Ebook - Chemistry Regents Study Guide2013

LIMITED 2013 EDITION!
How to PASS the Chemistry Regents

A Study Guide using the June, 2013 Chemistry Regents
by Guy Hauptman of www.ChemVideoTutor.com
This Study Guide contains both multiple choice and short answer questions, answers with explanations, reference tables, and corresponding "Way #'s" from "100 Ways to Pass the Chemistry Regents!"
(Click HERE to get the FREE Review Sheet!)
Disclaimers 1. Guy Hauptman, www.chemvideotutor.com and/or its affiliates are in no way connected or affiliated with the New York State Education Department Board of Regents, or those who make the Chemistry Regents Exam. 2. Additionally, although the Chemistry Regents has a strong tendency to repeat certain questions and concepts, past performance does not guarantee future results. So, while I am confident that the materials I have put together in this ebook, my review sheet and my videos will definitely help you perform well on the Chemistry Regents, individual results can and will vary, including the possibility of not passing the Chemistry Regents, for which I cannot assume responsibility.
***No part of this publication shall be reproduced, transmitted, or sold in whole or in part in any form, without the prior written consent of the author.***
About the Author

Guy Hauptman is a New York State certified teacher licensed to teach Chemistry and Biology. Guy has taught both subjects for over 10 years now in New York City public and private high schools. During that time, he has also tutored students publicly and privately, on an individual level as well as through Regents Crash Courses. After getting married to a wonderful wife and having 2 beautiful daughters, Guy's time availability was curtailed tremendously. As a result, Guy created "100 Ways to PASS the Chemistry Regents!", an online video tutorial program that covers 100 of the easiest and most commonly asked concepts on the Chemistry Regents, allowing him to combine his passions of making videos and helping students understand chemistry.
That's me multi-tasking!
Now, students can learn at their own pace, on their own time, yet still gain the knowledge necessary to pass the Chemistry Regents!
If at any point while youre using this study guide you have any questions, please dont hesitate to contact me. You can best reach me on Twitter (@AChemVideoTutor), on my Facebook Page, or by subscribing to my Youtube Channel! Even if you dont have any questions, Id love for you to come by and say hello! If you want to reach me in private you can email me at chemvideotutor@gmail.com.
How to Use this Study Guide: Out of the 85 questions on the June, 2013 Chemistry Regents Exam, there were 68 that corresponded to at least 1 of the "100 Ways to PASS the Chemistry Regents!". Considering you usually need about 50 points to pass the Chemistry Regents with a 65, if you were to correctly answer the 68 questions that corresponded to the "100 Ways" you would have passed with a 78!
This means that there are 18 points of "insurance" built into my system, for this exam. Although every Chemistry Regents may vary in the number of "Ways" covered, every Chemistry Regents exam I have gone through contained at least 60 "Ways", which can help more than ensure a passing grade.
So, on the following pages, I have provided you with only those 68 questions that correspond to a "Way" along with which "Way #" the question corresponds to as well as the actual "Way" Topic, Concept and Explanation so that you can answer the question correctly. I have also provided some additional information such as a reference table you may need to refer to or some other piece of information that will assist you in answering the question correctly. Finally, while going through just this one exam may be helpful, I highly recommend that you go through at least 4 exams with my reference sheets to really drive home the repetitive nature of the Chemistry Regents; or you can just watch "100 Ways to PASS the Chemistry Regents!".
Way # 18:
Straight from the review sheet: an orbital is the most probable location of an electron, making the correct answer choice 3. CLICK HERE to watch the video for Way # 18!
