You are on page 1of 13

Bibliografi . Abraham, M.R. (1997). The learning cycle approach to science instruction.

Research Matters to the Science Teacher, [Online , [!ia"ses # Mac #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.e'uc.s+u.ca)narstsite)publications)research)cycle.htm Abraham, M.R. , Renner -... (19/0). The se1uence o+ learning cycle acti2ities in high school chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 23(22), m.s. 1#13145. Abraham, M.R , &irnie, 6.6. (19/%). 7econ'ary school stu'ents8 belie+ about the physics laboratory. Science Education, 69(5), m.s. 0493005. Abraham, R. (19/%). 9iel' in'epen'ence3'epen'ence an' teaching grammar. TESO !uarterl", #9, m.s. 0/937$#. Abtar :aur (199/). !esigning .eb pages +or e++ecti2e learning. $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en &ersatuan Te)nologi &endidi)an Mala"sia, 'ali )e ##, m.s. 139. Abu &a"ar ;or'in (19/0). *sas &enilaian &endidi)an. :uala <umpur( 6eineman (M) 7'n. &h'. Ahma' =ha>ie ?brahim (1994). 9o"us beberapa pen'e"atan penilaian 'alam mata pela@aran Aen'i'i"an 7eni :&7M. Masalah &endidi)an, :uala <umpur( Bni2ersiti Malaya. m.s. 9139/. Ahma' =ha>ie ?brahim (#$$$). Aenga@aran 'an pembela@aran Aen'i'i"an 7eni 'i se"olah, 'ulu, "ini 'an masa ha'apan. $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en 'e+angsaan &endidi)an Seni ,isual, m.s. 9731$#. Alessi, 7.M. , Trollip, 7.R. (1991). -o%.uter/0ased 1nstruction2 Methods and $e(elo.%ent. ;e* -ersey( Arentice 6all. Ambron, -. (19/7). .riting to impro2e learning in &iology. Journal of -ollege Science Teaching, 3,1 (4), m.s. #053#00. An'erson, T.!. , -oerg, ..&. (1990). ... to support classroom teaching. -anadian Journal of Educational -o%%unication, 25(#), m.s. 1935%. Aspillaga, M. (1991). 7creen 'esign( <ocation o+ in+ormation an' e++ects on learning. Journal of -o%.uter 0ased 1nstruction, (#5), m.s. /939#. &aharu''in Aris, Mohama' &ilal , Muhama' :asim (#$$1). Aembela@aran +i>i" secara "olaborati+ mengguna"an laman *eb 'an ?nternet. ,irTE- Journal, # (#)6 m.s. 153#4.

&ae", C.:. , <ayne, &.6. (19//). Dolor, graphics, an' animation in a computer3 assiste' learning tutorial lesson. Journal of -o%.uter/0ased 1nstruction , #5(4), m.s. 151315%. &ec"er, !. A. , !*yer, M. M. (1994). Bsing hyperme'ia to pro2i'e learner control. Journal of Educational Multi%edia and 7".er%edia , 3 (2), m.s. 1%%3 17#. &est, -... , :ahn, -.E. (199/). Research in Education (/th e'), ;ee'ham 6eight, MA( Allyn , &acon. &eyon, -. , Mac"y, 6. (1995). -o%.uter +ased 1nstruction2 Methods and $e(elo.%ent . ;-( Arentice 6all. &lan', -., 7un'berg, D... , =ol'ston, M.-. (#$$4). The impact o+ an on line <earning Dycle Mo'ule *ith pre3ser2ice elementary science teachers, *%erican Educational Research *ssociation. [Online , [!ia"ses 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())con2ention.allaca'emic.com)aera#$$4)2ie*FpaperFin+o.html &o'>ine, A. , Dats, .. (#$$5). Gnhancing preser2ice teachers8 un'erstan'ing o+ .eb3 base' scienti+ic in1uiry. Journal of Science Teacher Education, #4(4), m.s. 1$$031$7#. &org, D. , =all, M.!. (19/9), Educational Research2 *n 1ntroduction (%th e'), ;e* Cor"( <ongman. &roa'ban' Technology in Malaysia (#$$4). 1nternational 0usiness Strategies, [Online , [!ia"ses 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.internationalbusinesstrategies.com)'ata)TOD)#71/$411malaysiaFbroa'Fpag es13#.p'+ &roo"s, -.=. , &roo"s, M.=. (1995). Traditional (s6 constructi(ist classroo%s6 *le8andria, EA( Association +or 7uper2ision an' Durriculum !e2elopment, (A7D!). &runer, -.7. (190$). The &rocess of Education. ;e* Cor" ( Eintage &oo"s. &runner, -.&. (1974). 0e"ond the 1nfor%ation 9i(en. ;e* Cor"( ;otton. &runing, R., 7chra*, =. , Ronning, (199%). -ogniti(e &s"cholog" and 1nstruction6 (2 nd Ed6), Gngle*oo' Dli++s, ;-( Arentice36all. Darin, A.A. , 7un', R.&. (1971). $e(elo.ing !uestion Techni:ues2 * Self/-once.t *..roach. Dolumbus, O6( Dharles G. Merrill. Darlson, !.A. (197%). Training in +ormal reasoning abilities pro2i'e' by the in1uiry role approach an' achie2ement on the Aiagetian +ormal operational le2el. $issertation *+stract, 36 (##) (7504A.

