AS 24671981

Australian Standard
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Maintenance of electrical switchgear

The following scientific, industrial and governmental organizations and departments were officially represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this standard: Australian-British Trade Association Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Confederation of Australian Industry Department of Defence Department of Productivity, ACT Electricity Supply Association of Australia Institution of Engineers, Australia Railways of Australia Committee Testing Authorities

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This standard prepared by Committees EL/6, Industrial Switchgear and Controlgear and EL/7, Power Switchgear was approved on behalf of the Council of the Standards Association of Australia on 7 April 1981 and was published on 1 July 1981.

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new edit ions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest editi on, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Australi an Standards and related publi cati ons wil l be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publi cati ons; this informati on is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australi an Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publi cati ons, new edit ions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggesti ons for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head offi ce of Standards Australi a, are welcomed. Notif ication of any inaccuracy or ambiguit y found in an Australi an Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 80018.

AS 24671981

Australian Standard
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Maintenance of electrical switchgear

First publi shed (as AS CC9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1965 AS 2467 fi rst published . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1981

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 2266 6

AS 24671981

PREFACE
This standard was prepared as a joint project by the Associations Committee on Industrial Switchgear and Controlgear, and Power Switchgear. It supersedes AS CC9 1965 which was BS CP1008:1958 endorsed as an Australian standard. BS CP1008 was subsequently superseded by BS 5405:1976, Code of Practice for the Maintenance of Electrical Switchgear for Voltages up to and including 145 kV, and acknowledgement is made of the assistance received from that document in the preparation of this standard. This standard gives basic recommendations for the safety of personnel in proximity to or engaged in maintenance of electrical switchgear and includes detailed recommendations for particular types of switchgear. This standard sets out a standard of good practice and generally takes the form of recommendations. Compliance with it does not confer immunity from relevant statutory and legal requirements (see Clause 1.3). This standard may require reference to the following documents: AS 1076 Code of Practice for Selection, Installation and Maintenance of Electrical Apparatus and Associated Equipment for Use in Explosive Atmospheres (other than Mining Applications) Part 1 Basic Requirements AS 1255 Methods of Test for Electrical Characteristics of Solid Plastics Insulating Materials Part 4 Method 4 Determination of the Permittivity and Dielectric Dissipation Factor at Power, Audio and Radio Frequencies up to 300 MHz AS 1265 Bushings for Alternating Voltages above 1000 V AS 1270 AS 1319 AS 1883 AS 1930 Hearing Protection Devices Rules for the Design and Use of Safety Signs for the Occupational Environment Guide to Maintenance and Supervision of Insulating Oils in Service Circuit-breakers for Distribution Circuits (up to and including 1000 V a.c. and 1200 V d.c.) High-voltage Alternating Current Circuitbreakers Switchgear Assemblies and Ancillary Equipment for a.c. Voltages above 1 kV Moulded-case Circuit-breakers (up to and including 600 V a.c. and 250 V d.c.) (interrupting Rating 10 kA and more) Rubber Gloves for Electrical Purposes Maintenance and Overhaul of Electrical Equipment for Coal Mines Part 1 Maintenance of Electrical Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres Part 2 Overhaul of Electrical Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres Terminals for Switchgear Assemblies for Alternation Voltages above 1 kV Approval and Test Specification for Electric Inspection Handlamps Approval and Test Specification for Handheld Portable Electric Tools Guide to the Checking of Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6) taken from Electrical Equipment

AS 2006 AS 2067 AS 2184

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AS 2225 AS 2290

AS 2395 AS 3118 AS 3160 IEC 480

Attention is also drawn to the list of relevant standards given in Appendix F.

Copyri ght STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyri ght subsists in all Standards Australi a publications and soft ware. Except where the Copyri ght Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australi a may be reproduced, stored in a retri eval system in any form or tr ansmit ted by any means without pri or permission in wri ti ng fr om Standards Australi a. Permission may be condit ional on an appropri ate royalt y payment. Requests for permission and informati on on commercial soft ware royalti es should be dir ected to the head off ice of Standards Australi a. Standards Australi a wil l permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia. Standards Australi a wil l also permit the inclusion of its copyright materi al in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the curr ent edit ion of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied. The use of material in pri nt form or in computer soft ware programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be vari ed by Standards Austr alia at any ti me.

