Celia Garcia 1.

List some of the advantages of westward expansion for the United States Lessen population pressures, created new markets and expanded farmland 2. The belief that God intended the U.S. to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean was known as what? Manifest Destiny 3. What was the relationship between the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad and the Plains Indians? Railroads increased western settlement by making travel easy. Also stimulated urban growth causing Plain Indians to move. 4. Define the Morrill Act Federal law that gave land to western states to build agricultural and engineering colleges 5. What were some of the reasons for the increased settlement of the West? Land had grown expensive and difficult to obtain. For African Americans it offered a chance to escape violence. Farmers searched for fertile soil. 6. What was the relationship between cattle drives and the development of cities in the West? After a cattle drive they would end at a city where brokers bought the cattle. These cities were known as cattle towns. The town grew with the cattle benefits 7. What was the Dawes General Allotment Act? Legislation that required American Indians lands to be surveyed and gave Indian families allotments of 160 acres with the remaining land sold; resulted in the loss of of American Indian land 8. How did the U.S. government attempt to assimilate American Indians into white culture? The government established American Indian schools. Forced American Indians to become farmers. And placed the General Allotment act 9. Cities such as Gary Indiana and Pittsburgh Penn. were positively impacted by what industrial process? Steel manufacturing 10. What happened to American Indians that agreed to go to reservation? Government didnt keep their promise to the American Indians so they had to suffer. 11. What is the difference between a corporation and a small business? Corporation is a company that sells shares of ownership called stocks to investors to raise money. Small businesses do not sell stocks 12. What is the difference between a monopoly and a trust? Monopoly is exclusive economic control of an industry. A trust is an arrangement grouping several companies under a single board of directions to eliminate competition and to regulate production. 13. What is the Laissez-faire capitalism? Supporters of Laissez-faire capitalism do not want the government to be involved in business matters 14. What is social Darwinism?

The theory that individuals groups and people are subjected to the same laws of natural selection 15. Describe working and living conditions for most workers in the late 1800s Working in a factory was dangerous. Workers repeated dull tasks day after day with no protective equipment and low wages 16. Why did the Sherman Antitrust Act fail? The law failed to define what constituted a monopoly or trust and thus provided difficult to enforce. 17. Identify and describe the various inventions that allowed urban centers expand vertically Steel, oil, railroads, horseless carriage, airplanes, telegraphs, telephones, and typewriters 18. What caused urban areas to grow from 1865 to 1900? A new flows of immigration where farmers produced less profit and urban industrialization increased 19. Explain problems that developed in urban neighborhoods due to industralization Housing shortages, rising cost of rent, diseases, prostitution and dark renement development. 20. Why did most immigrants during the period of industrialization settle in eastern cities? Because they were european and therefore arrives in New York 21. Why was the invention of electricity so important in the development of factories? Because it was cheaper, faster , more flexible, and it allowed machine tools to be arranged more effectively 22. List some reasons why new immigrants came to the United States To escape, poverty, persecution and horrible living 23. What was done at the immigration station at Ellis Island? A physical exam 24. Define three push factors that motivated immigration to the united states from 1865-1920 Religious persecution, decline of agriculture and low wages 25. Explain where and describe who went through the two main Immigrant stations Ellis island for European immigrants and Angel island for asians 26. Describe the populist movement A variety of reform initiatives associated with popular sentiment. western farmers 27. Progressives sought to do what? Trying to reform American Institutions while preserving ideals of the past. Promoting Welfare 28. Explain how and why did the Pure Food and Drug Act get passed? To protect the consumer and forbid the manufacture, sale or transportation of harmful food and patent medicine. 29. Define and describe Susan B. Antony her influence on the passage of the 19th amendment Making many efforts to get state legislatures to grant women voting rights which caused the votes of four states 30. What legislations were passed to make the government more responsive the the peoples needs?

