Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 1 of 34

UNI TED STATES DI STRI CT COURT SOUTHERN DI STRI CT OF FLORI DA CASE N O.1 222958CI VSEI TZ/ SI M ONTON UNI TED STATES OF AM ERI CA , Pl a i nt i f f ,
VS.

SECRETA RY ,FLORI D A D EPAR TM EN T O F CORRECTI ONS,e tal . ,

De f e nda nt s .
/

ORDER GR ANTI NG M OTI ON FO R PRELI MI NARY I NJUN CTI ON . R ESE TTI NG TRI A L DATE. AND SETTI NG STATUS CONFERENCES

THI S M ATTER i sbe f or et heCour t on t heUni t ed St a t e s 'M ot i on f orPr e l i mi na r y

I n j u nc t i o n( DE2 9 1 , t h er e s p o ns eg DE3 4 ) , t h er e p l y( DE4 0 1 , s e v e r a l s u p p l e me n t a le v i d e n t i a l y

f i l i n g sb yDe f e nd a n t s( DE7 2 ,7 5 , 9 9 J , a n dPl a i n t i f fsr e s p o ns et o De f e n d a n t s 's u p p l e me n t a l t i l i n g sg DE8 8 ) .Fu r t h e r , t h eCo u r t h e l da ne v i d e n t i a r yh e a r i n go nt h eM o t i o nf o rPr e l i mi n a r y

I n j u n c t i o no nJ u n e4 a n d5 , 2 01 3 .Th eUn i t e dSt a t e sb r o u g h tt hi sa c t i o na l l e g i n gt h a tDe f e n d a n t s

a r ei n vi ol at i on oft heRel i gi ousLa ndUs ea nd l ns t i t ut i ona l i z e d Pe r s onsActof2000, 42U. S. C.j

2000 cc ( RLUI PAI I bec a us et he ydono ts e r v ekos he rme a l st ot hos epr i s oner swhos er e l i gi ous
bel i e f sr e qui r e kos he rm e al s . Af t e rt he Uni t e d St a t esi ns t i t ut ed t hi sac t i on, D e f e ndan t s

a nnounc e d ane w Re l i gi ousDi e tPr ogr a m ,t ha twoul dpr ovi dekos he rm e al sunde rc e r t a i n

c i r c u ms t a n c e s .TheM o t i o nf o rPr e l i mi n a r yI n j u n c t i o ns e e k sa no r d e rr e q ui r i n gDe f e nd a n t st o

o fJ u s t i c et hea u t h o r i t yt oe n f o r c ec o mpl i a n c ewi t h j20 0 0 c c 1b ye i t h e ra na c t i o nf o ri n j u n c t i v e

r e l i e forde cl a r a t or yr e l i e fon be hal foft heUni t e d St a t e swho ha sa n obl i ga t or yi nt e r es ti n pr ot e ct i ng t her e l i gi ousl i be r t y ofa l lpr i s one r s .

l ' r hi sac t i o n wasf i l edpur s ua ntt o 42 U .S. C.j2000c c 2( 9,whi c h gi ve st heDe pa r t me nt

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 2 of 34

pr ovi dekos he rmea l st oa l 1pr i s o ne r swi t has i nc er er e l i gi ousbe l i e ff orkee pi ngkos herand

e n j o i n i n gt h ei mpl e me n t a t i o no f c e r t a i na s pe c t so f t h eRe l i g i o usDi e tP r o g r a m , whi c ht heUni t e d

St a t e sas s e r t svi ol a t eRLUI PA . Be c aus et heUni t e d St a t eshasm e ti t sbur de n ofe s t a bl i s hi ng i t s

e n t i t l e me n t t oap r e l i mi n a r yi n j u n c t i o n , t heM o t i o ni sg r a n t e d
FI ND I N G S O F FA CT Fl or i da D e par t me ntofC or r ec t i ons

TheFl or i daDe pa r t me ntofCor r ec t i ons( S TDOC' ' or re f e nda nt s ' ' )i nc a r c er a t es

a p p r o x i ma t e l y1 0 2, 0 0 0pr i s o n e r si n6 0ma j o rf a c i l i t i e s , Un d i s p u t e dFa c t sa t1 t ha n oper a t i ng ,w i

budge tof$2. 1bi l l i on f ort he 201 3201 4f i s ca lye a r . J une 5 Tr .a t4.
FDOC r ec ei ve sf e de r a lf unds ,Undi s put ed Fac t sa t3, a n di ss u b j e c t t oRLUI PA.

4 2U. S. C. j20 0 0 c c1 ( b ) .
FDOC i nca r c e r a t e spr i s o ne r swho ha ve as i nc er er e l i gi ousbas i sf orke epi ng kos he r .Undi s put e d Fa ct sa t4.
1 l . Def e ndant s 'H i s t or y ofPr ovi di ng a K o s he rD i e t

4.
Fact s at 5.

Pr i ort o 2004,Def e nda nt sdi d no tof f e rakos he rdi e tt oa ny pr i s one r s . Undi s put e d

5.

I n Se pt e mbe r200 2, an FDOC pr i s one rna med Al a n Cot t on f i l e ds ui ti nt he U .S.

Di s t r i c tCour tf ort he So ut he r n Di s t r i c tofFl or i da s e e ki ng akos he rdi e t .

Co t t o nv . De p' t o fco r r . ,

No .l : 0 2 c v 2 27 6 0( S. D. Fl a . 2 0 0 2 ) .
l nApr i l2004,s hor t l ya he rt he Cot t on ca s es e t t l e d, De f enda nt si ns t i t ut e d akos he r

di e tpr ogr a mk nown a st heJ e wi s hDi e tAcc ommoda t i o n Pr ogr a m( 7DAP' ' ) U. S. Ex.2.
.

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 3 of 34

J DAP of f e r e d kos he rm e a l si n1 3 FDOC f a ci l i t i e s. Pr i s one r se l i gi bl et o par t i c i pa t ei nJ DAP we r et r a ns f e r r e dt o one oft hes e1 3f ac i l i t i e s . 1 d.l ni t i a l l y, onl yJ ewi s h

pr i s one r swe r ee l i gi bl et o pa r t i ci pa t ei nJ DAP, butDe f e nda nt so pe ne dt hepr ogr a mt o pr i s one r s

ofa 1 1f a i t hsi n 2006. I d; J une 5 Tr .a t88.
8. l n ea r l y 2007, FDOC Sec r e t a r yJ i m Mc Donough c omm i s s i oneda Re l i gi ousDi e t

St udy Gr oup t oe va l ua t eJ DAP. I d On J ul y 26,2007, t heSt ud yGr oupi s s ue di t sr e por t ( t he

f t l l e por t ' ' l . TheRe po r tr e c omme nde dt ha tDef e nda nt st d r e t ai nakos he rdi e t a r ypr og r a m ,' ' a nd
t ha tf a i l ur et o dos o woul dl i ke l y vi ol a t e RLUI PA . U. S. Ex. 2a t27.TheSt udy Gr oup s t a t e dt ha t apr i s o ne rde s i r i ng t o ke e p kos he r i ss ubs t a nt i al l y bur de ne d' ' b yt hede ni a lofkos herf ood

( l b e c a u s et h er e g u l a t i o n sg d e n y i n gak o s he rd i e t )l e a v eh i m wi t hnome a n i n g f u l c h o i c e Hem ay

.

e i t he re a tt henonkos he rf ood a nd f ai lt oo be y hi sr el i g i ousl a wsornote a tt h enonkos herf oo d

a nd s t a r v e. ' 'I d

9.

De s pi t et heRe por t ' sr e c omm e nd a t i o n, Def e nda nt st er mi na t edJ DAP i n Augus t

2007. Undi s put e d Fa c t sa t 11; J une4 Tr . a t56. 1 0. Dur i ng t het hr e ea nd aha l fy e ar sofJ DAP' So pe r a t i on, at ot alof78 4 pr i s one r s

e nr ol l e di nt he Pr o gr am,wi t h an a ve r a ge e nr ol l me ntof250pr i s o ne r spe rda y. U. S. Ex. 2. I n Apr i l2007 -t e n mont hsahe rDe f e nd an t so pe ne dt hepr ogr a mt o pr i s one r sofal lf ai t hs- 259 pr i s o ne r swe r ee nr ol l e d,a nd 95a ppl i c a t i onswe r epe ndi ng. J une5 Tr . at88 8 9.I fDe f e ndan t s hadac c e pt e de ver yone oft he95a ppl i c a t i o nsa nd nopr i s o ne r shad l e f tt hepr og r am i d , tw oul
ha veenr ol l ed amaxi mu m of364pr i s one r s . J une 5 Tr .a t89. 11 . Thepr i s o nerpopul a t i on i nt heFl or i daDe pa r t me ntofCor r e c t i onsi sr oughl yt he

s a m et o da y asi twas i n 2007. J une 5 Tr . at89. 3

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 4 of 34

Li ke t hef i na lye a rofJ DAP, t hene w Re l i gi ousDi e tPr o gr am ( : RDP' ' )i sope nt o pr i s one r sofa l lf a i t hs . J u ne5 Tr . a t86. Af t e rt e r mi na t i ng J DAP, De f e nda nt sdi d notof f e rakos he rdi e tt oa ny pr i s one rf or t hene xtt hr e eye a r s . J une 4 Tr .a t5 6.
1 4. l n A ugus t201 0, Def e nda nt si ns t i t ut e dad t pi l ot ' 'kos he rdi e tpr ogr a m( t het i pi l ot
.

Pr og r a m' ' )i nt heSout hUni toft heSou t hFl or i daRe e e pt i on Cen t e r( ( SFRC' ' ) Undi s put e d Fa c t s
a t1 8. Enr ol l me nti nt hePi l otPr ogr a m r a nge df r om 8t o1 8pr i s one r s dur i ng t he pr ogr a m' s e xi s t e nc e . Undi s put edFac t sa tl 9;J une 4 Tr .a t56. ThePi l otPr ogr a m wasne ve re xpa nde dt o a ny f a ci l i t y be s i de sSFRC . Thus , f r om 20 07 201 3, FDOC di d no tof f e rakos he rdi e tt oa ny

p r i s one r sexc e ptf o rt he s mal lnumbe rofpr i s one r si nt hePi l otPr ogr a m. 1 5. De f e nda nt sor i gi na l l yc omm i t t e dt o ex pa ndi ng t hePi l otPr ogr a mi n Oc t obe r201 0,

s eeU . S. Ex. 20, butc ha nged c our s ea nd ne vere x pa nded t hepr ogr a mt oa ny ad di t i ona lpr i s one r s .
J une 4 Tr . a t59.

1 6.

De f e nda nt s'Se pt e mbe r201 0r e vi ew oft hePi l otPr og r a m f ound t ha tt het ot al

.

cos t

ofpr ovi di ng akos he rdi e tt opr i s o ne r si nt hepr og r a m wa s$4.71perday.U. S. Ex. 7

Si nc e Augus t2007 ,De f e nda nt sha ve of f e r e dt hr e epr i mar ydi e topt i onsi nt he i r60

ma j o rf a c i l i t i e s .( 1 )ama i nl i n e ; ( 2 )av e g a no p t i o n; a n d( 3 )an o me a t o p t i o n U. S.Ex.1 . N one

.

oft hes e di e to pt i onsi skos he r . Se e Ri c hv .Sec r e t ar y, Fl o r i d aDe p' t o fco r r e c t i o n s , 71 6F. 3 d

5 2 5 , 5 2 8( 1 1 t hCi r . 201 3 )( d t n o neo ft h e s ed i e t sa r eko s h e r ' ); J u n e5Tr atl06. l n 2007,

.

Def e nd an t sr e move da l lpor k pr od uct sf r om t hei rf ood s er vi c e of f e r i ngs .U. S.Ex. 2; June 5 Tr . a t
90.

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 5 of 34

l na ddi t i on t ot hemai nl i ne , nom ea t ,a nd v ega n di e topt i ons

Def e nda nt sof f e rat

l e a s tl5m e di ca la ndt he r a pe ut i c di e t sa te ac hf a c i l i t y. U . S.Ex.4. De f e nda nt sha ve s ucc e s s f ul l y ma nag ed a l ls ec ur i t ya nd budge t a r yi s s ue sr e l a t e dt opr ovi di ng t hes es pe c i aldi e t sf orye a r s
4 Tr .a t60.
.

J une

1 1 1 .

De f endant ' sLi t i gat i on Pos t ur el n Kos he rDi e tCas e s

1 9.

Si nc e di s cont i nui ng J DAP i n 2007, De f e nda nt shavede f ende dt he i rr ef us a lt o

of f e rakos he rdi e ti na tl e as tf i vel aws ui t sf i l e d by pr os epr i s one r s :M

,

a r s h a l lv . FlDe p' t o f
.

Cor r,2011U. S. Di s t . LEXI S3 5 0 5 7( S. D. Fl a . 201 1 ) ; Ri c hv . Bu s s N o.1 : 1 0c v-1 57 ( ' N. D. Fl a

.

2010 ) ; Muh ammadv .Cr o s b y,2009W L 291 341 2( N D. Fl a . 20 0 9 ) ; Yo u n gv . Mc Ne i l , 2 0 0 9W L

2 0 5 8 9 2 3( N. D. F l a . 2 0 0 9 ) ; a n dfi n e h a nv Cr os b y,2008W L 388 960 4( N. D.Fl a. 20 08) June5

.

