Lecture 2

PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
PHYS1171 - Forces and Motion
Lecture 2 - Newtons Laws
A/Prof Tim McIntyre
The University of Queensland
Semester 1, 2014
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Contact Details
A/Prof Tim McIntyre
3365 3423
t.mcintyre@uq.edu.au
By appointment
Room 325
Building 6
Physics Annex
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Study Expectations
Consult Blackboard for
class details
Do the pre-reading
(5 Min Phys)
Attend class
Attempt tutorial and
supplementary questions
(textbook)
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Where to get help
Me Friends
Tutor
Facebook
PHYS1171
Sem 1, 2014
Physics Learning Centre (PLC)
12.30-1.30 pm
Weekdays (from Week 2)
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Exam Questions (for my part)
Concepts - Explain how
the body transfers heat
to the surrounds...
Problem solving -
Calculate the speed of
blood through a
constricted artery
given...
Not a memory test -
formula sheet provided!
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Using your Keepad Clicker
Setting the channel:
Press & release GO button
Light ashes red & green, enter channel number (41)
Press & release the GO button
Light should turn green to conrm
When answering a question:
Click a number (from those available!)
Can change your selection (i.e. click a dierent number)
Green ash - answer received
Orange ash - no question available or no receiver
Red ash - failed, probably wrong channel
No ash - battery dead. See the library ASAP
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Using your Keepad Clicker
Clicker registration:
Assessable Reading Quiz questions
Regular non-assessable quiz questions
Clicker identied by 6 digit hex code - e.g. 0D8AEF (on
back)
Enter this number only through the Clicker Blackboard
quiz by end Week 3.
Progress scores will be posted on Blackboard
To change your clicker, e-mail Tim McIntyre
(t.mcintyre@uq.edu.au) with the new clicker number and
your full student number - dont overwrite the old number
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Technology Test
My primary degree is
1 Science
2 Biomedical Sciences
3 Human Movement Studies
4 Biotechnology
5 Food Technology
6 Engineering
7 Arts
8 IT
9 Other
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Technology Test
Im enrolled in this course because (please select the most
appropriate)
1 Im interested in Physics and would like to learn more
2 I think it will be useful for my degree
3 Im trying to improve my GPA
4 Im taking this course to help me get into medicine
5 I didnt take Physics at High School and need this course
before continuing in Engineering
6 Its a compulsory course for my degree
7 Some other reason
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Technology Test
I studied Physics in High School
1 Yes
2 No
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Technology Test
Ive taken (or am taking) SCIE1000
1 Yes
2 No - but I am enrolled in the BSc
3 No - Im not enrolled in the BSc
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Motion - Types
Motion with constant acceleration (or force)
Circular motion with
acceleration/force towards a central
point
Simple harmonic motion (restoring force)
Other motion under a changing force
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Lecture 2 - Newtons Laws
Todays lecture covers
What is a force?
Newtons Laws
Free-body diagrams
Preparation
Read Five Minute Physics -
Lecture 2 - Introduction to Forces
Reference
Biological Physics (2010), Section 2.1, 2.2
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
What is a force?
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
The forces on the object are . . .
Voyager 1 (artists rendition).
Image courtesy
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
The forces on the object are . . .
Space Shuttle Discovery in orbit.
Image courtesy NASA
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
The forces on the object are . . .
Apollo Command Module re-entering the atmosphere
(artists rendition)
Image courtesy NASA
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
The forces on the object are . . .
Tim sliding
Image courtesy of Tim
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
The forces on the object are . . .
Tims forearm
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Reading Quiz (assessed)
In describing motion, which of the following statements is
false?
1 The unit of force is N (= newton)
2 Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces
3 An object in motion will slow down unless
acted on by an external force
4 Newtons Second Law says acceleration is
force divided by mass
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Newtons Laws
Set of laws that dene force . . .
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/PictDisplay/Newton.html
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Question...
The earth and the moon attract each other due to gravitational
forces. How do the magnitude of these forces compare?
1 The earth exerts a bigger force
on the moon
2 The moon exerts a bigger force
on the earth
3 The forces are equal
4 The forces are zero because they
cancel out
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Force
