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The NURSING PROCESS is a deliberate, problem-solving approach to meeting the health care and n rsing needs o!

patients" It involves Assessment(data collection), Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation, #ith s bse$ ent modi!ications sed as !eedbac% mechanisms that promote the resol tion o! the n rsing diagnosis" The process as a #hole is c&clical, the steps being interrelated, interdependent and rec rrent" Three Changes in the E!!ort to Improves the People's (ealth as )oc sed on R* +,-./ ," )rom hospital or instit tional care, emphasis shi!ted to comm nit& health deliver&0 1" )rom emphasis on ph&sical care, e!!orts are no# directed to#ard holistic approach to the care o! individ al, !amilies and comm nities0 and 2" )rom being mere recipients o! care, patients, individ als, !amilies and comm nities are no# active participants in health care e!!orts" The 3*N*GE3ENT PROCESS is niversal" It is sed in b siness, in the practice o! one's pro!ession and even in r nning o! one's da& to da& personal a!!airs" )or n rses, %no#ledge o! this process ass res them o! the smooth ! nctioning o! their nits to attain their goal o! $ alit& care thro gh the 4 dicio s se o! available h man and material reso rces #ithin speci!ic periods" 3*N*GE3ENT is a process b& #hich a cooperative gro p directs action to#ards common goals" It involves techni$ es b& #hich a disting ished gro p o! people coordinates the services o! people" Classic three-!old concept o! 3*N*GE3ENT according to Harbizon and Myers ," *s an E!"N"MI! #E$"%#!E, management is s bstit ted !or labor and capital and is sed more e5tensivel& in ind stries e5periencing innovation" 1" *s a $&$'EM "( A%'H"#I'&, management !irst develops #ith top individ als determining the co rse o! action !or the ran% and !ile" It emphasi6es de!inite and consistent concern !or policies and proced res in dealing #ith the #or%ing gro p" 2" *s an E)I'E !)A$$, !rom the sociologist's point o! vie#, management is a class and stat s s&stem" 3anagers have become an elite gro p o! brains and ed cation" Role of Managers 3intsberg gro p the basic roles per!ormed b& managers as/

," Interpersonal #ole sho#s the manager *s a s&mbol beca se the position he7she occ pies and consist o! s ch d ties as signing papers7doc ments re$ ired b& the organi6ation0 *s a leader #ho hires, trains, enco rages, !ires, rem nerates and 4 dges0 *s a liaison bet#een o tside contracts s ch as the comm nit&, s ppliers and the organi6ation 1" In*ormation #ole presents the manager *s one #ho monitors in!ormation0 8isseminates in!ormation !rom both e5ternal and internal so rces0 *s spo%esperson or representative o! the organi6ation 2" Decisional #ole ma%es the manager *n entreprene r or innovator, problem discoverer, a designer to improve pro4ects that direct and control change in the organi6ation0 * tro ble shooter #ho handles ne5pected sit ations s ch as resignation o! s bordinates, !iring o! s bordinates and losses o! clients0 *s negotiator #hen con!lict arise" Developing Future Managers *ccording to 9at6, the necessar& ! ndamental s%ills o! manager are/ ," Technical s%ills relate to the pro!icienc& in per!orming an activit& in the correct manner #ith the right techni$ e" 1" ( man relationship s%ills pertain to dealing #ith people and ho# to :get along; #ith them" 2" Concept al s%ills deal #ith the abilit& to see individ al matters as the& relate to the total pict re and to develop creative #a&s o! identi!&ing pertinent !actors, responding to the big problems and discarding irrelevant !acts" Second approach in developing managers is pop lated b& S mmer/ ," 9no#ledge !actors re!er to ideas, concepts or principles that can be e5pressed and are accepted beca se the& have logical proo!s 1" *ttit de !actors relate to those belie!s, !eelings and val es that ma& bases on emotions and ma& not be s b4ected to conscio s verbali6ation" 2" *bilit& !actors incl de s%ill, art, 4 dgement and #isdoms Authors may differ slightly on the definition of the MANAGEMENT PROCESS but many would agree that it is com osed of four ma!or functions"

PLANNING is the first function# one must recogni$e that it ermeates into the other functions which are de endent on it% ORGANIZING establishes formal authority% &t sets u the organi$ational structure by identifying grou ings' roles and relationshi s within the agency% DIRECTING or leading actuates efforts to the accom lishment of goals% CONTRO((&NG leads to the assessment and regulation of erformance of wor)ers% The Setting The management rocess is a licable in any setting so for us nurses it is HOSPITALS % The E* ert Committee on Organi$ation of the +orld ,ealth Organi$ation define hos itals as -an integral of social and medical organi$ation' the function of which is to ro.ide for the o ulation it ser.es' com lete health care' both curati.e and re.enti.e' and whose out/ atient ser.ices reach out to the family in its home en.ironment# it is also the center for the training of health wor)ers and bio0social research%1 The ,os ital (icensure (aw' RA 2334' defines the term hos ital as -a lace de.oted rimarily to the maintenance and o eration of facilities for the diagnosis' treatment and care of indi.iduals suffering from illness' disease or deformity' or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care% Classifications of Hospitals 5% Clinical ,os itals a% General ,os itals ro.ide ser.ices for all )inds of illness' diseases' in!uries and deformities% E%g% PG,' 6MMC b% S ecial ,os itals ro.ide ser.ices for articular )inds of illnesses or diseases and offer health and medical care% E%g% Phili ine ,eart Center' National Ortho edic Center 3% According to Ownershi and Control a% Go.ernment ,os itals are o erated and controlled either artially or wholly by the national' ro.incial' munici al or city go.ernment or other olitical subdi.ision' board or other agency thereof% b% Pri.ate or Non/Go.ernmental ,os itals are ri.ately owned' established and o erated with funds' raised ca ital or other means by ri.ate indi.iduals' associations' cor orations' religious organi$ations' firms' com anies or !oint stoc) associations% 7% A training or Non/Training ,os ital

a% Training ,os ital is a de artmentali$ed hos ital with accredited Residency Training Program in one or more s ecified s ecialty or disci line% b% Non/Training ,os ital may be de artmentali$ed but without an accredited Residency Training Program in one or more s ecialty disci lines% Hospital Categories 5% Primary Level Hospitals are com osed of munici al and medicare hos itals which ha.e facilities and ca abilities for first contact emergency care and hos itali$ation of sim le cases% 3% Secondary Level Hospitals consist of district hos itals with ca abilities and facilities for medical care of cases re8uiring hos itali$ation% 7% Tertiary Level Hospitals are s eciali$ed centers' regional hos itals' medical centers' ro.incial or general hos itals% 4. Special Tertiary Level Hospitals are fully e8ui ed with so histicated diagnostic and thera eutic facilities for s ecific medical roblem areas%

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