Anth 462 Anthropology of Globalization Fall 2013 Lahore University of Management Sciences

http://killercoke.org/img/content/boycottcocacola.jpg

Anth 462: Globalization Fall 2013 Ali Khan: Office: 222- New Social Sciences Wing Office Hours: 10 a.m.- 12 p.m. Monday-Thursday Email: akhan@lums.edu.pk Pre-Requisites: Intro to Anthropology or Intro to Sociology I. COURSE DESCRIPTION:

Globalization has been defined as the ways in which, as people become more connected across large distances, they create a new world society in which they do more similar things, affect each others lives more deeply, follow more of the same norms, and grow more aware of what they share. (Frank J. Lechner, Globalization: The Making of World Society, (pp xiii), Wiley Blackwell, 2009) At the end of the twentieth century, globalization became an all-purpose catchphrase. It pervaded both academic and popular arenas. Governments attributed their economic crises to the web of linkages that globalization had brought about, environmentalists lamented the negative impact of runaway globalization and anthropologists blamed the increasingly rapid rate of destruction of indigenous cultures on the relentless march of globalization. But as different disciplines and parties used the term in disparate ways its meaning also became increasingly diffuse. Globalization risked becoming a hollow clich. However, one purpose of this course is to show that the concept still usefully captures significant worldwide changes that have continued into the 21 st century. Its overuse does not detract from the influence or importance of the process and unsurprisingly over the last 2-3 decades globalization as a field of study has become a key topic in the social sciences. The process of globalization contrary to popular thought - began at least as early as the 16th century as Europeans set out to add flavour (sugar and spice) to their food. This motivated them to discover new lands in Asia and Latin America. A second wave of globalization ensued in the 19 th century when large-scale migrations (slave trade, indentured labour) created new societies and cultures across the globe. A third wave post the Second World War - was fuelled by high-speed, low cost transnational travel, trade liberalization and innovations in media and communication (television, satellite and the internet). All this has meant that the pace of economic, political and cultural linkages across the world have increased ten fold. As people become more connected both physically and through experiencing, similar phenomena be it food, sport, culture they become more globalized. While many other disciplines have analyzed globalization at the macro level, this course aims to introduce students in particular to globalization at the local level through the medium of ethnography. The course will study workers, consumers, migrants and tourists, as actors on the global stage in all three stages mentioned above.

The course will examine positive aspects of globalization such as increased mobility, global cooperation in trade, the globalization of rights, the promise of world peace and achievements in health but will also cover the 'seedier' side of globalization trafficking, child labour, poverty, low intensity conflicts, international crime and the global spread of disease. In summary, the course will raise questions such as what globalization means to the different actors mentioned. Does globalization make the world more homogenous (McWorld or Americanization) or does it provoke reactions in the form of social movements (e.g. the occupy Wall Street movement or religious fundamentalism). Does it lead to a loss of indigenous cultures or does it lead to something more nuanced in the form of syncretic or hybrid cultures a form of glocalisation. II. COURSE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES:

The course is largely lecture based. There are 28 sessions of 100 minutes each. The majority of these sessions will be lectures though the sessions will be interactive with space for discussion and debate. The last few sessions will be devoted to showcasing the projects of students. Presentations will be made in these sessions and the presentations will be open to all faculty and students. This is an opportunity for students to showcase the best of their research. Through the lectures, essay, tests, and exams, and the projects, students will engage intensively and critically with key theoretical perspectives and debates on globalization, and a range of historical and contemporary case studies. There will be a strong emphasis on a local level, actor specific, ethnographic perspective. Students will be expected to apply these insights to processes that are on going in todays world. In terms of the learning goals identified by the department of humanities and social sciences, the course aims to achieve goals 3, and 4 as outlined in the LOA document. Through the group project and essays students will demonstrate the ability to engage with theoretical concepts and research methodologies used in sociology and anthropology and political economy and relate them to specific areas within the interdisciplinary subject of globalization. They will demonstrate their ability to apply the key concepts, methodologies, and perspectives learnt in the course to a local milieu. They will design a theme-based project and choose the appropriate tools, locations, research strategies, and medium for representation for this purpose in consultation with the instructor. (Goal # 3 and 4 of LOA) Through the essay students will demonstrate the ability to engage with and reflect on arguments in a critical manner, develop their own arguments systematically, and present the comparative and/or critical arguments in the appropriate manner of academic writing. (Goal # 4 of LOA)

III.