Tr . a t1 5 3( t ' W eh a v el i t i g a t e dt h i si s s u es e v e r a l t i me s ' ' ) A gai ns tea c h pr os e pr i s o ne r ,

.

De f e nd an t sl i t i ga t e dt heme r i t soft he i rr i ghtt od eny akos h erdi e t .

20. l nM a y 2011 heUni t ed St at esope ne d af onnali nves t i ga t i on ofFDOC' Sdi e t a r y ,t

po l i ci e s . U. S.Ex.1 8. TheUni t e d St a t es 'l smo nt hi nves t i ga t i on i nc l ude dt her evi e w of t hous a ndsofpa ge sofdoc ume nt s e t ai ni ng e xpe r tco ns ul t a nt si npr i s o na dm i ni s t r a t i o n, a ,r nd i ns pec t i ng f ourFDOC f ac i l i t i e s . I n Augus t201 2,t heUni t e d St a t e s'i nves t i g a t i on c onc l udedt ha t

Def e nda nt s 'f a i l ur et o of f e rakos he rdi etvi ol a t ed RLUI PA . The Uni t ed St at esa dvi s e d Def enda nt soft hi sconc l us i on on Aug us t1 2,a nd , 201
of f er e dt o wor k wi t h FDOC t o ne got i a t e ar e s ol ut i on t hatma deakos he rdi e tava i l a bl et oa l l Fl or i dapr i s one r swi t hs i nc er er e l i gi ousg r o undsf orke e pi ng kos he r . U. S.Ex.1 9.De f e nda nt s r e f us ed t oc ons i de ra ny c ha nget ot he i rpol i ci e si nr es pons et ot hef i ndi ngsoft he Uni t ed St at e s' i nves t i ga t i on,a nd on Aug us tl 4, 201 2,t he Uni t e d St a t e sf i l e dt hei ns t a nts ui t . Com pl ai nt , D EI.
5

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 6 of 34

Af t ert hi sCour tde ni edDe f e nda n t s 'M o t i o nt oD i s mi s so rTr ansf erV enue,DE1 3,t hepa r t i e spa r t ook i nc our t or de r e dm e di a t i on o n Ja n ua r y1 7
,

201 3. Att hi sm e di a t i o n
,

s es s i on,De f e nda nt sa gr ee dt os ubm i ta kos he rdi e tpr o pos a lt ot heUni t ed St a t e sb yM a r c h4 201 3. J oi ntM ot . t o St a y, DE2 4. TheCour ts t a ye dt hi sl i t i ga t i o n unt i lApr i l1 9 f a ci l i t a t es e t t l e me ntdi s cus s i ons . D E27. 23. On M a r c h 22, 201 3, whi l et he c a s ewa ss t a y ed f ors e t t l e me ntdi s c us s i ons
,
,

2013, t o

De f e nda nt si s s ue d a ne w pol i c y -Pr oc e dur e 503.006 -c a l l e dt he Re l i gi ousDi e tPr og r a m Ex.3. Def e nda nt sdi dnotnot i f yt heUni t ed St a t esoft hi snew pol i cy.

U. S.

l ns t ea d,t heUni t e d St a t e s

fr s tl e a r ne d oft hepol i c yo n Apr i l2, 201 3f r om c ouns eli ns e pa r a t el i t i ga t i on ag ai ns tD e f e nda nt s ' di e t ar y pol i c i es . St a t usRpt 28. . , D E24. One wee ka f t erl e a r ni ng oft hene w pol i c ys t he Uni t e d St a t esEl e d a M ot i on f ora

P r e l i mi n a r yl n j u n c t i o n , DE2 9 , a n dt h eCo u r t l i f t e dt h es t a yi nt h i sa c t i o no nAp r i l1 5 3,DE, 201

I nt hi sl i t i ga t i o n wi t ht heUni t e d St at e s f e nda nt sc ont i nuet oas s e r tt ha t , De pr i s o ne r sdonotha ve ar i ghtt o akos he rdi e tunde rRLUI PA a nd t ha tDe f e nda nt sm a yl a wf ul l y den y pr i os ne r sakos he rdi e ta ta nyt i me . Se eD e f s'Opp. t oU. S. M ot .f o rPr e l i m. l n j . ( ' ' Op p. ' ' )a t 2' ,J une4 Tr . a t1 54.
I V. De f e ndant s'N e w Re l i gi ous D i e tPr ogr am

26.

Def enda nt sa nnounc ed t ha tt he y we r ei mpl e me nt i ng t he ne w Rel i gi ousDi et

Pr og r a m( l k DP)i nas i ngl ef a ci l i t y-t heUni onCor r ec t i ona lI ns t i t ut i on-o nApr i l5 3.The , 201
Uni o n Cor r ec t i ona ll ns t i t ut i o n ho us esBr uc eRi c h, t hepl a i nt i f fi na l zo ngoi ng l a ws ui ta ga i ns t FDOC s ee ki ng akos herdi e t ea ppea lwasa r gue d be f o r et heEl e vent h Ci r c ui ton Apr i l1 8 , whos
6
,

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 7 of 34

2 01 3.U. S. Ex .1 1 .Af t e rt heEl e v e n t h Ci r c u i tr e j e c t e dDe f e n d a n t s ' a r g u me n tt h a tt h en e w pol i cy

moot ed t heRi c hc as e, Def enda nt sa l mounce dt ha tt heUni on p r og r a m woul d notbegi n unt i lat l e a s tJ ul y1 ,201 3. J une4 Tr . at 6. By i t st e nns , t heRDP wa st o bec o m eef f e c t i vei na l lo t he ri ns t i t ut i on i n Se pt e mbe r2013.U .S.Ex. 3.
28.

l fi m pl e me nt e d,t he RDP wi l lof f e rac e r t i f i e d kos he rdi ett oe l i gi bl epr i s one r sa t

pa r t i ci pa t i ngFDOC f a c i l i t i e s . U. S. Ex.3. The s ekos he rm e a l swi l lc ons i s tofpr e pa c ka g ed,

c e r t i fedkos he re n t r e esi na ddi t i on t oi t e m sf r om FDOC' Snor ma lf ood s e r vi c eope r a t i ons .I d 29. J a me sUpc ht l r c h,FDOC' SAs s i s t a ntSe cr e t a r yf orl ns t i t ut i o ns e s t i f i e dt ha tt he ,t

us e ofpr e pa c kage d mea l si nas t a t ewi de pr og r a m al l e vi a t est hes e c ur i t yc once r nsi de nt i f i e d wi t h t hepr i orJ DAP pr ogr a m. J une 4 Tr . a t53.

30. FDOC Oper a t i onsM a nag e rShanePhi l l i pst es t i f i edt ha thewa snotawa r e ofa ny
r e a s on t o be l i e vet ha tt hepa r t i c i pa t i onr a t ei nt hene w RDP wo ul d behi g he rt han pa r t i c i pa t i on i n t heJ DAP.J une 4 Tr .a t1 53. FDOC he ad c ha pl a i n Al ex Ta yl o rt e s t i fe dt ha t i i twoul d n' tbe unr ea s o nabl e' 't oe xpe c tl t ma ybeasm a ny a s500' 5pr i s one r st o pa r t i c i pa t et he RDP. J une 5 Tr .a t
Ac c or di ngl y,pr i o rt oi ns t i t ut i on oft he R DP, i tw a sr e as o nabl et oa nt i c i pa t et ha tt he l i kel y

r a ng e ofpa r t i c i pat i on i nt heRDP wo ul d bebe t wee n 250500 pr i s one r spe rday.

.

d.

Par t i ci pat i on i nt heRe l i gi ousD i e tPr ogr am and Chan ge st ot hePr ogr am

31 .

Si nc ei ns t i t ut i on oft heRDP a tUni on Cor r e c t i ona lI ns t i t ut i on, t he r e ha s be e na n

une xpe c t edl yhi gh numbe rofa ppl i ca t i o nsf orpa r t i ci pa t i on i nt heRDP, w i t ha n ea r l y pa r t i c i pa t i on r a t eofa ppr oxi ma t e l y 40% oft he f a c i l i t y' spo pul a t i on. D E99 -1 . A sa r es ul t ,

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 8 of 34

De f e nda nt sr evi s e dt he gui de l i ne sf orpa r t i c i pat i on i nt he RDP, l ea di ng t o adr op i ne l i gi bl e i nmat e s .I d

Ther e vi s i o nt ot hegui de l i ne sr es ul t e di nt he a ddi t i on ofaques t i on t ot he

As s e s s me ntShe e tus e d by De f e nda nt st o de t e nni nepa r t i ci pa t i on e l i gi bi l i t y. The new As s es s me ntShe e ti ncl ud est heque s t i o n d W hata r et her el i gi ousr e as onsf oryourdi e tne e ds ?

Pl e a s es p e c i f yt h es p e c i f i cl a wt s )c o n n e c t e dt oy o u rb e l i e fo rf a i t ht h a tr e q u i r e t s )y o ut oe a ta
r e l i gi ousdi e t ? ' '1 7 E998a t1 3.

3 3. S e v e r a l mo n t h sa f t e rt hepr e l i mi na r yi n j u n c t i o nh e a r i n g , De f e n d a nt sa d v i s e dt h a t
t henew RDP woul d notber ol l edouts t a t e wi deby Se pt e mber201 3a nd, i ns t e a d, wi l lbe

i nt r oduc ed a taha ndf ulofi ns t i t ut i onsbe t we e n now a nd J a nua r y 201 4. D E992. Thos e i ns t i t ut i onsa r eCr os sCi t y Cor r e c t i ona lI ns t i t ut i on, Eve r g l a de sCor r e c t i o na lI ns t i t ut i on,
Ho me s t e ad Co r r e c t i ona lI ns t i t ut i o n, Nor t hwes tFl or i daRe ce pt i on Ce nt e r nd Okal oos a ,a Cor r e c t i ona lI ns t i t u t i on.1 d.The r ea r ec ur r e nt l y no pl a nst oi nt r oducet he RDP a ta ny a ddi t i onal i ns t i t ut i ons .f J. 34. Addi t i ona l l y, nota l loft he s ef i ve f a c i l i t i eswi l lus ed pr e pa cka ge dm e al s .

Nor t hwes tFl or i daRe ce pt i on Ce nt e ra nd Eve r gl a de sCo r r e c t i ona lI ns t i t ut i on wi l lus ekos he r ki t c he nst opr e pa r em e a l s .1 d.Eve r gl a deswi l lus eac om bi na t i on ofpr e pa c kag ed mea l sa nd mea l spr e pa r e di nt hekos he rki t c he n. 1 d. Def e nda nt snow s t a t et ha tt he y wi l li mpl e me n tt heRDP a tCr os sCi t y, Eve r gl ad es , a ndN or t hwes tFl or i daon o ra bou tJ a nua r y1 5, 201 4. 1 d. The r ea r eno i mpl e me nt a t i on da t e sf or
H om es t e a d orO ka l oos a. 1 d.

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 9 of 34

#.

Co s to ft h eRe l i gi o u sDi e t Pr o g r a m
De f e nda nt ses t i ma t et ha tt he ma r gi na lc os tofpr o vi di ng a kos he rdi e tunde rt he

RDP i s$5. 81pe rpr i s one r , pe rda y.U. S.Ex.3 0.

Thet ot alcos toft hePr o gr a m de pe ndsi npa r ton t henumberofpa r t i c i pa n t s . I f

pa r t i c i pa t i oni nt heRDP i st hes a mea spa r t i c i pa t i on i nJ DAP ( ave r a gi ng250pr i s one r spe rda y) ,
i t st ot a lc os twi l lbe $5 30, 1 6 2 perye ar Thi se xpe ns er e pr e s e nt s. 00025 ofFDOC ' Sope r a t i ng
.

budge t( $530, 000/ $2. 1bi l l i on= . 00025) . 38. l fpa r t i ci pa t i oni nt heRDP i st wi c eashi ghaspa r t i ci pa t i oni nJ DAP ( a ve r a gi ng 50 0pr i s one r spe rda y) , t het ot a lcos toft heRDPwi l lbe$1 , 060, 3 24pe rye a r Thi s expens e
.

r e pr es e nt s. 00 05 ofFDOC' Sope r a t i ng budge t . 39. Si nc ei ns t i t u t i on oft heRDP a tUni on,t he r eha sbe e na nu ne xpe ct edl yhi gh

numbe rofa ppl i c a t i onsf orpa r t i c i pa t i on i nt heRDP,wi t ha ni ni t i alpa r t i c i pa t i onr a t e of

a ppr oxi ma t e l y 40% a nd a c ur r e ntr at ecl os e rt o 25 % oft hef a c i l i t y' spopul a t i on. DE99-1. A

s t a t e wi depa r t i ci pa t i onr a t eof40% woul dl e a dt oacos tof$86, 52 2, 520pe rye a r( 40, 800
pr i s o ne r sx $5. 8lx 365)or. 0 4 ofFDOC' Sope r a t i ngbudge t ,whi l eas t a t e wi depar t i ci pa t i onr a t e
of25 % woul dl ea dt o ac os tof$5 4, 076, 575pe rye aror. 02575 o fFDOC' Sope r a t i ngbudge t
.

T h eFo u rCh a l l e n g e dPr o v i s i o n so ft h eRe l i gi ou sDi e t Pr o g r a m'

40. Pr i s o ne r sa r ee l i gi bl et o par t i ci pa t ei nt he RDP onl yi ft he y pas st he d s i nc er i t y

t es t ' ' pr e s cr i be dbyFDOC Pr oc ed ur e503. 006( 4 ) .U. S. Ex. 32 a t45.