Dhang 6... (1997). Teori Seni Ta%.a)2 *sas Seni Re)a. :uala <umpur( !e*an &ahasa 'an Austa"a. Dhinien, D. , &outin, 9. (1995). Dogniti2e style 9!)9?( An important learner characteristic +or e'ucational technologists 6 Journal of Educational Technolog" S"ste%s, 2#(24), m.s. 5$53511. Dhing, <., Dhen, 7.C. , Macre'ie, R.!. (#$$#). Dogniti2e styles an' hyperme'ia na2igation( !e2elopment o+ a learning mo'el. Journal of the *%erican Societ" for 1nfor%ation Science and Technolog", 53(#), m.s. 57%34$#. Dhou, D. , <in, 6. (199/). The e++ect o+ na2igation map types an' cogniti2e styles on learners8 per+ormance in computer3net*or"e' hyperteHt learning system. Journal of Educational Multi%edia and 7".er%edia, ;(2<3), m.s. 1%13170. Dollins, A. , 7te2ens, A.<. (19/5). A cogniti2e theory o+ in1uiry teaching. $i dala% Reigeluth (Ed6) 1nstructional $esign Theories and Models2 *n O(er(ie= of Their -urrent Status, 6ills'ale( <a*rence Garlbaum Associates. m.s. #%$3#70. Dollins, &. (1990). The ?nternet as an e'ucational inno2ation( <essons +rom eHperience *ith computer implementation. Educational Technolog", 36 (6), m.s. #135$. Doo", T.!. , Dampbell, !.9. (1979). !uasi/E8.eri%entation $esign > *nal"isis 1ssues for ?ield Settings. Dhicago( Ran' Mc ;ally. !ay, T.M. (1990). The e++ects o+ *** instruction on learning styles on achie2ement an' changes in stu'ent attitu'es in a technical *riting in agricommunication course. M7c Thesis, Mississippi 7tate Bni2ersity, $issertation *+stract, [Online , AA115/#4707, [!ia"ses 1# -an #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())e'ucation.ti.com)us)resources)research)parta.html !e =ra2e, ..7., !olmans, !. , Ean !er Eleuten, D.A.M. (1999). Aro+iles o+ e++ecti2e tutors in A&<( 7ca++ol'ing stu'ent learning. Medical Education, 33, m.s. 9$139$0. !ershem, 6. (1990). 9in'ing an' 'e2eloping research eHperiences +or un'ergra'uates in the small college setting. The Journal of -o%.uting in S%all -olleges, #2(#2), m.s. 9439%. !ic", .., Darey, <. M., , Darey, -.O. (#$$1). The S"ste%atic $esign of 1nstruction (5th Ed6). ;e* Cor"( A''ison3.esley. !uin, A.6. (19//). 9actors that in+luence ho* rea'ers learn +rom teHt( =ui'elines +or structuring technical 'ocuments. Technical -o%%unication, (36), m.s. 9731$1.