COURSE EVALUATION

Class Participation and Attendance (15% + 5%) The relatively high percentage (15%) set aside for class participation is to give the students an incentive to read the material prior to the class and therefore be able to contribute in a constructive manner to the ensuing discussion. Class discussions can be very good or very ordinary depending on the contribution of the students. If students are unprepared and therefore unwilling to contribute the session becomes a wasted opportunity. If however students are well prepared, class participation can lead to a very rich, varied and productive discussion. Moreover, scoring an A grade without doing the prescribed readings is difficult. The high CP also makes attendance more important as without attendance your CP drops. The CP will be concentrated in the sessions where presentations are made which means that you must come prepared for presentations just as the group presenting is prepared. If you fail to engage with the presentation you will not get any CP. Globalization Research Presentations and Papers (20% + 30%) The class will be divided up into groups. Group members will identify and research a particular global commodity or dimension of globalization and examine various aspects of its process of production, consumption, and meaning making. Possible topics may be GAP clothing, Nike footwear, Starbucks Coffee, the globalization of Sport, diamonds, the spread of international crime, pharmaceuticals and the rise of global disease, the clash of civilizations, the impact of multi-national companies, etc. Each student will do her/his own research and written paper, while working collaboratively on a particular industry/commodity. Groups will present their work to the class and papers (8-10 pgs, 3000 4000 words) will be due at the conclusion of the semester. 3 Quizzes (30%) In order to ensure that you read consistently throughout the semester 3 announced quizzes will be held. The quizzes will consist of shorter questions and/or a more analytical piece. All quizzes will require that you show a grasp of classroom discussion and prescribed readings. The best two quizzes will be taken. Summary CP 15% Attendance 5% Individual Essays 30% Group Project 20% 3 Quizzes 30%

IV.

COURSE ETHICS:

The strength of the university depends on academic and personal integrity. Students are expected to abide by the rules of academic and personal honesty. Serious ethical violations include cheating, plagiarism, reuse of essays, improper use of the internet and electronic services, unauthorized collaboration, alteration of graded essays, forgery, lying, and unfair competition. For more information on ethics, please refer to the student handbook and the plagiarism document distributed by the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences. Specific instructions for the essay and the projects will be circulated prior to the submission. Plagiarism & Cheating Policy I trust in the integrity of each and every one of you, yet if Im convinced of a case of plagiarism the matter will be immediately referred to the Disciplinary committee. If you have any questions regarding how to cite material in your work, ask me BEFORE the work is due. Plagiarism What is it? Plagiarism is defined as the representation of anothers words, ideasopinions, or other products of work as ones own either overtly or by failing to attribute them to their true source.1 In other words, it is drawing upon other peoples work without giving them credit for it. Plagiarism is the use without citation of: another persons written words a paraphrase of another persons written words Avoiding Plagiarism In order to avoid plagiarism, make sure that you acknowledge the source of your ideas: You must use quotation marks around all material that you are quoting exactly, and immediately follow it with a citation to the source in your text. You must cite all ideas and materials from other authors (including web pages) that you are paraphrasing or referring to in you work. A Common Mistake to Avoid Sometimes students put down the original text, but substitutes similar or equivalent terms throughout. You should instead write the ideas completely in your own words/format, and then cite the source from which you derived the ideas

Syracuse University Rules and Regulations, Section 1.0

Citing Sources Citing sources in your text means providing the reader with the authors last name, the year of publication of his or her work, and the page number from which the quote is taken (in case of a quote)

Bibliography Your bibliography must follow either the APA, MLA or The Chicago Manual of Style. Whatever style you use, make sure you use it correctly and consistently. Do not have more than one style in a bibliography. V. GRADING GUIDELINES2 Letter Grade A+ A AB+ B BC+ C CD+ D DF Grade Definition Excellent: Strong evidence of original thinking; good organization; capacity to analyze and synthesize; superior grasp of subject matter with sound critical evaluations; evidence of extensive knowledge base. Excellent Excellent Good: Evidence of grasp of subject matter; some evidence of critical capacity and analytic ability; reasonable understanding of relevant issues; evidence of familiarity with literature. Good Good Adequate: Student who is profiting from his/her university experience; understanding of the subject matter; ability to develop solutions to simple problems in the material. Adequate Adequate Marginal: Some evidence of familiarity with subject matter and some evidence that critical and analytic skills have been developed. Marginal Marginal Inadequate: Little evidence of even superficial understanding of subject matter; weakness in critical and analytic skills; with limited or irrelevant use of literature.

