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Quantitative and Qualitative  AnalysesNew Media, Technology andInternet Use in Indian Country 
 Written by
Traci L. Morris, Ph.D.
 Policy and Program Analyst Native Public Media  
Sascha D. Meinrath
Director, Open Technology Initiative New America Foundation
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
New
 
Media,
 
Technology
 
and
 
Internet
 
Use
 
in
 
Indian
 
Country:
 
Quantitative
 
and
 
Qualitative
 
Analyses
 
Contents
 
E
XECUTIVE
 
S
UMMARY
 
........................................................................................................................................
 
4
 
I
NTRODUCTION
 
.................................................................................................................................................
 
4
 
P
URPOSE
 
OF
 
S
TUDY
 
...........................................................................................................................................
 
8
 
P
ART
 
I.
 
N
EW
 
M
EDIA
,
 
T
ECHNOLOGY
 
AND
 
I
NTERNET
 
U
SE
 
IN
 
I
NDIAN
 
C
OUNTRY
:
 
UANTITATIVE
 
A
NALYSIS
 
S
URVEY
 
..............
 
9
 
P
ART
 
II.
 
N
EW
 
M
EDIA
,
 
T
ECHNOLOGY
 
AND
 
I
NTERNET
 
U
SE
 
IN
 
I
NDIAN
 
C
OUNTRY
:
 
UALITATIVE
 
C
ASE
 
S
TUDY
 
A
NALYSIS
........
 
28
 
K
EYS
 
TO
 
S
UCCESS
 
.......................................................................................................................................
 
35
 
C
ONCLUSIONS
,
 
P
OLICY
 
I
MPLICATIONS
 
AND
 
F
URTHER
 
R
ESEARCH
 
..........................................................................
 
36
 
C
ASE
 
S
TUDIES
 
.................................................................................................................................................
 
46
 
A
SSINIBOINE
 
(N
AKOTA
)
 
AND
 
G
ROS
 
V
ENTRE
 
OR
 
A
H
 
A
H
 
N
EE
 
N
IN
 
.............................................................................
 
46
 
L
AC
 
C
OURTE
 
O
REILLES
 
B
AND
 
OF
 
O
JIBWE
 
.............................................................................................................
 
47
 
C
OEUR
 
D’A
LENE
 
..............................................................................................................................................
 
49
 
C
ONFEDERATED
 
T
RIBES
 
OF
 
THE
 
C
OLVILLE
 
R
ESERVATION
 
.........................................................................................
 
51
 
L
EECH
 
L
AKE
 
....................................................................................................................................................
 
53
 
S
OUTHERN
 
C
ALIFORNIA
 
T
RIBAL
 
D
IGITAL
 
V
ILLAGE
 
..................................................................................................
 
54
 
A
PPENDIX
 
I
 
.....................................................................................................................................................
 
56
 
A
PPENDIX
 
II
 
....................................................................................................................................................
 
58
 
This
 
work
 
is
 
licensed
 
under
 
the
 
Creative
 
Commons
 
Attribution
Noncommercial
No
 
Derivative
 
Works
 
3.0
 
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States
 
License.
 
To
 
view
 
a
 
copy
 
of 
 
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license,
 
visit
 
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
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or
 
send
 
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Commons,
 
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Francisco,
 
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94105,
 
USA.
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
2
 
Acknowledgements
 
Founded
 
in
 
2004,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
(NPM)
 
has
 
established
 
itself 
 
as
 
the
 
national
 
leader
 
in
 
advocating
 
for
 
policies
 
and
 
regulations
 
that
 
will
 
encourage
 
the
 
expansion
 
and
 
strengthening
 
of 
 
Native
 
voices
 
through
 
media
 
and
 
platforms
 
that
 
are
 
community
based,
 
local,
 
and
 
democratic.
 
NPM’s
 
mission
 
is
 
to
 
 promote
 
healthy,
 
engaged,
 
independent 
 
Native
 
communities
 
by 
 
strengthening
 
and 
 
expanding
 
Native
 
 American
 
media
 
capacity 
 
and 
 
by 
 
empowering
 
a
 
strong,
 
 proud 
 
Native
 
 American
 
voice
.
 