!ur+ensne, A. , Turcotte, 7. (1997). -ogniti(e st"le and its i%.lications for na(igation strategies6 [Online , [!ia"ses( % April #$$4 . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.esi.umontreal.ca)I'u+resne)DO;TG;B#.html. !iEesta, 9. (197%). Trait3treatment interaction, cogniti2e processes, an' research on communication me'ia. * , -o%%unication Re(ie=, (23), m.s. 1/%3190. !ri2er, R., 71uires, A., Rush*orth, A. , .oo', R.E. (1994). Ma)ing Sense of Secondar" Science2 Research into -hildren@s 1deas . ;e* Cor"( Routhle'ge. Gager, &. (1994). Asing the Borld Bide Be+. ?n'ianapolis( Jue Dorporation. Gager, &., Ai"e, M. A., Dhan'ler, !., Doo", !. :ir"ner, &. , Minatel, -.M. (199%). Asing The Borld Bide Be+ and Mosaic (S.ecial Edition) . ?n'ianapolis ?;( Jue Dorporation. Gbel, R.<. (1979). Essentials of Education Measure%ent (#n' e'.), Gngle*oo' Dli++s, ;-( Arentice 6all. 9ae>a Mohame' Asri , Mer>a Abbas (#$$%). :esan "itar pembela@aran terha'ap "e+ahaman "onsep 'an penaa"ulan sainti+i" 'i "alangan pela@ar ting"atan satu 'alam sub@e" sains6 $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en Te)nologi &endidi)an )e/ #5, m.s. 7%0377%. 9or', ;. , Dhen, 7.C. (#$$$), ?n'i2i'ual 'i++erences, hyperme'ia na2igation an' learning( An empirical stu'y. Journal of Educational Multi%edia and 7".er%edia, 9 (2), m.s. 753/1. 9ortier, 9. (#$$$). Eirtual communities, real struggles( 7ee"ing alternati2es +or 'emocractic net*or"ing( !alam =urstein, M. (G') -o%%unit" 1nfor%atics2 Ena+ling -o%%unities =ith 1nfor%ation and -o%%unication Technologies . <on'on( ?'ea =roup Aublishing. 9osnot, D.T. (19/9). En:uiring Teacher, En:uiring earners2 * -onstructi(ist *..roach to Teaching. .ol+ebro, ;6( Teachers Dollege Aress. =agne, R.M. (19/%). The -ondition of earning (4th ed6) . ;e* Cor"( 6olt Rine 6art , .inston. =agne, R.M. , !riscoll, M.A.(19//). Essential of earning for 1nstruction6 (2 nd6 ed6)6 Gngle*oo' Dli++s, ;-( Arentice 6all. =agne, R.M., .ager, .. , Ro@as, A. (19/1). Alanning an' authoring computer3assiste' instruction lessons. Educational Technolog", (29), m.s. 1730. =atlin, <. 7. (199/). The effect of .edagog" info%ed +" constructi(is%2 * co%.arison of student achie(e%ent across constructi(ist and traditional classroo% en(iro%ents