2 I ta ppe a r st ha tnota 1 1oft he s epr ovi s i onsc ont i nuet o bepa r toft heRDP. H ow ever , gi ve nt he c ons t an t l yc hangi ng na t ur e oft he RD P, t hei s s ueofwhe t he rt hes epr o vi s i on a r eva l i d unde rRLU I PA i snotm oot .
9

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 10 of 34

The RD P' S s s i nc e r i t yt e s t ' ' r equi r e st ha tpr i s one r ss e e ki ng t o pa r t i ci pa t ei nt he

Pr ogr a mf i l ea f onua lr e que s tf orakos he rdi eta nd i nt e r v i e w wi t ha n FDOC c ha pl ai n w ho t es t s t hepr i s one r ' s l kno wl e dgeoft her e l i gi o na nd t her e qui r e me nt sofke epi ng ar el i gi ousdi e t . ' ' U. S. Ex. 32. The c ha pl ai n ma yt he nl conf i r m' ' apr i s one r ' ss t a t e d bel i ef st hr oug ht s i nt e r ne ts ea r chest o

r e s e a r chdi e tr equi r e me nt sf ors pe c i f i cr el i gi ons ' s t af fi nt e r vi e ws ,i ns pe c t i on ofr e cor dsoft he ,'

pr i s o ne r ' sa t t e nda ncea tr el i gi o usc er e moni e s nd c onve r s a t i onsw i t hr el i gi oust l gu r e s ,a . 1 d. l ft he

pr i s one r ' sknowl e dge ofr e l i gi ousor t hodo xy i ss uf f i ci e nt hepr i s one ri sa dm i t t ed t ot hekos her ,t
di e tpr og r a m. 42.

Cha pl a i n Ta yl ora c knowl e dge dt hatt he c r i t e r i aus edt o as s e s ss i nce r i t yi sl i not

ve r yc l ea r ' ' a nd c r e a t e sa t s l i ppe r yi s s ue.'' J une 5 Tr . a t6263. FD O C ha s notpr ovi de da ny

t r a i n i n go ro t h e rg u i d a n c et oc h a pl a i n sa ti t s6 0ma j o ri ns t i t u t i o n sa b o u th o wt oj u d g eap r i s o n e r ' s

'' s i nce r i t y ort e s t i knowl e dge oft her e l i gi on a nd t her e qui r e ment sofke e pi ng ar el i gi ousdi e t .

J une 4 Tr . a t9395. 43.

Unde rt hepr i orve r s i o n oft heRel i gi o usDi e tPr og r am t ha twa sc hal l e nge db yt he

Un i t e dS t a t e s ' Mo t i o nf o raP r e l i mi n a r yI n j u n c t i o n , p r i s o n e r swh op a s s e dt h es i n c e r i t yi n t e r v i e w

pr oc es swe r er e qui r e dt o ea te xc l us i ve l yno nkos he rm e al sf or90dayspr i ort oa c ce s s i ng t he
kos herdi e top t i on. U . S.Ex.3. De f e nda nt sr e m ovedt hi spr o vi s i on f r om t heRDP on t hee veof

t h ep r e l i mi n a r yi n j u nc t i o nhe a r i nga f t e rb r i e t l n go nt h eUn i t e dSt a t e s 'M o t i o nwa sc o mp l e t e .

De f e nda nt scon t i nue t o def end t hel e ga l i t y oft he 9 0da y pr ovi s i o n whi l es i m ul t a neo us l ya r gui ng

t h a tt h eCo u r t l a c ks j u r i s d i c t i o nt or e v i e wi t .Se eDe f s ' P r o p os e dFi n d i ng so fF a c ta n d Co n c l . o f

La w C De f s 'Fi ndi ngs ' ' ) , DE47a t2 4.

1 0

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 11 of 34

44.

Thenew RDP a l s oc ont a i nsapr ovi s i o nt ha tr e movesa nypr i s one rwho m i s s e st e n

pe r c e ntofava i l a bl e me al s . U. S.Ex. 3 2a t6.A r e movedpr i s o ne rma y notr e a ppl yf ors i x mo nt hs .1 d.TheTe n Pe r c e ntRul ea ppl i ese ven i ft hepr i s o ne rwhom i s s e st e n pe r c e ntofm ea l s c ons um e se xc l us i ve l ykos he rf ood whe nt hepr i s one re l e c t st oe at . f #. 45. A pr i s one rwho f a s t sf orr e l i gi ousr e as o nsa nd m i s s e st e n pe r c e ntofme al sw i l lbe

r e move df r om t heRDP unl es st hepr i s o ne rs ubm i t sar eque s tf orar e l i gi ousf a s tf i f t e e n da ysi n

a d va l we.f J.De f e nda n t s'wi t nes s e sdi d noti de nt i f ya n y ba s i sf ors el e c t i ng t het enpe r c e nt

t l l r es hol d.J une4 Tr . a t1 23( i l l heCour t :Andho w wast het e npe r ce ntnumbe rs el e c t e d

. . .

A:To behones t ,l ' m notqui t es u r e how t ha tt e n pe r c e ntc a m ei n t oe f f ec t . ' ' l ;J une4Tr .a t50( : i 1 he s i t a t et os a yi t ' sa r bi t r a r y,butIdon' tt hi nk i t ' sbas e d on a ny a nal yt i c alf ol ' mul a.' ' l . 46.
'' l naddi t i on t ot heTe n Pe r ce ntRul e he RDP c ont a i nsa i ' Ze r o Tol e r a nc e Rul e ,t ,

unde rwhi c h apr i s one ri sr e move df r om t heRDP i fheors hec ons um e sa ny i t e mt ha tFDOC' S

c o n t r a c t o r sd on o tl i s ta sd k o s h e r . ' 'J u ne4Tr . a t1 4 3( Q: s i si tc o r r e c t t ha t i fap r i s o n e re a t sa

s i ngl ei t e m t ha ti snotc ons i de r e d kos he rbyt hec ont r a c t ort ha tpr o vi de dt hel i s tt o you, t hatt hat pr i s o ne ri sr e moved f r o m t he di e tpr og r a m ... ? A . That i sc or r ec f). Re mova ll as t sf or30da ys f ora t i r s tof f e ns e ,1 20 da ysf o ras ec ond of f e ns e ,a nd oneyea rf o <a l ls ubs eque ntof f e ns e s . U . S. Ex.3 2a t6.Re m ova lf r om t heRDP i sm a nda t or yf o raf i r s tof f e ns e, J une 5 Tr . a t1 00,a nd

pr i s one r sdo no tha ve a n oppor t uni t yt oe xpl a i nt he i rr ea s o nsf orc ons um i ng a s non-kos he r ' ' i t e m
pr i ort or e m ova l .U . S.Ex.3 2 at6; J une 5 Tr . at101. 47. De f e nda nt sa r gue t hatt hi sp r ovi s i o ni s ne c es s a r yt o avoi dwa s t e. How e ver , Mr .

Phi l l i pst e s t i f i e dt ha tunus e d mea l sdo notc r e a t ewas t ebec a us epr e pac kag ed kos he rmea l sl as tt $ a

c oupl eye a r s . ' 'J une4 Tr . a t1 47( $ 1 Q:l fyouwe r eor de r i ngt hos es he l f s t a bl ekos he rmea l s ,a nd

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 12 of 34

t he qua nt i t yt ha tyou or der e dt ur ne d outt o be s l i g ht l y mor et ha n wha twa sne e ded t her e' s no r eal
,

r i s kt ha tany oft hos e me al swoul d go ba da nd bewa s t ed be f or et heywe r eus e d bypr i s o ne rs, r i g ht ? A. No,1don' tbe l i e ves o.' ' ) .Fonne rBOPRe gi onalFoodSe r v i c eAdmi ni s t r a t orDenni s Wa t ki nsl i ke wi s et es t i fedt ha tf oo ds e r vi c eof f i ci al sca ne ns ur et ha tm e a l sdono tgo t o wa s t eby pr e pa r i ng a c ons e r va t i venumbe rofhote nt r e es . l fapr i s o ne rs howe d up be f or ehi sorhe rm e a l

wa spr e pa r ed, f ood s e r v i c eof f i c i a l scoul d he atup a na ddi t i ona lm e a li nt ; am i nut ea nd a ha l ft o

t wo mi nu t e s . ' 'J une 5Tr .a t1 26.
V. Di et ar y Pol i c i e s atO t he r C or r ec t i onall ns t i t ut i ons

48.

Atl ea s t35 s t a t ede pa r t me nt sofcor r e c t i on of f e rakos he rdi e tt ot hei rpr i s one r s .

U. S.Ex.1 6.I n 2007, t heFDOC s t udygr oup' ss ur ve yofs t a t eco r r e c t i ona lf a c i l i t i esf ound t ha t
26 of3 4r es pondi ng f ac i l i t i e sof f e r e d akos he rdi e t .U . S.Ex. 2.l ns t i t u t i o nst ha tcur r e nt l y pr ovi de

akos he rd i e tt opr i s one r si ncl udet heFede r a lBur e auofPr i s ons( $ BOP' ' ) ,t heNe w Yor k
De pa r t me ntofCor r ec t i o na lSe r vi c e s ,Ca l i f o r ni aDe pa r t me ntofCor r e c t i onsa nd Re ha bi l i t a t i o n, Te xa sDe pa r t mentofCr i mi na lJ us t i c e, a ndt hel l l i noi sDe pa r t me ntofCor r e c t i ons . U. S. Ex.2, 1 6,23. 49. Ne w Yor kd oesnotr e q ui r ea n ys i nce r i t yt e s tbe f or ea dm i t t i ng pr i s one r st oi t s

kos he rdi e tpr og r a m .U. S. Ex. 23.Ra t he r ,apr i s one rne e d onl yr e gi s t e rhi sorhe rr el i gi o us pr e f e r e nc et o obt a i n ar el i gi ousdi e t .1 d. Si mi l a r l y,FDOC Ge ne x a lCo uns e lKa t hl e e n Von Hoe ne a c knowl e dge dt ha t8 o f11 s t a t ede pa r t me n t sofc or r e di onss ur ve yed b y Def e nda nt sha dno f or mals i nc e r i t yt es t i ng f ort hei rr e l i gi ousdi e tpr og r a msbe c a us e t de vel opi ng at e s twoul dbe

di f t i c ul tunde r( RLUI PAI . ' 'U. S. Ex. 24.

1 2

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50.

TheFe der a lBur e a u ofPr i s onsof f e r sakos he rt t ce r t i f i e d Rel i gi o usM e nu' ' t o

pr i s one r si ne a ch ofi t s11 5f a ci l i t i es nc l udi ng i t sma xi mum s ec ur i t yf a c i l i t yi n Fl or e nc e, ,i Col or a do,a nd s e ve r alf a ci l i t i esi nt hes t a t eofFl or i d a. U . S.Ex.l 4;J u ne5 Tr . at1 3335. BOP

ha sof f e r e d akos he rdi e ts ys t e mwi de f ort wo dec a des .

For me rBOP As s i s t a ntDi r e c t orJ ohn Cl a r kt es t i f i edt ha ta c ce s st or e l i gi ousdi e t s f ur t her st i t hei nh er e ntval ueofpr i s one r sbei ngpos i t i vel ye nga ge di n pr o- s oci ala c t i vi t y. ' 'J une 4
Tr .a t86.

52.

l ne ac h ofi t sf ac i l i t i es ,BOP' sf ood s e r v i c econs i s t sofa mai nl i ne, a veg et a r i a n

opt i o n,a nd aCe r t i f i ed Rel i gi ousM e nu opt i o n. U . S.Ex.1 4;J une 5 Tr .a t1 3233. BO P' s Ce r t i f i e d Re l i gi o usM e nu s e r v espr e pac ka ge d, c er t i f i e d kos he re nt r e e ss u ppl e me nt e d wi t h ce r t a i n i t emsf r om BOP' so t he rf ood s e r v i ceope r a t i ons .1 d. 53. BOP' sCe r t i t l ed Re l i gi ousM e nu i sope nt o pr i s oner sofa l lr el i g i ousf a i t hs . A

f e de r a lpr i s one rwho des i r e sakos herdi e tm us ts ubmi tar e ques tand mee twi t h ac ha pl a i na tt he pr i s one r ' sf a c i l i t y.Onc ea BOP c ha pl a i n de t e r mi ne st ha tapr i s one r ' sr e ques tf ort he Ce r t i f i e d Re l i g i ousM e nu i ss i nce r e, t he c ha pl a i n no t i fest hef a c i l i t y' sf ood s e r vi c edi r e c t o ra nd t he
pr i s o ne ri si mm e di a t e l y el i gi bl et o par t i c i pa t ei nt he Ce r t i t i e dRe l i gi ous M enu. U . S. Ex.1 4, . J une

5 Tr .a t1 28. The r ei sno wai t i ngper i od be f or ea f ede r a lpr i s one rmaybe gi n co ns um i ng a c e r t i f i edkos he rd i e t .f #. BOP doe sno te m pl o y as i nc e r i t yt es tt ha tf oc us e so n knowl e dgeofr el i gi o us dodr i nebec a us e i t he r e' sno ne xusbe t wee n be i ng a bl et oa r t i c ul a t ekno wl e dgea ndwhe t he ror nott her e' sas i nc er er e l i gi ousbe l i e f . ' 'J une4 Tr .a t9 0.Cha pl a i nTa yl ora c knowl edge dt ha tBOP a ba ndone dk nowl e dget es t i ng ye a r sa go be ca us e oft i t hepr obl e m si tc r ea t ed.' 'J une 5Tr .a t98.
1 3

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 14 of 34

BOP do esnotr e movepr i s o ne r sf r om t he Ce r t i t i e d Rel i gi o usDi e twho e l e c tnott o

e a ta c e r t a i n per c e nt a ge ofm ea l s . J une 5 Tr . a t1 27.