Way # 21:
Straight from the review sheet: find the masses for each particle by looking at the top numbers in Table O of the Chemistry Reference Tables, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 26:
Since the question mentions that a "red color is produced", this also refers to the "spectra" of an element. Spectra is produced when electrons go from high to low, or from the excited state back down to the ground state, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 23:
The key words in this question are "can vary" referring to atoms of the same element. The atomic number identifies an element as well as lets us know how many protons and electrons atoms of that element have. An isotope is when there are two or more atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, or, the same atomic number but a different mass number, making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 7:
Straight from the review sheet: This question refers to allotropes, which are atoms of the same element that have different structures. The two most often asked about allotropes are oxygen(g), (O2) & ozone(g), (O3) and diamond & graphite, which are two forms of carbon in the solid phase, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 23:
The key word in this question is "isotope" which is when there are two or more atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. The only element that has 13 protons is aluminum, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 38:
Since elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, their properties will be similar, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 55:
Straight from the review sheet: two types of formulas are molecular formulas and empirical formulas. The only choice to list both of those types of formulas is choice 4, with the third type being a structural formula.
Structural Formula Molecular Formula Empirical Formula
C6H14
C 3 H7
Way # 40:
When a bond forms between two elements, there is an attraction for electrons, also known as Electronegativity. Electronegativity values for elements is listed in Table S of the Chemistry Reference Tables. Since fluorine has the highest electronegativity value (4.0) out of all of the elements, it will have the stronger attraction for electrons, like choice 2.
Way # 13:
Straight from the review sheet: When you see temperature, think average kinetic energy. When you see average kinetic energy, think temperature, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 78:
Straight from the review sheet: The difference between the potential energy of the products and the potential energy of the reactants is equal to the heat of reaction, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 17:
Straight from the review sheet: Sublimation is when a solid turns directly into a gas without entering the liquid phase. While carbon dioxide (CO2) and iodine (I2) are the more common examples used, this time water (H2O) is the one that is subliming, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 8:
The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) explains how particles behave. The four parts of the theory, as they relate to gases, are: 1) the particles move in a random, constant straight-line motion 2) the particles are so small, their volume is negligible or non-existent 3) the particles can transfer energy during collisions but no energy is lost or gained 4) the particles have no attractive forces between them making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 2:
Since potassium chloride (a compound) dissolves in water (another compound) and forms a solution, the correct answer will be choice 3. All solutions ((aq) = dissolved in water) are homogeneous mixtures. If the two substances were mixed together but did not dissolve or did not form a solution, then it would be classified as heterogeneous.
Way # 54:
Hydrogen bonding typically occurs when Hydrogen bonds to either Fluorine, Oxygen or Nitrogen (H likes to have FON!) Why FON? All 3 elements have high electronegativities (attraction for electrons) and small atomic radii (proximity to the nucleus), forming compounds with strong intermolecular forces, explaining their high boiling points. Therefore, water (H2O), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) can all be used interchangeably for this question with water being the most common, although, this time, HF was used, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 73:
Think of an effective collision as an accident between 2 vehicles where maximal damage can occur: at a high rate of speed (proper energy) and head-on (proper orientation), making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 10:
Straight from the review sheet: Another way of saying disorder, or randomness, is entropy, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 88:
Straight from the review sheet: Titration is the process of determining the concentration of a solution, such as an acid or a base, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 98:
Since both compounds have the same numbers of atoms per molecule (2 C's, 6 H's and 1 O), they will both have the same gram-formula masses and the same percent compositions by mass. What's different is the location of the atoms or its structure. A different structure leads to a different function, or behavior, and therefore, different chemical properties, making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 94:
Straight from the review sheet: The keyword in this question is the word anode. The anode is defined as the site of oxidation, or where electrons are lost, making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 92:
Another word for a voltaic cell is a battery. A battery spontaneously converts chemical energy into electrical energy, making the correct answer choice 1. As an example, you can use your cell phone without it being plugged in (spontaneously) because the battery is producing electricity. But when your battery dies, you need to plug it in (nonspontaneous) so that electrical energy can be converted into chemical energy, putting the chemical energy back into the battery (for future spontaneous use).