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Newtons Third Law
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Reading Quiz (assessed)
Dynamic equilibrium of a body means
1 The body is falling only under the inuence of
gravity
2 The body is moving but has no net force
acting on it
3 The body is balanced but rocking back and
forth
4 The body satises the requirements of
Newtons Third Law.
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Question...
A book is lying on a table. The book will remain there at rest
because
1 There is a net force but the book is too heavy
to move
2 There are no forces acting on it at all
3 It does move, but too slowly to be seen
4 There is no net force on the book
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Question...
A penguin slides on ice at a constant velocity. Which of the
following is true about the net force acting on the penguin?
1 The net force depends on the penguins weight
2 The net force is zero
3 The net force depends on the penguins speed
4 The net force depends on how rough the ice is
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Newtons First Law
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Question...
A force, F
1
is applied to a car with mass m
1
causing it to
accelerate at a rate a
1
. If I applied double the force to a car of
half the mass the acceleration a
2
would be
1 a
1
/4
2 a
1
/2
3 a
1
4 2a
1
5 4a
1
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
Lecture 2
PHYS1171
Overview
Introduction
Force
Newton
Summary
Summing Up
After this lecture you should . . .
Be able to identify and explain forces on an object
Understand and apply Newtons Laws
Be capable of drawing free-body diagrams
Supplementary Questions Biological Physics (2010)
Problems 2.1, 2.7, 2.8
Next lecture
Read Five Minute Physics -
Lecture 3 - Resolving Forces
Exam tip . . .
PHYS1171 Lecture 2
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1 Sclence 2 8lomedlcal
Sclences
3 Puman
MovemenL
SLudles
4 8loLechnology 3 lood
1echnology
6 Lnglneerlng 7 ArLs 8 l1 9 CLher
My prlmary degree ls
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13
20
23
30
33
40
43
1 l'mlnLeresLed ln
hyslcs and would llke
Lo learn more
2 l Lhlnk lL wlll be useful
for my degree
3 l'mLrylng Lo lmprove
my CA
4 l'mLaklng Lhls course
Lo help me geL lnLo
medlclne
3 l dldn'L Lake hyslcs
aL Plgh School and
need Lhls course before
conunulng ln
Lnglneerlng
6 lL's a compulsory
course for my degree
7 Some oLher reason
l'm enrolled ln Lhls course because (please selecL Lhe mosL approprlaLe)
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80
1 ?es 2 no
l sLudled hyslcs ln Plgh School
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30
1 ?es 2 no - buL l amenrolled ln Lhe 8Sc 3 no - l'mnoL enrolled ln Lhe 8Sc
l've Laken (or am Laklng) SClL1000
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1 1he unlL of force ls n (= newLon) 2 CravlLy ls one of Lhe four fundamenLal
forces
3 An ob[ecL ln mouon wlll slow down
unless acLed on by an exLernal force
4 newLon's Second Law says accelerauon
ls force dlvlded by mass
Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs ls false?
!
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40
30
60
1 1he earLh exerLs a blgger force on Lhe
moon
2 1he moon exerLs a blgger force on Lhe
earLh
3 1he forces are equal 4 1he forces are zero because Lhey cancel
ouL
1he earLh and Lhe moon auracL each oLher due Lo gravlLauonal forces. Pow
do Lhe magnlLude of Lhese forces compare?
0
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20
30
40
30
60
70
80
90
1 1he earLh exerLs a blgger force on Lhe
moon
2 1he moon exerLs a blgger force on Lhe
earLh
3 1he forces are equal 4 1he forces are zero because Lhey cancel
ouL
1he earLh and Lhe moon auracL each oLher due Lo gravlLauonal forces. Pow
do Lhe magnlLude of Lhese forces compare? (repeaL)
!
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40
30
60
70
80
1 1he body ls falllng only under Lhe
lnuence of gravlLy
2 1he body ls movlng buL has no neL force
acung on lL
3 1he body ls balanced buL rocklng back
and forLh
4 1he body sauses Lhe requlremenLs of
newLon's 1hlrd Law.
uynamlc equlllbrlum of a body means
!
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1 1here ls a neL force buL Lhe book ls Loo
heavy Lo move
2 1here are no forces acung on lL aL all 3 lL does move, buL Loo slowly Lo be seen 4 1here ls no neL force on Lhe book
" #$$% &' ()&*+ $* , -,#(./ 01. #$$% 2&(( 3.4,&* -1.3. ,- 3.'- #.5,6'.
!
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1 1he neL force depends on Lhe penguln's
welghL
2 1he neL force ls zero 3 1he neL force depends on Lhe penguln's
speed
4 1he neL force depends on how rough
Lhe lce ls
A penguln slldes on lce aL a consLanL veloclLy. Whlch of Lhe followlng ls Lrue
abouL Lhe neL force acung on Lhe penguln?
!
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1 a1/4 2 a1/2 3 a1 4 2a1 3 4a1
A force, l1 ls applled Lo a car wlLh mass m1 causlng lL Lo acceleraLe aL a raLe
a1. lf l applled double Lhe force Lo a car of half Lhe mass Lhe accelerauon a2
would be
!
PHYS1171, Semester 1, 2014
Forces and Motion
Lecture 2

Answers to recommended textbook questions

2.1 (a) 49 N; (b) 49.6 N; (c) 49 N; (d) 48 N
2.7 (a) 0.018 N (upwards); (b) 1.98 N (upwards); (c) Same as (b) but downwards
2.8 (a) 420 N; (b) 9.5 times larger