5 6.

NordoesBOP m o ni t orc om mi s s a r ypur c has e sofpr i s one r se nr ol l e di ni t skos he r

di e tpr ogr a m.J u ne5Tr . a t1 40( t t wedonotmo ni t orwha tt hos ei nma t espur c ha s ei nt he

c o mmi s s a r f).
57. Appr oxi ma t e l y1 . 2pe r c e ntofBOP pr i s one r sa r ecur r e nt l ye nr ol l e di nt heCe r t i t i e d

Rel i gi o usM e nu pr ogr a m .J une 5 Tr . a t1 36.Af t e ra ni ni t i als pi kei n pa r t i c i pa t i on s hor t l yahe r

BOP i mpl eme nt e dt hekos he rdi e tpr ogr a m , pa r t i c i pa t i on ha sr ema i ne ds t e ady f orne a r l yt wo de c ade s .J une 5Tr .a t13637.

58.

The t ot a lcos tofBOP' sCer t i f i ed Re l i gi ousM e nu r a nge sf r om $ 4 80t o $6. 75pe r

.

pr i s one r ,pe rda y.J une 5 Tr .a t1 3 5. CONCLUSI ONS O F LAW

De f e nda nt sr ai s es e ver a la r gum e nt si no ppos i t i on t ot he M ot i o n. Def e nda nt sa r g ue t ha t

t h emo t i o ni smo o tb a s e do nDe f e n d a n t s ' n e w RDP, t h a tt h eCo u r t l a c k s j u r i s d i c t i o nt o a d j u d i c a t ea n yi s s u e swi t ht h en e w RDP b e c a u s et h eP l a n wa sn o te x p l i c i t l ypl e di nt h e

co mpl a i nt ,a nd t ha tt hemot i o ns ho ul d bede ni e d on i t sm e r i t s .De f enda nt sca l mo tpr e va i lon a ny oft he i ra r gume nt s .
1 . The Cas ei sN otM oot

De f e nd ant sa r guet ha tt hea dopt i on ofFl or i da' sne w RDP m oot st he Uni t ed St a t e s '
RLU I PA c l a i m ba s ed on t he f a i l ur et o pr ovi de kos he rm e a l s . Thi se xa c ti s s ue w asr e ce nt l y

a d d r e s s e db yt h eEl e v e n t hCi r c ui t i n Ri c hv . S e c r e t a r y , Fl o r i daDe pa r t me n t o fco r r e c t i o n s , 71 6

F. 3 d5 25( 11 t h Ci r .201 3) .I nRi ch, ani ndi vi dua lpr i s o ner ,who i sanor t hodox J ew,c ha l l e nge d
1 4

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 15 of 34

t heDe f e nda nt s 'f a i l ur et opr ovi dehi m wi t h kos he rm e a l sunde rRLUI PA . W hi l et heRi c ha ppe al wa spe ndi ng,t he i ns t a nts ui twa st i l eda nd Fl or i dannnot mc e dt hede vel opm e ntofi t sne w RDP. Asar es ul t ,t heRi c h def enda nt sa r gue dt ha tt hea ppea lwa smoot . The El e ve nt hCi r c ui the l dt hat t hec l a i mswe r enotm ootu ndert hevol unt a r yc e s s at i o n doc t r i ne c hr e qui r e st he a na l ys i sof , whi

t l t r e ef a c t or s :( 1 )whe t he rt het e nni na t i onoft heof f e ndi ngc onduc twasuna mbi g uous ;( 2)
whe t he rt he c ha ngei ng ove nn me ntpol i c y orcond uc ta ppe a r st o bet her es ul tofs ubs t a nt i a l

d e l i b e r a t i o n, o ri ss i mp l ya na t t e mp tt oma n i p ul a t ej u r i s d i c t i o n; a n d( 3 )wh e t h e r t h eg o v e r n me n t
hasl t co ns i s t e nt l ya ppl i ed' ' ane w pol i c y oradhe r e dt o ane wc our s eofc onduc t . 1 d.a t531 32.
Appl yi ng t he s ef a c t or st o vi r t ua l l yt he s a m ef ac t s pr e s e nt l y bef or et hi s Cour t he El e ve nt h Ci r c ui t ,t

f o und t ha tt heRi c h de f e ndant sha d notuna m bi guous l yt e r mi na t e dt he i rpol i c y ofr e f us i ng kos he r me a l s .1 d.a t532.TheCour ts pee i t ka l l ynot e dt ha tt he Ri c h de f e nda nt s 'pol i c ycha ngeca me t l l a t ei nt he g ame, ' 'a nd onl ya f t e rRi c h' sbr i efha dbe e nf i l e d wi t ht heEl e ve nt h Ci r c ui ta nd t hi s

s ui tha d bee nf i l e d.I d TheEl e ve nt h Ci r c ui tf ur t he rnot e dt ha tt heRDP ha d be en i mpl e me nt e d

o n l ya t t h ep r i s o nwhe r eRi c hwa si nc a r c e r a t e d, i n d i c a t i n ga na t t e mp t t oma n i p u l a t ej u r i s d i c t i o n. 3

I d. Fi na l l y, t heEl e ven t h Ci r c ui tal s of ound t ha tRi c h' sc l ai m swe r enotmootba s e d on De f e nda nt s 'co nt i nued a s s e r t i on t ha tt hei rf a i l ur et opr o vi dekos he rmea l sdi d notvi ol a t et he l a w. I d Thus ,ba s e d on Ri c h,t he Uni t e d St a t es 'c l ai m si nt hei ns t antc as ea r enotmoot . 4

3 I ti ss t i l lt heca s et ha tt he RDP hasonl y be e ni ns t i t ut e da ta s i ngl ec or r ec t i ona lf ac i l i t y. 4 w hi l eDef e nda nt sa r guet ha tt heE vol un t a r yc e s s a t i on' ' doc t r i ne doe sno ta ppl yunder RLUI PA, s e e DE34 a t9,t heEl e ve nt h Ci r c ui tc l ea r l yf ound ot he r wi s ei n Ri c h.
l5

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 16 of 34

I I .

TheCour tH asJur i s di c t i on Overt he Gove r nm e nt ' sChal l e nget ot heNe w Re l i gi ous Di etProgram

De f e n d a n t sa r g u et h a t t h i sCo u r t l a c k sj u r i s d i c t i o nt oa d j ud i c a t ed e t i c i e n c i e swi t ht he
( RDP be c a us et heUni t e d St a t e sdoe sno ts pe c i f i c a l l yi de nt i f yt hePr ogr a m i ni t sCompl a i nt . Thi s
ar g um e nti sunava i l i ng,a s Fe de r a lRul e ofCi vi lPr oc e dur e 8 doe s no tr equi r e a pl a i n t i f ft oa l l e ge

e ve r yf a c tt ha ts up por t si t scl a i m .Fed. R.Ci v. P. 8. t unde rRul e8( a ) ,a ppl i c abl et oor di na l y c i vi lpr oc ee di ngs ,aco mpl ai n tne e d onl yp r ovi def ai rnot i e eofwha tt hepl a i nt i f fse l ai mi sa nd
t hegr oundsu ponwhi c hi tr e s t s . ' 'M a yl ev . Fel i x,54 4U. S.644,655( 2005) .I ni t sCompl a i n t , t heUni t e d St a t esal l eg est ha tDe f e nda nt s'di e t a r ypol i ci e svi ol a t eRLUI PA by bur de ni ngt he r e l i gi ouse xe r ci s eofpr i s one r ss e e ki ng akos herdi e t f e nda n t s 'c ont i nui ng m odi t i ca t i o nst o .s De t he i rdi e t a r y pol i ci esi nr es pons et ot hi sl i t i g a t i o na r ef a c t ua lde t a i l st ha tf i twi t hi nt hes c ope o f t heUni t e d St a t es 'RI UI PA cl a i m u nde rt he f a i rnot i c es t a nda r d. C / De l Mo n t eFr e s hPr o du c e

Co . v .Uni t e dS t a t e s ,5 7 0F. 3 d31 6 , 3 2 4( D. C. Ci r . 20 0 9 )( r e ve r s i n gt h ed i s t x i c t c o u r t ' sd i s mi s s a l

ofac ha l l e nget ot heTr ea s ur yDe pa r t me nt ' sdel a yi n gr a nt i ng al i c e ns ebe c a us et he c o ur twr o ng l y
f oc us e d on t he l ' pr e c i s e hi s t or i c a lf a c t st ha ts pa wned t he pl a i nt i f fsc l a i ms ' 'r a t hert ha n( t t he l e ga l

wr ongco mpl ai ne dof' ) .Fur t he r mo r e, a nyot he rr es ul twoul dal l ow adef e nda ntt oa voi dl i a bi l i t y
i n pe r pe t ui t yby c ont i nua l l ym odi f yi ng apol i c yc ha l l e nge di nl i t i ga t i on.I na ny e ve nt , De f e nda nt s t he ms e l ve sha vepl a c e dt heRDP a ti s s uebyr a i s i ng i ti nt he i roppos i t i on t ot he i ns t a ntm ot i on

a n db ya r g u i ngt h a t i t mo o t st h eUn i t e dS t a t e s ' c a s e .Co n s e q u e n t l y , t h eCo u r t h a sj u r i s d i c t i o nt o

hea rt he c ha l l e nge st ot he ne w RDP.

s Mo n t h sa f t e rt h epr e l i mi n a r yi n j u n c t i o nh e a r i ng , t h eUn i t e dS t a t e sf i l e da nAme n d e d

Compl ai n t ,D E1 04,w hi c hs pe ci f i ca l l y pl e a ds t he exi s t e nc e oft he RDP.
16

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 17 of 34

1 1 1 . TheUni t ed St at e sl sEnt i t l e dt o aPr e l i mi nar yI nj unc t i on

A pr e l i mi na r yi n j u n c t i o ni sa p p r o p r i a t ewh e r et h emo v i n gp a r t ys h o ws : ( 1 )as u b s t a n t i a l

l i k e l i ho o do fs u c c e s so nt h eme r i t s ; ( 2 )t ha t a ni n j u n c t i o ni sn e c e s s a r yt opr e v e n ti r r e p a r a b l e i n j u r y; ( 3 )t h a tt hei n j u r yt ot h emo vi n gpa r t yo u t we i g hswha t e v e rd a ma g et hep r o p o s e d i n j u n c t i o nmi g h tc a us et h en o n mo vi ngpa r t y ; a n d( 4 )t h a t a ni n j u n c t i o ni si nt h epu b l i ci n t e r e s t
.

Be l l sout h Te l e co mms . ,I nc.v . M cl Me t r oAcc e s sTr ans mi s s i on Se r v s 425 F. 3d 964,968 ., LLC,

( 1 1 t hCi r . 2 0 0 5 ) . TheUni t e dS t a t e sh a se s t a bl i s h e de a c ho ft h e s ee l e me n t s .Th u s , apr e l i mi na r y i n j u n c t i o ni swa nu n t e d.

A. TheUni t e d St at e si sLi ke l yt o Suc c e ed on t heM er i t sofi t sRLUI PA Cl ai m

RLUI PA pr ohi bi t spol i c i e st ha ts ubs t a nt i al l y bt l r de nr el i gi ouse xe r c i s ee xc e ptwhe r ea

pol i c y ( l )i si nf ur t he r a nceofaco mpe l l i nggove mme n t a li nt e r e s t ,a ' nd( 2)i st hel ea s tr e s t r i di ve

me a nsoff u r t he r i ngt ha tc ompel l i ng g ovenune nti nt e r es t . ' '42 U .S. C.j2000e c1 ( a ) .Unde rt hi s s c he m e, onc e apl ai nt i f fpr o vest ha tac ha l l e nge d pr a di ces ubs t a nt i a l l ybur densr e l i gi ous

e xe r ci s e ,t hebur de ns hi f l st ot hede f e nda ntt os a t i s f yRLUI PA ' Ss t r i c ts cr ut i ny i nqui r y. 42 U . S. C.

j2000c c2( b) .Ass e tf o r t hbe l o w,De f e nda nt sc a nnotme e tt he i rbur de n.

De f e n d a n t s' Ch a l l e n ge dDi e t a r yPo l i c i e sS u b s t a nt i a l l yBu r d e nt h e Re l i gi o u sEx e r c i s eo fFl o r i d a' sPr i s o n e r s

Ea ch ofDe f e nda nt s 'c hal l enge d di e t a r y pol i c i ess ubs t a nt i a l l ybur de nst her el i g i ous e xe r c i s eofFl or i da p r i s one r s .A t pol i c y ofno tpr ovi di ng kos he rf ood ma y be de e me dt o wor ka

s ubs t a n t i a lbur de nupon ( a ni nma t e' s lpr a di c eofhi sf a i t h. ' 'Bar anows ki v.Har t ,486F. 3d11 2, 1 25( 5 t h Ci r .2007) ; s e eal s oBe e r hei dev .Su t he r s, 28 6F. 3d 11 79,118 5( 1 0t h Ci r . 2002)( f a i l ur e
t op r ovi dekos he rdi e tbur de nsf r e eexe r c i s eofr e l i gi oni nvi ol a t i onoft heFi r s tAme ndme nt ) .