17th amendment, initiative, referendum and reform 31. List the progressive era amendments to the U.S. constitution and explain each The 16th amendment - the taft administration allowing Congress to levy taxes The 17th amendment - gave the power to voters so they can vote directly The 18th amendment- banned alcohol beverages The 19th amendment - granted womens suffrage 32. What were referendums, initiatives, and the recall designed to do? Give voters the power to initiate legislation, power to veto the measure and the power to remove an elected official from office 33. Who was W.E.B. Du Bois? An African American supporter of civil rights and racial equality. Co-founder of NAACP and editor of the crisis 34. Why did America want to become an imperial power? To maintain its economic and military strength and to spread its political system and Christianity worldwide. 35. What events contributed to American support for the U.S. involvement in Cuba? The USS Maine incident, the adoption of the Teller amendment, the Philippine Gov. Act 36. Who were the Rough Riders made up of? College athletes,cowboys, American Indians and ranchers 37. What were some of the outcomes of the Spanish American War? Spain giving up Cuba, ceding Puerto Rico and Guam to the US, and giving up Philippine control for 20 million from the U.S. and 5400 soldiers dying 38. What caused the U.S. to become an imperial power? Gaining control of Puerto Rico and Guam as well as overseas territories 39. Why was Roosevelt willing to support the Monroe Doctrine? Because the European powers were obligated to respect the WH as the U.S. Sphere of interest 40. List some issues that affected the construction of the Panama Canal? Harsh working conditions, shortages of labor and materials and yellow fever 41. How did the swamp conditions within Panama create problems with building the Panama canal? Causing diseases such as malaria and yellow fever 42. What were four causes of WWI? Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, and alliances (M.A.I.N.E) 43. Who were the Allied powers in 1914? Britain, France, and Russia 44. Who were the Central powers in 1914? Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria 45. What was trench warfare? A WWI military strategy of defending a position by fighting the protection of deep ditches. 46. Explain the various events that led to US involvement in WWI? When the British navy blockade Germany, and Lusitania and Arabic sinkings 47. How was the U.S. contributing the Allies before entering WWI? Through banks who lent millions to Britain and France and through trade with allies

48. Explain why in 1917 President Wilson supported involvement in WWI Because of submarine warfare and the Zimmermann note. 49. What were the responsibilities of the War Industry board? Regulating industrial production and distribution, allocating scarce materials, establishing productions priorities and selling prices. 50. Define Communism and give an example of how it affected WWI A political theory that proposes that all people should collectively own property. 51. Explain Wilson's 14 points and the Treaty of Versailles A program for World peace that dealt with self-determination various territorial disputes from the war, secret diplomacy the arms race , violations of freedom of the seal, trade barriers and the establishment of the league of nations. 52. Explain the War-Guilt Clause An article in the TOV which stated that germany accepted full responsibility of WWI 53. The rejection of the Treaty of Versailles reflected a return to what American foreign policy? Isolationism 54. How did the U.S. try to isolate itself from European conflicts after WWI? By curbing international trade and imposing tariffs to exclude foreign goods. refused to approve the treaty of Versailles. 55. Compare and contrast the foreign policies of presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson Big Stick policy - wanting to manage any conflict in Latin American affairs The Dollar Diplomacy - Preferring economic authority over small governments Moral policy- promoting national morality 56. What was the Harding administrations view of big business? Less government in business, more business in government high tariffs on imports 57. Why did African American move north? For a free and better life with job opportunities and no discrimination 58. What did the Ku Klux Klan do? Terrorized the African Americans in the south so that they wouldn't be able to use their rights as Americans 59. What was the goal of the Pan- African movement? To unite people of African descent worldwide as an independent nation 60. What was the Lost Generation and who are some of its members? A group of writers whose works reflected the horrors of the death and destruction of WWI and criticized consumerism and superficiality in American society 61. What did the 18th amendment do? The banning of manufacturing, sale or transportation of liquors in the U.S. 62. During the 1920s this was the nation's biggest business? Automobiles 63. What did the assembly line do? Speedy, good productions in factories, reductions in car prices, and automobile industry expansion 64. List some effects of the Red Scare Establishment of a communist government based in Marxist teachings and the

discrimination of immigrants. 65. Which movement originated among African Americans musicians of the South? Harlem renaissance 66. What was the mindset of many Americans during the Red scare? Refusing to support violent overthrow of the government believing that all radicals and labor activists were Bolshevik agents who wanted to overthrow U.S. government 67. Define Nativism The favoring of native-born Americans over foreign born residents 68. Explain the connection between the strong feeling of individuality and fashion of the flapper. Young women who exercised new freedom in how they dressed and acted, seeking economic independence 69. What was the purpose of the New Deal? To help the US economy during the Great Depression through banking, relief for the need, agricultural recovery, fighting discrimination and gaining rights. 70. Where did the Dust Bowl occur and what were its effects? A severe drought in the Great Plains regions in the 1930s making dust everywhere and buying little farms and blackening towns