Wood Pellet

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LANGE
Grinding specialists Pelleting specialists
Criteri a for a succesful
wood pelleting plant
By:
Peter H.D. Lange
Sales manager CPM/Europe
Grinding specialists
Pelleting specialists
High performance Low cost maintenance Maximum safet y
Industrial productionof woodpellets
Why? Reasons for pelleting
What? Raw materials
How? The process
How much? Cost per ton-investment cost
What? Final product
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LANGE
Why biomass pell eting?
Pellets are:
Dust free:
reducing dust explosion potential
minimizing particle emission
Uniform:
more efficient control of combustion
Free flowing:
facilitating material handling and rate of flow
control
Increased bulk density:
more BTUs per volume unit
economic storage and transportation.
Wood has 50-60% water
Dried waste specific weight 0.15 kg/l
Pellets specific weight 0.65 kg/l
Raw material sources
WET
Chips/dust-waste from sawmills
Chipped trees
Special energy crops
Size ??
Moisture content usually 50-60%
Chips sawdust
Picture removed
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Dry mat eri al
Fines from cutting / Sanding / Machining dried planks
Shavings or saw dust
Chipped waste from processing (of cuts)
Moisture content usually 6 12%
Hardwood -soft wood
Softwood -pine
-spruce
Hardwood -Beech
-Oak
-Gum tree
Hardwood usually waste from furniture industry (dry, clean, uniform)
Hardwood is less forgiving
Mix 70%-30%
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Logs are cut in the sawmill
Wet waste
Dirty (bark) -boiler fuel
Clean -can be used
Dry waste (after the kiln drying)
Shavings
Saw dust
Off cuts
Waste wood
Used pallets
Window frames / doors from
destruction of buildings
Moisture content
usually 8 12%
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LANGE
Oversize product is shredded
Product is passing hand
picking line
Chips are ground
Champion hammer mill with 75
kW producing approx 4 t/h
Chips in..
saw dust out
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The challenge
From waste
.to fuel
Biomass applications
Wood
sewage sludge
RDF
Coal
Sunfl ower hull s
Bagasse
Peat
Meat and bone meal
Others
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LANGE
Conclusion raw materials
WOOD
Clean
Right particle size
Correct mixture
Dry or dried
Drying, grindi ng, pell eting
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Dryers
Drum dryer
High temperature
Gas, oil or solid fuel (wood, coal)
Wood burners are expensive
Different retention time for different
particle size
Dryers
Belt dryer
Low temperature (80-95 degrees C)
Energy source is hot water from
boiler
Boiler can use any type of fuel
Easy to controll
All particle get the same treatment
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LANGE
The CPM technology
A Pelletmill compresses mealy or powdery
materials through a ring die into A-class granules.
Pr i mar y
Destr ucti on
Zone
Accel er ati on Zone
Ful l
Hammer
Ti p
Speed
Zone
Contact Poi nt
"Regr i nd Chamber "
"Fl ow Di r ector "
Grinding-pelleting
Pelleting process
SAWDUST BACK TO
COOLER ASPIRATION AND HAMMER MILL ASSIST
HAMMERMILL
SCREWCONVEYOR
1.30
FILE: FLOWDIAGRAM 1A
DATE: 19-J ULY-2002
1.20
HAMMER
FINES
ASSIST
HAMMER
MILL
AIR
ASSIST
MILL
AIR
FINES
PRODUCT
WATER ADDITION
PROCESS
MILL
PELLET
MIXER
FEEDER
5.10
4.10
RAWMATERIAL
BELT MAGNET
INPUT
DOSING SCREW
1.10
1.40
1.60
SAWDUST CONVEYOR
1.50
6.30
6.20
ASPIRATION
COOLER
HAMMER
AIR ASSIST
MILL
6.40
WATER ANDSTEAM
RIPENING MIXER
MIXER
ADDITION
2.10
3.10
FINISHED PRODUCT
PELLETS CONVEYOR
COOLER
COUNTERFLOW
7.10
SIEVE
6.10
PELLETS CONVEYOR
CPM FLOW DIAGRAM PELLETING INSTALLATION
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Grinding
Champion hammermills:
Robust heavy duty grinders
Wear cost extremely low
Around 0,05 per ton
depending on sand content
Pr imar y
Dest r uct ion
Zone
Acceler at ion Zone
Full
Hammer
Tip
Speed
Zone
Cont act Point
"Regr ind Chamber "
" Flow Dir ect or "
Ripening / Conditioning
415
[1]
[2]
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LANGE
Advantage:
Homogenizes the raw
material
Gives the possibility to add
more water if needed
Reduces energy
consumption up to 10%
Higher capacity
RIPENING AND MIXING BIN AS KEY ELEMENT
415
Ripening / Conditioning
Raw material is pell eted
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The CPM pellet mills
Model 7900 pel let mill s
7930-4 with 250 or 315 kW
Capacity 4 5 t/h
Dies and rollers
Special roller design for
wood applications
Dies designed to withstand
pelletingforces
Wear cost for pelletingapprox. 1 per ton,
depending of type of wood and sand content
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Cooling and sifting
Low / no maintenance
Low energy consumption
Cooling the pellets to
facilitate storage
Energy consumpti on
Total
+/- 85 kWh/t
Various
2,5 kWh/t
Cooling
2,5 kWh/t
Pelleting
60 kWh/t
Grinding
15 kWh/t
Transport
5 kWh/t
Its all about cost per ton!!
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LANGE
Its all about cost per ton!!
Optimum size for a product ion line
Investment per ton per hour
Operatingcost per ton
Labour cost
Technical limitations
Practical limitations
RELATIONINVESTMENTTO PRODUCTIONCAPACITY
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
1 5 15 30
PRODUCTIONSIZE INT/H
I
N
V
E
S
T
M
E
N
T