17

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 18 of 34

Def enda nt sc once det ha ta s ubs t a nt i albur de nr e s ul t sf r om t he i rbl a nke tde ni a lofakos he rdi e t

a n df r o mt h r e eo f t h ef o u rc h a l l e n g e dp r o v i s i o nso ft h eRDP: ( 1 )t he9 0 Da yRu l e ; ( 2 )t h e( Ye r o

t ol e r a nce ' ' r e m ova lofpr i s o ne r swho c ons t l mea s i ngl ei t e m Def e nda nt sl i s t edasno nkos her ;a nd

( 3)t het ' s i nc e r i t yt e s t ' ' t ha tpr obespr i s one r s 'knowl ed geofr e l i g i o usdoc t r i ne.Se eDef s 'Opp t o
.

Mo t . f o r Pr e l i m. I n j . , DE3 4, a t. 21 2 4 ; U. S. Re p l y , DE4 0 , a t9 1 0 .
Thef o ur t hc ha l l e nge d pr ovi s i on -whi e hr e m ovespr i s one r sf r om t heRDP i ft he ym i s st e n pe r c entofm e a l s-l i ke wi s ei m pos esas ubs t a nt i a lbur de n. The Te n Pe r ce ntR ul er e m oves pr i s one r sf r o m t hei rde s i r edr el i g i o usdi e tf oram i ni m um o fs i x m on t hsi ft he y do notea ta tl ea s t 90pe r c e ntoft he a va i l a bl em e al s , eve ni fe ve r ym e a lt hepr i s one r sea ti skos he r . A pol i c yt ha t de ni e sar el i gi ousdi ett o apr i s one r ,e ve n whe r et he r ei snoevi de ncet ha tt hepr i s one ri si ns i nc e r e,

s u b s t a n t i a l l yb u r d e n sr e l i g i o use x e r c i s e .C f Lc wy onv . Si n g l e t a r y, 8 5F. 3 d5 0 2 , 5 0 9( 1 9 9 6 ) )

( l t pol i ci e sgr o unde donmer es pe c ul at i on' ' vi ol a t et hel a w) .Fur t he r ,as i xmont hr e mova l
unques t i o na bl ywor ksas ubs t a nt i a lbur de n.Se eNel s onv .Mi l l e r ,570F. 3d868,880( 7t h Ci r .

2009)( f a i l ur et opr ovi deanonmea tdi e tdur i ng40da ysofLe ntas ubs t a nt i albur de n) ;fov el ac e v .fe e, 472F. 3d 1 74,1 87( 4 t hCi r . 2006 )( de nyi ngM us l i m pr i s one rs pe ci a lRa mada nme a l s24 o utof30da ysco ns t i t ut e sas ubs t a n t i a lbur de nunde rRLUI PA) .

De f e n d a n t s' Ch a l l e n ge dDi e t a r yPo l i c i e sAr eNo t t h eLe a s t Re s t r i c t i v e Me a n so fFu r t h e r i n gaCo mpe l l i n g Go v e r n me n t l n t e r e s t

Be ca us e Def e nda nt s 'di e t a r y pol i c i ess ubs t a nt i a l l yb ur de nr el i gi ouse xe r c i s e, t hebur den s hi f t st ot he Def e nda nt st os how t ha te ac h oft hes epr ovi s i o nsi st hel ea s tr es t r i c t i vem e a nsof

f ur t he r i ngac ompe l l i nggove r nme nti nt e r e s t .42U. S. C.j20 00c c 2( b) .Noneoft hec hal l e ng ed
pr ovi s i ons m e e tt hi ss t anda r d.

18

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 19 of 34

a.

TheBl a nke tDe ni a lofa Kos he rDi et

Att het i met heUni t e d St a t esf i l e di t sCompl ai nt f e nd ant sde ni e d akos he rdi e tt oa 1 l , De butaha ndf ulofpr i s oner si n as i ngl ef ac i l i t y. Undi s pu t ed Fa c t s1 9. Thi sne ar bl a nketde ni a lof akos herdi e ti sno tt he l e as tr es t r i c t i vem e a nsoff ur t he r i nga c ompel l i ng go ve r nm e nti nt e r e s t . l nde e d, De f e ndan t s 'a dmi s s i on t ha tt heyca n pr ovi de akos he rdi e t dde m ons t r a t e sasam a t t erof
l a wt ha tt he i rc ha l l e ng ed di e t a r y po l i c yf a i l sR LUI PA ' Ss t r i c ts c r u t i n yt e s t . De f e nda nt sc a nno t a r g ue t ha tt he y ha ve c om pe l l i ng i n t e r e s t si n de nyi ng a kos he rdi e tw hi l et he y pr ovi de s uc h a di e t

vol unt a r i l ya nd c ont i nuet or e pr e s e ntt ot heCour t t ha tt he yr e mai n co mm i t t edt o pr ovi di ng a kos he rdi e tt o al lel i gi bl epr i s one r s .Se eM ou s s a z ade hv . T e x a sDe pa r t me n to fcr i mi n a l J u s t i c e ,

703F. 3d781, 794( 5 t hCi r . 201 2) ; Kogerv. Br yan,523F. 3 d 789( 7 t hCi r . 2008 )( d en yi ng
r e que s tf oranome a tdi e tvi ol a t e dRLUI PA whe r epr i s onof f e r eds uehadi e tt oo t he rpr i s one r s ) ;

S pr at t v . Rh o d eI s l a n dDe pa r t me n t o fchr r e c t i o n s , 4 8 2F. 3 d33 , 4 0( 1 s tCi r . 2 0 0 7 )( p r i s o n

s ys t e m l a c ke dc ompel l i ng r e a s onsf o rbanni ng i nmat epr ea c hi ngbec a us et hepr i s on had

pr e vi ous l ya l l o weds uchpr e a c hi ng ) ;Was hi n gt onv .Kl e m, 497F. 3d272, 285( 3 dCi r .2007) ( r e s t r i c t i onont henumbe rofr e l i gi ousbooksapr i s one rma ypos s e s si nva l i dwhe r eot he rf a c i l i t i es

i nt h es t a t es y s t e md i dno th a v es u c har e s t r i c t i o n ) ;Wa r s o l d i e rv .Wo o d f o r d, 41 8F. 3 d98 9 , 1 0 01

( 9t hCi r .2005) .Def e nda nt sc a nno tha vei tbot hwa ys- De f e nda nt sc a nnota r guet ha tt he yhavea
c ompe l l i ng i nt er e s ti n no tpr ovi di ng kos he rmea l sa ndal s oa r guet ha tt he ya r ecomm i t t e dt o

VeeJ une4Tr . a t52Cd Q: Mr .Upc hur c h,i t ' sf a i rt os a yt ha tt heDe pa r t me ntof

Cor r e c t i onsha s no w de t e r mi ne dt ha ti tc a n pr ovi de a s t a t e wi de kos he rdi e tpl a n cons i s t e ntw i t h

i t si nt e r es t s ,c or r ec t ? A:Yes . ' ' ) ;J u ne5Tr . a t80( $ 1 Q:Mr .Ta yl or ,t heFl or i daDepa r t me ntof
Cor r e c t i onshasnow de t e r mi ne dt ha ti tc a n pr ovi de a kos he rdi e ti n eve r yf a ci l i t y us i ng c e r t i f i e d

pr e pa c kag edkos he rme al s ;i st ha tc or r ec t ? A:Yes . ' ' ) .

19

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 20 of 34

pr ovi di ng kos he rmea l s .I fDef e nda nt st r ul yr ema i nc omm i t t e dt opr o vi di ng kos herm e al st oa 1 l

e l i gi bl epr i s oner s , t he n Def e nda nt s 'i nt e r es t si nnotpr ovi di ngt hem e a l sc annotbe c ompe l l i ng.
Even i fDe f e ndan t s'c onc e s s i on t ha tt he y ca n,a nd wi l le ve nt ua l l y, pr ovi de a kos he r di e t we r enotf a t alt ot he i rl e ga lde f e ns ef orde nyi ng s uc h adi e t he Uni t e d St a t esi sl i kel yt os ucc e e d ,t

ont heme r i t sofi t sc l a i mf o rt woaddi t i ona lr ea s ons :( 1 )De f enda n t sha venoti dent i t i e da ny
c ompe l l i ngi nt e r e s tf ur t he r e donl yby abl a nke tde ni a lofakos he rdi e tand( 2) n ume r ous
c or r e c t i onalf a c i l i t i e swi t hi n t e r es t si de n t i c a lt o FDOC a r ea bl et oof f e rakos he rdi e t . Fi r s ta ndm os ti mpor t a nt l y,De f e nda nt sha veno ti de nt i f i e da ny c ompe l l i ng i nt e r es tt ha ti s f ur t her e d onl y by abl a nketde ni a lofkos he rdi e t s.De f e nda nt s 'c hi e fa r g um e nti st ha tde nyi ng a kos he rdi e ti st he l e a s tr es t r i c t i vem e a nsoff ur t he r i ngt he i rc ompe l l i ngi nt e r e s ti nc ont r ol l i ng cos t . W hi l ec os tc ont r olma y be ac ompel l i ng i nt e r es ti n ce r t ai ns i t ua t i ons , s e eRi ch,71 6F. 3d a t 53 4, RLUI PA e xpr es s l yc ont e m pl a t e st ha tf a c i l i t a t i ng r e l i gi ouse xe r ci s e t ma yr e qui r ea

gove r nme ntt oi nc ure xpe ns esi ni t sownope r a t i ons . ' '42U. S. C.j2000cc 3( c ) .
Thec os t si ni t i a l l yi de nt i fe d by Def e nda nt si nt hi sl i t i ga t i on a r enotofac ompe l l i ng
ma gni t ude . The a ve r ag ee nr ol l me nti n Def e nda nt s 'pr i o r kos he rdi e tpr og r am w a s 250 pr i s one r s

pe rda y. Ba s e d on Def e nda nt s 'es t i ma t et ha takos he rdi e tc os t s$5. 81m or epe rpr i s o nere a ch
da y, Opp.a t6, ac ompa r a bl epa r t i c i pa t i on r a t ei nt hene w RDP woul d yi e l d at ot alc os tof

ap pr oxi ma t e l y $5 30, 000 peryea r .Ac c e pt i ng Cha pl a i n Tay l o r ' ses t i ma t et ha t500pr i s one r sm a y

pa r t i c i pa t e,t hecos tofpr ovi di ngakos he rdi e ti s$1. 0 6m i l l i on pe rye ar ,or. 0005 ofFDOC' S
budge t . Eve ni fpa r t i c i pa t i o nwe r ef ourt i m esashi gh asund e rt he pr i orpr ogr a m -a ve r a gi ng

1, 000 pr i s one r spe rda y -t hec os twoul d onl y be$2. 1 2m i l l i on pe rye a r ,or. 001ofFDOC' S
budge t .No c ompe l l i ng i nt e r e s ti sf ur t he r e d by a voi di ng s uc h ar e l at i ve l y mi nore xpe ns e.Unde r
20

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 21 of 34

t he l es sr i gor o uss t anda r d ofr e vi e wa p pl i e di n Fi r s tAme ndm e ntca s e s he Te nt h Ci r c ui thashe l d ,t t ha ta voi di ng al a r ge re xpe ndi t ur eon kos he rf ood -cons t i t ut i ng .001 6 oft he budge t-w asnot r a t i o na l l yr el a t ed t o ape nol ogi ca li nt e r e s t .Be e r he i de ,286 F.3 da t11 91; s eeal s o M ous s az ade h,

7 0 3F. 3 da t7 9 5( i wea r es k e p t i c a l t ha ts a v i n gl e s st ha n. 0 0 5 %o f t h ef oo db ud g e t c o ns t i t u t e sa
c ompe l l i ngi n t e r es f' ) .
Af t e rt hee vi de nt i a r yhe a r i ng, De f e nda nt ss ubm i t t e de vi de ncei ndi c a t i ng t ha tt he
pa r t i c i pa t i onr a t ea tt he s i ngl ei ns t i t ut i on whe r ekos he rm e a l sa r ea c t ua l l y bei ng s e r ve di s a ppr oxi ma t e l y 25% oft he i ns t i t ut i on' spopul a t i on.Ho we ve r ,De f e nda nt sa dmi tt ha tt hehi gh pa r t i ci pa t i on r a t ei snotba s ed onr e l i gi ousr ea s ons .SeeN o ve mbe r2 2 Tr . a t1 2.Fur t he r ,t he pa r t i ci pa t i on r a t ewa si ni t i a l l yc l os e rt o40% ;howe ve r ,t her a t eha sdr opped of fa sDe f e nda nt s
ha ve beg un t or ee xa mi ne appl i ca t i o nsf orpm i c i pa t i o ni nt he RDP. See D E991. Cl ea r l y, t he

c ur r e ntpr ogr a m ha sm a de t heRDP a mor ea ppe a l i ng a l t e ma t i vet ha nt hes t a nda r d me alopt i ons .
Thi si s no ta r equi r e me ntofRLU I PA . Thus ,i ta ppe a r st ha tt he hi gh pa r t i c i pa t i on r a t ew i l lnotbe ma i nt a i ne da st he RD P c o nt i nue sand t he d l b ugs ' 'i nt he s ys t e m, w hi c hc ur r e nt l y ha ve m a de t he

RDP mor edes i r a bl et ha ns t a nda r dpr i s on f a r e,a r ewor ke dout . Se eJ une5Tr . a t1 23( ' d Anyt i me
you of f e ra ne w pr og r n mt ot he i nm a t e s , t y pi c al l yy ou' r e goi ng t os e e a hi ghernum be ri ni t i a l l y,

a ndt he nt hos enumber swi l lf a l lof fa f t e rt hr e eo rf ourmont hsors o ofapr ogr a m' ' ) .
Cons eque nt l y, De f e nda nt s ha ve nots how n t ha tt he hi gh pa r t i c i pa t i on r a t ei sr e pr es e nt a t i ve oft he l ongt e r m pa r t i c i pa t i on r a t e. Thus , De f e nda n t sc n nnots how t ha ta voi di ng t he e xpe ns e of pr o vi di ng a kos he rdi e tt o Fl o r i da pr i s one r si st he l ea s tr e s t r i c t i ve m e a ns off ur t he r i ng a
com pel l i ng i nt er es t .

