The Brant Advocate, Issue 35, July/August 2014

BRANTFORD | SIX NATIONS | PARIS | ST. GEORGE | WWW.BRANTADVOCATE.
COM | FREE | AUGUST 2014

PRINT | TELEVISION | PODCAST | FACEBOOK | TWITTER
There's a train leavin'
nightly called When All
is Said and Done
~ Warren Zevon
P
h
o
t
o

C
o
u
r
t
e
s
y

o
f

I
d
a

A
d
a
m
o
w
i
c
z
BRANFORD'S ONL# GL!EN FREE
BAKER# & EAING ESABLISHMEN
BRAN NE"S READER'S CHOICE
%BES BAKER#&
""".SOPHIASBAKER#.CA
CORNER OF KING & COLBORNE
DO"NO"N BRANFORD
519.209.5606
DINE IN $ AKE O! $ CAERING
!ES-FRI 9-5 - SA 9-3 - CLOSED S!N / MON
WHATS HAPPENING
DOWNTOWN BRANTFORD?
Jul-24 Thursday Movie in the Square - Despicable Me 2 Dusk Harmony Square
Jul-25 Friday Tunes in the Park - Crystal Creek 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Jul-25 Friday Music in the Square - Don Norry 7:30PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-27 Sunday Chess in the Square Tournament 9:30AM - 5:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-28 Monday Children's Programming 12 noon - 1:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-28 Monday Brantford's Got Talent 6:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-29 Tuesday Yoga in the Square 7:15AM - 8:15AM Harmony Square
Jul-29 Tuesday Zumba in the Square 7:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-29 Tuesday Chess in the Square 12 noon - 2:30PM Harmony Square
Jul-30 Wednesday Zumba in the Square 12 noon -1:00PM Harmony Square
Jul-31 Thursday Movie in the Square - Smurfs 2 Dusk Harmony Square
Jul-31 Thursday Chess in the Square 12 noon - 2:30PM Harmony Square
Aug-01 Friday Tunes in the Park - David McKee 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Aug-01 Friday Music in the Square - Peeler 7:30PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-05 Tuesday Yoga in the Square 7:15AM - 8:15AM Harmony Square
Aug-05 Tuesday Chess in the Square 12 noon - 2:30PM Harmony Square
Aug-05 Tuesday Zumba in the Square 7:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-06 Wednesday Zumba in the Square 12 noon - 1:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-07 Thursday Junior Cake Boss' presented
by Sophia's Bakery & Caf 12 noon - 1:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-07 Thursday Chess in the Square 12 noon - 2:30PM Harmony Square
Aug-07 Thursday Movie in the Square
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 Dusk Harmony Square
Aug-08 Friday Tunes in the Park - Don Dunham 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Aug-08 Friday Music in the Square - Blue's Night
featuring Joe Poirier 7:00PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-11 Monday Children's Programming 12 noon - 1:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-11 Monday Brantford's Got Talent - QUARTER FINALS 6:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-14 Thursday Movie in the Square - Monsters University Dusk Harmony Square
Aug-15 Friday Tunes in the Park - The Piano Man 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Aug-15 Friday Music in the Square - 3 Sopranos 7:30PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-18 Monday Brantford's Got Talent - SEMI-FINALS 6:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-21 Thursday Movie in the Square - Frozen Dusk Harmony Square
Aug-22 Friday Tunes in the Park - Garry Munn 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Aug-22 Friday Music in the Square - Mo Vint 7:30PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-23 Saturday Festcaribbean - As One Festival 4:00PM - 11:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-25 Monday Brantford's Got Talent - FINAL ROUND 6:00PM - 8:00PM Harmony Square
Aug-28 Thursday Movie in the Square
Muppets Most Wanted Dusk Harmony Square
Aug-29 Friday Tunes in the Park - The Garth Vogan Band 12 noon - 1:00PM Alexandra Park
Aug-29 Friday Music in the Square - The Grumpies 7:30PM - 9:00PM Harmony Square
Sep-10 Wednesday Gene Watson & Friends with Rick Loucks
& Amberley Beatty 7:00PM Sanderson Centre
Sep-11 Thursday George Canyon - Decade of Hits 8:00PM Sanderson Centre
Sep-13 Saturday Brantford International Jazz Festival
presents Frank Sinatra Jr. 8:00PM Sanderson Centre
Sep-13 Saturday Brantford International Jazz Festival 12 noon - 6:00PM Harmony Square
Sep-14 Sunday Brantford International Jazz Festival 12 noon - 6:00PM Harmony Square
Sep-19 Friday The Charity of Hope Brantford presents
an evening with Dr. Roberta Bondar 8:30PM Sanderson Centre
Sep-20 Saturday 5th Annual Brantford Comedy Festival
featuring JEREMY HOTZ 8:00PM Sanderson Centre
Sep-21 Sunday Kidney Walk Harmony Square
Sep-27 Saturday Art in the Square Harmony Square
Oct-10 Friday Scare in the Square Harmony Square
Oct-11 Saturday Scare in the Square featuring
a Zombie Walk Harmony Square
Oct-22 Wednesday Moe Bandy 2:00PM Sanderson Centre
Oct-24 Friday Classic Albums Live presents Meatloaf
Bat Out of Hell 8:00PM Sanderson Centre
Oct-30 Thursday Brantford Music Club
presents Maxim Bernard - Piano 7:30PM Sanderson Centre
Nov-29 Saturday JCI Santa Claus Parade Colborne Street
Nov-29 Saturday Parade After Party Harmony Square
MORE THAN 200 BUSINESSES & SERVICES

T WHAAT

S HAPPENING T

S HAPPENING

S HAPPENING

DOWNT

OWN BRANTFORD? DOWNT
T WHAAT

OWN BRANTFORD?
S HAPPENING T

OWN BRANTFORD?
S HAPPENING

OWN BRANTFORD?
S HAPPENING

OWN BRANTFORD?

hess in the S
hess in the S
C y uesda T Jul-29
umba in the S Z y uesda T Jul-29
oga i YYo y uesda T Jul-29
Brantf y Monda Jul-28
hildr C y Monda Jul-28
C y unda S Jul-27
Music in the S y rida F Jul-25
unes in the P T y rida F Jul-25
vie in the S Mo y hursda T Jul-24

12 noon - 2:30PM
9:30AM - 5:00PM
e quar hess in the S
7:00PM - 8:00PM e quar umba in the S
7:15AM - 8:15AM e quar oga in the S
6:00PM - 8:00PM alent TTalent s Got d' or Brantf
12 noon - 1:00PM Harmon ogramming s Pr ' en hildr
ournament T e quar hess in the S
7:30PM - 9:00PM y orr e - Don N quar Music in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM eek r stal C y r ark - C unes in the P
usk D able Me 2 e - Despic quar vie in the S

e
e
quar y S Harmon 12 noon - 2:30PM
e quar y S Harmon 7:00PM - 8:00PM
e quar y S Harmon 7:15AM - 8:15AM
e quar y S 12 noon - 1:00PM Harmon
quar y S Harmon 9:30AM - 5:00PM
ark xandra P Ale 12 noon - 1:00PM
e quar y S Harmon usk

s Got
aribbean - A
d' or Brantf y Aug-25 Monda
ogramming s Pr ' en hildr C y Aug-25 Monda
c est F y da tur a Aug-23 S
quar Music in the S y rida Aug-22 F
ark - G unes in the P T y rida Aug-22 F
quar vie in the S Mo y hursda T Aug-21
quar hess in the S C y hursda T Aug-21
s Bak ' ophia y S b
e Boss' pr ak Junior C y hursda T Aug-21

6:00PM - 8:00PM
4:00PM - 11:00PM Harmon
alent - FINAL ROUND TTalent - FINAL ROUND s Got
12 noon - 1:00PM ogramming
al estiv ne F s O aribbean - A
7:30PM - 9:00PM int V e - Mo quar
12 noon - 1:00PM y Munn arr ark - G
usk D en z o r e - F quar
12 noon - 2:30PM e quar
12 noon - 1:00PM af y & C er s Bak
ed esent e Boss' pr

e
e
quar y S Harmon 6:00PM - 8:00PM
e quar y S Harmon 12 noon - 1:00PM
quar y S 4:00PM - 11:00PM Harmon
e quar y S Harmon

Music in the S
Junior C y hursda T Aug-07
umba in the S Z y ednesda W Aug-06
umba in the S Z y uesda T Aug-05
hess in the S C y uesda T Aug-05
oga i YYoga in the S y uesda T Aug-05
y rida Aug-01 F
unes in the P T y rida Aug-01 F
hess in the S C y hursda T Jul-31
vie in the S Mo y hursda T Jul-31
umba in the S Z y ednesda W Jul-30

7:30PM - 9:00PM
ed esent e Boss' pr ak Junior C
12 noon - 1:00PM e quar umba in the S
12 noon - 2:30PM e quar hess in the S
eeler e - P quar Music in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM ee vid McK a ark - D unes in the P
usk D s 2 f mur e - S quar vie in the S
12 noon -1:00PM e quar umba in the S

e
e quar y S Harmon 12 noon -1:00PM

ark - unes in the P T y rida Aug-29 F
Muppets Most
quar vie in the S Mo y hursda T Aug-28
quar hess in the S C y hursda T Aug-28
s Bak ' ophia y S b
e Boss' pr ak Junior C y hursda T Aug-28
quar hess in the S C y uesda T Aug-26
quar oga in the S YYoga in the S y uesda T Aug-26

12 noon - 1:00PM ogan Band VVogan Band th ar he G T ark -
usk D ed ant W
e quar
12 noon - 1:00PM Harmon af y & C er s Bak
ed esent e Boss' pr
7:00PM - 8:00PM Harmon e quar umba in the S
7:15AM - 8:15AM e quar

e quar y S Harmon
e quar y S 7:00PM - 8:00PM Harmon

oga i
turing Joe P
YYoga in the S y uesda T Aug-12
Brantf y Aug-11 Monda
hildr C y Aug-11 Monda
ea f
Music in the S y rida Aug-08 F
loud C
vie in the S Mo y hursda T Aug-07
hess in the S C y hursda T Aug-07
ophia y S b

7:15AM - 8:15AM
7:00PM - 9:00PM
e quar oga in the S
6:00PM - 8:00PM TER FINALS AR alent - QU TTalent - QU s Got d' or Brantf
12 noon - 1:00PM Harmon ogramming s Pr ' en hildr
oirier turing Joe P
s Night ' e - Blue quar Music in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM unham ark - Don D unes in the P
usk D tballs 2 hance of Mea y with a C
e quar vie in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM af y & C er s Bak ' ophia

e
e
quar y S Harmon 7:15AM - 8:15AM

y of H
erna
harit he C T y rida F -19 ep S
quar
d Int or Brantf y unda S -14 ep S
erna d Int or Brantf y da tur a S -13 ep S
rank S esents F pr
erna d Int or Brantf y da tur a S -13 ep S
on - Dec y an ge C Geor y hursda T -11 ep S
y Bea & Amberle
tson & F a W Gene y ednesda W -10 ep S
Music in the S y rida Aug-29 F

esents
12 noon - 6:00PM
d pr or ope Brantf y of H
7:30PM - 9:00PM
al estiv tional Jazz F erna
12 noon - 6:00PM al estiv tional Jazz F erna
8:00PM . tra Jr ina rank S
al estiv tional Jazz F erna
8:00PM ade of Hits on - Dec
7:00PM y tt y Bea
oucks ick L riends with R tson & F
he Grumpies T e - quar

e
e entr anderson C S
e entr anderson C S
e entr anderson C S

Music in the S
y rida Aug-15 F
vie in the S Mo y hursda T Aug-14
hess in the S C y hursda T Aug-14
ophia y S b
Junior C y hursda T Aug-14