P
E
R

T
O
N
P
R
O
D
U
C
T
IO
N

C
A
P
A
C
I
T
Y
I
N

E
U
R
O
euro/ton
tph
RELATION INVESTMENT TO PRODUCTION CAPACITY
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
1 5 15 30
PRODUCTION SIZE IN T/H
T
O
T
A
L

I
N
V
E
S
T
M
E
N
T

I
N

E
U
R
O
pelleting
grinding
conditioning
cooling
sifting
controlls andelectrical
installation
transport, bins,
installationand
engineering
Figures are for comparison only
Operating cost per ton
operating cost per t on
0
10
20
30
40
1 5 15 30
t on per hour
e
u
r
o
operator
consumables &
maintenance
energy (electrical)
Operating cost per ton.
Electrical, consumables and
Maintenance;
Around7,- to 9,- per ton.
Operator cost depending on
capaci ty and country!
A 20 euro/hour operator can
make 1 t/h or 15 t/h
20/1 =20 ,- euro/ton
20/15 = 1,33 euro/ton
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Final product
Domest ic use
6 / 8 mm: household stoves
High quality pellets -norm
DIN norm
Ash content
Pellet length
Energy level: 4,8 kWh/kg
Compared to Oil: 1 ltr oil =2
kg Wood pellets
Tracking and tracing
Pellets are encoded to indicate pellet
producer and production batch,
assuring quality standards.
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bagged and packed
.. Or in bul k..
Final destination of the pellets
Picture removed
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LANGE
Final product
Industrial use
8 10 mm
Power plants-City heating systems-Hospitals
Specific weight more important than pellet quality
Higher ash content acceptable
Particle size may be important
Team up with the specialists
Team up wit h CPM
Knowledge
Experience
Global network
Low operating cost
Reliable equipment
24 x 7 x 52
Come see us at Victamstand C100 hall 7
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LANGE
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Any ???

Wood Pellet

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