-distant
Lemnos and sought out Sleepe, the brother of Death. She tooke fast hold upon his hand and begg'd that he would
now
Juno promised
Pasithea
hee
he made
calling the
292
him
desire.
Hastening to many-rilPd Ida, Juno placed her person conspicuously in Jove's sight, but Sleepe conceal'd himselfe.
(as she
had
to
keepe her near him, avowing, indeed, that none (be she
goddesse or
so
much
love in his
and hee shed a golden cloud round them, hiding them from
sight.
distill'd
and
crocus, thus
forming a
flow'rie couch,
where the
sire
by Sleepe and
love.
XV.
Jove waked
them and
mighty I^Teptune
and requested
Armed
th'
pleatly to rout
These
all
the
warriours.
XVI.
Then
to
ARGUMENT OF THE
to th' succour of the Greekes,
ILIAD.
293
all
fail'd to do,
but
Him,
was
slaine,
and
He
is
repelled
to
and
fol-
XVII.
As
waighing in his
Hector's
Then Hector doth take off the beautiful armes, but as he is dragging the body away to sever the head from the trunke, he seeth Ajax advancing, and in all haste
mounteth
his charet, giving the
armour
to
some of
th'
As
th'
Then Glaucus
the conflict
manner
that
anew over
th'
The
of Patroclus.
XVIII.
Achilles gave
waye
to the
most violent
griefe, throw-
ing that his agony touched Thetis' heart; and she came out
of the deepe to give
sea-nymphs.
him comfort, and with her came manie She promises him also she will procure forththis
purpose doth go
it
that
at
once.
On it
heavens
sea, th'
unwearied
the
likewise denominated
Wain) and
wave
of the sea.
On
it
were two
round the
other two armies sat at watch, at one and other side, besieg-
ing
it.
field,
and
men
and a waving
cornfield,
On
grapes,
it
clusters of
where
On
man's
it
to th' field,
There was
also
upon
th' shield
ARGUMENT OF THE
And
near the outmost edge
lie
ILIAD.
295
plac'd that
mighty
river,
Oceanus.
Then he made
tinne which
also
may
was
When
feet,
all
Olympus bearing
XIX.
th'
armour
to
her Sonne.
Then
shrank
all
backe,
Achilles,
on
the
contrarie,
rejoyced in soule.
straightway the
wounded
Tydeus'
and the
sonne, with
at
gather to an assembly,
which
Atrides and
latter hasteth
XX.
Jove doth permit the gods againe to ingage in the conflict,
side.
Then
at the
hand of
this
th'
watchfullnes of Neptune.
may
avenge his
XXI.
Him
fierce
Greeke,
many are slaine by th' who doth compell one part of the Troand doth force
in steed
second
part
into
the
Xanthus.
Here,
of
296
^
slayeth,
putting
a sacrifice on
Hee
This doth
overwhelme Achilles;
off
but mighty
the danger.
^ot even
Jove's thunder-bolt
may subdue
ackers,
this,
him with a monstrous stone. Falling, he cover'd seven and he made a horrible crash. Then Minerva, exulting, taunted him as he lay prone; yet Yenus, pitying him, led him away, but with difficulty he collected* his spirits. White-arm'd Juno seeing them, incited Pallas ^to pursue
them.
after
Trojan
as they, since
easily
be
overcome.
Juno
smil'd
at these words,
if
a friend
and
However, he thought
strife.
to
At
seeing
ARGUMENT OF THE
At this
the spouse of Jove, taking
ILIAD.
297
up
by plucking Diana's bowe from her shoulders and beating her (smiling meanwhile),
smiting her about the eares.
As a dove
arrows.
affrighted flieth
fled,
from a hawke,
so tim'rous
Diana weeping
without
staying to gather
up her dusty
Then Mercury,
saying he would not contend with a spouse of cloud-compeling Sonne of lordly Saturn, because she would surelie
boast
amongst
the
immortalls
of
victory.
Thereupon
to
to
make complaint
to Jove.
nearer smilingly
who had
see
her,
word.
to sacred
him
Olympus.
great slaughter;
close
troopes
had come
lest Achilles,
thirstie,
almost breathlesse,
they
the sonne of
Guarding
his
upon one
shin;
Then
likening
298
LimseKe
to
foUowe, with
River
Scamander.
XXII.
latter
advance
commeth
his feeble
haire.
Then Hecuba
was
a source
But
all
availeth
not
a whit.
that, fiU'd
itselfe
th'
so
mused in his soule as hee awaited the approach But when th' hero, shining like a blazing fire,
the sxmne,
of Pelides. or even as
commeth on like th' Helmet-shaker, Mars, a tremor seizeth him and he fleeth affrighted. Round and
round with swifte feete he doth
fly,
a brave
man
is
'tis
not a
victim that
life
is
and
speake
together
concerning
the
fate
of
Hector.
mark
to
which one
it
would
fall,
As
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
299
to
^
to stand, in
hope of bringing
Thus
deceived,
yet attempting to
his
his
armour onelie
should
fall to Achilles,
for ransom.
if
any league
would hold 'twixt men and lions, or according minde be found 'twixt wolve' and lambes, and avowing that no treaty of any sort could hold 'twixt them. Then, brandishing,
he sent forth his long-shadow' d speare, but Hector, bending ove', doth avoide the blow.
in Pelides' hand.
Then Hector
but
off.
he supposed, and
felt that
But hee
his flanke,
Drawing
300
ward.
glister, as
would yeeld.
Then was
th' dreadfull
weapon hurl'd
the weasand;
swiftly,
and
it
where the necke and shoulder joyne, yet did not sever
therefore, he could yet speake.
Hee
pray'd
But, nought
And
did,
for th'
but hee
o'
th'
fall
on thee
for
my
sake on
th'
daye
clutch thee,
when Paris and Phoebus Apollo shall strike thee downe." With words like these his soule descended to Hades, but Achilles still addrest the lifelesse body, bidding him
dye, that hee fear'd not his fate at Jove's hands, or
will of other gods.
by the
Then
Then
now
Then
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
301
by which
his
head
Then
King Priam,
also
meted out
fall,
where the
men
and
eies;
fell
and
hers,
Then
is
Achilles
is
wam'd by
and
this
prizes).
XXIV.
Afterward, Jove biddeth Thetis go unto Achilles and
demand
collected.
th'
also
to conduct old
he
omen
he
302
When
reached,
as they
Hermes put
the
th'
guard) asleepe
gates,
it
with a thatch
fencing
thickly.
it
o'
grasse
mowne
and
set
fir,
up with a
single
This
Mercury op'd for old Priam, bidding him enter and embrace
him by
by
would
him
Priam then
steeds,
leapt
care,
knees,
and
a
man
in
his
owne country,
fleeth
so
astonish' d
spectators
stand round,
(and they that stood by, looking one at other) seeing Priam.
his
minde
his
owne father
of
the
same hoary
age,
who
kil'd
who defended
and themselves.
ARGUMENT OF THE
ILIAD.
sire,
303
had beene
do what no mortal
man might
endure
kisse the
his life.
At
as
fate,
But
up the old man, bidding him be seated (for he respected his hoary haires) and he exhorted him to let
sorrow sink to rest in his minde, saying:
"Chill griefe
is
and none
one
from
evill.
Two
caskes, the
containing
threashold.
evills,
From
and
ill.
Man
falleth
now upon
is
one, againe
upon another;
^riches
and wealth,
put
yet an
ill
not lengthen.
Of
thee,
also,
but
now
Yet
come upon
it
304
were brought
also,
in,
which were
a well
woven tunicke
Pelides bade
on the body.
Idaens enter
and be
seated,
aged Priam's
mourning
cries
should so
move
life,
him
that hee could not stay his hand, and, taking his
displease
Jupiter;
then,
attendants should wash and annoint th' body, waited without, and,
when
this
it
up, put
plac'd
it
it
upon the
litter,
and with
his
companion's helpe,
on the beautifull
chariot, at the
moan
Afterward he retum'd
the tent,
on the morrow.
He
citeth
to
him Niobe's
case,
who
faire
moum'd
who
(she said)
many.
"Let us
like-
now
bewaile
teares."
Then
much
Dardanian
he convers'd.
satisfied,
the old
man
to his rest.
ARGUMENT OF THE
Achilles willingly granting
ILIAD.
th' request,
30&
him
he and his
th'
them upon
porch,
to
meanes
Olympus
wakenM
him
to
the mules, then went with them through the campe; nor did hee leave them untill they reach'd the eddying Xanthus
and saffron-hued
Then he ascended Olympus,, morn was diffused ore th' earth. Then
they drove the steeds toward the citty (and the mules bearing the body), but none saw them save Cassandra,
wha
assembled the people; soe they met them near the gates
coming in with the body, nor was there a man nor woman^
left in the citty, so generall
First
came
his wife
spectators wept.
They, indeed,
tears, if
all
moum'd and
shed
way unto
he had
borne him home; then might they weepe untill they were
saciated with mourning.
off,
and, carrying
him
him
on
th'
leaders
of the dirge,
women
made
responsive moanes.
Among them
his wife
beganne
306
"O
young
in yeares, whilst I
am
is
left a
widow ra the
pallace?
And
whpm
whO', I
compleat destrucits
Certainely thou,
who
wert ever
its
defender, and
They will be carried captive to the shippes, nor shall I escape. But thou, O my sonne, shalt perchance accompany me where thou must performe
no more.
unworthy
tasks,
or else
thy father
may have slaine) may grasp with force may cast thee headlong from some
life out.
