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Assume: Tipping occurs
Known: x = b/2
Solve: P, N, and F
Check: F ≤ μs N
PROCEDURE FOR ANALYSIS
a) Draw a FBD.
b) Determine the unknowns.
c) Make any necessary friction assumptions.
d) Apply EofE (and friction equations, if appropriate ) to solve for the
unknowns.
e) Check assumptions, if required.
EXAMPLE (continued)
NB A FBD of the ladder
4 ft
P
20 lb
4 ft
FA
NA
3 ft 3 ft
There are four unknowns: NA, FA, NB, and P. Let us
assume that the ladder will tip first. Hence, NB = 0
+↑ Σ FY = NA – 20 = 0 ; so NA = 20 lb
+ Σ MA = 20 ( 3 ) – P( 4 ) = 0 ; so P = 15 lb
+ → Σ FX = 15 – FA = 0 ; so FA = 15 lb
EXAMPLE (continued)
P
20 lb
4 ft
FA
NA
3 ft 3 ft
Now check the assumption.
Fmax = μs NA = 0.8 * 20 lb = 16 lb
Is FA = 15 lb ≤ Fmax = 16 lb? Yes, hence our assumption of
tipping is correct.
CONCEPT QUIZ
1. A 100 lb box with wide base is pulled by a
force P and μs = 0.4. Which force orientation
P(A)
requires the least force to begin sliding?
100 lb P(B)
A) A B) B P(C)
100 lb 4 ft
100 lb 4 ft
A FBD of the drum:
+ → ∑ FX = (4 / 5) P – 0.5 N = 0 0
+ ↑ ∑ FY = N – (3 / 5) P – 100 = 0 F
X
These two equations give: N
P = 100 lb and N = 160 lb
+ ∑ MO = (3 /5) 100 (1.5) – (4 / 5) 100 (4) + 160 (x) = 0
Check: x = 1.44 ≤ 1.5 so OK!
Drum slips as assumed at P = 100 lb
Homework
→+ ∑ FX = N2 sin 10° – N3 = 0
F1= 0.3N1
↑+ ∑ FY = N2 cos 10° – 100 – 0.3 N3 = 0 N1
100 lb
Solving the above two equations, we get F3= 0.3N3
N2 = 107.2 lb and N3 = 18.6 lb B
N3
N2 10º
Applying the EofE to the wedge A, we get
↑+ ∑ FY = N1 – 107.2 cos 10° = 0; N1 = 105.6 lb
→+ ∑ FX = P – 107.2 sin 10° – 0.3 N1 = 0; P = 50.3 lb
CONCEPT QUIZ
Plan:
1. Consider two cases: a) both blocks slide together, and,
b) block B slides over the block A.
2. For each case, draw a FBD of the block(s).
3. For each case, apply the EofE to find the force needed to
cause sliding.
4. Choose the smaller P value from the two cases.
5. Use belt friction theory to find the weight of block D.
EXAMPLEEXAMPLE(continued)
Case a:
P 30 lb
↑ + ∑ FY = N – 80 = 0 B
N = 80 lb 50 lb
A
→+ ∑ FX = 0.4 (80) – P = 0
F=0.4 N
P = 32 lb N
EXAMPLE(continued) 30 lb
Case b:
P
0.6 N
20º
→ + ∑ Fy = N cos 20° + 0.6 N sin 20° – 30 = 0 N
N = 26.20 lb
→ + ∑ Fx = – P + 0.6 ( 26.2 ) cos 20° – 26.2 sin 20° = 0
P = 5.812 lb
Case b has the lowest P and will occur first. Next, using the
frictional force analysis of belt, we get
WD = P e μ β = 5.812 e 0.5 ( 0.5 π ) = 12.7 lb
A Block D weighing 12.7 lb will cause the block B to slide over
the block A.
Homework
• 8-98, 8-103
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