(Science education)6 (Ah.! !issertation, Bni2ersity o+ ;e* Orleans). BM? AroJuest !igital !issertations Aublications ;o.AAT 99$$907. =eber, D. (1995). &ooming commercial use changes +ace o+ ?nternet, 1nfo=orld, #5(#5), m.s.13%5. =o2ernor, !. (199/). Dogniti2e styles an' metacognition in *eb base' instruction. [Online , [!ia"ses( % April #$$4 . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.members.coH.net)2oganno')T6G7?7.html =reen, 7.M., 7al"in', ;.-. , A"ey, T.M. (1997). Asing S&SS for Bindo=s2 *nal"sing and Anderstanding $ata. ;-( Arentice 6all. 9run=ald *ssociates (1999). [Online . [!ia"ses # 9eb #$$$ . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.grun*al'.com)sur2ey)+igures.htm 6ac"bart, 7. (1997), .eb3base' learning in the conteHt o+ :31# school curriculums. Educational Technolog", 3; (3), m.s. %9371. 6air, -.G., An'erson, R.G., Tatham, R.<. , &lac", ..D. (#$$5). Multi(ariate $ata *nal"sis, (5th Ed). ;-( Arentice 6all. 6all, -.:. (#$$$). ?ield de.endence/inde.endence and co%.uter/+ased instruction in geogra.h". (!octoral !issertation, Eirginia Aolytechnic an' 7tate Bni2ersity). AroJuest !igital !issertations Aublications ;o.AAT 99$$9//. 6ambric, A.-. (1997). An in2estigation o+ .orl' .i'e .eb use on problem sol2ing o+ +i+th gra'e stu'ents. G'! !issertation, Bnite' 7tates ?nternational Bni2ersity. $issertation *+stracts 1nternational,AA19/$9445 6ami'ah Mai'inshah (#$$4). 'e+er)esanan )aedah .engaCaran Meta)ognisi/in)uiri (M1) dala% .enca.aian %ate%ati) dan .er)e%+angan )eu.a"aan .enaa)ulan saintifi) di )alangan .elaCar 1&T6 Tesis !o"tor 9alsa+ah ti'a" 'iterbit"an. Bni2ersiti 7ains Malaysia. 6ana+i Atan, Ahma' 6ani>ar, 7a* :im , Ro>han (#$$5). 7cience G'ucational 7o+t*are in Malaysian 7mart 7chools( An G2aluation o+ Ae'agogical an' Dommunicati2e !imensions. $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en Te)nologi &endidi)an )e/#6, m.s. 5%135%0. 6an'al, &. , 6errington, A., (#$$5). Re/E8a%ining categories of co%.uter/+ased learning in %athe%atics education . [Online , [!ia"ses( 1% April #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.cite@ournal.org)2ol5)iss5)mathematics)article1.c+m 6eines, -.M. (19/4). Screen $esign Strategies for -o%.uter/*ssisted 1nstruction . &e'+or', MA( !igital.

6einich, R. Molen'a, M. Russell,-.!. , 7mal'ino, 7. (1999). 1nstructional Media and Technologies for earning. Gngle*oo' Dli++s. ;-( Merrill 6erron, M.!. (1971). The nature o+ scienti+ic in1uiry, School Re(ie=,;9(2), m.s. 1713 #1#. 6obs, !.<. (#$$#). A constructi2ist approach to *eb 'esign( A re2ie* o+ the literature. 1nternational Journal on E/ earning, 2DD2(2), m.s. 0$30%. 6u, -. (199/). The relationshi. +et=een h".er%edia features and the learning st"le<cogniti(e control of h".er%edia de(elo.ers6 (!octoral !issertation, .est Eirginia Bni2ersity). [Online , [!ia"ses( 1% April #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.et'.*2u.e'u)templates)sho*GT!.c+mKrecnumL091 7uraian Su)atan &elaCaran &endidi)an Seni ,isual (#$$5). Ausat Aer"embangan :uri"ulum, :ementerian Aen'i'i"an Malaysia, :uala <umpur( !e*an &ahasa 'an Austa"a. ?berahim 6assan (#$$$). Matlamat 'an ob@e"ti+ pen'i'i"an seni (2isual) untu" se"olah menengah( Aerlu "a@ian semula. $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en 'e+angsaan &endidi)an Seni ,isual, #53#% Mei #$$$, :uala <umpur( &alai 7eni <u"is ;egara. m.s. 0310. 1nternational 0usiness Strategies (#$$4). [Online . [!ia"ses 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.internationalbusinesstrategies.com)'ata)TOD)#71/$411malaysiaFbroa'Fpag es13#.p'+ ?nternet .orl' 7tars (#$$4). To. 2D countries =ith highest nu%+er of 1nternet users, [Online , [!ia"ses #4 -an #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( www.InternetWorldStars.com ?r+an ;au+al Bmar (#$$5). Aenilaian laman *eb pen'i'i"an 'i Malaysia( 7atu tin@auan. $ala% 'on(ens"en Te)nologi &endidi)an )e/#6, m.s. 5#035#/. ?2ins, -.G. (19/0), A comparison e++ects o+ t*o instructional se1uences in2ol2ing science laboratory acti2ities. $issertation *+stracts 1nternational, [Online , 40(/), ##%4A. [!ia"ses #4 -an #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.e'uc.s+u.ca)narstsite)publications)research)##%4a.htm -amalu''in Mohai'in (1999). :onstru"ti2isme( Apli"asinya 'alam re"a bentu" pembela@aran berasas"an *eb, $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en Te)nologi &endidi)an )e #2, /31$ O"tober, 1999, Aort !i"son, Aersatuan Te"nologi Aen'i'i"an Malaysia, m.s. 1314. -irouse", -. (199%). *rt, $esign and ,isual Thin)ing6 [Online , [!ia"ses 1$ 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())char.tHa.cornell.e'u)about.htm