Grading Cut-offs 85 A Plus

Taken from the University of Toronto, Faculty of Arts and Science, Grading Policies http://www.artsci.utoronto.ca/newstudents/transition/academic/grading

80-85 A 75 80 A minus 70-75 B plus 67-70 B 65-67 B minus 60-65 C + 55-60 C 50-55 C minus 40 50 D < 40 F VII. ACTIVE READING GUIDELINES

Keep the following questions in mind when you are reading. VIII. What am I getting out of the assigned reading? What arguments or points is the author making? What is the main thesis that the author is presenting? What data does the author marshal to support this argument? Is it convincing? Why or why not? What new concepts and terms am I learning? How are my own assumptions shaping my reactions? What ideas, terms, and events am I not clear on? What questions have the readings raised for me? How can I connect this to other things I know? COURSE STRUCTURE AND SCHEDULE

Session 1: Introduction to the course grading, expectations, topics to be covered, etc. No readings Session 2: Theories of Globalization (August 27th) 1. Bryan S. Turner, Theories of Globalization (pp 3-22) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies. Bryan S. Turner (ed), Routledge, 2010. 2. A. Giddens, Globalization (pp 2437) in Runaway World, Routledge, 1999. 3. A. Appadurai, Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy in the Anthropology of Globalization, Jonathan Xavier and Renato Rosaldo, Blackwell, 2008. 4. Benjamin Barber, Jihad vs. McWorld, (pp 32-36) in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. Session 3: The History of Globalization (August 29th) 1. Luke Martell, Chapter 2: The History of Globalization: Pre-Modern, Modern or Post Modern (pp 19-42) in The Sociology of Globalization. Polity Press, 2010. 7

Sessions 4: Global Economic Flows (September 3rd) 1. George Ritzer, Chapter 8: Global Economic Flows (pp 207242) in Globalization: A Basic Text, Wiley Blackwell, 2010. Session 5 and 6: Globalization and Inequality (5th and 10th September) 1. Luke Martell, Chapter 8: Global Inequality: Is Globalizati on a Solution to Global Poverty (pp 159-187) in The Sociology of Globalization, Polity Press, 2010. 2. Joseph Stiglitz, The Promise of Global Institutions in Globalization and its Discontents (pp 1 22), Penguin Books, 2002, 3. David Harvey, A brief History of Neoliberalism (pp 1 4), New York, Oxford University Press, 2005 4. Martin Wolf, Incensed about Inequality (pp 183 189) in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. (SR) 5. Robert Hunter Wade, Is Globalization Reducing Poverty and Inequality (pp 190 196) in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. (SR) 6. Martin Wolf Are Global Poverty and Inequality getting Worse? Prospect Magazine, Issue 72, March 2002. Session 7 - Experiencing Poverty Defining Poverty - Children in Poverty (12th September) 1. UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florence, Italy, Innocenti Report Card, No1, June 2000, A league table of child poverty in rich nations United Nations Childrens Fund, pp 3-9, 2. Andrea Ashworth, Once in a House on Fire, pp.101-15, London, Picador, (1998) 3. M. D. Goldstein. Nothing bad intended: child discipline, punishment, and survival in a shantytown in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in Scheper-Hughes, N. and Sargent, C. (eds) Small Wars: the cultural politics of childhood, Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, pp. 389-95, (1998) Session 8 - Experiencing Poverty Child Slaves Documentary (17th September) Session 9 Quiz 1 (September 19th) and Experiencing Poverty Forced Labour in a Globalized World 1. Kevin Bales, The New Slavery (pp 1 33) in Disposable People, University Of California Press, 2000 Session 10 Experiencing Poverty Bonded Labour in South Asia (September 24th) 1. Jan Breman, Modes of wage payment and secondary labour conditions (pp 141 176) in Footloose Labour, Cambridge University Press. 1999.

