DSE Chemistry Paper 2

by Dr. Samuel Chong

HKDSE
CHEMISTRY
PAPER II
by Dr. Samuel Chong
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
2
1. X reacts with Y to form Z according to the following equation :
2X(aq) + Y(aq) 2Z(aq)
Experiments were carried out to deduce the rate equation for the above reaction.
Rate = k[X(aq)][Y(aq)]
The exothermic reaction involves two steps, the rst step involves 1 mole of X(aq) and
1 mole of Y(aq) produces a mixture of 1 mole of Z(aq) and unreacted X(aq).
The activation energies of the rst step and second step are +30 kJ mol
-1
and
+60 kJ mol
-1
respectively.
(a) Draw a labeled energy prole for the above reaction.
(3 marks)
(b) Which step is the rate determining step? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
(c) (i) Dene the term molecularity.
(1 mark)
(ii) What is the molecularity of step one in the above reaction?
(1 mark)
Section A Industrial Chemistry
3
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
2. The rate constant of a reaction doubles when temperature is increased from 298 K to
308 K. Calculate the activation energy of the reaction.
(Given : Arrhenius equation is k = A exp(-E
a
/RT); gas constant R = 8.314 J K
-1
mol
-1
)
(2 marks)
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
4
3. Industrial products can be manufactured by the electrolysis of concentrated sodium
chloride solution in the following set-up :
(a) Name X and Y. Explain your answers with the aid of ionic half equations.
(6 marks)
(b) (i) What is Z if membrane is used as material A?
(1 mark)
(ii) What is Z if a diaphragm is used as material A? Explain your answer in
terms of the movement of ions through material A.
(3 marks)
(iii) Suggest an application for Z in (i).
(1 mark)
material A
anode cathode
brine
water
Z
X Y
used brine
END OF SECTION A
5
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
4. The structures of polyester and nylon are shown below:
(a) Draw the structures of monomers for polyester and nylon.
(4 marks)
(b) Name the type of polymerization for making the above polymers.
(1 mark)
(c) Explain why boxes used to store the above polymers with a label keep out of
acids.
(1 mark)
(d) Explain which polymer is more exible in terms of intermolecular forces formed
between polymer chains.
(3 marks)
Polyester
Nylon
O O
C CH
2
CH
2
C O O
n
O O H H
n
C C N N (CH
2
)
4
(CH
2
)
4
Section B Materials Chemistry
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
6
5. Different solid metals exhibit different types of crystalline structures.
(a) Draw unit cell of hexagonal close-packed structure and face-centred cubic
structure.
(2 marks)
(b) Suggest a metal each for hexagonal close-packed structure and face-centred cubic
structure.
(2 marks)
(c) State the coordination number of the atom in hexagonal close-packed
structure and face-centred cubic structure.
(2 marks)
(d) Compare the density of atoms of hexagonal close-packed structure, face-centred
cubic structure and body-centred cubic structure in terms of their packing
efciency of atoms.
(2 marks)
7
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
6. The following is a compound exhibits liquid-crystalline behavior.
(a) State THREE structural features of the compound that make it exhibit
liquid-crystalline behavior.
(3 marks)
(b) Explain how the strength of the compound is enhanced.
(1 mark)
(c) Explain why the following molecules do not exhibit liquid-crystalline behavior.
(i) CH
3
(CH
2
)
10
CH
3
(1 mark)
(ii) PbCl
4
2-
(1 mark)
CH
3
CH
2
O
C
C
6
H
13
H
N
END OF SECTION B
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
8
7. Suggest a chemical test to distinguish each of the following pairs of compounds. State the
expected observation of the reactions.
(c)
and
(2 marks)
COOH
C
H
O
Section C Analytical Chemistry
9
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
8. A sample of X is contaminated with Y. The sample is analyzed by paper chromatography.
The result is shown below :
Dilute sodium chloride solution and diethyl ether are used as mobile phase and
stationary phase respectively.
(a) Explain why the base line should be kept above the surface of the solvent.
(1 mark)
(b) Calculate the R
f
of X.
(2 marks)
(c) According to the above result, suggest a method to separate X and Y.
(1 mark)
(d) Assuming that the above sample contains an alcohol and an alkane, which one is
Y? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
solvent front
Spot X
Spot Y
base line
Dr. Samuel Chong CHEMISTRY TEAM Dr. Samuel Chong CHEM PAPER II
10
9. Compound X, with relative molecular mass of 134, has the following composition by
mass :
C: 80.60% H: 7.46% O: 11.94%
The mass spectrum and infrared spectrum of compound X are given below :
wavenumber / cm
-1
T
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
a
n
c
e


(
%
)
r
e
l
a
t
i
v
e

i
n
t
e
n
s
i
t
y
m/z
(a) Deduce the molecular formula of compound X.
(2 marks)
(b) With reference to the information of the spectra and the molecular formula
obtained in (a), deduce the structural formula of compound X.
(6 marks)
(c) Describe an experimental procedure to support the structure of compound X
deduced in (b).
(4 marks)
END OF SECTION C
END OF PAPER