Monarchy: King and Queen run the government.

Oligarchy: A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.

Republic: A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president.

Democracy: A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives

Anarchy: Absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual

Apartheid: A policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.

Communism: A political theory derived from Karl Marx that everyone is equal.

Totalitarianism: A dictatorship: a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator.

Constitution: A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed

Constitutional Monarchy: A constitutional monarchy is a form of constitutional government, where either an elected or hereditary monarch is the head of state, unlike in an absolute monarchy, wherein the king or the queen is the sole source of political power, as he or she is not legally bound by the constitution.

Head of Government: Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier.

Head of State: The chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of government.

Federal Responsibilities: To protect us. Make economic decisions. Provide public services. Maintain social order.

Municipal Responsibilities: A municipal government in Canada is a local council authority which provides local services, facilities, safety and infrastructure for communities. It provides management of the local policing and firefighting stations, Transportation, Education, Planning and development, Finance and collecting municipality taxes, Public utilities and other services.

Shared Responsibilities:

Riding: A riding is a place or geographical area that is represented in the House of Commons by a member of parliament, or in provincial and territory elections an area represented by a member of the provincial or territory legislative assembly.

Governor General: The chief representative of the Crown in a Commonwealth country of which the British monarch is head of state.

Lieutenant Governor: Lieutenant Governors in Canada represent the monarchy in the provinces. The role is mostly ceremonial, but includes key duties such as giving Royal Assent to provincial legislation.

Bicameral Parliament: The practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers.

Prime Minister: The prime minister is the head of government in Canada. The Canadian prime minister is usually the leader of the political party that wins the most seats in the House of Commons in a general election.

Premier: The head of government of each of the ten Canadian provinces is the premier. The provincial premier is usually the leader of the political party that wins the most seats in the legislative assembly in a provincial general election.

Cabinet: The Cabinet is a group of high-ranking government officials, typically representing the executive branch.

Cabinet Portfolio: The term cabinet portfolio in Canadian governments refers to the responsibilities of a cabinet minister, usually the subject matter of a government department and related agencies for which the minister is responsible, such as environment.

Shadow Cabinet: The leader of an opposition party in parliament or in a provincial legislative assembly in Canada may choose members of his caucus or party to serve as critics of specific departments, portfolios or subject areas.

Leader of The Opposition: Leader of the party that is not the government.

Backbreakers:

Speaker: The Speaker of the House of Commons is a member of parliament elected by secret ballot by all MPs to preside over the House of Commons. The Speaker of the House of Commons is required to carry out his or her duties in a non-partisan manner. The Speaker of the House of Commons debates or votes only to break a tie.

House of Commons: The House of Commons is a democratically elected body, whose members are known as Members of Parliament

Prov Legislature:

Minority Government: : If the party wins just half or fewer than half of the seats in the House of Commons or legislative assembly, then the party forms a minority government.

Majority Government: If the party wins more than half of the seats in the House of Commons or legislative assembly, then the party forms a majority government.

Coalition Government: A coalition government is a cabinet of a parliamentary government in which several parties cooperate

Conscience Vote: A vote that you do consciously. So your own decision.

Crossing the Floor: Switching political parties.

Legislation: A law.

Act of Parliament: A Canadian act of parliament is a federal bill which has been passed by the House of Commons and the Senate, received Royal Assent and been proclaimed.

Private Members Bill: A private member's bill is a bill introduced in the House of Commons by a member of parliament who is not a cabinet minister.

1st 2nd 3rd Reading:

Standing Comittees: committee is a permanent committee established by Standing Orders of the House of Commons.

Amendments: A change or addition to a legal or statutory document

Non-Confidence: A vote that is for your parties view. Not your own.

Referendum: general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision.

Senate: Seats are assigned on a regional basis, with each of the four major regions receiving 24 seats, and the remainder of the available seats being assigned to smaller regions. All chosen by the prime minister.

Supreme Court of Canada: the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeals in the Canadian justice system.

Criminal Law: The criminal law of Canada is under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the federal government

Charter of Rights and Freedoms: Fundamental Freedoms, Democratic Rights, Legal Rights, Equality Rights. Official Languages, Guarantee, General.

Civil Law:

Universal Declaration of Human Rights: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948, was the result of the experience of the Second World War. With the end of that war, and the creation of the United Nations, the international community vowed never again to allow atrocities like those of that conflict happen again.

Executive Branch: The executive branch operates, implements and enforces all the laws created by the legislative branch.

Legislative Branch: Parliament, the elected law-making branch of government, is made up of the Queen (represented by the Governor General), the House of Commons and the Senate.

Judiciary Branch: The Judicial Branch is in charge of the court system. There are three different kinds of courts found in the federal court system. The lowest level is the district courts. The 2nd level is the court of appeals. The top level is the Supreme Court.