Tor true
it
is,
thy father
many an
this
He
to
an enemy
go unpunish'd;
but,
by
his hand,
many
made
with his
set teeth.
for this
cittie.
unutterable unto us
to
me.
Bitter, aye,
bitter is
my
didst not
my
name, or give
me any word
me
the other
women moaned.
ARGUMENT OF THE
(l^ote.)
ILIAD.
prophetic soul,
307
Andromaclie, in
lier
knew
and
This
is
is
which I
also translated,
wrought soe
said,
And
every mother, in
all
The
lines
which containe
this
moumefull
my
workes.
is
The
most
is
excell'd
by nothing
in our language
Even Hecuba's
hands of their
was much
captors.
But
to retume.
Now
"O
place,
her moane:
Hector, thou wert dearest of
my
sons,
and truly of
life,
but also
For
all
my
other sonnes
who
at
Lemnos, Samos, or at Imbrius; but thou, though he hath tane thy precious life, and daily dragged thee round
Patroclus' tomb, liest within our palaces as fresh and beauti-
308
the
women
join'd in teares
teairs,
and moanes.
heavy sighes
Helen came
third^
weeping' sad
"O
th' god-like
man
is
my
husband.
Kind
my
but
is
none other
There-
who
all
will
be kind to mee.
fore I
my
unhappy
Then
to
word of Achilles
th'
were concluded.
space
When, however,
th' pyle,
th'
him upon
round
and applied
fire to th'
But when
th'
rosy finger'd
Morn
pile
of illustrious Hector;
and whe'
all
had
all
the brothers and companions of Hector, with tearfull gather'd together his white bones.
beautifull urn of gold,
numerous sharpe
stones.
This,
strict
make an
ARGUMENT OF THE
But when they had heap'd up
feasted
th'
ILIAD.
309
tomb
properly, they
on a splendid banquet.
rites of the great steede-
And
this
may
be found in
my
workes, for
I wrote out, not only his Odysses in the great Cypher, but
th'
th'
The marginall
notes of our
to
work which
translation
my
De Augmentis
As
in this
it
your
am
contente.
FRANCIS
ST.
ALBAN.
FEANCIS
BACOIsr.
DB AUGMBNTIS.
1624.
Where, hj a
letters,
common
o'
Italicke
hid
in Cyphar, had such as are scene heere beene employed in an example) in every booke I send forth I use, for
in
any great
such that
mean
the historic of
my
birth,
and
also
my
brother's,
evaded
There
is
all
men:
quietly
game be
universall
teach
my
and enjoie
stil'd simila',
IN
DE AUGMENTIS.
methode
311
us'd whenere
for
all
cannot crowne
tale,
heerewith a pretty
my
o'
manie
disguises,
save our
signe.
Thus
you
doubt
find
men
my
poems which I
have publisht,
now
as Peele's or Spenser's,
th'
now
as
my
who
name
of authours, so cald,
and poetry.
work
rather
To Robt. Greene did I entruste most of that his name appeared as authour: therein you
it
may
did not
As
plaies
some
parts
were
Pull
off
ev'n
now
my
story.
am
King Henry
any Tudor.
I,
th'
same
as in
If the late
th' throne,
was by
all
at
any and
times
heir-
S12
my
was ours
as formerly
all
also
our colonies in
West.
cis'
Never
shall
th'
crowne
th'
rest
on Prince Fran-
loftie
Virgin
Queen,
these
Can
Can one
of such a noble
subject,
common
who,
knowing that by
th' parts
th' virtue of
should come, doth feele assur'd that hee hath noe lacke in
and endowme'ts
all
god-
willinglie
mony, labour, or
a Prince's
is,
power
at
may, or may
For
holde
this reaso'
communion with
As knowledge doth
in-
and I
mee
which our
raign
may
neve' cease.
wee turne
for judgement.
This work,
however,
we
we
work.
This
is
Homer's verse
title is:
his Eliads.
The
ARGUMENT OF THE
ODYSSES.
313
THE ODYSSES.
is
laid in
an
ile
th'
nymphe, Calypso.
lovelie, indeed,
solitary.
remaine.
retume, shed
entertained
many
a teare.
so
However
th' faire
nymphe
him with
much
to depart,) to leave
so
her
sea,
after
having
orde',
nor
final-
away her
for she
II.
In
and
th'
lie
o'
(even as
hope of immortality,
By
th'
314
made
guide
and
first
they
saile
who
Here hee
is
told to go to the
magnanimou' king
o^
Sparta, Menelaus.
IV.
Of him not meerelie are they pitably, having beene made favoured
nificent
pallace,
received
most hos-
guests at his
mag-
Telemachus,
informed
forsooth, receiving
much
man
shippewracke
on Orgygia, of
th'
waye
in
V.
Odysseus had
so's
now
assistance,
furnish'd
well,
on
th'
voyage.
nymph farewell and set out During seventeene days fayre weather and
it
began
to sinke.
finds
garment he cast himselfe into and preserv'd from death by th' care of Pallas, land on the Phseacian shores.
offe the clinging
ARGUMENT OF THE
VI.
ODYSSES.
815
Here being
ter, as
fo"und then
hj Nausicaa,
th'
kinges daugh-
he doth
lie
wrapt in soothing
VII..
sleepe,
He
by her
is
fit
to take
VIII.
At
festive
gathering,
as
the
costlie
meats
give
and
an
doth
fall
of Troie, redifficile
his
IX.
by
which he nearly
th' Lotu'-eaters,
experience
among
how
land where
Alcinous,
dilate the
it
much
he
sl
storie,
and he ran
meat.
it
momente
as
sat at
He
adventures
th' Cyclops,
stay on th'
He
men
eller enco'nt'red
and
th' others
have escapt a
like fate
th' great
which occupied
optick.
316
of
They then ster'd westwards, coming first to th' Isle The wind-god gave them the windes in ^^olus.
hence
th'
a bag,
close,
wand'rings might
have come to a
had not
allow'd
severall
to
escape.
Having but a
wind
men whose
At
length
comming
men
th'
howher,
by
set
out againe.
XI.
to
the
Oceanus,
swift
flowinge;
behold
th' day.
Thence he went
seer, Teiresias,
bume
When
this
was
said
it
made
his
in orde' that he
might reach
home.
ARGUMENT OP THE
XII.
ODYSSES.
317
Upon
his
waye backe
acrosse
th'
westerne
sea,
he
who
him
their
him
meete.
Passing
th' place in
which
th' Sirens
make
may
him
fast to th^
its
charme^
heard
he could not
if
he
desir'd, follow
them.
The
sailors
now be made
deafe to
by being well
filled.
So one dread
peril is passed;
were
kill'd,
while
all
go to
farr-ofP Ithica,
coming nexte
in
to Thrinatia,
th' sun-god,
an island
kept the
which Helios,
famous
cattell.
Having
remembrance
his instructio's
that Teiresias
attempted to passe by with speede and avoide the tempting creatures, yet everie sailor was fuly determined to
land; so whilst Odysseus was unmindfull of his men, or
this purpose, as
he lay lock'd
i'
the armes
o'
Sleep, they
or a
number
of the'.
Because
of
it
der-bolt
318
preserving
him because
Athene of
alreadie to
Hee
also relateth to
Alcinous
^that
known
his,
the reader
th' stay at
of immortality;
how no
could hee
see his native land, th' wife of his bosome, Telemachus, his
and send him forth on the homeward voyage. This, d then, was straightway accomplish' King, Queene, as
well as gentle
young
princesse gave
him manie
fit
rich robes
and ornaments,
th'
At dawne they
driv'n
when
by merry
may
lieth
seeled
th'
him and
Rowing
leaving
th'
him by Alcinou', Arete, or E"ausicaa, and him by the shore with soft sleepe on the senses,
owne
land.
still
"When
th' sleeper
waketh he doth
think that
it is
ARGUMENT OF THE
a place not familiar, since
th' port,
lie
ODYSSES.
819
Minerva having
keepe
his
upon every-
thing, to
presence
periode, shee,
sheweth him
cave of
nymphs on
th'
robes of purple hue, also loftie olde E'eritos with his bosky
sides
above
this.
He
"Thou
art re-
I,
life
lest
come
to
is
at
hand."
The goddesse
gifts o' Alcinous,
now
co'ceal'd the
Arete and
fast
by
and
Then Athene
Eumseus,
th'
marked path
leading
up
to th' dwelling of
swineherd, and
bade
th' traveler
XIV.
Odysseus
approacht
th'
As he ent'red the courtyard, dogs bark'd with much furie the swineheard went to see what caus'd the
330
quicklie
in,
wine
is
drunke:
I dwell
still
"Though
it
is
not
now
and
like dales
th' friend
young
chiefes govern,
still
staye
away
from
and
my owne
fail to
Then
soe lov'd.
make himselfe
th'
was
at that
th'
same and
o'
told
him
th'
wand'ring king
Ithaca.
He
moreover
is
come home
since an
^olian had
had
sea,
come upon
th'
broken by
Eumaeus for
But he came not, and summer waned. his owne part wish'd all Hellen's kinne were no more, ere Odysseus spent his fortune, or gave soe much strength, soe many yeares of his yoimg manhood, to
ere
avenge
th' insulte.
ARGUMENT OF THE
XV.
ODYSSES.
321
to
Sparta,
as
glist'ning
his
whole room,
said to
him
that he
must returne
th' great
to
Odysseus; no
harm should
befall.