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Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 22 of 34

Se co nd, t hea bi l i t yofs i mi l a rc or r e c t i onalf a ci l i t i est o of f e rakos he rdi e tunder s co r e st ha t De f e nda nt sca n of f e rs uc h adi etco ns i s t e ntwi t hi t spe nol og i e ali nt e r e s t s . I ti swe l le s t a bl i s he d

t ha tS t hepol i c i e sf ol l o we da tot he rwel l r uni ns t i t ut i ons( a r e lr el e va ntt oade t er mi na t i onoft he

ne e df orapa r t i cul a rt ypeofr es t r i c t i on. ' 'Pr ocu ni e rv . Mar t i ne z, 41 6U. S.396,41 4n. 1 4( 1 974) ,

ove r r ul e d onot he rgr oundsb y Thor nbur ghv . Abbot t ,490U. S. 40l , 41 3(1 989) ; Ri c h,71 6F. 3 d a t534( pr a c t i c e sofot heri ns t i t ut i o nsS a z er e l e va ntt oa ni nqui x ya bo utwhe t he rapa r t i c ul a r r e s t r i di o ni st hel e a s tr es t r i c t i veme ansbywhi c ht of ur t he ras ha r e di nt er e s f' ) .TheFe de r a l
Bur e a u ofPr i s o ns 'kos he rd i e tpr ogr a m i spa r t i c ul a r l yr e l e vantbe ea us eBOP d t ha sma nage dt he

l a r g e s tc or r ec t i ona ls ys t e mi nt heNa t i on unde rt he s a mehe i ght e ne ds c r ut i ny s t a nda r d as

RLUI PA wi t ho utc ompr o mi s i ng pr i s on s e c ur i t y, publ i cs a f e t y,ort he c ons t i t ut i o nalr i g ht sof

ot he rpr i s o ne r s . ' 'Cut t e rv .Wi l ki ns on,5 44 U. S. 709,725( 2005) .W he r eBOPa cc ommoda t esa
pa r t i c ul a rr e l i gi ouse xe r ci s e, adef e nda nti sunl i ke l yt os at i s f y RLUI PA' Ss t r i c ts c r ut i ny i nqui r y

i nt hea bs e nceofa nye xpl a na t i onby( t hede f enda nt )ofs i g ni t i c a ntdi f f e r enc esbe t we e ng i t s pr i s on)a ndaf ede r a lpr i s ont ha twoul dr e nde rt hef ede r a lpol i cyunwor ka bl e. ' 'S pr at t ,48 2F. 3d

a t 4 2; s e ea l s o Wa r s o l di e r , 41 8F. 3 da t9 9 9( e n j o i n i n gp r i s o n' sh a i rl e n g t hp ol i c ywh e r e

l l p l r i s o n sr u nb yt hef e d e r a l g o v e r n me n t , Or e g o n , Co l o r a d o, a n dNe v a d aa 1 1me e tt h es a me
pe nol ogi c algoa l swi t houts uc hapol i c y' ).
He r e, t hee xper i e nceofs i mi l a ri ns t i t ut i onsmi l i t a t ess t r ongl ya gai ns tt he l ega l i t y of
De f e nda nt s 'bl a nke tde ni a lofa kos he rdi et .The Fede r a lBur ea u ofPr i s ons , Te xa s , Ne w Yo r k, Cal i f or ni a,I l l i noi sand a tl e as t31ot he rs t a t e sof f era kos he rdi e tt ot he i rpr i s one r s . Se eU . S. Exhi bi t s2,1 4,1 6,23. D e f e ndan t s do note xpl a i n how t hei ri nt e r e s t sdi f f e rf r om t he s el a r ge

c or r e c t i onali ns t i t ut i ons .Se e ,e . g. , J une5Tr .a t3 0( notawa r eofa nydi f f er e nc esi nbudge t a r y

22

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 23 of 34

c i r c ums t a nc esbe t wee nFl or i daa ndot he rl a r gei ns t i t ut i ons ) ;J une5Tr .a t31( nor e a s ont ot hi nk

r a t eofpa r t i ci pa t i oni nkos he rdi e twi l lbehi g he ri nFl or i dat ha not herpr i s ons ys t ems ) .

Re c o g n i z i n gt h i sp r i nc i p l e , t h eEl e v e n t hCi r c ui t r e c e n t l yr e v e r s e dag r a n to fs u mma r yj u d g me n t

f orD e f e nda nt si n a pr i s one r ' ss ui ts e e ki ng a kos herdi e tt t i nl i ghtoft he D e f enda nt s'm ea ge r

e f f or t st oexpl a i n why Fl or i da ' spr i s onsa r es o di f f er e n tf r om t hepe na li ns t i t ut i onst ha tnow pr o vi dekos he rm e a l ss uc ht ha tt hepl a nsad opt e db yt hos eot heri ns t i t ut i o nswoul dno two r ki n Fl o r i da. ' 'Ri c h, 71 6 F. 3d a t534.Be c a us eDe f e nd a nt sha venote s t a bl i s he dt ha tt he yha vea c ompel l i ng s t a t ei nt e r e s ti n notpr ovi di ng akos he rdi e t ,t heUni t e d St a t esi sl i kel yt o pr e vai lon t hemer i t sofi t sc l ai mt hatDe f e nd a nt s 'bl a nke tde ni alofakos he rdi e tvi ol a t esRLUI PA .
b. The 90 Day Rul e

TheRDP' Sr e qui r e me ntt ha tpr i s one r ss ee ki ng akos he rdi e tcons um eexc l us i vel y
no nkos he rf ood f ora pe r i od of90 da ysf ai l sf ort he s a m er e as onsasD e f e ndant s'bl a nke tde ni a l

o fak os h e rd i e t .Ahe r b r i e f i ngc o n c l u d e do nt h eUn i t e dS t a t e s 'P r e l i mi n a l yI n j u n c t i o n Mo t i o n ,

De f e ndan t sa l m ounc edt he y wer er e mo vi ngt hi swa i t i ng pe r i o df r om t he RDP a nd woul d
i m pl e me nta kos he rpr og r am w i t houti t .See U . S. Ex.32. Thi spol i c yc ha ng e de m ons t r a t est ha t t he 90 Da y Rul ec a nno twi t hs t a nd s t r i c ts c r ut i ny. Re ga r dl e s s ,t hepr ovi s i on s ubs t an t i al l y bur de ns r e l i gi ous e xe r ci s e by de pr i vi ng o bs e r va n tpr i s one r s ofa kos he rdi e tf or90 days ,s e e ,e. g. , Ne l s on,

570F. 3dat880( f a i l ur et opr o vi deano nme a tdi e tdur i ng40da ysofLentas ubs t a nt i a lbur de n) ,
a nd i snott he l ea s tr es t r i c t i ve m e a ns off ur t he r i ng a ny c om pe l l i ng i n t e r es t .l ndee d,D e f e ndant s ha ve no ti de nt i f i ed a ny c om pel l i ng i nt e r es tr e l a t e dt ot hi s pr ovi s i on. See O pp.a t2 1 . N orc an De f e nda nt sa voi dt he Cour t ' sr evi e w oft he 90 Da y Rul e by cha ngi ng t he i rpol i c yo nt he e ve ofa

23

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 24 of 34

dec i s i on,ast he yc ont i nue t o de f e nd t hel eg al i t yoft hepr ovi s i on i nt he i rbr i e ng, De f s 'Fi n di ngs at24,a nd ma yr ei ns t i t ut et hepr ovi s i on i nt hef ut ur e .
Re l i gi ous Or t hodo xy Tes t i ng

TheRDP l i ke wi s evi ol a t esRLUI PA by c ondi t i oni ng e r t r ol l me nti nt hePr ogr a m on pr i s o ne r ss a t i s f yi ng apr oee s sofi nt e r vi e wsa nd f ol l o wup i nve s t i ga t i on t ha tf o c us e son t he

p r i s o ne r ' sk n o wl e d g eo f r e l i g i o u sd o g ma . ?Se eU. S. Ex . 3 2a t4 5 .De f e n d a n t s j u d g ewh e t h e r

a ppl i c a nt st ot he RD P s uf f i c i e nt l yg r ou nd t he i rr eque s t si n t know l edg e oft hei rr e l i gi on a nd t he r e qui r e me nt s ofke e pi ng a kos he rdi e t , ' ' 8a nd a ut ho r i z e FD O C c ha pl a i ns t om e as ur e a pr i s one r ' s

f i de l i t yt o apa r t i c ul a rr el i gi on by c onduc t i ng i nt e r vi ews ,i nt e r ne ts ea r c hes ,i ns pe c t i ng pr i s o n r ec or ds , a nd r e vi e wi ngapr i s one r ' spa s tr e l i gi ousa c t i vi t i es .Se eU . S.Ex.32 a t45.Thi s s ubor di na t i on ofpr i s one r s 'pe r s ona lr e l i gi ousbel i ef svi ol a t e sf e de r all a w .Ther i s k ofFDOC of f i c i al ss e co ndg ues s i ngpr i s one r si shei gh t e ne dbec a us e, whi l eDe f e ndant sc once det ha tt he
c r i t e r i ai ni t snew pol i cy a r eS l notve r yc l e a r , ' 'J u ne 5 Tr .a t62, t he y ha ve pr ovi ded no t r a i ni ng t o c ha pl ai nst og ui de t hei ras s e s s me nt s .J une 5 Tr . a t9395. W hi l e RLU I PA i f doe sno tpr e c l ude i nqui r yi n t ot he s i nc e r i t y ofa pr i s one r ' spr of es s e d

r e l i gi os i t y, ' 'Cu t t e r ,544 U. S. at725 n. 1 3,s uc ha ni nq ui r y mus tbe ' ha ndl e d wi t hal i g htt ouc h' '

7 W hi l e Def e nda nt ss t a t et ha tc ur r en t l yt hos econduc t i ng i nt e r v i e wsha vebee ni ns t r u ct e d t oc as ta t i wi de ne t , ' ' s ee D e f s 'Sup p.Pr o p.Fi ndi ngsa t1 7,t her ei s not hi ng i nt he RD P t ha t e ns u r e st ha tt hi swi l lc ont i nuet o beDef e nda nt s 'pol i c y.
' Be ca us e oft he unexpe c t e dl y hi g h pa r t i ci pa t i on r a t ei nt he RDP,D e f enda nt sm odi f i e d t hei rA s s es s me ntShe e tf o rt he Cer t i f i e d Food O pt i on t ha tpr i s one r ss e e ki ng t o pa r t i c i pa t ei nt he RDP f i l l outa nd s ubm i tt o Def enda nt s . See 1 3E998a t1 3. The m odi f i ca t i on i ncl ude dt he a ddi t i on oft he f ol l ow i ng ques t i on:d t W ha ta r et he r el i g i o usr e as onsf oryourdi e tnee ds ? Pl e as e

c l a r i f yt hes pe c i f i cl a wt s )c ol mec t e dt oy ou rbel i e forf a i t ht ha tr e qui r et s )yout oea tar e l i g i ous

di e t ? ' '
24

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a nd l i mi t e d t al mos texc l us i vel yt o ac r edi bi l i t y as s es s me nt . ' ' M ou s s az ade h,703F. 3 da t792.