2. Kevin Bales, Pakistan: When is a Slave Not a Slave? (pp 149 194) in Disposable People, University Of California Press, 2000 3. Kevin Bales, India - The Ploughmans Lunch (pp 195 231) in Disposable People, University Of California Press, 2000 Session 11 Global Slavery Trafficking (September 26th) 1. Kevin Bales, Thailand: Because She Looks Like a Child (pp 34 79) in Disposable People, University Of California Press, 2000 2. Lisa Rende Taylor, Dangerous Trade-offs: The Behavioral Ecology of Child Labor and Prostitution in Rural Northern Thailand, Current Anthropology Volume 46, Number 3, June 2005 3. Nancy A. Wonders, Raymond Michalowski, Bodies, Borders, and Sex Tourism in a Globalized World: A Tale of Two Cities Amsterdam and Havana, Social Problems, Vol. 48, No. 4 (November 2001), pp. 545-571 Sessions 12: Migration (1st October) 1. Frank J. Lechner, Chapter 10:Global Migration: How New People Change Old Places (pp 195 - 205) in Globalization: The Making of World Society, Wiley Blackwell, 2009 2. George Ritzer, Chapter 11: Global Flows of People (pp 297 334) in Globalization: A Basic Text, Wiley Blackwell, 2010. Session 13 Migrants and Integration (3rd October) 1. Frank J. Lechner, Chapter 10:Global Migration: How New People Change Old Places (pp 205 - 218) in Globalization: The Making of World Society, Wiley Blackwell, 2009 2. Roger Ballard, The political economy of migration: Pakistan, Britain, and the Middle East in Jeremy Eades, Migrants, Workers and the Social Order, London: Tavistock,1987 Mid-Terms Quiz 2 8th or 10th October Eid Break 14 18 October Session 14 and 15: The Natural Environment (22nd and 24th October) 1. Patricia J. Campbell, Aran Mackinnon, Christry R. Stevens, Chapter 5: The Natural Environment (pp 122 160) in An Introduction to Global Studies, Wiley Blackwell, 2010. 2. Ronnie D. Lipschutz and Felicia Allegra Peck, Climate Change, globalization and carbonization (pp 182-204) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies. Bryan S. Turner (ed) 2010, Routledge. (Suggested Reading) 3. John MacInnes and Julio Perez Diaz, Transformations of the Worlds Population: The Demographic Revolution (pp 137-161) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies. Bryan S. Turner (ed) 2010, Routledge. (Suggested Reading) 9

Session 16: Global Food (29th October) 1. Frank J. Lechner, Global Food and the History of Globalization (pp 13 33) in Globalization: The Making of World Society, Wiley Blackwell, 2009. 2. Theodore C. Bestor, How Sushi Went Global in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. 3. James L Watson, MacDonalds in Hong Kong in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. 4. David Inglis, Globalization and Food: the dialectics of globality and locality (pp 492 514) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies. Bryan S. Turner (ed), Routledge, 2010. Session 17: Global Sports (31st October) 1. Frank J. Lechner, Global Sports and the Direction of Globalization (pp 34 55) in Globalization: The Making of World Society, Wiley Blackwell, 2009. 2. Michael Malec and Hillary McD. Beckles, Chapter 9: Baseball, Cricket and Social Change: Jackie Robinson and Frank Worrell (pp 137 144) in Anthropology Sport and Culture, Robert R. Sands (ed) Bergin and Garvey, 1999. 3. Steven Jackson and David Andrews, Chapter 7: The Globalist of Them All: The Everywhere Man Michael Jordan and American Popular Culture in Postcolonial New Zealand (pp 99 118) in Anthropology Sport and Culture, Robert R. Sands (ed) Bergin and Garvey, 1999. Session 18 Documentary Fire in Babylon, Stevan Riley. (5th November) 1. C.L.R. James, Beyond a Boundary, Chapter 1 (pp 3 27), Yellow Jersey Press, 2005. Sessions 19: Global Culture Film (7th November) 1. Heather Tyrrell, Bollywood versus Hollywood: Battle of the Dream Factories in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. 2. Stephen Teo, Film and Globalization: From Hollywood to Bollywood (pp 412 428) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies . Bryan S. Turner (ed) 2010. Routledge Session 20: Global Culture Fundamentalisms (19th November) 1. Frank. J. Lechner, Global Fundamentalism in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. 2. Charles Kurzman Bin Laden and Other Thoroughly Modern Muslims in The Globalization Reader, Frank J. Lechner and John Boli, Blackwell, 2008. 3. R.D. Kaplan, The Coming Anarchy: How Scarcity, Crime, Overpopulation, Tribalism and Disease are Rapidly Destroying the Social Fabric of our Planet. Atlantic Monthly 273 (2): 44-76, 1994.