Way # 90:
A REDOX reaction is when REDuction (the gaining of electrons) and OXidation (the losing of electrons) occurs simultaneously. Therefore, electrons are transferred in oxidation-reduction reactions, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 82:
Straight from the review sheet: When you see "the only positive ions in the solution", the question is most likely referring to an acid, especially when they mention hydronium (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+), making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 84:
Straight from the review sheet: a base is an H+ acceptor making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 89:
Straight from the review sheet: An electrolyte can either be an acid (Table K), a base (Table L) or a salt (metal/nonmetal). In this case, the answer is a base, found in Table L of the Chemistry Reference Tables, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 31:
Straight from the review sheet: Fission is a type of nuclear reaction, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 29:
Straight from the review sheet: Decay mode, and half-life values, can both be found in Table N of the Chemistry Reference Tables. I-131 and P-32 both have beta (-) as their decay modes and both have half-lives greater than 1 hour, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 27:
Straight from the review sheet: In a Bright-Line Spectra, all lines need to match. The only element that does not have all of its lines match up with the lines found in the mixture is element X (see the lines all the way to the right and how they are not present in the spectra for the mixture), making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 42:
Straight from the review sheet: Since down a group, the atomic radius increases, then across a period, the opposite is true, which would be a decrease in the atomic radius, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 25:
Straight from the review sheet: The excited state is when electrons move to further shells with no change in electron number. Therefore, a sulfur atom, which has 16 electrons, should still have 16 electrons, just arranged differently from what's listed in the Periodic Table of Elements, which is the ground state, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 56:
Straight from the review sheet: one substance (AB) breaking down into () 2 or more substances (A + B) is known as a decomposition reaction, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 64:
While percent composition involves math, this question in particular does not. Simply see which element (Cl, I, O or S) has the lowest atomic mass so that when it bonds with strontium (Sr), it will give Sr the higher percentage of mass. Since O has the lowest atomic mass, Sr will have the highest percent composition by mass when bonding with O, making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 46:
Straight from the review sheet: A covalent bond is when 2 nonmetals share a pair of electrons. Since there is only one line () between the nitrogen atoms, representing a single bond, then there is only 1 pair of electrons being shared, making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 48:
Straight from the review sheet: An ionic compound consists of a metal and a nonmetal (BaCl2), meanwhile, a molecular compound consists of a nonmetal and a nonmetal (N2O4), making the correct answer choice 3.
Way # 15:
Straight from the review sheet: Any Kelvin temperature is 273 degrees higher than the corresponding Celsius temperature, so 200C + 273 = 473K, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 5:
Straight from the review sheet: The words "can not be broken down" refers to an element. Based on the key, the answer will need to be the box that contains only one kind of circle in it, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 97:
Straight from the review sheet: The words "unsaturated hydrocarbon" refer to a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only, as well as a double (=) or triple bond () between carbon atoms, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 86:
Straight from the review sheet: Since the pH is changing from 4 to 3, or a change by 1, then that equates to a change by 10x or a factor of 10. Additionally, a change from 4 to 3 is a move in the direction of hydronium causing the hydronium ion concentration to increase by a factor of 10, making the correct answer choice 2.
Way # 87:
Straight from the review sheet: According to Reference Table M, bromthymol blue will be blue when the pH is 7.6 or higher, 5.4 or higher for bromcresol green and 9.6 or higher for thymol blue. The only pH listed that falls above these values is 9.9, making the correct answer choice 4.
Way # 29:
Straight from the review sheet: Table N of the Chemistry Reference Tables only lists those nuclei that are unstable (spontaneously emit radiation). Since hydrogen-3 is the only nuclei of the 3 from the question that is listed in Table N, then that would make the nuclei of hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-2 stable, making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 30:
Straight from the review sheet: Fusion is when 2 Hydrogen's (H) unite to form 1 Helium (He), making the correct answer choice 1.
Way # 49:
The noble gases are found in group 18 of the Periodic Table of Elements. They are called "noble" because they are generally unreactive due to their stable electron configurations, usually 8 valence (outermost) electrons, known as a stable octet. When magnesium becomes an ion, it loses 2 electrons from its outermost energy level, taking on the same electron configuration as the noble gas neon.