t 6 pr i s on of f i c i a l sm a y notde t e r mi newhi c hr el i gi ousobs e r va nce sa r epe r mi s s i bl ebe c aus e

o r t hodox. ' 'Gr a ys onv. Sc hul e r.666F. 3 d45 0,45 355( 7t h Ci r . 201 2) .Thi spr i nc i pl eba r s
De f e nda nt s 'pol i c y ofe xc l ud i ngpr i s o ne r sf r om akos he rdi e tba s e d on cl e x gy i nt e pr e t a t i o nsof r el i gi ousdoc t r i neoron pr i s oner s 'knowl e dgeofr el i gi ousl a wsa nd doc t r i ne .l nde e d, d l c l e r g y opi ni on ha sge ne r al l y be e nd ee med i ns uf sc i e ntt o ove ni deapr i s o ne r ' ss i nc e r el yhe l dr el i gi ous

bel i e f . ' 'Ko ge r ,523F. 3dat799( hol di ngt ha tRLUI PA cove r e dapr i s oner ' sr eq ue s tf ora
ve ge t a r i an di e te ve nt ho ug ht he r ewe r e$ no di e t a r yr e s t r i c t i onsc ompel l ed by orc e nt r a lt ohi s

pr of e s s edf a i t h' ' ) ; s e eal s oJac k s onv .Mann,1 96F. 3d31 6,320( 2dCi r .1 999)( s i nc e r i t yo fa
pr i s one r ' sbe l i e f s-nott he de c i s i onofJ e wi s hr el i gi ousa ut hor i t i e s-de t er mi ne swhe t he rpr i s one r

wa sent i t l e dt okos he rme al s ) ;Ne wi n gham v. Magnes s, 36 4F.App' x.298,300( 8t h Ci r .201 0) ( r e ve r s i ngandr ema ndi ngwhe r edi s t r i c tc our ti mpr ope r l yr e l i edont hepr i s on' sl s l a mi c
c oor di na t or ' so pi ni on t ha tapr a ye rr ug wasa c onve ni e nc e' 'r a t hert ha nar e l i gi ous

d l r e qui r e me nf' ) ;Gr a ys on,66 6F. 3da t45 0( pr i s oncoul dnotf or cepr i s one rt oc uthi shai rbas e d ont hepr e mi s et ha tonl yt hos ewhos ef a i t hl of f i ci a l l y'r e qui r el s )t hewe a r i ngofdr e a dl oc ks ( ma yjwea rt he m' ' ) ; Be nni ng v .Geor gi a,39lF. 3d 1 299,1 313(1 1 t h Ci r . 2004)( f i ndi ngt ha t
RLUI PA' Sde f i ni t i o n ofr e l i gi ouse xe r ci s e' mi t i g a t esa ny da nge r st ha te nt a ngl e me ntma yr es ul t

f r om a dmi ni s t r a t i ver ev i e w ofgoodf ai t hr el i gi ousbel i ef' ' ) .Def e nda nt s 'or t hodoxyt es t i ng
s t r a ys t oo f a rS i nt ot he r e al m ofr e l i gi o usi nqui r y, ' 'whe r e gove r nm entof f i c i al sS t a r ef or bi dde nt o t r e a d. ' ' M ou s s a zade h,703 F. 3d a t792. Ot he rc or r e c t i ona li ns t i t ut i o nsef f ec t i ve l y ope r a t e kos he rdi etpr ogr a m sw i t houtt he r i go r ousi nqui r yt ha tD ef e nda nt sr e qui r e . The Fe de r alBur e a u ofPr i s ons s i nce r i t yt e s tc ons i s t s of 25

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 26 of 34

as i ngl e br i efi nt e r v i e w wi t h a cha pl ai n. Se eU . S.Ex.1 4. The N e w Yor kc or r e c t i onals y s t e m

pr ovi desakos he rdi e tt oa l 1pr i s o ner swho s e l f i de nt i f ywi t h aqua l i f yi ng r e l i gi on.Se eU. S.Ex.
23. Ei g htofe l e ven s t a t ec or r e c t i onals ys t e m ss ur v e ye d by Def e nda nt sr e por t ed t ha tt he y us e d no

s i nc e r i t yt es t i ng a ta1 lbec a us es uc ht e s t i ng ma y vi ol a t eRLUI PA U. S. Ex.24. Thee xpe r i e nc eof t hes ei ns t i t ut i onsf ur t he rde mons t r a t e st ha tDe f e nda nt s 'f oc uson r e l i gi ousor t hodoxy i sno tt he
l ea s tr e s t r i c t i ve m e a nsoff ur t her i ng a c om pe l l i ng i nt e r e s t . Ze r o Tol e r a nce Re mo va lPr ovi s i on

TheRDP' Sze r ot ol e r a ncer e movalpr ovi s i on f ai l sRLUI PA ' Ss t r i c ts cr ut i ny r e qui r e me nt

f ors i mi l a rr e as ons . Pr i s one r sw ho co ns um e a ny i t em t ha tD e f e ndan t s do no tl i s task l kos he r ' ' ar e

r e moved f or30da ysf ora t i r s tof f e ns e,1 20 da ysf ora s e cond of f e ns e ,a nd 1yea rf ora l l
s ubs e que ntof f ens e s .U. S.Ex. 32 a t6. A pr i s one rha s no oppor t uni t yt oe xpl a i n how t he i no nkos he r ' 's e l e c t i on f i t s wi t hi n hi so rhe rr e l i g i ous be l i e f spr i ort or e m ova lf r o m t he Pr o gr am . Thi s

pr ov i s i on i si nco mpa t i bl ewi t ht hepr i nc i pl et hat ,und e rRLUI PA,a i t f e wl a ps e si n pe r f ec t 3d a d h e r e n c ed on o t n e g a t e( ap r i s on e r ' s )o v e r a r c h i n gdi s pl a yo fs i n c e r i t y . ' 'M oussazadeh,703 F.

a t79 2( hol di ngt ha taJ e wi s hpr i s one rwhor e pe a t e dl ypur c has e dnonkos he ri t e msf r om t he
comm i s s a r y none t he l es sS es t a bl i s he d hi ss i nc e r i t yasam a t t e rofl a w' ' by r e ques t i ng akos he rdi et

a ndpur s ui ngl i t i ga t i on) .1 : As i nc e r er e l i gi ousbel i eve rdoes n' tf or f ei thi sr el i gi ousr i ght sme r el y
be c a us ehe i snots cr upul ousi n hi sobs e r v an ce;f orwhe r e woul dr el i gi o n bewi t houti t s ba c ks l i der s , pe ni t e nt s ,a nd pr odi ga ls o ns ?' 'Gr a ys on,666 F. 3d a t45 4.
The onl yc om pe l l i ng i nt e r e s tci t e db yDe f e nda nt si ns uppor toft he z er ot ol er a nc er ul ei s t c os tc ont ai nm ent . ' ' Opp. a t24. Def e nda nt sha ve pr e s e nt e d no e vi denc e, howe ver ,ofhow m uc h

mone yt heze r ot ol e r a nc er u l ewoul ds a ve. J u ne4 Tr . a t1 44.N o rha veDe f enda nt si den t i f i e d
26

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an y ot he ri ns t i t ut i o nt ha ti m pos esa s i mi l arr e s t r i c t i on. W i t houts uch e vi de nc e,Def e nda nt s ca nnotde m ons t r a t et ha tt he ze r ot ol er a nc er ul ei st he l ea s tr e s t r i c t i ve m ea ns off ur t he r i ng a

co m pe l l i ng i nt e r es t .t i pol i ci e sgr o unde don me r es pec ul a t i on,e xagge r a t e df ea r s ,orpos t hoc

r a t i o n a l i z a t i o n swi l l n o t s u f f i c et ome e t( RLUI P A' S )r e q u i r e me n t s . ' 'Ri c h , 71 6F. 3 da t5 3 3

( c i t i ngfaws on,85F. 3da t509) .Thus , t heze r ot ol e r a nc er ul evi ol a t e sRLUI PA.
The Te n Pe r c e ntRul e

TheRDP r e mo vespr i s one r swho e a tl es st ha n 90pe r c e ntofa va i l a bl emea l se ven i fe ve r y

m ea lt he y co ns um e i skos he r . Se eU . S.Ex. 32 a t6. D e f e nda nt sas s e r t t ha tt hi spr ovi s i on i s

ne c es s a r yt oa voi dt hewas t ec r e at e dbyt s t l t r owg i ngla wa y' ' unus e d me a l s .Opp. a t23.Li ket he
z e r ot ol e r a nc er ul e ,howe ve r ,De f e nda nt spr es en tno e vi de nc eoft hem a gni t udeoft he c os t s
i nc ur r ed by s uc hwa s t e ort he s a vi ngsa t t r i but abl et ot he t e n pe r c e ntr ul e. 9 Ra t he r ,Def e nda nt s '

r a t i o na l ef ort hi spr ovi s i on i si me r es pe cul a t i on, ' ' whi c h RI , UI PA pr os cr i bes .Even i ft her ewe r e s om ee vi denc eofcos ts a vi ngs ,Def enda n t sha venotde mo ns t r a t e dt ha tt hi sr ul ei st he l e as t r es t r i c t i vem e a nst o avoi dl was t e. ' 'Opp.a t23.De f e ndant sc a ns i m pl yt r a ck a ve r a ge

pa r t i c i p a t i o ni nt h eRDPa nda d j u s t t h e i rk o s h e rf o o do r d e ra c c o r d i n g l yt oa vo i dwa s t i n ge x c e s s

me a l s .BOP ha sm a nag ed i t skos he rdi e tope r at i on us i ng t hi sa l t e nz a t i vef ort wo dec a des .J une5

Tr .a t1 27( i d Q.S0,how di dyoua voi dwas t e...f r om pr i s one r sno ts howi ngupt oe a tme al s ? A.
Bas i c a l l ybas ed on hi s t or y.W ekn ew ove rape r i od oft i me r oug hl yhow m a ny guyswe r egoi ngt o s how up f orb r ea kf a s t ,l unc h,a nd di nne ri nt hos es pec i alpr ogr a ms .And wewoul d br e a k ou t

ac c or di ngl y. ' ' ) .The r ei sno e vi de ncet hatDe f e nda nt shavec ons i der e dt hi sl es sr e s t r i c t i ve

g se eJ une4Tr . a t1 23( t t f ' heCo ur t :Andho w wast het e npe r c e ntnumbers el e ct e d ...? A:Tobehone s t ,l ' m notqui t es t l r ehow t ha tt e npe r ce n tc amei nt oef f ec t . ' ' l ;J une4Tr .a t5 0( i 1 I he s i t a t et os a yi t ' sa r bi t r a r y,butldon' tt hi r l ki t ' sba s e dona nya na l yt i ca lf or mul a. ' ' l .

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 28 of 34

al t e ma t i ve.See ,e . g. ,Was hi ngt on, 497F. 3da t284;War s ol di e r ,418F. 3da t999( t S CDC c a nnot
me e ti t sbur de nt o pr ove l e as tr es t r i c t i vem e a nsunl es si tde mons t r at est ha ti thasac t ua l l y

c o n s i d e r e da n dr e j e c t e dt h ee f f i c a c yo fl e s sr e s t r i c t i v eme a s u r e sb e f o r ea d o p t i n gt h ec h a l l e n g e d

p r a c t i c e . ' ) ; Mu r ph yv . Mo . De p' to fco r r . , 3 7 2F. 3 d9 7 9 , 9 8 9( 8 t hCi r . 2 0 0 4 )( i $ I ti sno t c l e a rt h a t

M DOC s e r i ous l yc ons i de r eda nyot he ral t e r nat i v es . ' ).Fort hes er e as ons ,t heTe n Pe r ce ntRul e
vi ol a t e sRI, UI PA .

l ns u m ,t heUni t e d St a t e si sl i ke l yt o pr e vai lo nt hemer i t sofi t scl ai mt ha tDef e nda nt s' pr i o rbl a nke td eni alofakos he rdi etvi ol a t e sRT . UI PA,asdo ea c h oft he f ourc hal l e nge d pr ovi s i onsofDe f e nda nt s'ne w di e t a r ypol i ci e s .
B.

A Pr e l i mi na r yI n j unc t i o ni sNe c e s s a r yToAv o i dI r r e pa r a bl eHa r m

I n j u nc t i v er e l i e fi sn e c e s s a r yt op r e v e n t i r r e p a r a b l eh a nn t oh u n d r e d so f Fl o r i d ap r i s o n e r s
who bel i e vet ha tke e pi ngkos he ri san i mpor t a ntpa r toft hei rr e l i gi ousbel i e f s .Ass e tf or t h a bove ,s e ve r ala s pe c t sofDe f enda nt s'RDP wi l lc ont i nuet o bur de n pr i s one r s 'r el i gi ousexe r c i s e i n vi ol a t i on ofRLUI PA. The s eunl a wf ulr e s t r i c t i o nson r el i gi o use xer c i s ec ons t i t ut ei r r e pa r a bl e

i n j u r y.S e e , e . g. ,Opu l e n t L# Ch u r c hv .Ci t yo fHol l yS pr i n g s , Mi s s . , 6 97F. 3 d2 7 9 , 2 95( 5 t hCi r .

201 2)( f i ndi ngi r r e pa r a bl eha r m whe nRLUI PA i svi ol a t e d) ;War s ol di e r ,41 8F. 3da t1 001 02

( r a i s i ngac o l o r a b l ec l a i mo fa nRLUI PA v i o l a t i o ni t e s t a bl i s h e dt h a t( p r i s o n e r qwi l l s u f f e ra n

i r r e p a r a b l ei n j u r ya b s e n ta ni n j u n c t i o n ' ) ; Be e r he i d e , 2 8 6F. 3 da t1 1 9 2( f a i l u r et op r o v i d ek o s h e r
di etbur de nsf r e eexe r ci s eofr e l i gi oni nvi ol a t i onoft heFi r s tAme ndme nt ) .I nde ed,i ti s
we l l e s t a bl i s he dt ha tS t hel os sofFi r s tAmend me ntf r e e dom s ,f o reve nm i ni ma lper i odsoft i me ,

u n q u e s t i o na b l yc o n s t i t u t e si nr p a r a b l ei n j u r y . ' 'El r o dv . Bu r n s , 4 2 7U. S. 3 4 7 , 3 7 3( 1 9 7 6 ) .