-onassen, !. 6. , =rabo*s"i, &. <. (1995). 7and+oo) of 1ndi(idual $ifferences2 earning > 1nstruction6 6ills'ale, ;-( <a*rence Garlbaum Associates. :au+man, !.M. , 6olms, !.&. (199/). The relationship o+ tutors content eHpertise to in2entions in a problem3base' me'ical curriculum. Medical Educations, 32, m.s. #%%3 #01. :eller, -. M. (19/7). !e2elopment an' use o+ ARD7 in instructional 'esign( A trans3 cultural approach. Journal of 1nstructional $e(elo.%ent, #D(3), m.s. #31$. :eller, -.M. (19/5). Moti2ational 'esign o+ instruction, !alam Reigeluth (G'.) 1nstructional $esign Theories and Models2 *n O(er(ie= of Their -urrent Status , 6ills'ale, ;-( <a*rence Grlbaum Associates. m.s. 5/53450. :han, &.6. (1999). Be+/0ased 1nstruction6 Gngle*oo' Dli++s, ;-( G'ucational Technology Aublications. 'uri)ulu% &endidi)an Seni ,isual (#$$#). Ausat Aer"embangan :uri"ulum, :ementerian Aen'i'i"an Malaysia, :uala <umpur( !e*an &ahasa 'an Austa"a. <an'a, <. ;. (19/5). The algoheuristic theory o+ instruction. !alam Reigeluth (G'.) 1nstructional $esign Theories and Models2 *n O(er(ie= of Their -urrent Status, 6ills'ale( <a*rance Garlbaum Associates. m.s. #%73770. a.oran &restasi S&M (#$$5). :uala <umpur( <embaga Aeperi"saan Malaysia, :ementerian Aen'i'i"an Malaysia. <a*son, A. G. (199%). Science Teaching and The $e(elo.%ent of Thin)ing . Dali+ornia( .a's*orth Aublishing Dompany <ea'er, <.G. , :lein, -.!. (1990). The e++ects o+ search tool type an' cogniti2e style on per+ormance 'uring hyperme'ia 'atabase search. ETR > $, 44(2), m.s. %31%. <epper, M.R. (19/%). Microcomputer in e'ucation( Moti2ational an' social issues. *%erican &s"chologist, (4D), m.s. 131/. <epper, M.R. , Dhabay, R... (19/%). ?ntrinsic moti2ation an' instruction( Don+licting 2ie*s on the role o+ moti2ational processes in computer3base' e'ucation. Educational &s"chologist, (2D), m.s. #173#51. <epper, M.R. , Malone, T... (19/7). ?ntrinsic moti2ation an' instructional e++ecti2eness in computer3base' e'ucation, earning and 1nstruction, (2#), m.s. ##%3#/0.