Shee
also
her owne hands had wrought to give his bride on the day
that his nuptialls bee celebrated, asking
him
in return to
From
told Kestor
do.
soothesayer
named Theoclymenus beggeth Telemachus to have sufficient kindnesse to take him upon this voyage to Ithaca.
suit)
Setting
saile,
of th'
company
Eumseus,
to the city
th' herd.
find olde
XVI.
for,
upon
th'
322
themselves lords of
"or hath
my
mother, accepting
one in marriage,
bed
to
become
th'
niture?"
But
his
at bay, noble
Penelope
re-
warded by
he maketh inquiry
having
him
Whereupon Odys-
"Ah, these
where we go?
them
to
to answere:
my
my owne
like bees;
As soone
th' city,
as
to
make
tiful proportiones,
ARGUMENT OF THE
Telemachus,
ODYSSES.
323
much
"Who
is
But Telemachus could not yet trust these happy words and doubting said: "But men pass not thus from age to
youth,
riches
squalor, to
Ulysses
made othe
that
it
was Tele-
machus'
come
Noe
sire
Embracing
his
like
he
birds
from which
stolen,
even like
whom
speake?"
recko'd
by
and what
it is
weaklie."
Th' sutors in
th'
on
his
one of
number.
his experiences at evening,
in th' guise of
a wand'ring
XVII.
againe,
Telemachus went
he
to
the
shortlie after
Eumseus
to
n
324
panj him
On
a
th'
waye,
as
of a fountaine,
goatheard,
Odysseus soe
his hand.
much
pass'd
Then they
onward
to th' citty
and
as
they came
saying:
"Was
this a
comely hound
strong?"
Upon
"Thou
great fame, for Jove shall surelie rewarde thee and I shall
Then he
said
he also had great abundance untill Jove tooke away his wealth and drove him to
suffered
ills
^gypt and
tel.
to
an
^gy
who stoode looking on prayed him to beware, reminding him that immortall gods wander ofte i'
But
th'
rest
lowly guise.
Afterward
th' suitors
go into
th' hall
and
th' doore-
may
share
its
ARGUMENT OF THE
wronges; and after a
little
ODYSSBS.
is
325
time hee
ill-pleas'd
that
th^ pallace.
by one
forcefull
jawebone.
Then
much worse
ills
Amphinomus
th'
saith:
his
much by
such actions."
these words,
anger'd and
caste
they withdrewe
th'
multitude
of wrong-doing
broods in sadnesse.
beeing
them
As Telemachus sawe
father, surelie
gleaming
pillars
he
said:
"My
us.
one of
th'
Beholde
th'
336
celestiall
hand.''
But
rest is
is
upon these
as
suters
Venus
th'
fire,
or
Diana in
grace of movement.
on one
side, inquir-
ing whence he
is,
also
who, yet he
is
tells
her not.
With
and
telleth
how
her
sailed
away
to
lUium
to
him how
first
and
time, saying
how
at
were made
yeares did this ruse availe, but in th' fourth th' suters
demanded immediate
former surroundings,
oft of his
him
After long
Penelope sum-
mon'd
feete.
th'
wash
his
It
his infancy,
and
827
tume from
might
hunted on Parnassus in
discover anie
household, so
when
she
so like
him
and
feete, his
answer
is
wound made by
shouteth angrily:
fare
ill.
Commit
face.
away her
Then
Penelope by
or sole
th' fireside,
holde
sight.
o' th'
from
XX.
After a time no sound
palace.
is
At
first it
it
were
fitting that
want
on furder consideration he
At
his
man on
They
Sonne,
328
XXI.
suitors,
declareth no
th'
man
mighty bowe
"Hee
that
is
me away
still."
to a
new home,
Great
is
their consternation.
bowe
of Odysseus; but
it,
it,
and warm
attempt-
make
it
to
some degree
pliant,
and
saith:
"Not
many
manie
hear that
Ulyses."
we
his
minde
bow
aside.
offering
Then the
be possible,
by any meanes,
short
him with ill-grace. However his winged wordes are cut by Penelope, and reproving him for his discourtesy to their guest shee saith to him: "Doe not fear least th'
stranger, if successefull, should lead
me
awaie, for
if
he
new
awarded him."
'
ARGUMENT OP THE
at
this
if
ODYSSES.
329
But
"
her sonne,
it
Telemachus,
maketh reply:
'Twere well
be
left for
mee
all
to
make
proofe, as
might appear
to
mee
best,
of
deem worthie
^^Ye
Thereupon
may
it
Meantime he had
Philaetius.
reveal'd
tears
to
th'
oxheard,
With manie
to
was arranged
it
in his aged
to
As
the
adjusted the
string as lightly
as a musitian
it,
XXII.
Scone
th'
^the
young
rivers
th' floore.
with-
th'
deadly
strife,
up with
upon
menace
th' throng.
But he sawe
arm'd
him were
As
household;
330
The
latter,
fearing
it
may be by
his
owne
fault, in leaving
sntors'
armes
he seeth Melanthius
knave, and with th'
ding plumes.
Then he
fals
on
th'
Then
Pallas
came
to
and both Ulysses and the sutors hoped for ayde, the
saying to
him
it
dear
if
he did not
joyne them.
Ulysses hoping
it
was
assisted
by the heavenly
divinities,
"Odysseus, where
is
now thy strength, as when at wide-way'd Troy thou didst hew down soe many Trojans? and it was by thy wisdome that th' cittie was overthrowne. Rise now in thy might
and shewe an invincible
spirit."
Without giving
Minerva rose
weapons
th' progresse of
th'
to th' roofe,
and
sitting
lest
But when th' combat had lasted some time, Telemachus being wounded in th' wrist and Eumseus in the shoulder, she lifted her ^gide shield, and the suitors
his friends.
in dismay
"Next Odysseus,
the pallace,
gave
command
that
the
slaine
bee
unchaste
ARGUMENT OP THE
ODYSSES.
331
made
selfe
all
most
faire,
for Ulysses'
even
know
shortlie
went
Minerva
was prepared.
silence,
who had
performed
well-beloved
saying:
^TLet
it
be plact -outside
chamber,"
and
my
hands did
my
pallace I
wrought
bridall
chamber?
There
silver,
'twere a sinew'd
man
over
could lifte
it
from
its
and
fell
I cast a
it
was
and
on
his necke.
reall adventures
new
but realized that no true abiding place was, there for his
feete.
On
the
following
day
Ulysses
with
Telemachus,
It
forth,
cloud.
332
descent into
suitors.
Hades with
th'
soules
of th'
slaughtered
made an
vention,
insurrection,
inter-
at th'
decisive
Eupeithes
who was
would be well
sides,
to cease,
likened in
as at a
Next
th'
our Epick.
The
"Sing, sing to
me
Muse, of one
to
whom
Some rare expedient was never wanting. Who, when proud Ilium he had orethrowne, Wander'd afarre that he in many lands
Might
see faire citties
Of
him
there
came
Much
Ere Helios'
fair
^0 man
Return
and
rest.
ARGUMENT OP THE
ODYSSES.
333
No more
truth, our
of our Odysses
is
noe doubt you will note, to manie that are alreadie used
in th' Iliads; but
arise,
as th'
words
sufficient.
These I name
made
of
them
maketh of
th'
planner
into
Time
itselfe
can
little alter.
Key-wordes follow:
desses,
first,
god-
gods and
spirites,
demy-gods or heroes;
th' ruler
nymphes, and
attendants;
the god of
spirit of that
realme;
wrack,
haven,
rocks.
Calypso,
immortality,
Penelope,
sage,
Telemachus,
Sparta,
Hellen,
Menelaus,
Nestor,
Eumaeus,
ship,
Phseacian
sailors,
present,
Circe,
sorceresse,
Ulysses,
mates,
isle,
enchantment,
Siren,
Teiresias,
perill,
Scylla,
Charjbdis,
Helios,
Ithica,
suitors,
De
is
ended.
FKAl^CIS
BACOK
NEtW ATLAjNTIS.
1635.
am jiamed
what
my
stile
should bee
royall
be a sonne
o' th'
ruling prince,
and borne
o'
in true
Prince
Wales.
My
name
Tidder, yet
men
speak of
me
as
my royal
o' Leicester,
my
birth.
like
common
folk.
They often
con-
will
resisted.
Her
policy
made
wisedome did soe govern England, but that she wondrous for a descendant
and grandsire
th'
o'
men
that
her
witt
made
as a
two-edged sword.
sword, and not
many
weapon escaped
head
as well,
My
hands
more then
breath,
all,
my
heart
aye,
my
are sorelie
disclosed
wounded; for
in a
my
royall
mother
NEW
cursed
ATLANTIS.
335
my
numerous
subse-
decisio'
th' succession.
'Tis said:
"The curse
finde
Some may
true,
but to
me
th' first
hee
was
informer to
th'
all
the boyish
acts, of
which I had
any
pride.
me
the
more
indiscreete,
my
foster-mother.
Lady Anne Bacon, and the woman who bore me, whom
title so
sacred as mother.
evill to th' dale
me
nought save
world.
o' this
Through
on Elizabeth, hee
filPd her
minde with a
suspition of
my
whole
my
plann was
He told her that my every thought dwelt on a crowne; that my onelie sport amid my school-mates was a pageant of royalty; that 'twas my hand
people to desire a king.
in
which
th'
wooden
staffe
was
plact,
and
my
head that
wore th' crowne, for no other would be allowed to represent princes or their pompe. He informed Her Ma. that
a I would give a challenge to a fierce boyish fight, or duello of fists, if any one presumed to share my honours
or depose
me from my
th'
throne.