7:30PM - 9:00PM
12 noon - 1:00PM ogramming s Pr ' en hildr
opranos e - 3 S quar Music in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM an he Piano M T ark - unes in the P
usk D y ersit ers Univ e - Monst quar vie in the S
12 noon - 1:00PM af y & C er s Bak ' ophia
ed esent e Boss' pr ak Junior C

e

lassic Albums Liv C y rida F t-24 Oc
y Moe Band y ednesda W t-22 Oc
alk W ombie a Z
quar e in the S ar c S y da tur a S t-11 Oc
quar e in the S ar c S y rida F t-10 Oc
quar t in the S Ar y da tur a S -27 ep S
alk W y idne K y unda S -21 ep S
turing JEREM ea f
5th Annual Brantf y da tur a S -20 ep S
ening with D v an e
y of H harit he C T y rida F -19 ep S

tloaf esents Mea e pr lassic Albums Liv
2:00PM
alk
turing ea e f quar
e quar
e quar
8:00PM TZ Y HO turing JEREM
al estiv y F omed d C or 5th Annual Brantf
8:30PM ta Bondar ober . R r ening with D
esents d pr or ope Brantf y of H

e entr anderson C S
e quar y S Harmon
e quar y S Harmon
e quar y S Harmon
e quar y S Harmon
e entr anderson C S
e entr anderson C S

Brantf y Aug-18 Monda

6:00PM - 8:00PM alent - SEMI-FINALS TTalent - SEMI-FINALS s Got d' or Brantf
12 noon - 1:00PM ogramming s Pr en hildr


er P t fft arade A P y da tur a v-29 S o N
laus P anta C JCI S y da tur a v-29 S o N
axim Bernar esents M pr
d Music C or Brantf y hursda T t-30 Oc
ell ut of H t O Ba
lassic Albums Liv C y rida F t-24 Oc

y t ar er P
arade laus P
7:30PM d - Piano axim Bernar
lub d Music C
8:00PM ell
tloaf esents Mea e pr lassic Albums Liv