<ieu, M. , Ree', M. (1994). The relationship bet*een the learning strategies an' learning styles in a hyperme'ia en2iroment. -o%.uters in 7u%an 0eha(ior, #D, m.s. 4193454. <in, D. , !a2i'son, =. (1990). G++ect o+ lin"ing structure an' cogniti2e style on stu'ents8 per+ormance an' attitu'e in computer3base' hyperteHt en2iroment. Journal of Educational -o%.uting Research, #5 (4), m.s. 51735#9. <yons3<a*rence, D.<. (1994). G++ect o+ learning style on per+ormance in using computer3base' instruction in o++ice systems. The $elta &i E.silon Journal6 333,1(3) , m.s. 100317%. <oot, =... (19/5). The e++ect o+ in1uiry teaching an' a'2ance organi>ers upon stu'ent outcomes in 7cience G'ucation. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2D (53), m.s. 45734%1. <our'usamy, A. (1994). Aerbe>aan gaya "ogniti+ in'i2i'u 'an impli"asinya terha'ap pen'i'i"an. !alam( Siri S"arahan &erlanti)an &rofesor (199%)5), % 9eb 1994, Aulau Ainang( Bni2ersiti 7ains Malaysia. Main, -.!. (1995). The relatation o+ locus3o+3control orientation an' tas" structure to problem sol2ing per+ormance o+ siHth3gra'e stu'ent pairs. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 3D (4), m.s. 4$$134#0. Mar"eter (1999). Eet Aser de%ogra.hics2 Education [Online , [!ia"ses, 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.emar"eter.com)estats)'emo.e'ucations.html Mar>ita Ab'ullah (#$$1). 'ega=atan/&roCe) Se)olah 0estari Tida) TerCeCas, [Online , [!ia"ses 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.utusan.com.my)laporanse"olahbestari.htm McDomas, ..9 (199#). The nature o+ eHemplary practice in secon'ary school science laboratory instruction( A case stu'y approach, $issertation *+stracts 1nternational, [Online .%#(1#), 4#/4A, [!ia"ses #% 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.e'uc.s+u.ca)narstsite)publications)research)4#/4a.htm Melara, =.G. (1990). ?n2estigating learning styles on 'i++erent hyperteHt en2ironments( 6ierarchical3li"e an' net*or"3li"e structures6 Journal of Educational -o%.uting Research, #4(4), m.s. 51535#/. Mellon, D.A. (19/0). <ibrary anHiety( A groun'e' theory an' its 'e2elopment, -ollege and Research i+raries, (4;), m.s. 10$310%. Messic", 7. (1970). Aersonality consistencies in cognition an' creati2ity. $ala% 7. Messic" an' Associates (G's), 1ndi(idualit" in earning. 7an 9rancisco, DA( -ossey3 &ass.

Minges, M. , =ray, E. (#$$1). 1nternet in South *sia, [Online . [!ia"ses #% 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.itu.int)?TB3!)ict)cs) Miller, =. (1997). *re $istance Education &rogra%s More *cce.ta+le to ?ield/ inde.endent earnersF. GR?D !ocument Repro'uction 7er2ice. ;o. G! 4$9/%4. Moh'. Ma@i' :onting (199/). 'aedah &en"elidi)an &endidi)an6 :uala <umpur( !e*an &ahasa 'an Austa"a Moh' 7alleh Abu , Mai'atun Tasir (#$$1). &engenalan 'e.ada *nalisis $ata 0er)o%.uter S&SS #D6D for Bindo=s. :uala <umpur( Eenton Aublishing Mor2ant, M.D. (#$$1). =ui'e' ?n1uiry ?mpro2es 7tu'ent 7uccess in <arge N<ectureO 7ection o+ =eneral Dhemistry, -he%istr", Te8as *>M Ani(ersit", [Online . [!ia"ses #% 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.ecept.net)#51$#%%.html Musheno, &.E. , <a*son, A.G. (1999). G++ects o+ learning cycle an' tra'itional teHt on comprehension o+ science concepts by stu'ents at 'i++erent reasoning le2els. JRST, 99(36), m.s. #5357. ;ational Research Douncil (1990). Eational Science Education Standards . .ashington, !.D( ;ational Aca'emy Aress. ;g, ..:. (19/1). The interacti2e e++ects o+ general ability, +iel' 'epen'ence an' anHiety *ith re'un'ant treatment in achie2ement. $octoral $issertation, ?n'iana Bni2ersity. ;g, ..:. (1999). :onstru"ti2isme 'alam te"nologi penga@aran. $ala% &rosiding 'on(ens"en Te)nologi &endidi)an )e #2, m.s. 0%37%. ;ua ?nternet 7ur2eys (1999). 7o= %an" online2 Borld Bide Be+ (Be+ $ocu%ent) , [Online . [!ia"ses 1# 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.nua.ie)sur2eys)ho*FmanyFonline)*orl'.html. ;unnally, -.D. (197/). &s"cho%etric Theor" (2nd Ed). ;e* Cor"( Mc=ra*36ill. Ahilip, G.M. (#$$4). &ro%oting Student 1n:uir"2 Be+:uests to =e+ 1n:uir" .roCects6 [Online . [!ia"ses 11 -an #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.*ebin1uiry)pro@ects)concept)paper.htm Aiaget, -. (1971). The -hildren -once.tion of The Borld, <on'on( Routle'ge , :agan Aaul Aiaget, -. (19%4). The construction o+ reality in the chil'. !uarterl", 3# (#), m.s. 5030$.