Queene, afraide of these ominous porIn due time under pretents, sent for good Paulet and arranged that
336
Amyias and
left
my own f aire
land without a
moment
of warn-
No
my
N. Bacon
while
I,
my
first
protest
my
life in
Th' fame of
then, and
it
th'
to
me
even
was
flattering to th'
love
taking us from
my native land,
inasmuch
as th' secret
required
much
common
course
o'
businesse.
sunny land
o' th'
hope
o'
advancement
to
remain
my
whole
life there.
'Nov
for love
o'
King
o'
Eden
to
my innocent heart,
th'
and even
when
angels in
time
Thia
eight lustres
were
any other
to
my
sore heart.
Then
I married th'
woman who
hath put
Marguerite from
my
memorie
NEW
doth hang in
ATLANTIS.
33T
th' pure,
undimmed beauty
of those early
dayes
and braine.
although the matter
Yet here
Sir
little digressed,
my
When
avised of
my
love,
he propos'd
that he should negotiate a treaty of marriage, and appropriately urge on her pending case
o'
by
of
having resolv'd
triumphs
o'
th'
my
my
is
regions
o'
my
works of
vari-
my
minde.
to
It
thus by
my
disappoint-
many,
is
fruition.
my
th' world.
Some-
thing have
my
It is to
make
my
soe frequently.
how much
a wise use
my
pre-
upon
upon
my
is
latest appearance, as a
guide in
th' labirinth
of
Cyphers.
It
to this
husbandry
this
guarding 'gainst
losse that
I do
owe
a large
aye
work
in
338
Cypher.
When
that of holding to
it
f aithf ullie.
is
knowne
mankind needeth
like-
As
in a race
this
is
tireth
and leaveth
was necessarie
to be
little
unfolding: indeed a
man
he be
if
bird-witted
flying
on
leafie
boughs
his
when
waie becometh
diflicile
aides, if
he finde
many
places in
all dilligence to
draw
numerous
It
is
workes.
now
might be
said,
and unceasing
to carry out
of our marvellous
work
lift
to perfection.
Unto God do we
aide, blessing,
up our
soules imploring of
o'
Him
the workes
which wee
leave.
FEA^CIS BACOiT.
SYLVA SYLVARUM; OR NATURAL HISTORY.
RAWLEY'S PREFACE.
1635.
lUj
must some
his lordship's
is
dead, for
now
it
finished.
As you
no
secrets, yet
wro'gly as B,
I,
L,
M,
E",
find this
th'
change in
where
beganne
it is
my
preceding
epistle.
It will thus
be
like
new kind
th'
worke, and
may by no meanes
be required, since
th'
enlarging of mine.
let
me
bid
th'
you go on to
storie, or
my
where
epistle, is
his
since
my part was
but that of
hand, and I did write only that portion which was not All this was duely composed and written
may
bee cherish'd.
340
From
Burton
clocke,
th^
name
containing
and
severall
useful
those
in them th' symboll, word, bi-literall, anagramme Ciphers put forth make portions which could by noe means bee
them
you
divisions entitled.
Melancholy,
Anatomy.
interiour
tion of
th'
carried
is
in
number
of ingenious
is
from
his pen,
and
the same
in verie truth,
th' sickel of
Death.
Turn next
as instru'ted to
my
had
it
beene
in-
WILLIAM RAWLEY.
FRAISXIS BACON.
NATURAL HISTORY.
1635.
my
Cypher
history:
many
o'
be rais'd while I
much
as
our rules
so oft repeated,
my
some
my
day, to use in
my
Cypher.
class,
or description of work, I
experiment of placing
my
translations of
Homer
my
other Cypher.
When
manner
into
and widely
scatter'd
my
numerous books.
and
When
th' task
pleated,
ayde you
Seeke
it
(my
designe
is
so farre
worked out in
were
it
342
o' itselfe.
may
assistant
whose worke
my
At no time
sir, all
shal
Much
doth
it
behoove
man
to
I,
constantly heed-
my
birth
many
years
longer than was absolutely necessary, lest seeking to acquire that which, while most truly
my right,
beeing settled
by
my
royall
mother upon
my
many
worthie honours I
scattered, in-
as fruitfull
and widely
any workes of
is
it
E'ature.
This however
it
make mention
alreadie
of
it,
here.
Seeke
out
if
found
and make a
full historic of
my owne
I shall
all
life
and
times.
The
men who
historian
live in the
world will
much valew
a worke so
a living
when
to
be no more
bodie
my
be the sound of
to
my
long
them
in tones well
rememvoyce
to
this
song.
NATURAL HISTORY.
mastery.
348
Your
dutie although
somewhat dull
it
is
of so
great importancy, I
pains,
am
assured that
is lest
but
my
great fear
be fully work'd
Doe me not
so
meane
work
to
my monument
principallie
much
my
other history,
is
for I give
you
my
o'
worke
worthy
o'
preservacion.
One must
in the
weeke can
any value
to
men,
time
in
so short.
my
moment
idly,
when
Oft
my
table seemes to
me
as a study,
and I too
frequently invite
upon
my worke
my friends when my minde seemes more then my guests; yet do I accompt my repuas I
tation as
do con-
verse with great ease, and (as hath beene said) with so
much
tion.
spiritt
my absorpmany
of
Many
made
my
a
newe Cipher.
You
or divisions;
by which I separated the parts rule will, per contra, put them together
Thus,
when
take a part of that for your story, then follow the same
o' th'
hidden Cyphe'.
8 14
Follow
of
my
It
is
o' this
worke
another quite manif este reaso' th' Cyphers are not as justly
work'd out
i^
my
later
as
I had intended
could overrest.
time
something no
man
come.
Surely
my
it
I firmly beleeve
to
were not in
am
but partlie
satisfied.
The
who
chiefe wish I
now have
is
to continue
my
rightfull,
my
toyling f ellowes,
We
know
things,
owe more
Therin
lieth the
must ye in
like
manner give?
me
Make a
table, as
said,
putting therin
mark
When a word
has
many
and questionable
table,
tume
it,
to
your small
and finding
them,
for
^but
keies I have
named
small tilda, or
mark
of this kinde
is
used, sometimes, to
NATURAL HISTORY.
The mark
said, is
is
345
neare key-words.
My
not onely in the prose, but also in the diverse other workes.
may
finde
them named
which
as joyningis
manner shewing
their use,
to bring
parts together.
You must
:
likewise keep in
minde one
to like.
it is,
that like
must be joyn'd
called, in
many
prose
pamphlets and
jugates, connaturalls
and similars or
parallels.
my many stage-plaies,
histories,
poemes,
Virgil,
little
and many
worth save
it
indirectly
true,
who
Marlone
doth put
forth
downe
is
sure to take
it
up
againe.
It sheweth
my
love for
mine
angelic-faced, softe-eyed
of
my
garden of
th' heart.
My
this
table of keyes
by which each
many workes
my books,
places, in
many
birth
my
earliest yeeres,
be
my
and
right-
It
is
subject matter occupies one space, your numerous instructions so widely dispersed, nothing given with
346
matter introduced to
the intention.
Yet the
trnlie dilligent
may
in
let or missled,
and I
shall rest
ill
may
It
many who
worth
if
I have
my
inventions
so perfected that
nothing
may
My
I
still
but
sus-
many
questionings,
and much
picion, perchance,
on the
owne
prope' person.
me
I
my
life
was the
nor
may
now
But
many men
for a
kingdome would
my
kingdome
is
in immortall glory
generations.
it is
among men
from
generatio' unto
comming
An
unend-
my
browe, and
farre better
am assured,
then
many
Yet when I have said it, my heart the great wrong that I must forever endure.
ceremonie.
is
sad for
Seeke
th'
key-words
if
you would
given him
who shewes
still
hidden history.
This you
may
Word-Cypher if it be
it
in severall places I
NATURAL HISTORY.
have found the
letter I
347
for
my
purposes.
I shewe
many
this
by
my
it
is
fellow-historians, for
page of history
as the
^knew
Queene
it,
and
and fear'd
What
will
grow therfrom,
one who
o'
by
King
the
whom
then was
justlie
my
so),
the other
th'
His Ma.
o'
th'
important onely as
sonne
th'
man who
owne kingdome,
land.
Eng-
The
principall reason
which makes
It
is
my
the
let
power with
and
justice,
removed from
me
my
surest
may
not
my
from
all eies,
men by
writing, in
many
my writings
such of the
As the worke would scantily paye hunting men as must be rewarded promptlie,
patientlie secrets that
be of a
that do turne
many
times
^
348
Many who
as oft
the
game
is
may happen
left
he
is
in as good
humour
My
fierce
labyrinth
is
tortuous, guarded
than
th'
It
is
not noteworthy to
th' observer, in
prepared in a
neste,
way that arouses curiosity. Farre fro' her the Lapwing cries, away; and I have thus farre
results,
insomuch
lost.
now
I feare that
is
my
But
faith
conquered; for
we do
i'
rank, not so
to distrust.
we
give
waye
This that
is
cast
may some
th' grain
daye
nor
plough
exceed
th'
his.
it
shall be,
my
it
fame must
who
forward can
many
comedy of The Old Wives' Tale; and Shakespeare, his Twelfe Mght, or What You Will; Comedy of Errors;
NATURAL HISTORY.