e quar y S Harmon
eet tr olborne S C
e entr anderson C S
e entr anderson C S

MORE

THAN 200 BUSINESSES & SERVICES MORE

THAN 200 BUSINESSES & SERVICES




BRANTFORD | SIX NATIONS | PARIS | ST. GEORGE
&'; E<M@M<E DL:? K?FL>?K KF N?8K DP C8JK JKFIP =FI K?<
BI8EK A;MF:8K< NFLC; JFLE; C@B<... FI N?8K @K NFLC; 9< C@B< KF
NI@K< @K. &'D =@E;@E> @K ;@==@:LCK KF J?F< ?FIE K?I<< P<8IJ @EKF FE<
8IK@:C<. )<K'J JK8IK N@K? K?< F==@:@8C JFLE;@E> JKL==. A=K<I K?I<<
P<8IJ F= JL::<JJ=LC GL9C@:8K@FE @E BI8EK=FI;, BI8EK FLEKP &
0@O +8K@FEJ K?@J N@CC 9< K?< =@E8C GI@EK <;@K@FE F= 1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K<.
,M G<FGC< @E K?< :FDDLE@KP K?8K K?< G8G KF 8
:FE:CLJ@FE. &IFE@:8CCP <EFL>?, K?< DFJK <E:FLI8>@E> 8E;
I<8JJLI@E> G8IK F= K?8K GIF:<JJ ?8J 9<<E K?< I<JGFEJ< N<'M<
I<:<@M<;. &E 8CDFJK <M<IP :8J< &'M< 9<<E D<K N@K? 8 D@OKLI< F=
;@J8GGF@EKD<EK 8E; ;@J9<C@<=, "4?P? 4?P 8I< PFL :CFJ@E>?"
&K N8J -.1. B8IELD N?F FE:< J8@;, "ACN8PJ C<8M< K?<D N8EK@E>
DFI<." & C@B< K?8K. 6FL'; ?8K< =FI FE< F= K?< 9@>><JK 8E; DFJK
@DGFIK8EK GIFA<:KJ PFL'M< <M KF BEFN
K?8K N<'I< :CFJ@E> K?@J :?8GK? EFK< 8E; >F@E> FLK
N@K? FLI 9FFKJ FE.
#IFD DP J@;< F= K?< 8@JC<, &'M< 9<<E 8K K?< ?<CD F= K?I<< JK8IKLGJ
=FI K?< C8JK =@M< P<8IJ. 1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< / A;MF:8K< 1<C<M@J@FE,
,:KFGLJ /<; ($I8G?@: AIKJ, 4<9J@K< !<M<CFGD<EK, *8IB<K@E>,
A;M<IK@J@E>, -L9C@: /<C8K@FEJ) 8E; 0FG?@8'J B8B<IP & 8=S.
&'M< 9<<E NFIB@E> 8E @DGFJJ@9C< J:?<;LC< 8E; N?@C< 8CC K?I<<
9LJ@E<JJ<J 8I< ;F@E> M<IP N<CC, K?< ;<D8E;J K?8K :FD< N@K?
K?< >IFNK? F= 8CC K?I<< ?8J GLK LJ @E 8 GFJ@K@FE K?8K K?<I< @J FECP
K@D< KF K8B< KNF F= K?<D KF K?< E<OK C<M<C... N?@C< D8@EK8@E@E>
JFD< J<D9C8E:< F= NFIB-C@=< 98C8E:< :)
"Wh& did &o# !"a" a pape?"
1?< HL<JK@FE &'M< 9<<E 8JB<; DFJK J@E:< N< JK8IK<;. 4?<E N<
9<>8E K?@J AFLIEI8G?J =FI FLI =@IJK <;@K@FE.
&'D GIFL; KF J8P K?8K 8=K<I K?I<< P<8IJ K?< E<<;C< E<M<I DFM<;.
"I %a! bon and ai!ed in Ban"fod. I %en" "o p#blic !chool,
high !chool and college hee. I !"a"ed m& caee, me" m& %ife,
!"a"ed a famil&, la#nched m& de!ign fim, cea"ed Sophia'!
Bake&, and no% The Ban" Ad$oca"e (and la"e Ad$oca"e
Tele$i!ion) in Ban"fod. Thi! ci"& ha! gi$en me e$e&"hing.
No% i")! m& "#n "o gi$e back.
X&K[J K@D< K?8K <8:? F= LJ
9<>@E KF I<-NI@K< K?< E8II8K@M<
F= N?8K @K D<8EJ KF 9< =IFD
K?@J :FDDLE@KP. +F DFI<
:PE@:@JD. +F DFI< 8G8K?P.
1?@J @J FLI KFNE 8E; K?@J
@J FLI K@D<."
While pomo"ing "he fi!" T%ee"!"ock I "old an&one %ho %o#ld
li!"en "ha" 'i"'! "ime "o in"od#ce Ban"fod "o "he %old(. I %a!
half igh". Wha" I needed "o !a& %a! "ha" i"'! "ime "o in"od#ce
Ban"fod "o Ban"fod. I" occ#ed "o me "ha" each and e$e&
pe!on I me" in "hi! comm#ni"& had a eall& gea" !"o& "o "ell
and %ha" be""e %a& "o "#n !"ange! in"o fiend! "han b& !haing
a li""le bi" abo#" one ano"he. Tho#gh "hi! !haing and "elling
of !"oie! %e'e di!co$eing %e ha$e fa moe in common %i"h
one ano"he "han %e "ho#gh".
Thee i! no q#e!"ion "ha" a! a comm#ni"& %e ha$e "aken !ome
pe""& "o#gh !ho"! "o "he bod& and in a lo" of %a&! o# back!
!"ill aen)" !"aigh", and %e don)" !"and a! "all a! %e !ho#ld. I")!
"ime "ha" each of #! begin "o e-%i"e "he naa"i$e of %ha" i"
mean! "o be fom "hi! comm#ni"&. No moe c&nici!m. No moe
apa"h&. Thi! i! o# "o%n and "hi! i! o# "ime."
0@E:< :FDD@KK@E> K?FJ< NFI;J KF GI@EK &'M< ?8; K?< GC<8JLI< F=
D<<K@E> JF D8EP NFE;<I=LC 8E; @EK<I<JK@E> G<FGC< 8E; C<8IE<;
JF DL:? 89FLK DP :FDDLE@KP. & 9<:8D< =I@<E;J N@K? K?< D8E
N?F I@E>J K?< 9<CCJ 8K $I8:< AE>C@:8E ?LI:?. & :I8NC<;
9<E<8K? K?< J<N@E> K89C< 8K 4FF;C8E; LCKLI8C <EKI< N?<I<
& I<8; K?< E8D<J 8E; K?< D<JJ8><J C<=K 9P :?@C;I<E N?F
<E;LI<; K?< I<J@;<EK@8C J:?FFC JPJK<D. & =<CK :I@GGC@E> JFIIFN
8E; ?<CGC<JJE<JJ N?<E & C<8IE<; F= K?< :?@C;?FF; J<OL8C
KI8LD8 F= 8 @KP FLE:@CCFI. #FI K?I<< P<8IJ & N@KE<JJ<; K?<
=LCC JG<:KILD F= ?LD8E@KP 8J KFC; 9P K?< G<FGC< F= K?@J
:FDDLE@KP. )<K K?8K J@EB @E =FI 8 J<:FE;... :FDGC<K< JKI8E><IJ
KILJK@E> PFL N@K? JFD<K?@E> K?8K'J F=K<E K@D<J M<IP G<IJFE8C FI
G8@E=LC. 1ILJK@E> LJ, G<FGC< K?<P'M< E<ME@KP 8E; I<JG<:K. &K @J 8E @E;<J:I@989C< ?FEFLI
KF J?<G?<I; K?< NFI;J F= K?< G<FGC<. ACDFJK 800 G@<:<J F=
FI@>@E8C :FEK<EK GL9C@J?<; @E K?I<< P<8IJ. A FE<-F=-8-B@E; JE8G-
J?FK @E K?< C@=< F= K?@J :FDDLE@KP 8E; 8 KILCP LE@HL< 8E; ;<<GCP
I<D8IB89C< <OG<I@<E:<.
"Wha" ae &o# mo!" po#d of?"
,E< F= K?< K?@E>J &'D DFJK GIFL; F= 89FLK K?< BI8EK A;MF:8K<
N8J FLI CF:B-JK<G 8;?<I<E:< KF K?< "$FC;<E /LC<." +F ?8K:?<K
G@<:<J. &= PFL'I< LGJ<K 89FLK JFD<K?@E> ;FE'K >@M< D< 8 K?FLJ8E;
NFI;J F= GF@JFE 8E; 8E><I. $@M< D< 8 K?FLJ8E; NFI; JFCLK@FE
KF 8 GIF9C<D. !FE'K 8KK8:B G<FGC<. AKK8:B @JJL<J. 2E; K?8K NFLC; ?LIK
8EFK?<I. 1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< N8J 8 J8=< GC8:< =FI G<FGC< KF
J?8I< K?<@I K?FL>?KJ N@K?FLK =<8I F= I@;@:LC<.
)FFB@E> 98:B KF K?FJ< <8ICP ;8PJ @K'J GI<KKP 8D8Q@E> KF K?@EB
K?8K EFE< F= LJ ?8; 8EP @;<8 N?8K N< N<I< ;F@E>. -L9C@J?@E>,
;<J@>E, <;@K@E>, ;@JKI@9LK@FE, 8; J8C<J... EFK 8 :CL<. #FI D<, K?8K'J
N?8K D8;< K?@J <EK@I< <E;<8MFLI JF :FDG<CC@E>. 1?@J N8J
LE:?8IK<; K<II@KFIP 8E; N< N<I< =8:@E> 8E LG?@CC 98KKC<... :I<8K@E>
8 E<NJGI@EK GL9C@:8K@FE @E 8E <I8 N?<I< K?< =LKLI< F= E<NJGI@EK
N8J 8CN8PJ @E HL<JK@FE... 8E; ;F@E> JF @E =IFEK F= K?< <EK@I<
:FDDLE@KP. 4< ?8; EF :?F@:<, @K ?8; KF NFIB. "M<E @= @K D<8EK
;<C@M<I@E> K?FLJ8E;J F= G8G<IJ <8:? DFEK? =IFD K?< KILEBJ F=
FLI :8IJ C8K< 8K E@>?K 8E; @E 8CC D8EE, ;<J@>E@E> 8E; J<CC@E> K?< 8;J =FI K?< BI8EK A;MF:8K<
?8J 9<<E N@K?FLK 8 ;FL9K K?< 9@>><JK 8E; DFJK :?8CC<E>@E>
GIFA<:K &'M< <M N?FCCP
I<JGFEJ@9C< =FI K?< CFFB-8E;-=<<C F= 8E <EK@I< E<NJGI@EK GL9C@:8K@FE
N?@C< N<8I@E> 8 J8C<J ?8K <8:? DFEK? KF <EJLI< N< ?8; K?<
E<:<JJ8IP =LE;J KF GI@EK 8E; ;@JKI@9LK< N8J ;8LEK@E> KF J8P K?<
C<8JK. &'D GIFL; KF J8P K?8K N< ?8; K?I<< LE@EK<IILGK<; P<8IJ F=
GL9C@:8K@FE 8E; N< ?8M< I<D8@E<; ;<9K-=I<< =IFD FLI =@IJK
DFEK? F= GI@EK@E>.
"Wha" %ill &o# mi!! "he mo!"?"
A;MF:8K@E>. & CFM< GIFM@;@E> 8 MF@:< =FI G<FGC< FI GC8:<J K?8K
<@K? @E
K?@J :FDDLE@KP K?8K D<8EJ 8 >I<8K ;<8C KF D<: 4FF;C8E;
LCKLI8C <EKI<.
&'M< ?8; K?< GC<8JLI< F= NFIB@E> N@K?, 8E; ><KK@E> KF BEFN, K?<
G<FGC< N?F NFIB 8K 4FF;C8E; LCKLI8C <EKI< FM
>IFLG F= ?8I; NFIB@E> 8E; ;<;@:8K<; G<FGC<. &'M< ?8; K?< GI@M@C<><
F= G8IK@:@G8K@E> @E ELD<IFLJ >L@;<; N8CB-K?IFL>?J F= 9FK? K?<
DLJ<LD 8E; K?< I<J@;<EK@8C J:?FFC.
+F FK?@FE @E 8E8;8 ?8J 8 =8:@C@KP N@K? JL:? <EFIDFLJ
JLDJ F= C@M@E> @E;@><EFLJ ?@JKFIP 8E; :LCKLI<, 8E; @K'J I@>?K ?<I<
@E FLI FNE 98:BP8I;. & <E:FLI8>< <8:? F= PFL KF M@J@K K?<
DLJ<LD, D8B< 8 ;FE8K@FE 8E; K8B< K?< KFLI. *FJK @DGFIK8EKCP,
& <E:FLI8>< PFL KF C@JK<E. /<8CCP C@JK<E 8E; 89JFI9 N?8K 4FF;-
C8E; @J 8E; N?P @K'J JF M@K8C KF K?< =89I@: F= K?@J I<>@FE.
***
1?< MFCLD< F= G<FGC< K?8K I<HL@I< K?8EB@E> =FI 1?< BI8EK
A;MF:8K< @J @DD<EJ< 8E; KFF ELD<IFLJ KF E8D<. %FN<M<I,