Raghubir, :.A. (1979). The laboratory3in2estigati2e approach to science instruction. Journal of Research in Science Teaching6 #6(#), m.s. 1531/. Rubin, A. (199/). G'ucational technology( 7upport +or in1uiry3base' learning. [Online . [!ia"ses #1 -an #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())ra.terc.e'u)publications)TGRDFpubs)tech3 in+usion)e'Ftech)e'FtechFintro.htm 7aigo, &. .. (1999), * stud" of co%.aring traditional and constructi(is%/+ased instruction of high school +iolog" unit on +ios"ste%atics6 (Ah.!. 'issertation, The Bni2ersity o+ ?o*a). BM? AroJuest !igital !issertations Aublication ;o. AAT 994%449. 7can'ura, -.M. (19/5). The structural learning theory. !alam Reigeluth, D.M (G') 1ntructional/design Theories and Models 2 *n O(er(ie= of Their -urrent Status6 6ill'ale, ;-( <a*rence Grlbaum. Sch=ier (#$$#). [Online , [!ia"ses ***.usas".ca)e'ucation)e''ucur)e'comm) #5 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati(

7chulman, <.7. , Tamir, A. (1975). Research on teaching in the natural science. !alam Second 7and+oo) of Research on Teaching6 Dhicago( Ran' Mc;ally. 7hari+ah Mastura 7ye' Ahma' (1997). 1nternet dan *nda Te%an Antu) Melang)ah )e $unia Si+er. :uala <umpur( 9e'eral Aublications. 7herry, C.D. (#$$%). A +leHible inter+ace 'esign +or *eb 'irectories to accommo'ate 'i++erent cogniti2e styles. Journal of the *%erican Societ" for 1nfor%ation Science and Technolog", 56(#), m.s. 7$3/5. 7hih, D. , =amon, -. (1999). 7tu'ent learning styles, moti2ation, learning strategies, an' achie2ement in *eb3base' course. &roceedings of the #st *nnual -ongress on the 1%.act of Technolog" A.on earning, m.s. 1#$31%4. 7"inner, &.9. (190%). Reflections on $ecade of Teaching Machines2 Teaching Machines and &rogra%%ed earning 11. .ashington !.D( ;ational G'ucation Association. 7piro, R.-., Doulson, R.<. 9elto2ich, A.-. , An'erson, !.:. (19//). -ogniti(e ?le8i+ilit" Theor"2 *d(anced 'no=ledge *c:uisition in 1ll/structured $o%ains . (Technical Report no.441). Dhampaign, ?<( Bni2ersity o+ ?llinois. 7piro, R.-., 9elto2ich, A.-., -acobson, M.-. , Doulson, R.<. (1991). Dogniti2e +leHibility, constructi2ism, an' hyperteHt( Ran'om access instruction +or a'2ance' "no*le'ge ac1uisition in ill3structure' 'omains. Educational Technolog", [Online . [!ia"ses #/ 9eb #$$% , m.s. #4355. &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.ilt)papers)7piro.html 7teinberg, G.R. (1977). Re2ie* o+ stu'ent control in computer3assiste' instruction. Journal of -o%.uter/0ased 1nstruction, (#3,6 m.s. 11731#1.