Midsommer Night' Dreame; As You Like
Labour
Lost,
It;
349
Love's
ISText
and Th'
Two Gentlemen
of Yerona.
o'
Paris of Peele,
o'
Jew
o'
Malta,
is
When
By
this
all
these rules, as
many.
to
you
oft-times
much
profite,
stories are
in this Cyphe'.
Many
my
Cipher-work.
times that
many
my
mention of
it
dificultie
must be
scene, then I
all
is
They who may have an ardent desire for glory, hereby may find a waye to gain the honour which they thus
fervently and fev'rously seeke.
He
that
is
imployed to
matters of
much concerne
faile to
and
to princes,
want
other,
possibly
many and
ever
is
To
him
shall
my
many
times,
850
nor can
human
history
fair
when my
life is done,
to aske:
"Is
my
my
It
pride,
is
my
thing?"
labor:
his
said to
to his
may
assail
him.
light
upon
fiery pillar
in th' noontime,
shall this light
Many moneths
feete,
and comforting
the
his
not
be
the
leader
through
all
twisted,
subtile
turnings.
As houndes pursew
the quest
justlie
till
Time
will
his
pay
he provided early in
who wandereth
he hath found
in E'ight
th' light.
untill
Your
is
assurance
may grow
strong,
shall
my
end
sure.
Alas,
great
how do men's mindes turne to the hope of a name in some other waie, when no greatnesse of
Some, however, are
by
birth.
Such are
heires to kingdomes, as I
NATURAL HISTORY.
pow'r that Europe doth tremble in dread
o'
351
wrath and
:
yet I
am
Ma.
My mother
nor did
as
him publickly
her
of her raigne.
who now
Cipher,
am
the Prince so
My
heart burneth in
my
bosom,
my
and threateneth
to orepeer the
whenere
my
eager
I^or
is it
But there
that within
to
my
spiritt saith
i
as befittteth kings.
no vaine
in
conceit,
no
idole dreame.
But
my veines
Whose sourse, no other than the heart of him Sumam'd the Conqueror, sent i' crimson rivers.
Warm,
vitall,
swift, in
o'
many
channels running;
th' bold,
Through heart
Whom men
re-christen'd Cordelion
^Richard,
The Lion Heart; through artiers of that king, Edward the Third in name ^th' first in honor; And in bold Henry Fifth coursing like fire; That bloud inflam'd my grandsire Henry Eight; Surged in the veines of Queen Elizabeth, My royall mother; now, to me come downe,
Yea,
it is
mine,
,
352
gift irrevocable
Jove himselfe
With awfull bending browe, the nod that shaketh The firm foundation of the solid globe With fev'rous earthequakes, maketh Heaven tremble
In terrour and
affright,
To secret ocean cave a frighten'd horde Of cowering waves, had pow'r to give Or unto humankind, decree more fix'd.
to gods,
kind.
The theam
of the
exteriour works
play,
often no
waye concerneth
that
some of
my
is
Many
and Homer.
he hath begun
tions; yea,
my
instruc-
scattered
my
direcif
tions that it
letter
would surprise
still
me beyond
measure,
my
remaine
read.
may
When
written,
suificient
to
make
is
this history
o'
may be
the writing
th'
secrets
chiefest in
my
conceit,
for 'twere a
more note-worthy
thing, I hold, to
make
history of
NATURAL HISTORY.
353
redounde most
to
our credit of
all
our
worthy
labou',
and
decipherer, but
no part
will reveale,
left to
inasmuch
as it is
nowhere found or
nowhere
my
The reason
spies
not farre
t'
seeke;
'tis
this:
the
many
eies
not a
moment when we
Her Ma.
This then
onely cause of
my
secrecyj but it
is
much
now
instead, I will
spend
my
given in
my my history
is strictly
her
sayings, or ceremonies.
It
formed her
she did not reckon sonnes as jeweles, nor did she openly
acknowledge either
my
brother or myself
borne princes
Th' sole
ceaselesse corosive
relief e
th' heart.
my
wrong that doth so embitter my dayes. Men can eat sleepe, dHnke, worke when the heart is bowed down in
354
lives,
and
Chief of sorrows
of such
a sense of willful
as
wrong on
obligation
th' part
men
or
women
have greatest
by
relation,
iifferior,
in
life.
magnify
and
increase.
Why
bosom
o'
our kind.
Who
hath so great
of right or
life,
Who
A foole
o'
the
man
thought.
is
Your work
its
every
part
it
may
manner and
work
upon others
my
labour
may be
so
comin
pared:
it is
make
sweeter and
more pleasing musicke. But we shall have occasion to shew the wonderfully beautifull harmony that hath at one
time been brought forth,
if
us.
There
is
a play in some of
my
Britaine.
It
hath as principall
related events,
actors,
familiar.
Historie
NATURAL HISTORY.
render of importance, I have
cerning
355
made
a play.
The
parts con-
my
as
you no
and
also
much
o'
whom
o'
Britaine, will be
found in the
his-
my Essays,
in
It shall give
many
a portion of
my
history, for
my
owne
was
case
is
my claime
Wrongs have been done me which none have known but persons who kept th'
just, his built
on thin
aire.
secret of
my early life.
In
this
time,
mania of
this
them
If
will
you keepe
my
life
shall portray
many
It
a scene in that
the vaine crie
of Elizabeth,
my owne
royall parent.
is
the tortured one doth utter ere the spirit doth quit the
earthly frame.
You
much matter
to-
in
more
and
so
hand, as
356
Many
it
a yeare I did
work upon
it
this
method
so
to perfect
as a
for use,
and I submit
to
you not
much
work
which
right,
shall
ment
that
my labours
off,
and,
past,
Europe must
also reap
where
th'
sunshine doth
As
to write,
(I use a native
Many
it
of
inasmuch
attention.
my
come
to th'
this.
work
of
my
silent
as
may
arise if I give
not some
my owne
NATURAL HISTORY.
play.
357
As
which I spent
this apart.
ity,
as for
all th'
Seeke
all
many
it
bookes.
Like fingers
of the
on a guide-post they
way out
map
shall
or chart.
thing to
table
do in
of
in
all,
my
work so named) also th' numerous and diverse names that designate various works.
When
is
this
unnecessary for
my
de-
signe.
must come
is
This in truth
in part
my
plan, as I have
steel.
is
any of the
and
in th' weaknesse
man's
first
Yet custome
a perfect
the
thereafter th'
hand of
man
is
will of a tirelesse
358
microcosme
myselfe.
so,
my fields of ripening
not so immortall as
my
It
is
to
I, alone,
am
weake and
help-
you must afford strength for my frame. Yours is the hand that must lead me whither my steps would go
lesse;
my sole
hope and
least or
stale
^the
judge
who
is
to give sentence
upon the
upon the
I speak
whom
were guilty
tence
when
ment.
When my
shall,
lie,
as the soules of
men
in-
eies of
men and
men's praise
manie
nations' contumely.
Then
my
my
ease that
all
my
studies.
So must
th' sons of
my name bee
men; and
shall
among
in
new when
NATURAL HISTORY.
It
359
while Fortune hath somewhat of a woman's nature, hastening her steps whenere pursued, studies and learning
may
all
lovers.
Knowledge
if
will
reward
who
'No
now
e'rly daies
life itself e
was
crowne then
seemed
to
to
my
head.
My
right was
made
plaine
my owne
some
secret
bending or stooping
as a card
my
mother's
spirit,
yet
my
fate
was
die cast
men, not
how
mortall
a
seeme unto my father, for, said hee, "A man may speak falselie upon occasion but he was strange man who dared live a falsehood;" nevertheless
live,
hee did
the unacknowledg'd
husband
of
Queene
Elizabeth,
my
mother.
artles actour,
and
managers or
factors,
who
served as his
When
my
former study of
and
most
my
potent reason
may
be
In
my
Cipher
as
see,
said modell,
thinke
worthy of
attention.
360
Make
Atlantis,
work
stories,
entitled,
New
directions.
Here you
work
as
may
finde a rule
by which Cipher
of value and
which
this secret
is
when
a future time
my
other workes.
my
worke
my
history.
owne eventfuU life, the sorry course of the Earle that was mine apparent friend, when in fact he is my brother and my enemy, the reall pollicy that (as Queene of a
mighty people, and ruler above every other which then
did reigne
i'
th'
bounds
o'
now
mis-
This rule
is
as follows:
in
had stood in
juxtaposition.
The
as in that
When
these are
all
o'
Homer is
many
This
is
it
shewing out
my
NATURAL HISTORY.
valued books have given the
renoiine or I might loose
361
name which
I bear worthiest
my
immortall honors
the fame
t'
When
place
story
this
worke
is
finished,
the
fifty-one,
th' secret
The keyes
The
storie of
my
secret mission
is
hath beene
said, I
was intrusted
at that
as to
and I had a
livelie
this enter-
should so bende
Her
Majestie's
minde
to
my my
wish.
to negotiate both
treaties at once,
to a breach
Both
calamities, however,
my
hope.
From
life,
swinging like a
At
length I turned
my
attention
from
and used
all
my
ment
name
bee best
owne agrandizement
sight
o'
desires to approove
my worthinesse in th' my
my bookerights, not
by thus doing
I should advance
my
363
aware of
bringing this to
Her
how
farre this
was from
th'
mj
heart at
jeal-
any time,
especiallie in
my
yonth, but
Queene's
ousie so blinded her reason that she, folowing th' suggestion of malice,
shewed
little
pride in
my
attempts, discov-
ering in truth
more
little
Mary
in-
which came
swaded, I
a wish to goe
was almost
per-
am
man from
the gaye Courtier, whilst her chamber should, in her absence, be closed as
it
though suf'ring
so
much payne
as that
Lady
and
th' physitian.