K?<I< 8I< K?I<< M<IP JG<:@8C G<FGC< & DLJK K?8EB. *P N@=< 8E;
DP ;8L>?K<IJ.
1F DP 9<8LK@=LC, 8D8Q@E>, K8C<EK<; 8E; G8K@<EK N@=< )8LI8.
#IFD K?< 9<>@EE@E> PFL ?8M< 9<<E 9FK? 8 IF:B 8E; 8 NFE;<I=LC
JFLI:< F= @EJG@I8K@FE. 6FL N<I< K?<I< N?<E & N8J FLK F= @;<8J
8E; PFL ?<CG<; D< KF =@E; E<N FE<J. 6FL >FK KF C@M< 8CC F= K?<
:?8FJ K?8K ?8GG<EJ 9<?@E; K?< :LIK8@E F= 8 9@> GIFA<:K. 1?<
<8ICP DFIE@E>J, K?< C8K< E@>?KJ, K?< ;I@M@E> 8CC FM<I 8K 8CC ?FLIJ
@E ?FII@9C< N<8K?<I KF ;<C@M<I 8 =I<< G8G<I =FI EF DFE<P. #FI
K?I<< P<8IJ PFL JKFF; 9P D< 8E; PFL E<M@ICJ +8;A8 8E; 0FG?@8. B<=FI< & J8P K?8EB
PFL & DLJK =@IJK J8P &'D JFIIP. &'D JFIIP =FI ?FN DL:? K@D< &
?8; KF J8:I@=@:< KF K?@J GIFA<:K. &'D JFIIP =FI 8CC K?< K@D<J & N8JE'K
89C< KF ;F JFD<K?@E> =LE 9<:8LJ< F= 8 GI@EK ;<8;C@E<. & =<<C C@B<
& 9C@EB<; 8E; PFL >LPJ N<I< K?I<< P<8IJ FC;<I. 4?<E PFL CFFB
98:B FE K?@J K@D< & N8EK PFL KF I<D<D9 & ?FG< K?@J ?8J K8L>?K
PFL 9FK? K?8K K?<I< 8I< EF C@D@KJ. !I<8D 9@> @DGFJJ@9C< ;I<8DJ,
:?8J< K?<D ;FNE 8E; ;FE'K C<K 8EPFE< <M PFL :8E'K ;F. & 8D @E:I<;@9CP GIFL; F= 9FK? F= PFL
8E; & CFM< PFL DFI< K?8E PFL N@CC <M KF <EI@:? PFLI ;8P, ?8J D8;< PFL K?@EB 89FLK K?< G<FGC<
8IFLE; PFL, ?8J D8;< PFL =<<C DFI< :FEE<:K<; N@K? K?@J GC8:<
N< :8CC ?FD<. &K ?8J 9<<E 8E ?FEFLI KF J<IM< K?< G<FGC< F=
BI8EK=FI;. 1?8EB PFL =FI I<8;@E>. (6FL :8E JK@CC :8K:? LJ FE
/F><IJ 13 =FI A;MF:8K< 1<C<M@J@FE. 0<8JFE 2 JK8IKJ K?@J #8CC.
?<:B CF:8C C@JK@E>J =FI ;<K8@CJ.)
3
BRANTFORD | SIX NATIONS | PARIS | ST. GEORGE
Team 2015 is a group of dedicated
Brantford-Brant New Democrat supporters
working to build a better Canada.
Together, well build the best
campaign in Brant NDP history.
Respecting Your Dollars:
In the last federal election we were up against big spending Conservative and Liberal campaigns which spent near the maximum allow-
able. We came in second, beating the local Liberals while spending a fraction of what they did and we had the best dollar-per-vote
results of ANY party in the riding. With your help we can continue to grow and beat the local Conservatives too. By doing so we can bring
about the kind of positive, progressive change needed in Brantford-Brant.
Developing Community:
We don't wait to be elected to improve our community. We do this all year long - even in non-election years. This has resulted in many
positive community initiatives such as our Free Annual Brantford Youth Leadership Conference, recreation opportunities for youth,
cleaning-up or shovelling in neighbourhoods with need and consultations with our community on a variety of topics that lead to concrete
national policy solutions.
Traditional & Digital Outreach:
We're going to continue to knock on more doors in Brantford-Brant than any other party, hold more town halls and successful low /
no-cost events and continue these conversations online too - engaging with citizens in our community every step of the way. Building
our next breakthrough wont be easy but local New Democrats have never shied away from hard work. Team 2015 is all about taking
up that challenge and strengthening our community.
Heres how we will help make this happen in Brantford-Brant:
Paid for and approved by the official agent for the Brant NDP
Volunteer on Team 2015 at brantndp.ca/volunteer/
Make a one time or monthly donation at bit.do/team2015
BRANTFORD | SIX NATIONS | PARIS | ST. GEORGE 5
$FF;E@>?K, 9LK EFK $FF;9P<
9P *8I: )8=<II@<I<, 1N@KK<I: @D8I:C8=<II@<I<
4?<E & N8J 8 B@; 8K :8DG N< LJ<; KF J@E> 8 JFE> <8:? E@>?K
KF><K?<I. &K'J =@E8C C@E< N8J "K?@J @J >FF;E@>?K 9LK EFK >FF;9P<."
&K 8CN8PJ JKL:B N@K? D<. &K :FLC; ?8M< 9<<E K?< ;<:8;< &
JG<EK @E JFD< =FID FI =8J?@FE 8K K?8K :8DG 8E; K?<
DLCK@KL;<J F= K@D<J & ?8; KF J@E> K?FJ< C@E<J - 9LK & K?@EB @K
I<JFE8K<; =FI FK?FF;E@>?K, 8E; =FI EFN K?8K @J
KIL< F= FLI C@KKC< EFK-8-E<NJG8G<I. 1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K<
JK8IK<; @E 2011 8=K<K?<I. 4< N8EK<; KF
:FEK@EL< NFIB@E> KF><K? 8=KE - JFD<K?@E> K8B@E> K?< 9<JK G8IKJ
F= K?< :FDDLE@KP 8;MF:8:P N< ?8; =FLE; K?IFL>? GFC@K@:J
9LK ;FE< N@K? 8 ;@==<I<EK =F:LJ.
!LI@E> K?8K :8DG8@>E & N8J 89C< KF ?<8I 8 CFK F= K?< JKFI@<J
F= BI8EK=FI;, BI8EK 8E; 0@O +8K@FEJ 9P 9<@E> N@K? G<FGC<
8E; ?<8I@E> @K =IFD K?<D ;@I<:KCP @E 8 N8P K?8K E<NJG8G<IJ
:8E'K :FEM<P. &'D 8 BI8EK=FI; 8E; JLIIFLE;@E> 8I<8 ?@JKFIP
ALEB@<. & CFM<; J@KK@E> N@K? ?L:B $@C<J FI !<ILC8IJ @E K?< DFIE@E> 8K K?< 0K8K@FE F==<<
%FLJ< 8E; ?<8I@E> K?< @EJ@;< JKFIP F= FLI :FDDLE@KP @E
K?<@I FNE NFI;J.
X)<K K?< E8PJ8P<IJ E8P.
4< J?FN<; K?<D JFD<K?@E>
;@==<I<EK. 4< 9IFL>?K KF><K?<I
?LE;I<;J F= G<FGC< @E K?<
GIF;L:K@FE F= K?@J GL9C@:8K@FE
8E; K?FLJ8E;J F= I<8;<IJ, C@JK<E<IJ
8E; M@<N<IJ @EKF 8 :FEM<IJ8K@FE
89FLK N?8K FLI :FDDLE@KP @J
8E; N?8K @K :FLC; 9<.Y
?L:B <JG<:@8CCP - ?< ?8; 8 N8P F= K<CC@E> D< K?<J< C@KKC<
EL>><KJ 89FLK FLI :FDDLE@KP K?8K NFLC; :FDGC<K<CP
:?8E>< N?8K & K?FL>?K 89FLK ?FN JFD<K?@E> ?8; ?8GG<E<;
?<I<. &K'J =LEEP ?FN 8 C@KKC< JKFIP, 8 C@KKC< E<N G<IJG<:K@M<
:8E :?8E>< 8 N<CC <JK89C@J?<; E8II8K@M<.
AE; @K N8J FLI ?FG< K?8K 9P I<8:?@E> FLK KF G<FGC< =IFD 8
M8I@<KP F= M@<NGF@EKJ 8E; ?8M@E> K?<D NI@K< K?<@I JKFI@<J
@E K?<@I FNE NFI;J @K D@>?K :FEK@EL< KF ?<CG J?@E< 8 C@>?K
FE K?< GFJ@K@M<J F= FLI :FDDLE@KP 8E; K8B< K?< =F:LJ F==
F= K?< <8JP 8E; @E:FII<:K E8II8K@M<J 89FLK BI8EK=FI; 8E; K?<
I<>@FE. & K?@EB N<'M< 9<<E JL::<JJ=LC @E K?8K KF 8 ;<>I<< &
8D M<IP ?8GGP N@K?.
4<'M< ?8; C@K<I8CCP ?LE;I<;J F= G<FGC< ?<CG FLK N@K? K?@J
GIFA<:K, 9<<E EFD@E8K<; =FI :FDDLE@KP 8N8I;J, ?<C; 8
DLCK@KL;< F= <M<EKJ 8E; >FK KF JGFEJFI J<M<I8C DFI< - 8CC
F= K?<D N@K? K?< >F8C F= 9L@C;@E> :FDDLE@KP. 4< N<EK
=IFD ;<C@M<I@E> :FG@<J =IFD K?< KILEBJ F= FLI :8IJ KF
NFIB@E> FLK G8IKE<IJ?@GJ N@K? K?< BI8EK +<NJ 8E;
FDDLE@KP )@M@E> BI8EK =FI ;<C@M<IP. 4<'M< <M<E JK8IK<;
8 M<IP JL::<JJ=LC GF;:8JK 8E; CF:8C 13 J?FN N?@:? N@CC
:FEK@EL< =FI JFD< K@D< KF ?@>?C@>?K >FF; K?@E>J, >FF; JKFI@<J
8E; JFCLK@FEJ =FI FLI :FDDLE@KP.
%LE;I<;J F= JKFI@<J K?8K NFLC;E'K ?8M< J<<E GI@EK 89FLK
BI8EK=FI;, BI8EK 8E; 0@O +8K@FEJ 8I< EFN FE K?< I<:FI; @E
8 E<8K C@KKC< K@D< :8GJLC<.
0F N?P 8I< N< JKFGG@E> EFN?
1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< @J JLJK8@E89C< - N< ?8M<E'K <M, N<'M< EFK :I<8K<; 8 ;@D< F= ;<9K D8B@E> @K
?8GG<E FMIFN FE< F= LJ NFLC; ?8M< KF HL@K
8CC K?< FK?J N<'I< ;F@E> 8E; =F:LJ FE @K.
-I@EK @J 8 ?8I; 9LJ@E<JJ KF >IFN @E K?@J ;8P 8E; 8>< 8E;
N<'M< ;FE< K?8K ;<JG@K< K?< F;;J 8>8@EJK @K. 4<'M< 9<<E
?8GGP KF @E:I<8J< FLI GI@EK 8E; ;@JKI@9LK@FE N?@C< :LKK@E>
:FJKJ, JKI<8DC@E@E> FLI GIF:<JJ =FI :FEK<EK, ;<J@>E, =FID8KK@E>
8E; N<9 8E; N<'M< 9<<E M<IP ?8GGP N@K? K?< @DG8:K, 9LK
KF K8B< K?< E<OK JK<G NFLC; D<8E >@M@E> LG 8 CFK F= FK?FF; K?@E>J.
AE;I<N 8E; )<@J?8 C<=K JFD< K@D< 8>F KF GLIJL< JFD< M<IP
>FF; K?@E>J @E C@=< 8E; )L:8J ?8J ?@J FNE GFJ@K@M< I<8JFEJ