With
 
a
 
proactive
 
program
 
of 
 
policy
 
analysis,
 
representation
 
and
 
advocacy,
 
NPM
 
works
 
to
 
secure
 
a
 
voice
 
for
 
Native
 
America
 
among
 
policy
making
 
bodies
 
and
 
within
 
the
 
media
 
democracy
 
movement.
 
At
 
the
 
national
 
level,
 
NPM
 
is
 
aggressively
 
advocating
 
for
 
ubiquitous
 
open
 
broadband
 
and
 
for
 
the
 
full
 
consideration
 
of 
 
Native
 
America
 
in
 
FCC
 
spectrum
 
and
 
resource
 
allocation
 
decisions.
 
At
 
the
 
tribal
 
level,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
provides
 
vital
 
training
 
and
 
assistance
 
to
 
established
 
and
 
emerging
 
media
 
outlets,
 
advocates
 
for
 
new
 
technology
 
deployment
 
and
 
works
 
to
 
mobilize
 
Native
 
Nation
 
involvement
 
in
 
the
 
field
 
of 
 
media
 
democracy
 
and
 
reform.
 
With
 
the
 
support
 
and
 
guidance
 
of 
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Indian
 
Country
 
has
 
a
 
voice
 
at
 
a
 
critical
 
moment
 
in
 
the
 
evolution
 
of 
 
media
 
in
 
America
.
 
Gathering
 
this
 
important
 
data
 
by
 
far
 
has
 
been
 
among
 
the
 
most
 
rewarding
 
tasks
 
we
 
have
 
undertaken
 
at
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media.
 
The
 
data
 
collection
 
process
 
involved
 
extensive
 
visits
 
by
 
the
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
staff 
 
into
 
several
 
tribal
 
communities,
 
vetting
 
and
 
norming
 
of 
 
the
 
survey
 
instrument,
 
countless
 
consultation
 
with
 
experts
 
at
 
the
 
New
 
America
 
Foundation
 
and
 
others,
 
and
 
extensive
 
interviews
 
with
 
individuals
 
on
 
the
 
ground.
 
This
 
groundbreaking
 
endeavor
 
could
 
not
 
have
 
been
 
done
 
without
 
the
 
explicit
 
assistance
 
and
 
involvement
 
of 
 
the
 
following
 
team:
 
 
Traci
 
Morris,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Policy
 
and
 
Program
 
Analyst
 
 
Sascha
 
Meinrath,
 
New
 
America
 
Foundation,
 
Director
 
of 
 
the
 
Open
 
Technology
 
Initiative
 
 
Loris
 
Ann
 
Taylor,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Executive
 
Director
 
 
Carol
 
Pierson,
 
President
 
and
 
CEO,
 
National
 
Federation
 
of 
 
Community
 
Broadcasters
 
 
Daniel
 
Meredith,
 
Technologist,
 
New
 
America
 
Foundation
 
 
James
 
Losey,
 
Program
 
Associate,
 
New
 
America
 
Foundation
 
 
Benjamin
 
Lennett,
 
Senior
 
Policy
 
Analyst,
 
New
 
America
 
Foundation
 
 
Camille
 
Lacapa,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Network
 
Services
 
Manager
 
 
Carolyn
 
Caton,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Director
 
of 
 
Resource
 
and
 
Program
 
Development
 
 
Joshua
 
Breitbart,
 
People’s
 
Production
 
House
 
 
Geoffrey
 
Blackwell,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media
 
Advisory
 
Council
 
Chair
 
 
Peggy
 
Berryhill,
 
Native
 
Public
 
Media,
 
Director
 
of 
 
Program
 
Services
 
Special
 
Acknowledgments:
 
Interviewees
 
 
Valerie
 
Fasthorse
 
 
Ann
 
Marchand
 
 
Matthew
 
Rantanen
 

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