But
this foolish
it
was brought to
ful-
making
it
For yeares
th'
more
owne countrey
beth.
* Shortly after the return of her rival to her native land Note. This MS. line omitted from the original. See Rawley's Explanation
(page
368).
NATURAL HISTORY.
Againe a
desire to looke
363
stirr'd
in her, so that
newe
curiosity
made her
inquire of
all
who
knew
ous
hair, qualitie of
my ill-advis'd
Her
my
my
Queene Mary
this
could.
of wonder that
th' trouble that
it
was spoken of in
medium by which
a com-
The Queene
set
it
mee
at discyph'ring this,
nor can I
grew
so clear that
it
would glimmer
She did
affect greatly
th' soveraigne
then on
difficult,
th' throne.
and
to
me
^not
having
to
decypher,
my
my
owne
my-
part wish'd, for I had a secret sympathy for this poor wanderer although
selfe
by no menes
interesting or engaging
364
As
Her
me
of open assistance
when
in th'
had much
to
my
owne marriage, not a wante of fitnesse in the parties. However, no act or written word could bee produced in proof,
or cited to
it
that
was shewn
away and
my
assistance as adviser,
and I
may
spire as
Th^
very power and grandeur awakeneth a reverence or a veneration in th' heart, and give a sovereigne
with
oiir
Supreme Huler,
it
advis-
nature that
make
just complaint,
and
th'
matter then
Her
Majestic soften'd so
much
towards
my
unthinking
father, that instead o' driving him away implacably, she gave him command at once of her army in f oreigne warres, and disspatcht him as Master o' th' Horse of Her Majestie's
army
in th' E'etherlands.
A
ity
warned by
divided minde of
there, at
Her
Majestic, swaying
now
here,
now
In
to revengeful
intents.
NATURAL HISTORY.
ing
it,
365
its
kir.dnesse
and
forbearrance.
sentence
when
if triall
that
may
bee
entituFd,
when
th'
haplesse prisoner
must needs
chose^
to obtaine
any defender in
sentence
proceedings,
i'
but,
likewise,
execution.
Soone there was a secret interview betweene Lord Burleigh [and] Earle of Leicester, to which
was summoned
who was
and
so threaten'd
by
on paine
his lord^that
hee
dreadful death-warrant.
The life of the Secretarie was forfeit to the deede when Her Majesty became aware that so daring a crime had beene committed, but who shall say that the blow fell on
the guilty head; for, truth to say, Davison was onely a
life
seem'd
hang
blame doth
be,
fall
on those
to his
who
led
him
Elizabeth too
suffi-
by no meanes
was
bosom
woman to her death before her time. The Duke of Norfolk, it is quite true, lost his life through too much zeale to Mary's cause, united, it is said,
unfortunate
366
wed
How-
what
life
tickle
on
But theame
which
is
a painfull
me now
and furnish'd
me
th' subject
matter of one
my
this
it
war-
much
it is
sooner then
was
Queene
had
know'e that
all plots
my
mother,
them
by
be attaint of treason.
th' divorce
unlawful!, in
verie truth,
Anne
Mary
Bolyne,
children bastards.
Granting
th' premise,
of Scots
should
of England.
digress'd,
is
soe
At
Mary
this
which for
occasion
we
cloake that cover'd her from head to foote; with her were
her attendants.
stood in silence
The
by the
NATURAL HISTORY.
the room, were the English Lords, Kent, Shrewsbury,
367
Mon-
idlie conversing.
pale
from want
o'
rest
but was
services of her
owne
spake
priest; it
little
She
commended
th' quarrell
God her
Then she
stept
floor
to
woman and to her in highest degree, she bade her waiting women farewell, thanked Lord Montague who had spoken
for her
when
onely
set
the blocke.
So ended Marie of
herein,
if
Scots,
is
downe
and in
my
liveth as fresh as
As hath beene
said, this is
hidden in
th'
works in
th'
upon
my
my
of
work.
is left
nor can I
beleeve
all
it lost.
those
who commit
you
my name
and labours.
";
left
out,
repeated
are
thus
do
th' syllables
and
letters
sometimes appear,
sometimes have
stray'd
from
number
of these
On
sixty-five,
speaking of
Her
Majesty, reade
This no
I
doubt
is
thinke
much
right
priz'd epistle to
to sett
errours.
you
in
order that
WILLIAM RAWLEY.
1
APPEN^DIX.
IRREGULAR PAGING OF ORIGINAL EDITIONS.
Advancement
of Learning.
17, 19, 24
Book
I.
Pages
16, 18, 34
occur twice;
are missing.
103 occur twice; 70, 99 occur
74 occur four times; 73, 105 mis-
Book
II.
Pages
three times;
69,
placed; 9 missing.
Spenser's Faerie Queene.
Pages
10, 23
occur twice;
8,
33 missing.
Shakespeare Plays
Pages
51, 58
occur twice;
50, 59
Comedy of Errors. Page 88 occurs twice; 86 missing. Midsummer Night's Dream. Pages 151, 163 occur twice;
161 missing.
153,
Merchant of Venice. Pages read 163, 162, 163, 166. As You Like It. Page 187 occurs twice; 189 missing. Taming of the Shrew. Page 212 occurs twice; 214 missing. All Is Well. Pages 251, 252 occur twice; 249, 250 missing. Twelfth Night. Page 273 occurs twice; 265 missing. Henry IV. Part I.Pages read 46, 49. Henry IV. Part II.Pages 91, 92 occur twice; 89, 90 missing.
Henry
VI.
Part III.Pages
167, 168
missing.
Henry
Page 218 occurs twice; 216 missing. Only two pages numbered 79, 80. Romeo and Juliet. Last two pages read 76, 79; missing, 77, In deciphering after 76 of R. and J. use 78 and 78. 79 of T. and C, then 79 of R. and J.
VIII.
Timon
of Athens.
Pages
81, 82
occur twice.
Hamlet.
Next
279 missing.
King Lear.
Cymbeline.
Page 308 reads 38. Page 389 occurs twice; 379 missing.
Page 390
reads 993.
APPENDIX.
Anatomy
of Melancholy (1628) Democritus to Reader. Pages 39, 40 occur twice. Anatomy. Pages 62, 78, 79, 86, 88, 89, 91, 114, 115,
583, 584
251, 259,
occur twice.
66,
in place of
351,
360;
Pages
96,
98,
101,
214,
215,
359
missing.
De Augmentis.
Pages
396 occur
386,
twice;
187,
204,
248,
372,
376,
369,
383,
537
missing.
Natural History.
Page 39 occurs twice; 35 missing. In deciphering, the pages of the same number must be joined
If
its
number
is
advance of
its duplicate.
it
regular order,
If a page occurs numbered later than its must be brought forward and follow its dupli-
most
of
SPENSEK
" Spenser's Shepheardes Calender was in its day a book great interest, not only because it made the world acquainted with the new poet,' but also because it contained allusions to personages of distinction well known, and to circumstances From 1579-97, in a space of eighteen familiar to everybody.
'
'
'
years,
it
passed through
book is still interesting, but for other Firstly, as the earliest work of importance by the reasons. The Faerie Queen.' Secondly, because, as Dean writer of appropriately observes, it Church in his Life of Spenser marks a turning-point in the history of English literature twenty years had passed since the publication of Tottel's MisShepheardes Calender ^ cellany, and the appearance of the Thirdly, from the gave a new impulse to English Poetry. mysterious circumstances connected with its publication."
In our days the
'
little
'
'
'
'
'
are some of the " mysterious circumstances" 5th, 1579, " The Shepheardes Calender " was entered at Stationers' Hall, under the name of Hugh Singleton, according to the following transcript
The following
On December
Hughe
Singleton Lycenced unto him the Shepperdes Calender conteyninge xij eclogues proportionable to the xij monethes vjd.
;
Neither in the entry nor on title page is the author's name mentioned, but on its verso some dedicatory verses are signed "Immerito." ^
This edition is dedicated, or " Entitled to the Noble and Vertuous Gentlemen, most worthy of all titles, both of learning and chevalrie, M. Philip Sidney." " Printed by Hugh Singleton, dwelling in Creede Lane neere unto Ludgate at the signe of the gylden Tuntie, and are there to be solde."
Four copies of
1.
known
to exist
Museum.
2. 3.
4.
In the Bodleian Library, Oxford. No. 293 Capell, T. 9, in Library of Trinity College, Cambridge. No. 427 of the Huth Library.
:
The next four editions are published by John Harrison the younger, to whom Hugh Singleton assigned the book as follows
John harrison
:
29 October [1581] Assigned over from hugh Singleton to have the shep-
vjd.
The second edition was '^ Imprinted at London by Thomas East for John Harrison the younger, dwelling Pater noster Roe, 1581." at the signe of the Anker, and are there to bee solde. This second edition is olso dedicated to Philip Sidney. It is rare, but found in the Grenville Collection, in the Bodleian,
Trinity College, and
Huth
Libraries.
The third edition was " Imprinted at London by John Wolfe for John Harrison the yonger, dwelling in Pater noster
Roe, at the signe of the Anker.
1586."
" Printed
by John Windet
etc.
for
John
1591."
The fifth edition was " Printed by Thomas Creede for John Harrison the yonger, dwelling Pater noster Roe, at the signe of the Anchor, etc. 1597."