AS 24671981

CONTENTS
SECTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 SECTION 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Statutory and Legal Requirements . . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. SAFETY OF PERSONNEL General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Safety Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .... .. .. .. .. .... . . . . . . Page ...5 ...5 ...5 ...5 ... 5 ... 6 7 7 7 7 7 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 Page Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Maintenance of Auxiliary Equipment . . . 19 High Voltage Fuse Connection and Associated Linkage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 19 . 20 . . . . 20 20 21 21

..... . .. .. ..... ..... .. ...

SECTION 7. MAINTENANCE OF OIL SWITCHGEAR 7.1 Application of Section . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 S peci al P recauti ons for Oil Switchgear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 Summary of Maintenance Operations . .

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SECTION 3. SAFETY PROVISIONS FOR MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS 3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2 Avoidance of Moisture and Dust . . . . . . . 8 3.3 Containment of Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4 Fire Extinguishing Equipment . . . . . . . . . 8 3.5 Emergency Exits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.6 Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.7 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.8 Earthing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.9 Earth Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.10 Insulating Mats, Stands, Screens and other Similar Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.11 Verification that Conductors are not Alive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.12 Protection against Induction . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.13 Detection of Hazardous Gases . . . . . . . . . 9 3.14 Danger from Stored Energy . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.15 Portable Electric Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.16 Instructions, Notices and Labels . . . . . . . 9 SECTION 4. F R E Q U E N C Y O F M A I N T E N A N C E OPERATIONS 4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2 Planning the Frequency of Maintenance Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.3 Insulating Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.4 Recommended Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 SECTION 5. MAINTENANCE OF SWITCHGEAR INTENDED TO OPERATE AT VOLTAGES UP TO 1000 V A. C. AND 1200 V D.C. 5.1 Pre-maintenance Requirements and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.2 Frequency of Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.3 Diagnostic Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.4 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.5 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.6 Maintenance of Auxiliary Equipment . . . 14 5.7 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 14 SECTION 6. M A I N T E N A N C E O F A I R - B R E A K SWITCHGEAR INTENDED FOR OPERATION AT VOLTAGE ABOVE 1000 V A.C . AND 1200 V D. C. 6.1 Pre-maintenance Requirements and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.2 Frequency of Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.3 Diagnostic Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.4 Operational Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.5 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

SECTION 8. MAINTENANCE OF AIR-BLAST CIRCUITBREAKER SWITCHGEAR 8.1 Application of Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.2 Pre-maintenance Requirements and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.3 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.4 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.5 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 25 SECTION 9. MAINTENANCE OF VACUUM CIRCUITBREAKER SWITCHGEAR 9.1 Application of Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.2 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.3 Frequency of Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.4 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.5 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.6 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 26 SECTION 10. MAINTENANCE OF SULPHUR HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT-BREAKER SWITCHGEAR 10.1 Application of Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 10.2 Special Considerations Arising From the Use of Sulphur Hexafluoride . . . . . . 28 10.3 Pre-maintenance Requirements and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 10.4 Frequency of Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . 29 10.5 Routine Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10.6 Post-fault Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.7 Summary of Maintenance Operations . . . 31 SECTION 11.1 11.2 11.3 11. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnostic Tests for Correct Operation Diagnostic Tests for Contacts and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Diagnostic Tests for Insulation . . . . . .

. 33 . 33 . 33 . 33

SECTION 12. MAINTENANCE OF AUXILIARY ITEMS 12.1 Equipment for Tripping and Closing Current Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 General Precautions for Battery Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 Secondary Cell Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 Primary Cell Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 Compressed Air Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 Current Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 Voltage Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 Equipment Earthing Connections . . . . . . 12.9 Other Auxiliary Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.10 Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 56

AS 24671981

Page SECTION 13. MAINTENANCE OF PROTECTIVE APPARATUS 13.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Removal of Dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.3 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 Routine Tripping Tests . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 Protective Apparatus Incorporating Semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 Injection Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SECTION 14. MAINTENANCE AND TESTING OF INSULATION 14.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 Routine Testing and Inspection . . . . . 14.3 Electrostatically Graded (Condenser) Bushings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 Oil Barrier Bushings . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. 37 37 37 37 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8

Page Laminated Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . Porcelain Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Applied Voltages for Insulation Resistance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Frequency Withstand Tests after Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . 38 . 39 . 39

