Meguro Language Center

BP2-01 (201002)

Topic marker
(1) Topic (as for, explanation)

(2) Contrast









Subject marker
(1) Specify

(2) Unknown subject
Q:
(3)
A:
(4) New information

(5) There is/are ..., Description structure

(6) have/has structure

(7) + adj.


(8)
(9) + potential verb


(10) but

(11) Preliminary

(1) Object marker

No particle
(2) Leaving

(3) Go through

(1) ! Indirect object marker (receiver of the action)

(2) ! to (goal, direction, location or target toward which the action or motion progress (to))
[place] + [direction verb]

(3) " Location in/at which something exists, residences
[place] + [existence verb]

(4) "Specific time

(5)

leaving
[place] action
(6) work for
ABC
(7) Purpose

(8) per

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Meguro Language Center BP2-01 (201002)

(1) By means of (using)

(2) Group

(3) Location in/at which the action occurs or is done.
[place] + [action]
(4)

(5) [place] (event, accident)
MLC
! to, towards (direction)

(1) from (beginning point in time or place, origin)

(2) Reason marker, [reason] +


(1) until (up to and including)
(2) to

by (time)


(1) Possessive marker

(2) ...s, of (belonging to)

(3) Apposition (belonging to)
(3) hyphen


(1) [noun] and [noun]

(2) With


and (etc.)


(1) Question marker

(2) or


(1) also, too, as well as









(2) ( etc.) ++neg.

Asking for agreement; agreement (sharing emotion)

Telling; giving information


around (time)

time

about (quantity/time)

quantity

time

any...+ [OK]
...st; ...nd; ...rd; ...th

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