28

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 29 of 34

M or eo ve r ,t he e n t i r e RDP i st e nuous ,a s De f e nda nt spr e vi ous l yt e nui na t e d a kos he rdi e t

pr og r a ma gai ns tt he a dvi c e oft he i rown s t udy gr ou pa nd co nt i nuet oa r guet ha tt he y may l a wf ul l y

d e n yak o s he rd i e tt oa l l p r i s o n e r sa ta n yt i me .Ac c o r d i ng l y, j u d i c i a li n t e r ve n t i o ni sn e c e s s a r yt o
e ns ur et ha tDef e nda nt sdo note l i mi na t et he i rRD P i n vi ol a t i on ofRLUI PA i nt he f ut ur e.
T helrreparabl e H arm t o Pri soners O ut wei ghsA ny H arm t o Def endant s

Thel ac k ofpot e nt i alha nn t o Def enda nt sf ur t he rde mons t r at est ha tapr e l i mi na r y

i n j u n c t i o ni swa r r a n t e d.Al t h o ug hDe f e n d a n t sc o n t i n u et oa s s e r t t h a tt h e yh a v en ol e g a l

obl i ga t i on t o pr ovi deakos he rdi e t , t he yha vec onc ede dt ha tpr ovi di ng s uc h adi e ti sc ons i s t e nt

wi t ht hei ri nt e r e s t s .Se eJ une4 Tr .a t5 2( i t Q; Mr . Upc hur c h, i t ' sf ai rt os a yt ha tt heDe par t me nt

ofCo r r e c t i onshasnow de t e r mi ne dt ha ti tc a n pr ovi deas t a t e wi deko s he rdi e tpl a nc o ns i s t e nt

wi t hi t si n t e r e s t s , c o r r e c t ? A; Ye s . ' ' ) .An i n j u n c t i o nr e q u i r i n gDe f e n d a nt st op r o vi d ead i e t wi l l

me r el ye ns ur et ha tDef e nda nt sdo nota ga i nr e ve r s ec our s ea nd de nyakos he rdi ett oa1 lFl or i da
pr i s one r s .

Mo r e o v e r , e n j o i n i n gt h ef o u rc h a l l e n g e dp r ov i s i o n so fDe f e nd a n t s ' n e w RDP wi l l n o t h a nnDe f e nd a n t si na n yme a n i ng f u lwa y.l n d e e d, e n j o i ni n gt h e s ep r o v i s i o n sma yl e s s e nt h e

a dm i ni s t r a t i vebur de no n FDOC s t af f ,a st hec ha l l enge d pr ovi s i onsi mpos eobl i ga t i onst ot es t , t r a c k,a nd moni t ort he r e l i gi ousexe r ci s eofpr i s o ne r swho des i r eakos he rdi e t .SeeJ une 5Tr .a t

11 2( $ TheCou r t :Butr i ghtnow,( t hes i nce r i t yt e s t i ngandmoni t o r i ngpr oc es s )i ss t a f f i nt ens i ve onbot hends , t hea dmi s s i ona ndt hemoni t o r i ng.TheW i t nes s: Asi ta ppe a r si nwr i t i ng. ' ).
Fu r t he r ,t he c ha l l e ngedpr ov i s i onsa r enotne ces s ar yt oe f f e c t i vel yo pe r a t eakos herdi e tpr ogr a m.
Wi t houtt he m, D ef e nda nt s 'RD P w oul df unc t i on s i mi l a r l yt o ot herkos he rdi etpr ogr a ms , s uc h as t he o ne o pe r a t e d by t he Fe de r alBur e au o fPr i s ons .

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 30 of 34

Fi n a l l y, e n j o i n i ngt h ec ha l l e ng e dp r o v i s i o n so ft h eRDP wi l l s a v eDe f e nd a n t sf r o m

e xpe ndi ngr e s o ur c e st ot r ai ns t af fa nd o t he r wi s ei m pl eme ntapol i c yt ha ti sl i ke l yt obe

i n v a l i da t e d.Se eGi o v an i Car a n d o l a, Lt d. v . Ba s o n , 3 0 3F. 3 d5 0 7 , 5 21( 4 t hCi r . 2 0 0 2 )( e n j o i ni n g

i mpl eme nt a t i on ofapol i cyt ha ti sl i kel yt o bef ound av ' i ol a t i on ofl a w doe sno tha r m

de f e n d a n t s ) .Fo rt h e s er e a s o n s , a v o i d i n gt hei r r e p a r a b l eha r mt oFl o r i d ap r i s o n e r so u t we i g h sa n y h a nnt oDe f e n d a n t sf r o ma ni n j u n c t i o n. D. Anl n j u nc t i o nI si nt hePubl i cI nt e r e s t

Ani n j u nc t i o nt h a tv i n d i c a t e sr e l i g i o u sf r e e do msp r o t e c t e db yf e d e r a l 1 a wi si nt hep u bl i c

i n t e r es t .Uni t e dSt at e sv . Al abama,691F. 3d 1 269,13 01( 11 t h Ci r . 201 2)( i Tr us t r a t i onoff e de r a l s t a t ut e sandpr e r oga t i vesa r eno ti nt hepubl i ci nt e r es f).Pr ot ec t i o n ofr e l i gi ouse xe r c i s ei sa
c he r i s hed i de al ,a nd RLUI PA pas s e d bot h hous esofCongr e s su na ni m ous l ya s s t he l a t e s tof l o ngr u nni ngcong r es s i ona lef f or t st oa c cor dr el i gi ousexe r ci s ehe i g ht e nedpr o t e c t i o nf r om
g ove r nm e nt i m pos e d bur de ns . ' ' Cu t t e r ,544 U . S. a t71 3. By i t st e r ms ,RLU I PA i sbr oadl y

c o n s t r u e di nf a v o ro fr e l i g i o u sl i b e r t yt s t ot hema xi mu me x t e n t p e r mi t t e db yE t hes t a t u t e la n dt h e Co n s t i t u t i on , ' ' ' ' 4 2U. S . C. j2 0 0 0 c c 3 g , t oe n s u r et h a t s l s l i nc e r ef a i t ha n dwo r s h i pc a nb ea n

i ndi s pe ns a bl epa l ' tofr e ha bi l i t a t i on. ' '1 46Cong. Rec .56678 02, a t5668889( da i l ye d. J ul y1 3,

20 00) .Then umbe randdi ve r s i t yofor ga ni z a t i onst ha tha ver e c e nt l yur ge dDe f e ndan t st opr ovi de
akos he rdi e tf ur t he rde mons t r a t e st he s t r ong publ i ci nt e r es ta ts t a kei nt hi sl i t i ga t i on.Se eU. S.

Ex. 2528( n mi c usbr i ef sf i l e di nRi chv .Se c r et ar yb y, a mongot her s , t heAl e phI ns t i t ut e ,
l n t e r na t i onalM i s s i on Boa r d oft he Sout he r n Ba pt i s tCo nve nt i on,l n t e r na t i onalSoc i e t yf or Kr i s hna Cons c i ous ne s s , Hi nd uAm e r i c an Found a t i o n, Na t i ona lJ e wi s h Com m i s s i on on La wa nd

30

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 31 of 34

Pub l i cA f f a i r s ,A m e r i c a n Ci vi lLi be r t i e s Uni on,Ra bbi ni c alA l l i a nc e ofAm e r i c a ,and t he

Ame r i c a nJ e wi s hCommi t t e e ) .
CONCLUSI ON

De ' f e nda nt s 'l ongs t a ndi ngef f or t st oa voi dpr ovi di ng a kos he rdi e tdemons t r a t et ha t

i n j u n c t i v er e l i e fi sn e c e s s a r yt oe n s u r et h er e l i g i o u se x e r c i s eo fFl o r i d apr i s o n e r s .De f e n d a nt s

di s c o nt i nuedt he i rpr i orkos he rdi etpr og r am a gai ns tt hea dvi ceoft he i rown s t udy gr ou pi n 2007
and r e f us e dt o of f e ra s t a t ewi dekos he rdi etpr ogr a m f ort hene xts i x ye a r s . Ei ghtm o nt hsa f t e r t heUni t e d St a t esf i l e ds ui ti n 201 2,De f e ndant ss wi t c he dc ou r s ea nd a s kedt he Cour tt o de c l a r e t hi sl i t i g at i on m oot .M e a nwhi l e ,De f e ndant sc ont i nuet oa r g uet ha tt he ym a yl awf ul l y de ny a kos he rdi e tt oa 1 1Fl or i d apr i s one r sa nd r e f us et oc o mmi tt o pr ovi di ngakos he rdi eti nt hef ut ur e .

Ac c o r d i ng l y , a ni n j u nc t i o ni sne c e s s a r yt og u a r a n t e et her i g h t sp r o t e c t e db yRLUI P A.

Ac c or di ngl y,i ti she r e by
ORD ERED t hat :

Th eUn i t e dS t a t e s ' Mo t i o nf o raPr e l i mi na r yI n j u n c t i o ng DE2 9 1a g a i n s tt h e

Def e nda n t si sG RAN TED asf ol l ow s :

( a )

De f e n d a n t sa r ep r e l i mi na r i l ye n j o i n e da n do r d e r e dt opr o v i d eac e r t i f i e d

kos herdi e tt oa l 1pr i s one r swi t has i nc e r er el i gi ousbas i sf orke e pi ng kos he rno l a t e rt han Jul y 1,
201 4;

( b )

De f e n d a n t sa r ep r e l i mi n a r i l ye n j o i n e df r o mi mp l e me nt i n go r

r epr omu l ga t i ngPr oce dur e50 3. 00 64 5 )( 90Da yRul e)oft heRe l i gi ousDi e tPr ogr a m, U. S.Ex. 3,
ef f ec t i vei mm e di a t el y;a nd

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 32 of 34

De f e n d a n t sa r ep r e l i mi na r i l ye n j o i n e df r o mi mpl e me n t i n gt h ef o l l o wi n g
pr ovi s i o nsoft heRe l i gi ousDi e tPr ogr a m, U. S.Ex. 32, e f f e c t i vei m me di a t e l y:

( i )

Pr o c e d u r e5 0 3 . 0 0 6 ( 4 ) ( b ) ( e )( Or t h o d o xSi n c e r i t yTe s t i n g ) ,

i nc l udi ngas ki ngt hef ol l owi ng que s t i o n ont heAs s es s men tShe e tf ort he Cer t i f i e d Food Opt i on:

% W ha ta r et her e l i gi ousr e as onsf oryo urdi e tnee ds ?Pl ea s ec l a r i f yt hes pe ci f i cl a wt s )c or me c t e d t oyourbe l i e forf a i t ht ha tr e qui r et s )yout oe atar el i g i ousdi e t ? ' ' ; ( i i ) Pr oc e dur e503. 006( 7) ( c)( 1 0Per c e ntRul e ) ;a nd

( i i i ) Pr oc e dur e503. 006( 7 ) ( e ) ( 2) ( 3)( Ze r oTol e r a nceRul e ) .

Pur s ua ntt ot hepar t i es 'ag r ee me nta nd t heor a lm ot i on f o rext e ns i on ofpr e t r i a lde a dl i ne s ma de a tt heNove mbe r22, 201 3 hea r i ng, t het r i a li nt hi sma t t e ri sr e s e tf ort het wowe e kt r i al pe r i od beg i nni ng Augus t25,201 4, t hepr e t r i alc onf er e nc ei sr e s e tf orAugus t4, 201 4 at9: 30 a. m. ,a nd t he f ol l owi ngdea dl i ne ss ha l la ppl y:

Fe br ua r y28,201 4
J ul y 21, 201 4

De f e nda n t ss hal ls ubmi tapl a nf orphas i ngi nt heRDP( as modi f i e dhe r e i n)i nal lf a ci l i t i e sbyJ ul y 1, 201 4
Pr e t r i als t i pul a t i onduea nd m o t i onsi nl i mi neand r e s pons e sdue

St a t usConf e r enc ess ha l lbehe l don t hef ol l owi ng da t esa t9: 3 0 a. m. :

J a nua r y 7,201 4 Fe br ua r y 4,201 4 Ma r c h 21 ,201 4 A pr i l22,201 4
M ay 12,2014

J une 24,201 4

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 33 of 34

Any pa r t yt ha twi s hest o appe a ra tas t a t usc onf e r e nceby vi de o conf e r e nc em a ydo s o by s ubm i t t i ng ac om pl e t e d Vi de o Conf e r e nc e Sc he dul i ngFor m,a t t ac he d asExhi bi tA,a tl e as t5 bus i ne s sda vsbe f or et hes c he dul e ds t a t usco nf e r e nc e.
4.

De f e nda nt ss ha l la r r a ngef orPl a i nt i f ft oi ns pe c tt hr eef a c i l i t i esdur i ngt hewee k of

De c e m be r1 6,201 4a nd t oi ns pe c tt wo mor ef a c i l i t i e sb yt hee ndofJ anua r y 201 4.

DONEa n dORDER ED i nMi a mi , F l o r i d a , t h i s YPd a yo f De c e mb e r , 2 0 1 3 .

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e

PA TRI CI A A .S 1 TZ UN I TED STA TES DI STRI CT J U D GE

c c:

Al 1Couns e lofRe c or d

Case 1:12-cv-22958-PAS Document 106 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2013 Page 34 of 34

Vi deo C onf erence Sche dul i ne Form

( ForEx t e r na lOf f si t eVi de o Co nf e r e nc eFa c i l i t i e s )

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