What Happens When We Sleep?

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What Happens When We Sleep?

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Sleep Ensures Health

Sleep restores your body tissues and facilitates body growth Sleep increases immunity to disease Sleep keeps your mind alert Sleep helps learning and memory Sleep enhances your mood
Can you learn while you sleep? What are some things you do to encode information?

What Happens When We Sleep?

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Waking Total Daily Sleep

REM Sleep

Non-REM Sleep

1-15 Days

3-5 Months

6-23 Months

2-3 Years

3-5 Years

5-9 Years

10-13 Years

14-18 Years

19-30 Years

33-45 Years

50 Years

90 Years

What Happens When We Sleep?

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12

What Happens When We Sleep?

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What Happens When We Sleep?

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Visiting Team Flies East Wins 37% of Games Visiting Team Flies West Wins 44% of Games

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1 Sleep Slow-wave Sleep (Stage 3 and Stage 4 Sleep) Stage 2

Theta Spindles Waves Prominent Progressively More Delta Waves (Stage 4 Shown) Sleep and Mixed EEG Activity
Theta Spindle Waves Sleep

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Time REM

Wakefulness Stage1 Stage 2 Stage 3

Stage 4

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REM
As the night progresses, we spend less time in slow-wave sleep and more in REM Active stage but body becomes relaxed Dreams are most easily recalled Why do we have REM?
Memory processing? Better concentration? REM Rebound

Time Wakefulness Stage1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 REM

Dreams

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We dream about what we know

Freud: dreams allow us to express fears and sexual and aggressive drives without censorship Continuity theory: dreams cope with daily problems Memory theory: dreams consolidate information TST: experience threatening situations so that we rehearse our responses Activation-synthesis: neural impulses integrate familiar images and stories

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Which of the following is not characteristic of REM sleep? A. Rapid Eye Movements B. Paralysis of Body musculature C. Shortening periods as the night progresses D. Increased heart rate

Drug Use Ages 12 and Over in 2008

100

100% 85% 82.3% 65.1%

80

60

51.6% 41%
40

28.4%
20

14.7% 6.1% 0.7%

Cocaine

0 Caffeine Alcohol Cigarettes Marijuana

1.5%0.2%
Heroin

Currently Uses Drugs

Ever Used Drugs

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub_a2t0 ZfTs

25

Percent Using In Past Year

21.2%
20

19.5% 16.9% 14.4% 13.3% 12.3% 7.4%

15

10

0 White Black or African American American Indian or Alaska Native Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Asian Two or more races Hispanic or Latino

Ethnic Group

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What Happens When We Sleep?

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What Happens When We Sleep?

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BAC

Typical Effects

.02-.03 .04-.06 .07-.09 .10-.125 .13-.15 .16-.20 .25 .30 .35 .40+

Onset euphoria Slight Feelings Significant Gross Anxiety, Severely Stupor; Possible of motor little restlessness, coma. of coma; impaired impairment well-being, well-being; comprehension impairment and possible physical loss sadness; of relaxation, slight of and death motor shyness; and of impairment lack whereabouts; due coordination; mental nausea of and to physical light-headedness. respiratory lowered abilities; and of balance, vomiting; control; loss inhibitions; increased arrest. of speech, judgment; consciousness. blurred feeling risk vision vision, dazed Depressant minor reaction slowed and of injury major confused; impairment thinking; by time, loss falls effects and blackouts. of or slurred balance; of hearing; accidents. of reasoning alcohol speech; severely reduced are and impairment not memory; impaired judgment yet apparent. of lowered judgment. and balance, self-control; alertness. Feelings vision, of impairedtime, reaction well-being reasoning are and reduced. hearing. and memory.

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What Happens When We Sleep?

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Narcotics

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Drugs

Risk of Physical Dependence

High

Risk of Psychological Dependence

High

Fatal Overdose Potential

High

Narcotics (Opiates)

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Amphetamines Cocaine

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Drugs

Risk of Physical Dependence

Moderate

Risk of Psychological Dependence

High

Fatal Overdose Potential

Moderate to High

Stimulants

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oeF6rFN 9org

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Examples of Dream Theory Homework Answers

Freud
Manifest content: walking down a dark hallway; repeatedly stumbling and dropping keys; riding a flying telephone pole Latent content: fear of getting lost or fear of darkness Sexual frustrations

Continuity
In real life, she constantly trips and looses her keys

Memory
She actually dropped her keys today She actually tripped over an object or her own feet today Witnessed an accident where someone ran into a telephone pole

Threat Simulation
Being chased by an attacker or robber on the way to your car

Activation-synthesis
Aroused brain picked familiar images Takes the subway everyday Clumsiness