10

4. J. Nagata, Beyond Theology: Toward an Anthropology Fundamentalism. American Anthropologist 103 (2):481-498, 2001. Session 21: The Anti-Globalization Movement (21st November)

of

1. Luke Martell, Chapter 11: Anti-Globalization and the Global Justice Movements (pp 239-258) in The Sociology of Globalization. Polity Press. 2010 2. Tom Mertes Anti-globalization movements: from critiques to alternatives (pp 77 95) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies . Bryan S. Turner (ed), Routledge, 2010. 3. Gustavo Esteva. Basta! Indians Say Enough! in the Post Development Reader, Majid Rahnema and Victoria Bawtree, Zed Books, 2008. Session 22: The Future World Order (26th November) 1. Luke Martell, Chapter 12: The Future World Order: The Decline of American Power (pp 259-286) in The Sociology of Globalization, Polity Press, 2010. 2. Bryan S. Turner, Globalization and its Possible Futures (pp 653 668) in The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies . Bryan S. Turner (ed), Routledge, 2010. Session 23 onwards Presentations 28th November 3rd December 4th December 5th December

11

SOME USEFUL WEBSITES Globalization 101. A Project of the Carnegie Endowment. http://www.globalization101.org/index.html Within this interesting website are a variety of helpful strands including news analysis, tips for teachers, foreign policy updates and comments by experts. One can obtain a monthly globalization newsletter which provides timely and useful information on current events concerned with globalization. http://www.globalisationguide.org http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development http://www.globalpolicy.org/globaliz/websites.htm http://www.earthwindow.com/grc2/resources/ ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ON GLOBALIZATION (books available in library) Conceptual Analyses and Overviews of Globalization Waters, Malcolm (1995). Globalization. London: Routledge Underhill, Geoffrey (1994). Introduction: Conceptualizing the Changing Global Order. In Richard Stubbs and Geoffrey Underhill, eds. Political Economy and the Changing Global Order. New York: St. Martin's Press. Pp. 17-44. Rupert, Mark (2000). Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order. London: Routledge. Greider, William (1997). One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism. New York: Simon and Schuster. The Economic aspect of globalization Polanyi, Karl (1957). The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Times. Boston: Beacon Press. Gill, Stephen and David Law (1988). The Global Political Economy: Perspectives, Policies and Problems. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester/Wheatsheaf. Frank, Andre Gunder (1998). ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age. Berkeley: University of California Press. Held, David, and Anthony McGrew. Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999. An Introduction to Global Environmental Issues (Pickering, Kevin T., and Lewis A. Owen, Routledge, New York, 1997)

Globalization and its impact on social structures Sklair, Leslie (1995). Sociology of the Global System. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University 12

Press. Jones, R.J. Barry (1995). Globalisation and Interdependence in the International Political Economy. London: Frances Pinter. The discourse of Modernity and Globalization Beck: Ulrich (1997). The Reinvention of Politics : Rethinking Modernity in the Global Social Order. Cambridge: Polity Press. Clark, Ian (1997). Globalization and Fragmentation: International Relations in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: OUP. Dicken, Peter (1986). Global Shift: industrial change in a turbulent world / New York: Harper & Row Globalization and Its impact on National identities and Capitalism Reich, Robert (1991). The Work of Nations. New York: Knopf. Kennedy, Paul (1991). Preparing for the Twenty-First Century. New York: Random House. Ohmae, Kenichi (1995). The End of the Nation State: The Rise of Regional Economics. How New Engines of Prosperity are Reshaping Global Markets. New York: Free Press. Ohmae, Kenichi (1999). The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy, Revised Edition. New York: Harper Business. The problems of globalization Sassen, Saskia (1997). Losing Control. New York: Columbia University Press Stiglitz, Globalization and its Discontents, (New York, W.W.Norton , 2002)

13