In 1611, together with some other poems, the Shepheardes Calender appeared for the first time with the poet's name The Faerie Queen attached to it this volume has the title Together with the other works of The Shepheards Calendar England's Arch-Poet, Edm. Spenser. ^ Collected into one Volume and carefully corrected. Printed by H. L. for Mathew Lownes. Anno Dom. 1611, fol. This volume is dedicated to Queen Elizabeth thus To the Most High, Mightie, and Magnificent Emperesse, Renouned for Pietie, Vertue, and all Gracious Government Elizabeth, By the Grace of God, Queene of England, France, and Ireland, and of Virginia Defender of the Faith, &c. Her most humble Servaunt, Edmund Spenser, doth
; :
:
in all humilitie dedicate, present, and consecrate these his labours, to live with the eternitie of her Fame.
Spenser returned to England (1598) a ruined, heart-broken man, and died in the January following, tivelve years before the book was attributed to his authorship, and the above dedication to Queen Elizabeth.
By
The following
first edition.
lines are
Goe
As
But if that any aske thy name, Say thou wert base begot with blame: For thy thereof thou takest shame. And when thou art past jeopardee. Come tell me, what was sayd of mee: And I will send more after thee.
Immerito.
CIPHER STORY.
DISCOVERED AND DECIPHERED BY
ORVILLE
W.
OWEN,
M. D.
IVORD CIPHER,
(Etpl^cr
Story,
Spenser and Burton, has reached the sixth book, and others in
process of translation.
ter so far deciphered, will be indicated
SYNOPSIS,
BOOK
Francis Bacon's Letter
I.
to the Decipherer, Embracing the plan of the work, explanation of methods, and reasons for writing the narrative in Cipher.
Epistle Dedicatory.
45
To him who
TJie Curse.
56
61-67
his humiliation.
97
Discovery that he was son of Elizabeth. his foster mother, Lady Ann Bacon.
Confirmation by
154 170
184 190
recounts to Francis The early life of Elizabeth and the end of the reign of- Mary.
BOOK
; ;
II.
Continues The account of Elizabeth the wooing of Leicester in the Tower bribes the Holy Friar to take him to Elizabeth frightens him into performing the marriage ceremony; plotting the death of Leicester's wife, Ay me Kobsart; Ayme Robsart visits the Queen; stormy
;
200 202
224 226 235 248
interview
death of
Ayme
Robsart.
Second Marriage of Elizabeth and Leicester. By Sir Nicholas Bacon, in the presence of Lady Ann Bacon
and Lord Puckering. Account interrupted by a summons from the Queen.
250 252
256
Banished
to
France.
263
377
Commander.
BOOK
The Spanish Armada
^
III.
40i 459 489 492 493
Continued. Bacon visits the Queen and pleads for his prisoner Don Pedro whom he rescued from drowning. Entrance of Lord High Admiral, Capt. Palmer and Sir Anthony Cook. Don Pedro before the Queen. Plea for mercy. *' The quality of mercy is not strain'd." The Queen " aweary of his speech," wishes to hear the Admiral's report of the battle, which is described. Capt. Drake tells of the second day's battle. Allegorical description giving the names of Spanish and EngAdmiral Howard recounts his lish vessels engaged. part in the fight. Capt. Drake describes the storm.
Capt. Palmer's experiences in the German Seas. Don Martin, a prisoner before the Queen. Bacon again begs for Don Pedro.
494
495 498 499 512 526 530 552 558 566
Enter
with letters. " The end has come." So by a roaring tempest on the flood, A whole ArmfiSo of convicted sail
sailors
Is scatter'd
Epilogue.
571
BOOK
Massacre of St. Bartholomew. Mary Queen of Scots.
Francis Bacon recurs
to
IV.
603
631
life,
his
ovm
650
652
it,
Hamlet.
Discovery by the Queen that Bacon wrote of the first copy.
Scots,
Queen Elizabeth'' s Drea^n. Her indignation and horror at the death of Mary. " Queen. Who hath made bold with the great seal, and who
Hath
inscribed
702
my name?
764
Leicester.
Your
Brought the warrant to us, the great seal stamp'd upon't. Q. Then there was a league between you to hasten her Untimely death."
Foreign Ambassadors Presented. The Queen explains to them that her savage
765
council have cruelly slain Mary, and declares her intention to hang her secretary for insubordination,
767 771 782 786
Bacon Resumes
his '^Life in FranceP Interview between Bacon and Navarre. Prayer of Navarre. Intrigues to effect his escape from France.
BOOK
V.
801
to the throne of England, lawful son of Elizabeth and Leicester. Tells of his banishment and espouses Navarre's cause.
834
BacorCs Visit
to the Huguenot Camp. Report of same to Henry III. and to Margaret of Navarre. Plan of the latter to escape to the camp.
871
Bacon Discloses
Ladder of
his Love to Margaret. cords. Disappointment. Interview with Friar. Farewell to Margaret.
926
BOOK VI
(in preparation.)
Conclusion of Bacon's
;
''''Life at the Court of France.'''^ Anjou's desertion of the Huguenots his trifling successes magnified the triumphs or fetes in his honor. Catherine's revival of " The Court of Love."
;
1001
Bacon Returns
to
England.
Stormy interview with Queen Elizabeth and Leicester. Paulet attempts to negotiate a marriage between Bacon and Margaret. Second banishment. Visit to Italy.
Bacon follows
the
Queen-mother
to the
South.
to
besiege Paris*
Throne of France,
England.
to
"
Synopsis of
Treason.
*
"The
*
Historical
Tragedy
of flary
Queen
of Scots.'*
The Law of
* Queen Klizabeth commands the presence of Leicester, who arranges to his house in London for an interview. Scene 2 Banquet room at house of Leicester. Leicester and Mary at banquet table. Queen Elizabeth secretly enters; hides behind statue. Mary proposes marriage to Leicester, they to be rulers of the French, English and Scottish realms. Elizabeth steps forth, " Doth Scotland make your Majesty our jiidgef'' Mary in surprised alarm, "'Alas, I am undone! It is the Queen.'" Interview between Elizabeth and Mary; withdrawal of Elizabeth and Leicester.
Mary
Act
front of Tower; time, midnight. Stormy interview between Queen Elizabeth Leicester; the jealous Queen declares his banishment; thrusts him away and enters. Leicester in rage: "/// empty all these veins, and shed my blood Drop by drop z' th' earth ere I will go ! Let my soul want mercy if I do notjoin With Scotland, in her behalf.'' Enter Francis Bacon, who counsels a different course. Leicester requests Bacon to plead for him to the Queen. Scene 2 Audience room of Palace. Bacon pleads for Leicester; calls upon himself the wrath of the Queen; takes leave. '' No power I have to speak, I know. nd so, farewell, I, and my griefs will go. Enter Leicester; begs that he be not banished; Queen repents. " Restrain thy apprehension; I will lay trust upon thee. And thou shall find I will preserve and love thee. I have conferred on thee the commandment of mine army beyond the sea." Lords seated at table: Queen on the throne; 111. Scene /.Council Chamber of Palace. Elizabeth announces that Leicester is to command her armies in Ireland. Strongly
'
opposed by the Lord Chancellor; Leicester accused of treason. The Queen overrules the council; makes him General and administers the oath. Scene 2. Council Chamber twelve months later. Queen Elizabeth presents the treasons of Mary Queen of Scots; gives letter of commission for her trial. Act IV. Scene /.Room in Fotheringay Castle; lords, knights, captains, lawyers and gentlemen in attendance. Queen Mary before the Court; notes the absence of the English Queen; demands her presence Will be tried by her peers, and not by servants of lesser degree; Council show warrant. Mary denies the charges; so impresses and moves the Court that Chief Justice suddenly adjourns the Court to London, fearing that by her eloquence an(i beauty she be acquitted Scene ^. Room in Tower of London; Court convenes to convict Mary; Montague speaks strongly for her; members cry Guilty! guilty! ^CT v. Scene /.Palace of the Queen. Elizabeth and train, "Q. E. Fie, what a slug is Warwick, he comes not To tell us whether they will that she shall die or no. Ah! In good time here comes the sweating lord." (Enter Warwick.'} He announces the decision of '* guilty." Enter Lords of Council; they present Elizabeth She does not si^n it. the warrant for Mary's death ''Q. E. My lord, I promise to note it cunningly; But here come the ambassadors of our brothers of France and Spain." Enter ambassadors, who plead for the life of Mary. Scene 2. Sir^GX, in London. Enter Burleigh and Secretary of the Queen (Davison); met by Leicester. All enter a public house. ,Sc^<? J. Private room; Burleigh and Leicester force the Secretary to forge the Queen's name to the warrant for Mary's execution. Scene ^.Chamber in Fotheringay Castle Queen Mary and maids. Enter English Lords. ''Q. M. Welcome, my lords.- Why do you come. IsH for my life? Lord Shrewsbury. Tis now midnight, and by eight tomorrow thou must be made immortal. Tomorrow? tomorrow! Oh! that's sudden. Q. M. How! My lord! Oh! this subdues me quite. ^* * * *
'
Good, good my lord, if I must die tomorrow. Let me have some reverend person To advise, comfort a nd pray with me.'"' (This is refused.) Scene 5.^z\\ of Fotheringay Castle, hung with black. Platform and block at end. English Lords and Gentlemen, executioner, and assistants. Enter Queen Mary dressed in black and red velvet gown. The executioner assures her "I will be as speedy in your death as all the poisonous potions in the world.
the Lords, denies the charges, asserting that they shed innocent blood,
the heavy story right,
will shed tears. Yea, even my foes will shed fast falling tears. And say it was a piteous deed to take mefrom The world, and send my soul to heaven.''^
*
*'
(She kneels and prays): me, and receive my fainting soul again ! Oh be thou merciful! as Thou know'st, unjustly which, blood our true with sister be satisfied And let our princely must be spilled ! Oh God, send to me the 7vater from the well of life, and by my death stop Let me be blessed for the every side on quietness ! 'stablish blood and effusion of Christian
(Rises.)
meet in heaven.
to the block."