7ummer2illle, -. (1999). Role o+ a*areness o+ cogniti2e style in hyperme'ia. 1nternational Journal of Educational Technolog"6 [Online , [!ia"ses( 1% Ogos #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.outreach.uiuc.e'u)i@et)21n1)summer2ille). Tabacnic", &.=. , 9i'ell, <.7. (#$$1). Asing Multi(ariate Statistics (4th Ed6). &oston( Allyn an' &acon. Tamrin Anuar (#$$5). 'e%enterian &endidi)an Mala"sia [Online . [!ia"ses #/ 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.pp"."pm.my)html)berita)berita1/1#$5$5.htm Tennyson, R. !. , Rothen, .. (197/). Application o+ &ayePs theory in 'esigning computer3base' a'apti2e instructional strategies. Educational &s"chologist, (#2), m.s. 51735#5. Thomas, 9.M. (1990). $eli(ering 1nstruction on the Borld Bide Be+ , Bni2ersity o+ TeHas [Online . [!ia"ses( 14 9eb #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.s2su.e'u)Imcmanus)papers)*bi.html Thuring, M.,Mannemann, -. , 6aa"e, -. (199%). 6yperme'ia an' cognition( !esigning +or comprehension. -o%%unications of the *-M, 35(5), m.s. %7300. Tina <im 7*ee :im (#$$#). &e%+elaCaran Be+2 'esan .ende)atan )onstru)ti(is +er+anding .ende)atan langsung terhada. .enca.aian sains dan )e%ahiran +erfi)ir aras tinggi .elaCar/.elaCar ting)atan e%.at . Tesis !o"tor 9alsa+ah ti'a" 'iterbit"an. Bni2ersiti 7ains Malaysia. Bnit :omputer !alam Aen'i'i"an Ausat Aer"embangan :uri"ulum (#$$1). &enggunaan Te)nologi Ma)lu%at dan 'o%uni)asi (1-T) dala% &engaCaran dan &e%+elaCaran. :uala <umpur( :ementerian Aen'i'i"an Malaysia. Eygots"y, <.7. (197/). Min' in society. !alam Dole, M., 7teiner, E.-., 7crbaer, 7., , 7ouberman, G. The $e(elo.%ent of &s"cohological &rocess6 MA( 6a2ar' Bni2ersity Aress. .ang, A., 6a*", ..&. , Tenopir, D. (#$$$). Bsers8 interaction *ith .orl' .i'e .eb resources( An eHploratory stu'y using a holistic approach. 1nfor%ation &rocessing and Manage%ent, 36, m.s. ##93#%1. .ang, 7. R. , -onassen, !. 6. (1995). ?n2estigating the e++ects o+ in'i2i'ual 'i++erences on per+ormance in cogniti2e +leHibility hyperteHts. !alam The *nnual Meeting of the *%erican Educational Research *ssociation , m.s. 19355. .eller, 6. =., Repman, -. , <an, .. (1995). !o in'i2i'ual 'i++erences matterK <earner characteristics an' achie2ement in hyperme'ia3base' instruction. !alam The *nnual Meeting of the *%erican Educational Research *ssociation, m.s. 443%#.

.eller, 6.=., Repman, -. , Roo>e, =.G. (1994). The relationshi. of learning, +eha(ior, and cogniti(e st"le in h".er%edia/+ased instruction6 [Online , [!ia"ses( 1% April #$$% . &oleh 'i'apati( http())***.et'.*2u.e'u)templates)sho*GT!.c+mKrecnumL%44. .estra, .. (1999). Aara'oHes in open net*or"e' learning en2ironments( To*ar' a para'igm shi+t. Educational Technolog", 39(#), m.s. 173#5. .ey, A. , .augh, M. <. (1995). The e++ects o+ 'i++erent inter+ace presentation mo'es an' usersP in'i2i'ual 'i++erences on usersP hyperteHt in+ormation access per+ormance. $ala% The *nnual Meeting of the *%erican Educational Research *ssociation, m.s. 01307. .hyte, M., :arolic", !. , Taylor, M.!. (199%). Dogniti2e style an' their impact on curriculum 'e2elopment. Educational -o%%unications and Technolog", #996, m.s. 7/53799. .it"in, 6.A., Moore, D.A., =oo'enough, !.R. , DoH, A... (1977). 9iel' !epen'ent3 9iel' ?n'epen'ent cogniti2e styles an' their e'ucational implication. Re(ie= of Educational Research. 4;,(#), m.s. 1304. .it"in, 6.A., Oltman, A., Ras"in, G. , :arp, 7. (1971). * Manual for the E%+edded ?igures Test6 Aalo Alto DA( Donsulting Asychologists Aress. Coon, =.7. (1994), The e++ect o+ instructional control, cogniti2e style, an' prior "no*le'ge on learning o+ computer3assiste' instruction. Journal of Educational Technolog" S"ste%s, 22, m.s. 5%7357$.

You might also like