=FI K8B@E> 8 9I<8B =IFD K?@J, 8J PFL'M< J<<E @E ?@J <;@KFI@8C
K?@J DFEK?. &'; C@B< KF K?@EB & ?8M< D@E<.
& N8J I<:<EKCP D8II@<; (J<< G8>< 8 - 9 =FI DFI< FE K?8K),
&'M< 9<<E NFIB@E> 2 AF9J @E <;L:8K@FE 8E; JF:@8C NFIB K?8K
& CFM< =FI JFD< K@D< EFN, 8E; ?8M< ?8GG@CP D8@EK8@E<; 8
ELD9 8>8@E @E K?<
2015 =<;<I8C <C<:K@FE.
&K'J JFD<K?@E> & ?8M< 9<<E GLIJL@E> J@E:< 2009 N?<E & N8J
FECP 28 P<8IJ FC; 8E; CF:8C GFC@K@:J @J JFD<K?@E> & ?8M<
9<<E 8:K@M< @E J@E:< & N8J 14. &K'J 8 ?8I; @EK<I<JK KF EFK
GLIJL< N?<E PFL ?8M< 9<<E 9@K 9P K?< GFC@K@:8C 8:K@M@JK 9L>.
%FN<M KF 9< J8;CP DFI< F= K?< J8D< - 8E; & K?@EB GFJJ@9CP
NFIJ<. AE; N?@C< K?<I< @J EFK?@E> K<:?E@:8CCP NIFE> N@K?
FNE@E> 8 CF:8C GL9C@:8K@FE C@B< K?@J FE< ;LI@E> 8 GFC@K@:8C
ILE & =<<C C@B< J?LKK@E> @K ;FNE =FI EFN @J J@DGCP K?< <K?@:8C
K?@E> KF ;F.
+F :FDGC8@EKJ F= 9@8J, EF D@O@E> F= IFC<J (FI ?8KJ 8J JFD<
=I@<E;J :8CC K?<D). & ?8M< EF @EK<I<JK @E >@M@E> K?< DFI<
E<>8K@M<CP :<EKI<; GFC@K@:8C G<FGC< @E FLI :FDDLE@KP
(@E:CL;@E> =IFD DP FNE G8IKP) 8EP >I@JK =FI K?<@I D@CCJ.
1?<P'CC JK@CC 9< JFD< :FDGC8@EKJ - K?<I< 8CN8PJ 8I< 8E; 8CC
K?< 9<JK KF K?FJ< @E:C@E<; KF 9< K?8K N8P - PFL :8E'K GC<8J<
<M<IPFE<. BLK & 9<C@<M< K?@J @J K?< I@>?K K?@E> KF ;F 8K K?<
I@>?K K@D< =FI K?< I@>?K I<8JFEJ.
4?<E N< JK8IK<; K?@J JD8CC 9LJ@E<JJ N< N<I< KFC; N<
NFLC;E'K C8JK 6 DFEK?J, N< N<I< KFC; N< N<I< ALJK JFD<
G8IK@J8E I8> (;<JG@K< GI@EK@E> DFI< 8IK@:C<J =IFD FK?8K@M< K?@E>J.
)<K K?< E8PJ8P<IJ E8P. 4< J?FN<; K?<D JFD<K?@E> ;@==<I<EK.
4< 9IFL>?K KF><K?<I ?LE;I<;J F= G<FGC< @E K?< GIF;L:K@FE
F= K?@J GL9C@:8K@FE 8E; K?FLJ8E;J F= I<8;<IJ, C@JK<E<IJ 8E;
M@<N<IJ @EKF 8 :FEM<IJ8K@FE 89FLK N?8K FLI :FDDLE@KP @J
8E; N?8K @K :FLC; 9<. 4< ?<CG<; K?< CF:8C <:FEFDP @E FLI
N8P 8E; ?8; JFD< M<IP GFJ@K@M< I<8:K@FEJ =IFD D8EP.
1?@J ?8J 9<<E FE< F= DP =8MFLI@K< :FDDLE@KP GIFA<:KJ 8E;
& 8D @E:I<;@9CP K?8EB=LC 8E; GIFL; F= @K 8E; K?< 8D8Q@E>
CF:8C G<FGC< N< >FK K?< :?8E:< KF NFIB N@K? 8E; JGFKC@>?K.
AJ N< K8B< 8 9I<8B, ALJK C@B< K?FJ< P<8IJ 8>F 8K JLDDFF;E@>?K, 9LK
EFK >FF;9P<.
X1?@J ?8J 9<<E FE< F= DP
=8MFLI@K< :FDDLE@KP GIFA<:KJ
8E; & 8D @E:I<;@9CP K?8EB=LC
8E; GIFL; F= @K 8E; K?< 8D8Q@E>
CF:8C G<FGC< N< >FK K?< :?8E:<
KF NFIB N@K? 8E; JGFKC@>?K.Y
1F JK8IK, & DLJK :FE=FIDV 8E; :FE=@IDV DP JK8E:< FE K?< ;@J-
>I8:<; FNE<C<J C@GG<IJ 8J ;@J>I8:<=LC, =@K-
K@E>CP <EFL>?. &K[J EFK I@>?K ?FN K?< FNE8@EJK
A=I@:8E-AD<I@:8EJV JG<:@=@:8CCP 8>8@EJK 8 D8E <M<IPFE< I<-
JG<:KJ, 98JB<K98CC C<><E; *8>@: 'F?EJFE. AJ NIFE> 8J K?8K
N8J, K?< G<E8CKP 8>8@EJK !FE8C; 0K<IC@E> =IFD K?< +BA @J B@E;
F= J?F:B@E> @E @KJ<C= (8E; LE;[J G?FE< :8CC N@K? 3. 0K@M@8EF, & J8K KFE>L<-@E-:?< K?@J?, & K?FL>?K KF DP-
J<C=. %FN<M<I, K?< FNE ?< 8:KL8CCP J8@; N8J XK?FJ< G<FGC<Y N?@:? @EMFB<J 8
GIF9C<D8K@: ;@M@J@FE F= GFN @J :FD@E>
=IFD. BFIE @E 1934 D8B<J ?@D 80 P<8IJ FC;. 1?@J N8J 8E <I8
@E N?@:? J<>I<>8K@FE N8J 8 D8AFI @JJL< 8E; JF:@<KP N8J M<IP
I8:@JK (C<JK N< =FI><K K?8K '8:B@< /F9@EJFE 9IFB< K?< :FCFLI
98II@ N8J 9FIE). 1?LJ 0K<I-
C@E>, 8 '<N@J?-9FIE N?@K< D8E, G<I?8GJ LEBEFN@E>CP, LJ<; ?@J
;8K<; :FE:<GKJ F= I8:< @E K?@J I<:FI;@E>. 1?@J N8J 8 :8J< F=
8E FC; FLK;8K<; :FE:<GKJ F= I<8C@KP.
%FN<M<I, @K[J EFK C@B< K?@J N8J 8 KFK8C J?F:B N8J N@I<; K?8K N8P. 1?< =FID FI ILJ?<; KF JKI8@>?K<E
?@D FLK =IFD ?@J ;8K<; 9<C@<=J. &EJK<8;, K?< +BA 8GG<8I<; KF
J@DGCP KFC<I8K< K?< @JJL< N@K?FLK @DGFJ@E> G<E8CKP.
1?< E<N +BA :FDD@JJ@FE<I, A;8D 0@CM<I, N8J =FI:<; KF K8B<
JN@=K 8:K@FE 8=K N8J C<8B<;, 9<:8LJ< ?@J GC8P-
<IJ (A=I@:8E-AD<I@:8E GC8P<IJ D8B< LG 78 G<I:<EK F= K?<
C<8>L<, 8::FI;@E> KF I8:@8C <HL8C@KP 8:K@M@JK, /@:?8I;
)8G:?@:B) N<I< K?I<8K<E@E> KF N8CB FLK ;LI@E> K?< GC8PF==J,
N?@:? NFLC; EFK 9< >FF; =FI 8EP C<8>L<. %< K?<E 98EE<; 0K<I-
C@E> =IFD 8EP 8==@C@8K@FE N@K? K?< C<8>L< 8E; ;@J98II<; ?@D
=IFD K?< )FJ AE><C<J C@GG<IJ, <==<:K@M< @DD<;@8K<CP, 8CJF
;IFGG@E> 8 $2.5 D@CC@FE ;FCC8I =@E<, K?< D8O@DLD GFJJ@9C<
LE;8@E@E> 8>I<<D<EK. 1?@J N8J
LEGI<:<;<EK<; 8:K@FEU 9LK @K N8J GFJJ@9CP K?< FECP ALJK JF-
CLK@FE 8J =8I 8J K?< GC8P<IJ 8I< :FE:<IE<;.
!<JG@K< 8C@<E8K@E> 8E @E:I<;@9CP C8I>< >IFLG F= G<FGC< ?< <D-
GCFPJ @E K?< GIF:<JJ, 0K<IC@E> 9IFB< EF C8NJ. A:KL8CCP, K?<
G?FE< :8CC I<:FI;@E> N8J KFK8CCP @CC<>8C @E K?< =@IJK GC8:<. AJ 8
AFLIE8C@JK, & BEFN K?8K =FI 8 G?FE< :8CC KF 9< I<:FI;<;, C8N
JK8K<J K?8K 9FK? G8IK@<J FE K?< G?FE< E<<; KF 9< 8N8I< K?8K @K
@J 9<@E> I<:FI;<;. 0K<IC@E> D8P EFK BEFN K?8K ?< @J 8 I8:@JK,
9LK ?< ;<=@E@K<CP ;@;E[K BEFN K?8K ?@J :8CC N8J 9<@E> I<:FI;<;.
#FI 9<KKF<J 9P 8E @E@K@8C), ALJK D8P ?8M< J<K PFL LG.
,= :FLIJ<, K?<I< @J EF :FE:<@M89C< N8P 8 D8E :8E FNE 8 98J-
B<K98CC K<8D 9<@E> I8:@JK 8>8@EJK K?< D8AFI@KP F= GC8P<IJ ?<
<DGCFPJ. +<OK P<8I K?< C@GG<IJ N@CC 9< ?8I;GI<JJ<; KF =@<C;
8 K<8D (FI =CFFI 8 JHL8;) 8=KL<. %FN K?L<JJ. &[D EFK JLI< K?<I< @J 8 N8P KF ;F JF C<>8CCP N@K?-
FLK K?< FNE<I'J :FEJ<EK. %FN<M<I, K?< +BA DLJK 8:K HL@:BCP
JF K?< C@GG<IJ :8E I<D8@E @E <O@JK<E:<. &K[J ?8I; KF K?@EB N@K?
8 N?FC< F==J<8JFE =FI K?< +BA KF 8:K K?8K 8EP A=I@:8E-AD<I-
@:8E GC8PFK, 8::FI;@E> KF
<M<IPFE< N?F[J ?<8I; K?< I<:FI;@E>.
1?< FECP JFCLK@FE K?8K NFLC; 8GG<8I KF 8GG<8J< 9FK? J@;<J @J
K?< J8C< F= K?< K<8D (K?< +BA :8E[K ?FC; K?< =8JK-=FIN8I; 9LK-
KFE ;FNE ?8I; <EFL>? KF ><K 8 J8C< ;FE< A0A-). 1?< GIF9C<D
@J, K?< FNE G8@; $12.5 D@CC@FE ;FCC8IJ =FI K?< C@GG<IJ @E 1981,
8E; EFN? "JK@D8K<J ?8M< K?< N@EE@E> 9@;;J 8I< ;I8NE FLK, K?@J =I8E-
:?@J< @J >F@E> KF @DGCF;< @KJ<C= FLK F= <O@JK<E:<. & ;FE[K K?@EB
K?< +BA N@CC 8CCFN 8 =I8E:?@J< KF 9< ;<JKIFP<;, 9<:8LJ< K?8K
NFLC; C<8; KF 8;D@KK@E> 8 =8@C.
A>8@E, K?8K[J $2 9@CC@FE (LJ@E> 8 Z9[ 8J @E 9@CC@FE). & BEFN PFL[I<
FC; J:?FFC, !FE8C;, 9LK 8 FE< 9@CC@FE E@E< ?LE;I<; <@>?KP-<@>?K
D@CC@FE I<KLIE FE PFLI GLI:?8J<? 1?8K[J 8 E@:< =C@G.
4?8K K?< !FE8C; 0K<IC@E>?
9P '<JJ< #LJFE, #8:<9FFB: '<JJ< #LJFE
1988 N8J 8 KLIE@E> GF@EK P<8I =FI D<. *P =@IJK J<I@FLJ
I<C8K@FEJ?@G ?8; <E;<; N@K? DP =@8E:<< ;LDG@E> D< =FI 8
=I@<E; F= D@E<, & DFM<; FLK F= DP G8I<EKJ ?FLJ<, 8E; N8J
NFIB@E> =LCC K@D< @E 8 D@E; ELD9@E> =8:KFIP AF9. ,? P<8?,
8E; DP ;F> ;@<; KFF. 1?< FECP ?@>? GF@EK N8J DP G8IK K@D< AF9
NFIB@E> 8K 8 I<:FI; JKFI< @E $L<CG?, ><KK@E> G8@; @E M@EPC.
4?<E K?< FNE<IJ J8@; K? 8 E<N JKFI< @E
BI8EK=FI; 8E; NFLC; C@B< D< KF DFM< K?<I< 8E; D8E8>< @K, &
ALDG<; 8K K?< :?8E:<. &K N8J K@D< =FI 8 :?8E><.
4< FG<E<; 0<:FE; 48M< @E BI8EK=FI; FE FC9FIE< 0K. @E
0<GK<D9@E8C @EK<EK@FE KF C@M< FM?, N@K? FECP 8 D8KKI<JJ 8E; 8 JK<I<F,
8E; J?FN<I@E> 8K K?< CF:8C 6*A. & =@E8CCP =FLE; 8 E@:< 9@>
8G8IKD<EK FE KFG F= ?FLJ< FE BIF:B 0K, 8E; C@M<; K?<I< =FI K?<
8 P<8IJ K?< JKFI< N8J FG<E.
#IFD K?< =@IJK ;8P N< FG<E<;, N< HL@:BCP 9<:8D< 8 ?L9 =FI
K?< DLJ@: JK8IM<; :IFN;. /<:FI;J FE 4?<<CJ N8J ALJK :CFJ@E>
8J N< FG<E<;, D8B@E> LJ K?< FECP @E;@< J?FG @K KFNE. ,LI
GLEB J<:K@FE N8J 8CDFJK :FDGC<K<CP ;<GC<K<; FE K?< =@IJK ;8P,
=FI:@E> LJ KF I<JKF:B @E 8 ?LIIP. &K JFFE 9<:8D< :C<8I K?8K 8