. . 37 . . 37 . . 37

. . 38 . . 38 . . 38 . . 38

APPENDICES A Example of Electrical Safety Rules . . B Maintenance Record Forms . . . . . . . C Fire Protection Equipment . . . . . . . . D Graphical Illustration of Some of the Terms and Definitions given in Clause 1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E Appropriate Acts and Regulations . . . F Relevant Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . 40 . . 50 . . 54 . . 54 . . 55 . . 57

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AS 24671981

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA Australian Standard for MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRICAL SWITCHGEAR SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE. This standard sets out recommendations and procedures for the maintenance of electrical switchgear. It is applicable to electrical switchgear having rated voltages not greater than 145 kV. At voltages above this level the design of equipment, system operations and consequently maintenance requirements and practices may differ significantly from those at voltages up to this level. However, the principles formulated in this standard as good practice, especially those regarding the safety of personnel, are for the most part applicable at the higher voltages. The standard does not apply to the maintenance of electrical switchgear
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(a) of sealed construction intended only to be returned to the manufacturer for adjustment and repair; or (b) used in explosive atmospheres and in coal mines. Reference should be made to AS 1076 and AS 2290, Parts 1 and 2 for the maintenance of electrical equipment used in explosive atmospheres and in coal mines. 1.2 RATIONALE. Electrical switchgear, by the nature of the service it renders, does not automatically call for the maintenance attendance which is necessary to ensure its effective functioning at all times. Its normally quiescent state does not generally draw attention to incipient faults or deterioration or to the danger resulting from neglect. It follows therefore that only an organized system of routine maintenance planned to include all necessary details can ensure continued safe and satisfactory operation of an electrical system with a minimum risk of breakdown and the consequent interruption of supply.
NOTE: In this standard, the words examination and inspection have a meaning strictly as defined in Clauses 1.6.4 and 1.6.6 respectively.

1.4 APPLICATION. The application of Sections 2 to 14 is as follows: (a) Section 2 sets out general provisions and rules for the safety of personnel engaged in the maintenance of switchgear, first aid and the responsibility of authorised persons. (b) Section 3 sets out general design considerations for a switchgear installation, safe practices for the use of equipment emergency exits, instruction and warning notices and provision of facilities to minimize the risk of injury, damage to equipment and fire. (c) Section 4 deals with the determination of the frequency of maintenance operations for items of switchgear, components and materials in relation to service duty and conditions of use. (d) Section 5 applies to the maintenance of switchgear, intended to be serviced, for voltages up to 1000 V a.c. and 1200 V d.c. (e) Section 6 applies to the maintenance of air-break switchgear for voltages above 1000 V a.c. and 1200 V d.c. A number of the recommendations in this Section are applicable to other types of high voltage switchgear and reference is made in subsequent Sections to appropriate clauses of Section 6. (f) Section 7 applies to the maintenance of oil-break switchgear. (g) Section 8 applies to the maintenance of air-blast switchgear and compressed air handling equipment in installations of such switchgear. (h) Section 9 applies to the maintenance of vacuum circuit-breaker switchgear. (j) Section 10 applies to the maintenance of sulphur hexafluoride SF6 switchgear and special safety measures necessary due to the properties of this gas. (k) Section 11 sets out diagnostic testing methods and procedures which are recommended to prolong the intervals between dismantling of equipment for routine maintenance. (l) Section 12 applies to the maintenance of auxiliary equipment items such as batteries, compressed air plant, transformers, earthing connections and oil handling plant. (m) Section 13 applies to the maintenance of protective apparatus, fuses and relays. (n) Section 14 deals with the testing and maintenance of electrical insulation. 1.5 STATUTORYAND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS. This standard represents a standard of good practice and generally takes the form of recommendations.

1.3 OBJECT. The object of this standard is to provide in a convenient form a record of those matters which technical knowledge and experience have shown to be important in keeping electrical switchgear, both indoor and outdoor, and its associated apparatus in an acceptable condition. It also draws attention to the precautions which should be observed in order to secure the safety of personnel while maintenance is in progress, and in this respect the following matters are covered: (a) Safety rules. (b) Safety features of equipment. (c) Measures to minimize hazards to plant and to ensure continuity of service. (d) The use of electrical testing to detect insulation weakness or the deteriorating condition of insulation.

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AS 2467-1981 Maintenance of electrical switchgear

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