Way # 39:
Straight from the review sheet: When a metal atom becomes an ion, it loses electrons, making its radius smaller.
Way #s 45, 46:
Straight from the review sheet: A molecule that consists of 2 nonmetals contains a covalent bond. When the 2 nonmetals are the same, like they are in O2(g), it is called a nonpolar covalent bond, more specifically. Since both O's need two more electrons to be stable, they will share 2 pairs of electrons, forming a double covalent bond: O=O Since O2(g) is before the arrow, it is considered a reactant.
Way # 50:
Straight from the review sheet: A Lewis-electron-dot diagram for oxygen will have 6 dots around the letter O, which represents the number of valence (outermost) electrons an atom has.
Way # 43:
Straight from the review sheet: When a bond is broken, energy is absorbed. O2(g) goes from being a molecule, O=O (2 atoms bonded together) to two separate oxygen atoms, O(g) + O(g), by breaking the double bond through the absorption of energy.
Way # 13:
Straight from the review sheet: Since there is an increase in temperature from -25C to 0C during interval AB, then there is also an increase in kinetic energy because they are one of them same. Potential energy, on the other hand, remains the same.
Way # 11:
Straight from the review sheet: Hydrogen (cylinder A) and methane (cylinder B) are two different gases that are at the same temperature, pressure and volume and therefore, will have the same number of molecules.
Way # 9:
Straight from the review sheet: Making the temperature higher and the pressure lower will cause the gas in cylinder A to behave more like an ideal gas.
Way # 96:
Straight from the review sheet: After referring to Table Q of the Chemistry Reference Tables, any hydrocarbon containing single bonds only is classified as being part of the alkane family or homologous series.
Way # 55:
Straight from the review sheet: If you count the number of C's and H's in the structural formula for isomer 1, you will get the molecular formula of C6H14. To go from the molecular formula to the empirical formula, divide C6H14 by the greatest common factor, which in this case, is 2.
Structural Formula Molecular Formula Empirical Formula
C6H14 2
C3H7
Way # 53:
Straight from the review sheet: If high boiling points are a result of strong intermolecular forces then low boiling points are a result of weak intermolecular forces. Isomer 2 must have weaker intermolecular forces than isomer 1.
Way # 59:
Straight from the review sheet: If you reverse criss-cross the Group III oxide formula, R2O3, you will get R+3O-2. The +3 means that any element in group III will lose 3 electrons whereas the -2 means O will gain 2 electrons.
Way # 91:
Straight from the review sheet: Since the more active elements are found at the top of Reference Table J, the least active elements should be closer the bottom. Of the group 1 elements listed on Mendeleev's table, Ag, which is silver, is the least active element because it is the lowest element listed on Table J.
Way # 49:
Straight from the review sheet: Since the group 18 elements are generally unreactive, Mendeleev was unable to detect their presence in compounds.
Way # 90:
Straight from the review sheet: Reduction is the gaining of electrons. When electrons are gained, they get written before the arrow when writing a half-reaction. Since Pb changes from a +2 oxidation state when it was part of a compound to a 0 oxidation state when it ends up by itself, that means it had to gain 2 electrons in total and moves in the - direction. Pb+2 + 2e- Pb0
Way #s 73, 74, 75:
Straight from the review sheet: This question has several correct answers and therefore, has several different "Ways". Increasing the temperature, concentration or surface area of a reactant will all increase the rate of this reaction.
Way #s 58:
The liquid compound dissolved in the Na3AlF6(l) is Al2O3. Since Aluminum only has one oxidation state, there is no need to write any roman numerals in the name. Also, since aluminum and oxygen are the only two elements in the compound, it will be a binary compound whose name will end with the letters - ide. Therefore, aluminum oxide will be the name.
Way #s 16:
Straight from the review sheet: The substance at the bottom of the tank is aluminum. Simply, turn to Table S of the Chemistry Reference Tables and you will find the melting point of aluminum.
Way #s 61:
Considering the Al(l) sunk to the bottom of the tank, its density had to be greater than the density of the mixture of Al2O3(l) and Na3AlF6(l).