CFK F= BI8EK=FI;@8EJ C@B< K?<@I DLJ@: CFL; 8E; =8JK, 8E; N<
@DGFIK<; JKL== @E 8::FI;@E>CP.
#IFD K?< =@IJK ;8P N< FG<E<; K?< ;FFIJ, & JK8IK<; D8B@E>
=I@<E;J N@K? K?< CF:8CJ, D8EP F= N?FD & JK@CC :FLEK 8J >FF;
=I@<E;J KF;8P. &K 9<:8D< DFI< K?8E 8 I<:FI; JKFI<--@K 9<:8D<
8 JF:@8C :<EKI<. -<FGC< NFLC; :FD< ALJK KF ?8E> FLK 8E; C@JK<E
KF DLJ@:, GC8P >L@K8I, JK8IK 8 =8EQ@E<, FI JK8IK 8 98E;. & 9<:8D<
M<IP 8N8I< F= 8 M@9I8EK, 8:K@M< J:<E< @E BI8EK=FI;, =LCC F=
PFLE> DLJ@:@8EJ 8E; 8IK@JKJ, 8E; K?I8M@K8K<
KFN8I;J 0<:FE; 48M<.
A=K@E8C FNE<IJ =<CK K??K & N8J K?< FNEFF; =I@<E;'J
DFK?<I, 8E; 9<:8D< K?< FNE<
#8D@CP 9LJ KLIE<; @EJ@;< FLK", 8E; :8II@<; FE =FI 8EFK?J, )FJE@FE, #<; 2G, DP FNE 98E; !@8EK?LJ, 8E; 8 J:FI<
F= FK?<IJ. B 13 ?8; 8 ;F:LD<EK8IP J<I@<J FE LG 8E;
:FD@E> 8E8;@8E 98E;J :8CC<; ""8I KF K?< $IFLE;", 8E; J?FK
G8IKJ F= K?< 0:FKK B <G@JF;< K?<I<. & E<M<K K? JLIGI@J<; N?<E
0:FKK *<II@KK N8CB<; @E--& ?8; EF @;<8 ?< N8J =IFD BI8EK=FI;
8K K?< K@D<. %< J<<D<; JLIGI@J<; KF 9< I<:F>E@Q<;.
2E=FIKLE8K<CP, 8CC >FF; K?@E>J :FD< KF 8E <E;. 1?< ;FNEKFNE
:FI< >FK HL@<K<KK@E>
FC; 8N8P KF :FCC<>< 8E; LE@M<IJ@KP, K?< FE:<
?8I;-KF-=@E; 8CK<IE8K@M< DLJ@: N< JG<:@8C@Q<; @E 9<:8D< DFI<
8M8@C89C< @E K?< :?8@E JKFI<J, 8E; K?< =@I< ;<G8IKD<EK KFC; D<
N< :FLC; EFK CFE>? EF FE< <MFK ?LIK.
& =@E8CCP :CFJ<; @K ;FNE @E JGI@E> F= 1996, 8E; ?<8;<; KF
(@K:?<E<I-48K<ICFF.
4?8K I<8CCP 8D8Q<J D< 89FLK K?< <EK@I< <OG<I@<E:< @J K?8K
<M<E EFN, 18 P<8IJ 8=K<K D<EK@FE<; @E CF:8C
D<;@8 F::8J@FE8CCP. 4?<E<ME 8E; K?< JKFFC & LJ<; KF J@K FE 8I< @E K?< BI8EK=FI;
FLEKP *LJ<LD! BCFNJ DP D@E;.
& 8D GIFL; 8E; ?LD9C<; K?8K DP C@KKC< JKFI< D<8EK JF DL:?
KF JF D8EP G<FGC<. & ?8M< 9<<E KFC; 9P D8EP K?8K @K N8J C@B<
8 J8=< ?8M<E =FI K?< 8IKJP, C<=K-F=-:<EKI<, JFD<N?8K ;@==<I<EK
B@;J N?F JFD<K@D<J =<CK FJKI8:@Q<; FI I@;@:LC<; FI <M<E 9LCC@<;.
1? FLK
FI GC8P DLJ@:. & <JG<:@8CCP N8EK KF K?8EB K?FJ< N?F & ?@I<;
9<:8LJ< K? 8IFLE; 8CC ;8P 8EPN8P, 8E; K?< FE<J N?F
9<:8D< C@=< CFE> =I@<E;J. 1?<I< 8I< D8EP F= PFL, @E:CL;@E> 8
:<IK8@E CF:8C E<NJGI@EK GL9C@:8K@FE FNE<I/GFC@K@:@8E/8CC IFLE;
>I<8K >LP, N?F @E ?@J PFLE>8M< D< K?< FGGFIKLE@KP KF NI@K< K?@J 8IK@:C<.
0<:FE; 48M<: *FI< 1?8E A /<:FI; 0KFI<
9P -8LC "M8EJ
&E 'LCP 2012, & NFB< K?< =**B LG. &[D JFIIP, *FD, =FI
JN<8I@E> @E 8 E<NJG8G<I, 8E; &[D JFIIP KF K?FJ< N?F K8B<
F==<EJ< KF K?< X#Y NFI;. &K[J ALJK K?8K @K[J K?< FECP N8P &
:8E ;<J:I@9< @K. & ;@;E[K ALJK N8B< LGU& NFB< LG @E 8 D8J-
J@M<CP ?L>< J@>E@=@:8EK N8P.
&E 'LCP 2012, 8 FE< =FFK ?FC< N8J :LK FG<E @EKF DP 9F;P
V @K N8J C<=K FG<E =FI J<M<I8C ;8PJ. &K C<K K?< C@>?K @E D<.
1?< J:8I JK@CC ?LIKJ, JK@CC I<D@E;J D< F= K?< KI8LD8 V DFJKCP
K?< KI8LD8 =FI DP =8D@CP N?F N<I< C<=K KF M@<N D< @E 8E
@E;L:<; :FD8 JK8K< N@K? KL9<J 8E; 8 D8:?@E< ?<CG@E> D<
9I<8K?<; 8E; 8 FE< =FFK ?FC<. *P ?LJ98E; J8@; & CFFB<;
C@B< K?< *@:?<C@E D8E[J N@=< @E K?8K JK8K<; 8CC 9CFNE LG
N@K? =CL@; KF =CLJ? FLK K?< @E=<:K@FE. & K?@EB & D@>?K 9< ? LG. &K ;@;E[K ?8GG<E I@>?K 8N8P. &K N8J
8 GIF:<JJ. 1?< FE< =FFK ?FC< JK8IK<; K?< GIF:<JJ. +FN,
JFD< D@>?K J8P & ?8; JFD< GFJK KI8LD8K@: JKI<JJ N@K? 8
KN@JK F= J@;< <==<:KJ =IFD K?< D<;@:8K@FE :F:BK8@C W & N@CC
@>EFI< JL:? :FDD<EKJ 9<:8LJ< & BEFN @E K?< :FI< F= DP
9<@E> @KJ EFK KIL<. 1?FJ< :CFJ<JK KF D< BEFN W @K[J EFK
KIL<.
& ?<8I; 8 MF@:< J8P@E>, X.L@<K PFLI D@E;.Y ,M8@E, X.L@<K PFLI D@E;.Y &K N8J EFK @EM8J@M< FI J:8IP FI
N<@I; FI 8EPK?@E>. &K N8J ALJK 8 CFM<CP MF@:< @E DP D@E;
K<CC@E> D< KF XHL@<K PFLI D@E;.Y 0F & C@JK<E<;. #@IJK &
JK8IK<; KF C@JK<E KF K?< :?8KK?K DFM@E> KF K?< E<OK V N@K? <DFK@FE K@<;
KF @K. & :FLC; ><K 8E>IP ALJK =IFD K?@EB@E>! 1?8KU9<>8E KF
9<:FD< 8 GIF9C<D =FI D<. &= & :FLC; ><K 8E>IP ALJK =IFD
K?@EB@E>, JLI<CP & :FLC; ><K ?8GGP ALJK =IFD K?@EB@E>, KFF;
JLI<CP & :FLC; 9<:FD< G<8:<=LC 8E; HL@<K ALJK =IFD K?@EB-
@E>. 1?< D<EK8C :?8KK?K @K C@B<
K?< GC8>L<) & C8K.
&E =8:K, & K?@EB K?< DFEB@=K D<.
1F >@=K D< N@K? 8 E<N 8N8I<E<JJ 8E; G<IJG<:K@M<. *8E, &
CFM< K?8K D8JJ@M< @E=<:K@FE K?8K 8CDFJK B@CC<; D<. & CFM<
K?< J:8I, & CFM< K?< KI8LD8K@: D<DFI@<J. & CFM< N?<E & ?8M<
KF >F @EKF K?< ?FJG@K8C 8E; @K J<E;J D< @EKF 8 G8E@: 8KK8:B.
& CFM< N?<E DP =8D@CP K8CBJ 89FLK ?FN 9CFNE LG & N8J. &
CFM< K?< D<DFIP F= J<<@E> DP ;8L>?K<I[J <P<J =@CC LG N@K?
K<8IJ N?<E & =@IJK :8D< ?FD<. 1?< G8@E & 8JJF:@8K< N@K?
K?<J< K?@E>J, I<D@E;J D< K?8K @E 8:KL8C =8:K, & N8J >@M<E 8
J<:FE; :?8E:< 8E; 8CFE> N@K? K?8K J<:FE; :?8E:<, 8 E<N
=FLE; >@=K.
1?8K @EEL@;<, FI DP JFLC. &K @J K?< MF@:< F= K?< LE@M<IJ<. 0FD<
NFLC; :8CC @K $F;, FI BL;;?8, FI '<JLJ. %FN<M G8K?
J@E:< DP @CCE<JJ V FE< @E N?@:? DP KIL< J<C= ?8J ?8; K?<
FGGFIKLE@KP KF <D<.
& 8D EFN GLIJL@E> DP ;I<8DJ; C@M@E> DP C@=<. ,?, K?8K
JFLE;J JF :C@:?S. & 8D D<8EK KF ?<CG G<FGC< 8E; & 8CN8PJ
?8M< 9<<E. &E DP D@E;, & N8J 9FIE N@K? 8 AF9. & N8J
9IFL>?K @EKF K?< NFIC; N@K? 8E @EK<EK@FE KF ?<8C DP G8I-
<EKJ[ D8II@8><. 1?8K[J 8 GI<KKP ?<=KP AF9, 8 GI<KKP XK8CC
FI;<IY =FI 8E @E=8EK. AE; >L<JJ N?8K? &K ;@;E[K NFIBU8C-
K?FL>? & ;@; ?8M< 15 P<8IJ KF KIP. &[D EFK 8E>IP 8K DP G8I-
<EKJ =FI K?8K ALJK =FI K?< I<:FI;.
1?? FLI ;8PJ.
BLK ?<CG@E> G<FGC< @J N?8K & N8J D<8EK KF ;F. AJ 8 :?@C;,
& N8J ;I8NE KF ?<CG@E> 8E@D8CJ 8E; N?<E G<FGC< N<I<
?LIK@E> FI @CC FI LGJ<K & =<CK @K KF K?< :FI<. & N8J ;I8NE KF
K?< ?<CG@E> GIF=<JJ@FEJ 8E; 9<:8D< 8 ?@C; 8E; 6FLK?
4FIB<I. & K?@EB (& ?FG<) & D8;< 8 ;@==<I<E:< @E D8EP G<F-
GC<[J C@M<J. & N<EK FE KF K<8:? DP GIF=<JJ@FE 8K K?< FCC<><
C<M<C. & :FEK@EL< KF =@E; DPJ<C= @E 8 X?<CG@E>Y IFC< <M<E @E
K?@J :8G8:@KP. -<FGC< 8I< ;I8NE KF D< N?<E K? 8 J@>E K?8K J8PJ,
XK8CB KF D<; & N8EK KF ?<CG PFLY. 1?< K?@E> @J, & CFM< G<FGC<
8E; & N8EK KF ?<CG K?<D. & ;FE[K ;<=8LCK KF ;@JKILJK 8EPFE<
LEK@C K?@M< D< 8 >FF; I<8JFE KF. & J<< 9<8LKP @E <M<IP-
FE<. & CFM< ><KK@E> KF BEFN G<FGC<; K?< I<8C G<IJFE N@K?@E.
& CFM< I<8C 8E; ?FE<JK :FEM<IJ8K@FEJ; EFK K?FJ<, X%@, ?FN
8I< PFL KF;8P?Y 8E; X& 8D =@E< K?8EBJY B@E; F= :FEM<IJ8-
K@FEJ. B<:8LJ< EF FE< @J I<8CCP =@E< 8K 8EP >@M<E DFD<EK.
"M<IPFE< ?8J JFD<K?@E> K?>C@E> N@K?, NFII@<;
89FLK, ;<M8JK8K<; 89FLK, <K:.
.L@<K@E> DP D@E; J@E:< DP @CCE<JJ ?8J 8CCFN<; D< KF @E-
K<>I8K< 8CC F= K?@J 8N8I<E<JJ K?8K ?8J 8CN8PJ 9<<E N@K? D<.
&K ?8J 8CCFN<; D< KF LE;<IJK8E; N?F & 8D 8E; N?8K & 8D
D<8EK KF ;F 8E; N?8K DP LE@HL< >@=KJ 8I<. & :8E J<< K?@E>J
EFN, 8E; =<<C K?@E>J K?8K & ;@;E[K 8CCFN DPJC<= KF 9<=FI<
DP @CCE<JJ. & J<< KILK?J 89FLK G<FGC< 8E; J@KL8K@FEJ M<IP
:C<8ICP. & J<< K?< >L@;<J K?8K N8CB N@K? JFD< G<FGC<. & J<<
JPD9FCJ @E DP D@E; K?8K 8I< D<JJ8><J =FI G<FGC<. 1?<J<
8I< K?@E>J K?8K & J8N 8E; =<CK 8J 8 PFLE> G<IJFE, 9LK K? XEFID8C.Y & ?8M< 8CJF K8B<E LG <EP
NFIB. & ?8M< 9<<E KFC; & 8D 8 XE8KLI8C ?<8C<I.Y & CFM< ?<CG-
@E> G<FGC< @E K?@J :8G8:@KP. 1F 9< 89C< KF LJ< DP CFM< 8E;
?<8C@E> <EP KF ?<CG FK?<IJ @J KILCP N?8K & 8D D<8EK KF
;F. 0@E:< N8B@E> LG =IFD K?@J XDFEB G<FGC< 8E; :@I:LDJK8E:<J
