Acid Bases Practice 1. A 5.

00 gram sample of a dry mixture of potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, and potassium chloride is reacted with 0.100 liter of 2.00 molar HCl solution

a! A 2"# milliliter sample of dry C$ 2 gas, measured at 22%C and &"0 torr, is obtained from this reaction. 'hat is the percentage of potassium carbonate in the mixture( b! )he excess HCl is found by titration to be chemically e*ui+alent to ,-.- milliliters of 1.50 molar .a$H. Calculate the percentages of potassium hydroxide and of potassium chloride in the original mixture. Answer/ a! 02C$1 2 2 HCl 3 C$2 2 2 0Cl 2 H2$ (740 torr)(249 mL) PV mol C$2 4 4 4 0.0100 mol C$2 mL g torr RT (62400 molgK )(295 K) 1 mol K 2CO 3 138.2 g K 2CO 3 0.10 mol C$2 4 1.1, g 02C$1 1 mol CO 2 1 mol K 2CO 3 1.38 g K 2CO 3 1005 4 2&.-5 02C$1 5.00 g mixture b! orig. mol HCl 4 0.100 6 2.007 4 0.200 mol reacted with 02C$1 4 0.020 mol excess HCl 4 0.0,--6 1.507 4 0.110 mol mol HCl that reacted w80$H 4 0.050 mol 0.050 mol 0$H 4 2.,1 g 4 5-.15 of sample the remaining 0Cl amounts to 1-.15
2. A sample of "0.0 milliliters of a 0.100 molar HC 2H1$2 solution is titrated with a 0.150 molar .a$H solution. 0a for acetic acid 4 1.,1095

a! 'hat +olume of .a$H is used in the titration in order to reach the e*ui+alence point( b! 'hat is the molar concentration of C2H1$29 at the e*ui+alence point( c! 'hat is the pH of the solution at the e*ui+alence point( Answer/ a! 7a:a47b:b 0.1007! "0.0 m6! 4 0.1507! :b! :b 4 2-.& m6 b! acetate ion is a wea; base with K w 1.0 10 14 = 0b 4 4 5.-10910 K a 1.8 10 5 4.00 mmol <CH1C$$=>o 4 4 0.0-00 7 (40.0 mL + 26.7 mL) <CH1C$$9>e* 4 0.-007 9? <$H9> 4 <CH1C$$H> 4 ?

X2 5.-10 4 @ ? 4 #.--10=5 M (0.0600 X ) 0.0-00M 9 #.--1095 M 4 0.05##M <CH1C$$9>e*

=10

Kw 1.0 10 14 = 5 c! <H2> 4 [OH ] 9.66 10 4 1.0"10=10 M pH 4 9log <H2> 4 9log 1.0"A10910! 4 #.#,
1. )he +alue of the ioniBation constant, 0a, for hypochlorous acid, H$Cl, is 1.1A109,.

a! Calculate the hydronium ion concentration of a 0.050 molar solution of H$Cl. b! Calculate the concentration of hydronium ion in a solution prepared by mixing e*ual +olumes of 0.050 molar H$Cl and 0.020 molar sodium hypochlorite, .a$Cl. c! A solution is prepared by the disproportionation reaction below. Cl2 2 H2$ 3 HCl 2 H$Cl Calculate the pH of the solution if enough chlorine is added to water to ma;e the concentration of H$Cl e*ual to 0.00"0 molar. Answer/ a! H$Cl 2 H2$ C H1$2 2 $Cl9 [H 3O + ][OCl- ] X2 = 1.210=, 4 [HOCl] (0.050 X ) ? 4 <H1$2> 4 ".010957 b! H$Cl 2 H2$ C H1$2 2 $Cl9 [H 3O + ](0.010 + X ) 4 1.210=, @ ? DD 0.010 (0.0250 X ) ? 4 <H1$2> 4 ,.010=,M c! Cl2 2 H2$ 3 HCl 2 H$Cl <H$Cl> 4 <HCl> 4 0.00"0M HCl as principal source of H1$2 pH 4 9log<H1$2> 4 2."0
". Eredict whether solutions of each of the following salts are acidic, basic, or neutral. Fxplain your prediction in each case a! Al .$1!1 b! 02C$1 c! .aGr

Answer/ a! acidic@ Al12 2 H2$ C Al$H22 2 H2@ hydrolysis of Al12@ Al $H2!n12 as GrHnsted acid, etc. b! basic@ C$129 2 H2$ C HC$19 2 $H9 @ or hydrolysis of C$129 as conIugate to a wea; acid, etc. c! neutral@ .a2 from strong base@ Gr9 from strong acid

5. A solution of hydrochloric acid has a density of 1.15 grams per milliliter and is 10.05 by weight HCl.

a! 'hat is the molarity of this solution of HCl( b! 'hat +olume of this solution should be ta;en in order to prepare 5.0 liters of 0.20 molar hydrochloric acid by dilution with water( c! Jn order to obtain a precise concentration, the 0.20 molar hydrochloric acid is standardiBed against pure Hg$ molecular weight 4 21-.5#! by titrating the $H9 produced according to the following *uantitati+e reaction. Hg$(s) 2 " J9 2 H2$ 3 HgJ"29 2 2 $H9 Jn a typical experiment 0.&1"& grams of Hg$ re*uired 11.-& milliliters of the hydrochloric acid solution for titration. Gased on these data what is the molarity of the HCl solution expressed to four significant figures. Answer/ 1.15 g 1000 mL 30.0 g HCl 1 mol a! 4 #."5 M 1 mL 1L 100 g 36.6 g b! 7f:f 4 7i:i 0.207! 5.06! 4 #.57! :! : 4 0.11 6 0.7147 g c! 4 0.001100 mol Hg$ 216.59 g mol mol $H9 prod. 4 2 mol Hg$! 4 0.00--00 mol mol HCl re*. 4 mol $H9 prod. 4 0.00--00 mol 0.006600 mol molarity HCl 4 4 0.20," M 0.03167 L