(Speaks to Executionei.)
Finis
PUBLISHERS NOTE.
The present volume, "The Tragical History
Brother,
of
Our Late
its
Earl of
Essex,"
is
complete in
interest
and
historical
value,
that
may
be the
of
its
Like its immediate predecessor, "The Tragedy of Mary Queen of Scots," it has been deciphered from the Shakespeare Plays, and o.ther work^ of Bacon, by means of the Cipher system, discovered by Doctor Owen, through which the hidden
histories are being brought to light.
In the
1893,
first
book of the
"
was the astounding statement that the great Chancillor the son of Queen Elizabeth and Robert Dudley, Earl of was and that Robert, Earl of Essex, was his brother. Leicester Corroboration of this is found in the recently published British
;
the heading " Dudley " Whatever were the Queen's death, they became closer after.
Dudley before his wife's was reported that she was formally betrothed to him, and that she had secretly married him in Lord Pembroke's house, and that she was a mother already." January, 1560-1. "In 1562 the reports that Elizabeth had children by Dudley were revived. One Robert Brooks, of Devizes, was sent to prison for publishing the slander, and seven years later a man named Marsham, of Norwich, was punished for the same offence."
The
Comedy
referred to
in
the Prologue
is
now being
translated.
"The players that come forth, will to the life present The pliant men that we as masks employ
An excellent device to tell the plot. And all our cipher practice to display."
HOWARD PUBLISHING
March, 1895.
CO.
'
INTRODUCTION.
The work of deciphering the literature, in which the Cipher Bacon is found, reveals details of English history of wonderful interest, which only a participant in the events Inwrought into this literature was hidden the could record. " Tragedy of Mary Queen of Scots," embracing Mary's attempts to gain the English crown, her trial, and her tragic end, written This was published in December, 1894, and has been as a Play.
of Sir Francis
pronounced a masterpiece.
Peele, Greene,
Portions of
it
Although
of Bacon's
a remarkable production,
believed to be the
first
writings of historical
from the
ters of
earlier
skill,
more
it
experience,
and
far
feeling.
In
are
It
own
life.
and the seeming ingratitude which has so long been thought a blot upon the fame of the Lord High Chancillor. It was a life for a life Essex was foredoomed to death. The Queen sought excuse in law for the
his benefactor,
!
deed
her
commands were
Queen, *
imperative
*
i'
A worthy
Without
officer
th'
O'er-come with pride, ambitious past all thinking, Self-loving, and affecting one sole throne,
assistance.
* * Francis Bacon. O, I think not so. Q. Villain I'll set a point against thy breast. If thou dost not use most dear employment In what I further shall intend to do. By heaven, I will tear thee joint by joint, And strew a hungry churchyard with thy limbs The time and my intents are savage wild, More fierce and more inexorable far, Than empty tigers, or the roaring sea. Put not another sin upon my head. * * By urging me to fury. O, begone! * * F. B. To revenge is no valor, but to bear. To be in anger, is impiety. Q. But who is born that is not angry? Weigh but the crime with this. Blood hath bought blood, and blows have answer'd blows Strength match'd with strength, and power confronted power Both are alike, and both alike we like:
!
greatest. F. B. Believe this, Madam, No ceremony that to great ones 'longs, Not the King's crown, nor the deputed sword, The marshal's truncheon, nor the judge's robe, Becomes them with one half so good a grace * * As mercy does. Q. I was not born to die on Essex' sword * * In the name o' th' people. And in the power of us their Queen, we
Will push destruction and perpetual shame Out of the weak door of our fainting land. See, here in bloody lines we have set down And what is written shall be executed Your brother is to die, as his offences Are accounted to the law. F. B. O your Grace, Are not you then as cruel as the sentence? I know no law. Madam, that answering One foul wrong, lives but to act another.
Q. Be satisfied Your treacherous brother dies
:
be content. F. B. Oh, it is excellent, your Majesty, To have a giant's strength but it is tyrannous To use it like a giant. Q. Peace, peace sir, peace. Were I not the better part made of mercy,
;
should not seek an absent argument my revenge, thou present, thou traitor. * Look to it, thou villain. Thy life's dependent on thy brother's death. Let our instruction to thee be thy guide, Under penalty of thine own false head. F. B. I do partly understand your meaning. Q. Why then, go get thee home, thou fragment vile Peruse this writing here, and thou shalt know 'Tis death for death, a brother for a brother: Haste still pays haste, and leisure answers leisure Like doth quit like, and measure still for measure.
Of *
Synopsis of
,CT i.Scene
The
PROLOGUB. /.Horns and trumpets sound. Enter Queen Elizabeth with hounds and dogs, returning from hunt Queen and Huntsman. Enter Earl of Essex and Francis Bacon. Queen dismisses attendants. Essex announces insurrection in Ireland. Scene 2 Palace. Stormy discussion over assignment of commander of forces for Ireland. " Take thou that.''' (Boxes his ears.) Queen to Essex Essex assays to draw his sword defies her and leaves in a rage. Queen relents, and sends the Admiral and Cecil to call him back Scene ?. Cecil, Solus. Enter Essex the quarrel and blow. Scene V- Queen and Cecil. Prayer of the Queen I that never weep, now tnelt with zvoe.
: ; ; :
'"'
That my ungracious son doth hate nie so.'' Scene 5. Lady Essex warns the Earl against Cecil. Bacon and Essex. CT 11. Scene i. Elizabeth and Lords. Queen announces that Essex will go Dismisses all but Essex, to whom she promises, The next de^-ee shall be England's royal throne, for King 0/ England Shall you be proclaimed in every boroug/t,''' Scene 2. Essex outlines his puposes in Ireland. Scene j. Essex and Bacon farewell. CT 111 Scene /.Cecil tells the Queen that Essex is returning with an army. Scene 2. Elizabeth walks in her sleep. Her horrible dream. Queen Scene 3.^^^ chamber of Queen noisy arrival of Essex. The Queen
****
;
" Bless
thee.,
my
*
blessed boy,
if
Then, sir, ivithdraiv, and in an hou7- return^ Ladies in waiting dress the Queen in handsome robes. Essex returns Queen embraces him. He discourses of Ireland and claims the Dukedom of York. (Exit.) Enter Cecil, who frightens the Queen with false reasons for Essex's sudden return. Scene 4. Bacon tells Es.sex of Cecil's intrigues, and bids him fly to France. Enter Queen; Shows displeasure at Essex's return, and bids him go to his home. CT IV. Scene /.Council Chamber. Queen informs Essex he must appear before the CouuciL
;
And deliver
us this ring.
us. *
"
Essex before the Council. Insults Cecil. Scene 2. Essex commanded to close confinement in his house. Scene s.QnarTcXs with his brother Francis Bacon. Scene 4. Queen and Bacon. Bacon pleads for Essex. Interrupted by news of Essex's revolt. Scene 5. Gate of Essex's House. Lords demand his surrender Ess'ex's soldiers surround and take them away. Scene 6. Street in London. Essex endeavors to incite the mob to burn and plunder. Scene 7. Front of Essex's House Essex on walls. Alarms and clash of arms. Summoned to parley descends is arrested and conveyed to the Tower.
Queen. " Where is the Earl ? " ^^ Cecil. ^''In the Tower, Your Grace. CT v. Scene /.Order for the trial of Essex. Scene 2. Queen and Francis Bacon plea for pardon of Essex. Queen. Your treacherous brother dies! *
;
''''
>:<
Thy
li/e^s
dependent on thy
* *
brother'' s death.
Let our instruction to thee be thy guide. Under the penalty of thine own false head.
*
'
'
Peruse this writing here, and thou shall know Tis death for death, a brother for a brother; Haste still pays hatte, and leisure answers leisure: Like doth quit like, and jueasure still for measure.^'' Trial of Essex. He denounces Cecil. Essex condemned to execution. .SVr^<f J. Star Chamber. 6"c<r^^. Streets of London. Essex under guard; axe, edge toward him led to dungeon. .SV-^< 5. Garden of Palace. Lady Essex and child before the Queen pleads for Essex's life. Francis Bacon supports her and supplicates the Queen, without result. * '' * Queen, Til see that he Be executed by nine to-morrow morning.'''' Scene 6. Dungeon. Essex. " No bending knee will call me Caesar now^^ (Enter Bacon.) O thou damned cur; Whom to call brother would infect my mouth. Get thee gone, thou most wicked sir!
;
;
''/s it my fault that I was forced to plead? How much thou 7urongst tne. Heaven be my judge " Essex upbraids him with sharpest scorn. Enter Lord Keeper commands Bacon to depart gives commission to jailor. Jailors bind Essex in a chair show him the order. ^^ Must you with hot irons burn out both my eyes ?
Bacon,
Cut out my tongue so thai I may still keep Both mine eyes.''"' (Jailor tears out one eye, then the other.)
''All
***** ******
GENERAL LIBRARY
U.C.
BERKELEY
BDDDfll.7333
Ml664t