KF DP C@=<. *P I<C8K@FEJ?@GJ N<I< JKI<E>K?<E<;; JFD< N<I<
K<JK<; 8E; :?8CC<E><;, KFF. 1?< FLK:FD< ?8J 9<<E 9<8LK@=LC
N@K?@E DP @DD<;@8K< =8D@CP. 4< =@>?K, N< 9@:B<I, 8E; N<
P<CC JFD<K@D<J; 9LK, FLI CFM< @J <OGI<JJ<; DFI< =I<<CP 8E;
DFI< =I<HL<EKCP. ACC F= LJ BEFN K?8K C@=< @J GI<:@FLJ, =I8>-
@C<, 8E; 8 >@=K. & ?8M< =8:<; DP =<8IJ. & I<G<CC<; ;FNE 8 N8-
K<I=8CC, & C<K K?< I8@E N8J? 8N8P JFD< XJKL==Y @E K?<
I8@E=FI<JK F= FJK8 /@:8, & JEFIB<CC<;, & G8I8J8@C<;, & JGFB<
DP KILK?. & N8J 9C<JJ<; KF D<<K 8 E<N C@B<-D@E;<; =I@<E;
8=K?K
D< KF KILJK DPJ<C= @E K?@J E<N 89@C@KP. & ?8M< AF@E<; ?@J
9LJ@E<JJ X,[+@BFE:/8Y (,-+<<->L-C8) N?@:? D<8EJ, X,=
$FF; *@E;Y N?<E KI8EJC8K<; =IFD @KJ *F?8NB FI@>@EJ.
4< NFIB KF><K?P DF;8C@K@<J 8E; GIF>I8DD@E> =FI G<FGC< N?F 8I< @E
E<<; F= <EP 98C8E:@E>, 8E; =FI K?FJ< K?8K 8I< J<<B@E>
KF HL@<K K?<@I D@E;J KF =@E; K?<@I >@=KJ 8E; 8EJN<IJ N@K?@E.
& ?8M< :FD< KF I<8C@Q< K?8K C@=< @J KILCP D8>@:8C. 6<J, 8N=LC
K?@E>J :8E ?8GG<EUG8@E=LC K?@E>J :8E ?8GG<E; 9LK, N@K?@E
<8:? F= LJ C@<J 8 JKI<E>K? 8E; I<J@C@<E:P K?8K N< :8E 8::<JJ
8K 8EP >@M<E DFD<EK. &K @J J:8IP KF J?8I< K?@J JKFIP @E 8
GL9C@: =FILD. -<FGC< CFFB 8K K?@E>J K?IFL>? ;@==<I<EK =@C-
K<IJ. &[D EFK JLI< N?8K DP =I@<E;J, DP =8D@CP, DP JKL;<EKJ,
DP :C@<EKJ, FI DP E<@>?9FLIJ D@>?K K?@EB 89FLK N?8K &
?8M< J?8I<; ?<I<. BLK & ;F BEFN K?8K & KILJK DPJ<C=, & KILJK
DP 89@C@K@<J, 8E; @= & HL@<K DP D@E; <EFL>?U8CC F= K?< 8E-
JN<IJ 8I< N@K?@E D<. & J?8I< K?@J 9<:8LJ< K?<I< @J JFD<FE<
FLK K?<I< K?8K E<<;J K?@J D<JJ8>< =FI JFD< I<8JFE; 8E; DP
CFM< FLKN<@>?J DP =<8I.
#FI =LIK?
9P (<CC K?@J G8JK *8P, N< N<I< JF
<O:@K<; KF N<; CF:8CCP 8E; C@M< FLI M8CL<J @E K?8K N8P.
1?< M<EL< N8J 0K@CCN8K<IJ -C8K< & -FLI I@>?K @E K?< ?<8IK
F= -8I@J @E K?< 9<8LK@=LC FLEKP F= BI8EK. ,NE<I, *8KK
LDD@E>J, N<EK 89FM< 8E; 9<PFE; FM8@E
KF D8B< K?< ;8P ALJK I@>?K, KI8EJ=FID@E> ?@J I<JK8LI8EK @EKF
K?< G<I=<:K M<EL< =FI FLI :<I<DFEP 8E; FLI I<:<GK@FE. ?<=
4@CC 1?FDGJFE LK@C@Q<; 8E 8JJFIKD<EK F= =FF;, @E:CL;@E>
K?8K =IFD CF:8C =8ID<IJ KF D8B< 8 ;<C@:@FLJ D<EL =FI K?<
<M<E@E>, =@CC<; N@K? M8I@<KP 8E; K8JK< - @E:CL;@E> 8 M<IP
:I<8K@M< D@;E@>?K GFLK@E< 98I! AE; K?< JK8== N<I< JF
I<JGFEJ@M<, ?<CG=LC 8E; B@E; K?IFL>?FLK K?< <EK@I< E@>?K.
4< J@DGCP :FLC;E'K ?8M< 8JB<; =FI 8 9<KK KF <O<:LK@FE.
1?< G?FKFJ PFL J<< ?<I< 8I< =IFD K?< @E:I<;@9CP K8C<EK<;
'FEF & )8PE<. 1NF CF:8C G?FKF>I8G?<IJ N?F KFFB K?< :8I<
KF D<<K N@K? LJ, ><K KF BEFN LJ 9<=FI< K?< 9@> ;8P 8E;
NFIB<; N@K? LJ <M<IP JK<G F= K?< N8P =IFD CF:8K@FE J:FLK@E>
@E -8I@J, KF ?<CG@E> *8I: N@K? ?@J JLJG<E;<IJ 8E; :L==C@EBJ
N?<E ?< :FLC;E'K =@>LI< K?<D FLK N@K? FECP D@ELK<J KF >F.
1?<@I ?LDFLI, M<IJ8K@C@KP 8E; K?< K8C<EK K?8K J?FNJ @E <8:?
G?FKF K? @J 8M8@C89C< I@>?K ?<I< KF ?8M< K?< N<;;@E> F=
PFLI ;I<8DJ. #FI LJ K?@J D<8EK:
T /<M. 'FE8K?8E *8JJ@D@ =FI GI<-D8IK@8C :FLEJ<CC@E> 8E; 8
G@K:? G<I=<:K N<;;@E> :<I<DFEP =@CC<; N@K? C8L>?K<I,
K?FL>?K=LCE<JJ 8E; :8I<.
T #I@<E; F= 1?< A;MF:8K<, I8@> 8I;@==, =FI ?@J DLJ@:8C
JKPC@E>J ;LI@E> K?< :<I<DFEP 8E; K?< <8ICP G8IK F= K?<
I<:<GK@FE - ?< <M<E C<8IE<; FLI JFE> @E 3 ;8PJ!
T 0FG?@8'J B8B<IP =FI ;<C@:@FLJ ;<JJ<IKJ 8K FLI N<;;@E>,
I<?<8IJ8C, <E>8><D<EK G8IKP 8E; <M<E K?< 98:?<CFI G8IKP.
T #C@D #C8D =FI FLI !&6 N<;;@E> :I8=KJ, ;<:FI8K@FEJ 8E;
<M<IPK?@E> @E 9<KN<<E.
T $@>@ 1 -IF=<JJ@FE8C *8B<LG AIK@JKIP =FI K?< D8B<-LG
<O:<CC<E:<.
T -?FKF?FLJ< JKL;@FJ =FI <E>8><D<EK G?FKFJ.
T )PE;J8P *8IK@E 8K 0KL;@F ACCLI< =FI ?8@I ;<J@>E.
T 0<8DJ 0<N B<8LK@=LC 9P (8K?P =FI 8CK<I8K@FEJ 8E; 9I@;8C
A<N<CC<IP.
T *FFI<J CFK?@E> =FI *<E @E BI8EK=FI; 8E; <JG<:@8CCP
/F9<IK *@BFC8A:QPB =FI 8CC ?@J 8;M@:< 8E; J<IM@:<.
T )8 BFKK<>8 =FI K?< I<?<8IJ8C ;@EEJ =FI :8K<I@E> K?< 98:?<CFI G8IKP.
"M<IP J@E>C< GC8:< N< N<EK CF:8CCP KF JFLI:< D8K<I@8CJ =FI
FLI N<;;@E> ?@K @K FLK F= K?< G8IB! 1??. 1?8EB PFL
KF 8CC K?< CF:8C J?FGJ, M<EL<J 8E; G<FGC< N?F ?<CG<; D8B<
FLI N<;;@E> N?8K @K N8J.
0F I<D<D9F8CJ F= 1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< N8J KF ?@>?C@>?K
CF:8C JKFI@<J, CF:8C K8C<EK 8E; CF:8C JG8:<J.
AJ 8 :FLGC<, N< K8B< CF:8C M<IP J<I@FLJCP. &= PFL ;FE'K LJ<
@K PFL N@CC CFJ< @K. AE; @K @J KFF NFE;<I=LC KF CFJ<.
&E FLI =@IJK P<8I F= GL9C@:8K@FE, N< I<D<D9F@E>
FE "A;MF-;8K<J" N?<I< N< NFLC; K8B< 8 =<N K?FLJ8E;
G8G<IJ @E K?< 98:B F= FLI FC; -1 IL@J<I, 8E; JG<E; K?< ;8P
;<C@M<I@E> K?@J C@KKC< "EFK-E<NJG8G<I" @E K?< :@KP 8E;
:FLEKP. 4<'; K8B< 9I<8BJ KF >F =FI CLE:? FI ;@EE FE ?FN CFE> ;<C@M<IP KFFB -
F=K<E D<<K@E> LG N@K? )L:8J 8E; )8LI8 N?F NFLC; 9<
;F@E> K?< J8D< B@E; F= ;<C@M<I@<J.
4<'; JKFG @E 8K JF D8EP E@:< J?FGJ 8E; I<JK8LI8EKJ 8E; ><K
KF BEFN K?< G<FGC< N?F I8E K?<D, NFIB<; @E K?<D 8E;
=I<HL<EK<; K?<D. 0FD< F= K?FJ< 9LJ@E<JJ<J 8I< =CFLI@J?@E>,
FK?<IJ ?8E>@E> FE, N?@C< JK@CC FK?<IJ 8I< >FE<. BLK K?FJ<
"A;MF-;8K<J" 9<:8D< 8E 89JFCLK< ?@>?C@>?K F= K?@J M<EKLI<
8E; 8 N8P KF =FC; FLI 9LJ@E<JJ ;LK@<J @EKF FLI I<C8K@FEJ?@G
K@D<. AJ K?< A;MF:8K< >I<N, JF ;@; FLI I<C8K@FEJ?@G.
1?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< 8CJF >8M< LJ 8E FGGFIKLE@KP KF GLK 8
C8I>?K FE K?< M@IKL<J F= CF:8C. -8IK F= K?< BI8EK
A;MF:8K<'J D@JJ@FE N8J KF :<C<9I8K< CF:8C. 1?8K :FLC;
D<8E J?FGG@E> CF:8C, M@J@K@E> CF:8C FI <M<E ?8M@E> :FLGC<J
N<; CF:8C. AJ =8I 98:B 8J FLI =@IJK P<8I F= GL9C@:8K@FE,
B<B8? NIFK< 8 NFE;<I=LC G@<:< 89FLK 2 8D8Q@E> CF:8C N<;;@E>J
(FE< 8K *F?8NB -8IB, 8EFK? )F:8C 18C<EK: 'FEF & )8PE@< (-?FKF + #@CD) 0K@CCN8K<IJ 4<;;@E>
9P *8I: & /<9<B8? )8=<II@<I<
A=K8E@Q8K@FE, BI8EK=FI; 6FLK? -I@;< ?<C;
@KJ =@IJK <M8P, 9@J<OL8C, KI8EJ*
8E; HL<<; 13-21 FE #I@-
;8P, 'LE< 13K? 8K K?< $I8E; /@M?K, GC8EE<; 9P PFLK? =FI
PFLK?, N8J @CCLD@E8K<; 9P 8 =LCC DFFE 8E; N8J :FDGC<K<
N@K? CF:8C G<I=FID<IJ, GF<KIP, =FF; 8E; :I8=KJ. 1?< KLIEFLK
N8J 8JKFE@J?@E>, 8J BI8EK=FI;'J PFLK? =FID<; 8 B@E;, N8ID
8KDFJG?<I< DL:? E<<;<; N@K?@E BI8EK=FI;'J )$B1.
:FDDLE@KP. 1?<J< <M<EKJ 8I< M@K8C =FI FLI :FDDLE@KP, 8J
8::FI;@E> KF /8@E9FN %<8CK? ,EK8I@F, K?< JL@:@;< I@JB =FI
PFLK? N@K?@E K?< )$B1. :FDDLE@KP @J E<8ICP =FLIK<<E
K@D<J ?@>?<I K?8E K?8K F= K?<@I ?<K<IFJ<OL8C G<<IJ, 8E;
K?<I<'J 8E @E:I<8J<; I@JB F= JL9JK8E:< 89LJ<, @JFC8K@FE 8E;
89LJ< 8K ?FD<, J:?FFC 8E; N@K?@E JF:@<KP. A GFJ@K@M< :FD-
DLE@KP, C@B< K?< FE< =FID<; FE #I@;8P, @J 8JJF:@8K<; N@K?
;<:I<8J<; ;<GI<JJ@FE, JL@:@;8C LI><J 8E; JL9JK8E:< 89LJ<.
1?@J 8KDFJG?<I< GIFDFK<; 8::<GK8E:< 8E; I<JG<:K N?@C<
:I<8K@E> 8E FM<I8CC CFM@E> <EM@IFED<EK, 8JJ@JK@E> LJ 8CC @E
=<<C@E> K?< CFM< N< ;<J<IM<.
A :CFJ<-BE@K :FDDLE@KP =FID<; N@K?@E K?< K?I<< ?FLIJ F=
K?< F==<< %FLJ< N?<I< N< C@JK<E<; KF J<M<I8C CF:8C
K<<E8>< G<I=FID<IJ; @E:CL;@E> 8E 8:FLJK@: J<K =IFD *8KK
8DG9<CC, N?@C< D8B@E> :I8=KJ 8E; K8B@E> G@:KLI<J KF-
><K?? N< BE<N <8:?
FK?<D<EK. ,E< >@IC N<EK LG FE
JK8>< 8E; I<8; 8 ?<8IK=<CK GF<D ;<:C8I@E> ?@IC=I@<E;, @IB@E> K<8IJ =IFD K?< 8L;@<E:<, 8E; FE< >LP
N<EK FE JK8>< 8E; =I<<CP JGFB< 89FLK ?@J JKIL>>C<J F=