Way #s 77:
The way to read the reaction in this question is as follows: 2 moles of sulfur dioxide (SO2) react with 1 mole of oxygen (O2) to produce 2 moles of sulfur trioxide (SO3) and 394 kJ of heat energy. Basically, for every 2 moles of sulfur trioxide (SO3) produced, 394 kJ of heat energy is released. Therefore, if only 1 mole of sulfur trioxide (SO3) is produced (half the amount), then only 197 kJ of heat energy will be produced as well (half the amount).
Straight from the review sheet: Vanadium(V) means that vanadium's oxidation state will be +5. Oxygen's oxidation state will be -2 since that is the only oxidation state that oxygen has: V+5O-2
Criss-cross the oxidation states so that they become the subscripts for the opposite element, getting rid of the signs: V2O5
Way #s 79:
Straight from the review sheet: Since the heat energy (394 kJ) is after the arrow, this reaction is considered exothermic. Potential energy diagrams for exothermic reactions will start high, hump up and then come down, ending lower than where it started.
Way #s 98:
Straight from the review sheet: According to Table R of the Chemistry Reference Tables, a halocarbon consists of carbon bonded to any halogen (F, Cl, Br or I). Since carbon has the ability to form 4 bonds and a Freon-12 molecule consists of one carbon atom, two chlorine atoms, and two fluorine atoms, the structural formula may look something like this:
Way #s 98:
Straight from the review sheet: According to Table R of the Chemistry Reference Tables, a halocarbon consists of carbon bonded to any halogen (F, Cl, Br or I). Both Freon-12 and Freon-14 consist of one carbon atom bonded to fluorine and/or chlorine.
Way #s 52:
Straight from the review sheet: Water (H2O) is a polar molecule. Since sugar dissolves in water, their polarities must be similar. In other words, sugar is also a polar molecule.
Way #s 65:
Straight from the review sheet: Percent by mass is equal to the mass of solute (sugar) divided by the mass of solution (sugar + water). After plugging in the numbers based on the data provided, the correct numerical setup and solution will look like this: % by mass = 414 X 100 = 70.05% or 70.1% 591
Way #s 72:
Straight from the review sheet: When sugar dissolves in water, a solution is formed, causing the boiling point of the mixture to increase. As water begins to evaporate, the boiling point increases further since more sugar particles are being left behind, increasing the concentration, thereby having a greater effect.
Additional Resources Chemistry Regents Exam, Answer Booklet, Answer Key, Conversion Chart & Reference Tables
June 2013 Chemistry Regents Exam June 2013 Chemistry Regents Answer Booklet June 2013 Chemistry Regents Answer Key June 2013 Chemistry Regents Conversion Chart 2011 Edition of the Chemistry Reference Tables
CLICK HERE to Save $66 Right Now on "100 Ways to Pass the Chemistry Regents!"
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Thank You So Much!

I hope youve learned enough chemistry from this Study Guide so you can pass the Chemistry Regents! I cant thank you enough for your continued support of www.ChemVideoTutor.com and everything I do. I appreciate each and every one of you for taking time out of your day or evening to go through this Study Guide, and if you have an extra second, I would love to hear what you think about it as well as how you ultimately do on the Chemistry Regents! I do read each and every single comment and email, so dont be afraid to say hi! Please leave a comment by reaching out to me on any one of the following: Follow me on Twitter:@AChemVideoTutor, @ChemVideoTutor Like my Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/PassTheChemistryRegents Subscribe to my Youtube Channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/chemvideotutor Send me an Email: chemvideotutor@gmail.com Visit my Website: http://www.chemvideotutor.com Lastly, if you know anyone else who may benefit from my products and services, please direct them to my website! Thanks again, and I wish you nothing less than success!
Guy Hauptman www.ChemVideoTutor.com
P.S. You can Click HERE to send a TWEET about my Review Sheet to your friends!

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How to PASS the Chemistry Regents

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