GFM<IKP, 8;;@:K@FE 8E; JGFB< 89FLK JL@:@;<. ,E< F= ?@J
C@E<J JGFB< 89FLK ?FN DFJK F= LJ D8B< @K K?IFL>? FLI
JKIL>>C<J, N@K? J:8IJ KF J?FN =FI @K. 1?8K M<IP DFD<EK, K?<
;8IB<JK DFD<EK F= K?< <EK@I< E@>?K, D8IB<; N?<E N< 8CC
I<8C@Q<; K?8K N< ?8M< D8;< @K, 8E; N< 8I< KF><K?<I, 8CC
?8GGP, 8CC 8C@M< 8E; N@CC :FEK@EL< KF D8B< @K 9<:8LJ< K?<I<
8I< JF D8EP G<FGC< FE FLI J@;<. %@J GIF=FLE; JG<<:? D8;<
K?< <EK@I< IFFD J@C<EK, 9LK =FI 8CC F= K?< I@>?K I<8JFEJ. &K
N8J 8 I<D@E; N8J >F@E> KF 9< FB8P, 8E;
8CC F= K?8K @JFC8K@FE JFD< F= LJ LJ<; KF =<<C N8J >FE< =FI
EFN. %< ;<:C8I<; K?8K K?<J< <M<EKJ 8I< N?8K N< 8CC E<<;
9<:8LJ< @K'J ;@==@:LCK I<8:?@E> FLK N@K?@E BI8EK=FI;, 8J
K?<I< 8I< C@D@K<; )$B1. =I@<E;CP GC8:<J =FI PFLK?. 0FD<
J:?FFCJ D8P ?8M< $8P 0KI8@>?K ACC@8E:<J, N?<I< =I@<E;-
J?@GJ 8E; =8D@C@<J 8I< D8;<, 9LK JFD< PFLK? N?F ;F EFK
I<>LC8ICP 8KK<E; J:?FFCJ, 8I< LE:FD=FIK89C< 8KK<E;@E> ;L<
KF =<8I, FI N?F 8KK<E; J:?FFCJ N@K?FLK $8P 0KI8@>?K AC-
C@8E:<J E<M>C<J, @E:I<8J@E> ;<GI<JJ@FE 8E; 8E>JK. 0GF-
B<E 4FI; -F<K, AE;I<8 $@9JFE NIFK<, X1?< +LKI@K@FE@JKY
8J 8 I<JGFEJ< KF JL@:@;<J 8DFE> K?<J< PFLK?J, 8E; JGFB<
89FLK N?P @K @J @DGFIK8EK =FI LJ 8CC KF I<8C@Q< N< 8I< E<M @J K?< G8@E @J E<M KF K?< DFD<EK K?< >I@<= 9<:FD<J 8
N@E;FN
4?<E & :8E J<< N?8K & :FLC;E[K J<< 9<=FI<,
K?IFL>? K?< >C8JJ F= DP DFJK 98KK<I<; ;I<8D, & N8K:?<; 8
;8E;<C@FE CFJ< @KJ D@E; @E K?< N@E;
8E; N?<E @K ;@;, @K J:8KK<I<; 8 K?FLJ8E; J<<;J.
@= K?< FECP K?@E> N< ?8M< KF >8@E @E JK8P@E> @J <8:? FK?<I,
DP >F; K?8K[J GC<EKP
DP >F; K?8K[J <EFL>?
DP >F; K?8K @J JF JF DL:? =FI K?< C@>?K KF >@M<
<8:? F= LJ 8K <8:? FK?<I[J 98:BJ N?@JG<I@E> FM>C<J F=
:FD@E> FLK, K?< =<8IJ F= I<A<:K@FE, NFE;<I@E> N?F NFLC;
<M KF :FG< N@K? JF DL:? =<8I,
G8@E 8E; K?< N<@>?K F= PFLI @;<EK@KP FE PFLI J?FLC;<IJ.
BLK K?<J< <M<EKJ <E:FLI8>< PFLK? KF ><K FLK @EKF K?< :FD-
DLE@KP KF =@E; FK?<IJ N@K? J@D@C8I @;<EK@K@<J, 8E; 8JJ@JK
N@K? 9L@C;@E> :FE=@;<E:< @E N?F K?
K?< 8EO@<KP 8E; =<8IJ F= <D9I8:@E> N?F K??K
N8J =@CC<; N@K? GI@Q<J, 9LKKFEJ 8E; =LE. 4< 8CC C<=K ?8GGP,
=LCC F= ?FD<D8;< 98B<; >FF;J 8E; G@QQ8 8E; N@K? JF
D8EP E<N =I@<E;J. 1?< KLIEFLK F= 89FLK KN<EKP G<FGC< FE
8 JLDD?K J?FN<; K?8K K?<I< 8I< JF D8EP F= LJ @E
BI8EK=FI; >F@E> K?IFL>? J@D@C8I K?@E>J. +FE< F= LJ 8I<
<M<K89C< >8I;<E @E
DP =IFEK P8I;.
*P C@=< KF;8P @J DL:? ;@==<I<EK K?8E @K N8J 10 FI 15 P<8IJ
8>F. ACK?FL>?, &[D JLI< N< :8E 8CC J8P K?8K KF JFD< <OK<EK.
BLK & D<8E I<8CCP ;@==<I<EK, C@B< 180 ;<>I<<J ;@==<I<EK.
*P FC; =I@<E;J ?8M< EFK@:<; @K 8E; &[M< 9<<E 8JB<; 9P
K?<D D8EP K@D<J, X4?8K >@M<J?Y 6FL J<<, K?<K D< NIFE>, & :8I<; 98:B K?<E KFF, @K[J ALJK K?8K
K?< K?@E>J & :8I<; 89FLK K?<E N<I< M<IP ;@==<I<EK K?@E>J
8E; @E D8EP :8J<J K?
@J, X& :8I< 89FLK FK?<IJ EFNY. B<:FD@E> 8 G8I<EK N@CC ;F
K?8K KF PFL. &K[J 8 I<HL@I<D<EK F= K?< AF9 ;<J:I@GK@FE KF :8I<
=FI G<FGC< 8E; K?@E>J FK?L<JJ CFFB@E> 98:B & I<8C@Q< &
N8JE[K KILCP ;@==<I<EK 98:B K?<E, & N8J ALJK KFF GI<F::LG@<;
N@K? DP FNE C@=< KF /"A))6 :8I< 89FLK FK?<IJ. &[D EFK
JF GI<F::LG@<; 8EPDFI<. 1?@E>J C@B< K?< <EM@IFED<EK, :C@-
D8K< :?8E><, JLJK8@E89@C@KP 8E; JF:@8C ALJK@:< @JJL<J D8KK<, @K ?8GG<E<; M<IP JCFNCP. 6FL BEFN
K?< B@E; F= JCFNCP &[D K8CB@E> 89FLK, I@>?K? &K[J K?< CFFB@E>
@E K?< D@IIFI FE< ;8P NFE;<I@E> N?<I< 8CC K?< NI@EBC<J
8E; >I...N?<E ;@; K?8K ?8GG<E?
& K8B< K?< K@D< EFN. +FK ALJK K@D< KF :8I< 89FLK FK?<IJ 9LK
K@D< KF ;F K?@E>J =FI FK?<IJ KFF. 1@D< KF ;F K?@E>J C@B<
GC8EK 8 M<><K89C< >8I;<E @E DP =IFEK P8I; 8E; >@M< 8N8P
K?< GIF;L:< KF DP E<@>?9FLIJ. 1?< :8K:?? 0@DGC<. ,LI
>8I;<E @J :8CC<; K?< -8P @K #FIN8I; $8I;<E. ACC & 8JB @J
K?8K PFL G8P @K =FIN8I;. &;<8CCP K?8K D<8EJ PFL GC8EK PFLI
FNE -8P @K #FIN8I; $8I;<E 8K PFLI ?FLJ< 8E; KF><K?@M< 98:B KF FK?<IJ @E DP :FD-
DLE@KP.
4<[M< ?8; HL@K< 8 I<JGFEJ< =IFD K?< E<@>?9FLI?FF; KF FLI
C@KKC< >8I;<E JF =8I. 0FD< G<FGC< JKFG FE K?< J@;<N8CB
N?@C< & 8D NFIB@E> @E K?< >8I;<E KF K<CC D< & 9<KK K?<DJ<CM<J. &K[J @EK<I-
<JK@E> KF J<< K?< CFFB FE K?<@I =8:<J N?<E & K<CC K?<D K?8K[J
<O8:KCP K?< GF@EK. ,E:< & <OGC8@E N?8K N< 8I< KIP@E> KF ;F,
D8EP K<CC D< N?8K 8 NFE;<I=LC @;<8 @K @J 8E; 8 =<N J8P K?8K
N<[M< @EJG@I<; K?<D KF ;F @K. &K[J 9<<E 8 M<IP >FF; :FE-
M<IJ8K@FE JK8IK :FDDLE@KP. -CLJ, N< ><K
KFD8KF<J.
0F N?8K[J K?< DFI8C F= K?< JKFIP K?8K & N8EK PFL KF K8B<
=IFD 8CC K?@J? X&K[J E<MY @J 8
>FF; FE<. X!F FEKF FK?<IJY FI X4<[I< 8CC @E K?@J KF><K?<IY
NFIBJ KFF. XB< K?< :?8E>< PFL N8EK KF J<< @E K?< NFIC;.Y
6<J KF 8CC F= @KU8CC F= K?8K @J >I<8K. BLK K?< KILK? @J &[D JK@CC
NFIB@E> K?@J FLK =FI DPJ<C=. & >L<JJ @= & ?8; KF JLD @K LG
@E 8 @E 8 :8K:?P K8> C@E<, @K NFLC; 9< K?@J: 18B< K?< K@D<.
18B< K?< 1@D<
9P AE;P 1FEB@E, #8:<9FFB: AE;P 1FEB@E
'F?E >I<N LG "%<I<." A=K ?@J K<<K? 8E; :FD9-
@E> ?@J ?8@I 8 J8K@J=8:KFIP ELD9<I F= K@D<J, ?@J =8K? JLEC@>?K 8E; M8CC<PJ K?8K JD<CC<; F= JN<<K
8CPJJLD. X"CJ<N?<I<Y K?<I< N<I< D<E N?F CFM<; 8J ?<
@D8>@E<; CFM< 9<@E>. 1?8K G<I=<:K CFM< K?8K GF<KJ NIFK<
@;PCC@: JFEE<KJ 89FLK. A CFM< K?8K 'F?E ?8; >IFNE A<8CFLJ
F=, 9<@E> G8IK F= K?< G<;<JKI@8E D8JJ<J JL9A<:K<; KF 8 9@IK?
8E; I<8I@E> "%<I<.Y
X%<I<Y N8J ;@==<I<EK K?8E X"CJ<N?<I<.Y 1?< JLEJ<KJ
N<I<E'K 8J I<;. &K'J JKI<<KJ N<I< :I8:B<; 8E; KFF D8EP
X%<I<@8EJY JDFB<;. +FK G@G<J <@K?<I. 1?FE "1?<I<". "1?<I<" ?8; 8 DF;-
<JK D8CC N?<I< 'F?E'J =8K? JLGGC@<J
=FI K?<@I KI@G X"CJ<N?<I<.Y 4?8K 8 KI@G K?@J NFLC; 9<. AK
K?< <E; F= <M<IP DFEK?, K?<I< NFLC; 9< <EFL>? DFE<8I. A K<EK ?<I<
8E; 8 FC<D8E 9LIE?K FECP F= K?<DJ<CM<J. 'F?E'J =8K?<I N8J
JLI< K?8K K?<P ?8; E<M<I ?<8I; F= X"CJ<N?<I<.Y %FN :FLC;
K?I<N KF ?8K< X%<I<.Y AE; ?< CF8K?<; X1?<I<.Y
'F?E'J =8K?<I ;@<;. &K N8J EFK 8 J8; JKFIP <O:<GK KF J8P K?8K
?8I; K@D<J ?8; ?@K X%<I<.Y 0F DL:? JF K?8K K?< K<EK ?8;
9<<E JFC; KF 9LP JK8:BJ F= :8EE<; :FIE 8E; K?< FC<D8E
9LIE? K?8K 'F?E :FLC;E[K KFC<I8K<
X%<I<Y 8EP CFE><I. &E K?< N@CC<;-N8>FE, 'F?E 9<>8E ;I@M-
@E> =FI X"CJ<N?<I<Y N@K?FLK JF DL:? 8J 8 >FF;9P<, K?FL>?
K?<I< N<I< EF E<@>?9FLIJ ?< BE<N N<CC <EFL>? KF J8P
>FF;9P< KF 8EP?FN. %< :LIJ<; X%<I<Y 8J ?< JG<; K?IFL>?
KFNE. X&[CC E<M8@E!" 'F?E
J?FLK<; 8J ?< KFI< 8 JKI@G ;FNE K?< FI;@E8IP X1?<I<@8EY
JKI<<KJ N@K? X"CJ<N?<I<Y FE ?@J D@E;.
'F?E ;IFM< 8E; ;IFM<. 1?< JG<<;@E> K@:B<K =IFD 8E LE=8-
D@C@8I C8E; ?< ;@;E'K BEFN <O@JK<; ;@;E'K ;<K8I;<EJ 8E; <8K N?8K
K??K<IJ; =@E;
N@M<J =FI PFLI JFEJ 8E; >@M< PFLI ;8L>?K<IJ @E D8II@8><.
0<<B K?< G<8:< 8E; GIFJG<I@KP F= K?< :@KP KF N?@:? & ?8M<
:8II@<; PFL @EKF <O@C<. -I8P KF K?< )FI; =FI @K, 9<:8LJ< @= @K
GIFJG<IJ, PFL KFF N@CC GIFJG<I.Y '<I<D@8? R 600B
1?< *PK? F= "CJ<N?<I<
9P !8M< 8IIFC, #8:<9FFB: !8M< 8IIFC
4< 8GG<8I KF 9< =@O8K<; N@K? XG<I=<:K :I@D<JY. #IFD
)@QQ@< BFI;<E, K?IFL>? K?< $I<8K 1I8@E /F99<IP KF M8I@FLJ
8IK ?<@JKJ, K?< K?FL>?K F= JFD<FE< <E>@E<<I@E> K?< :I@D<
F= K?< :<EKLIP ?8J ><E<I8K<; <E;C<JJ 9<JKJ<CC<IJ 8E; 8:K@FE
DFM@<J. /<:<EKCP, @E K?< K?IF<J F= 8EFK?E ;FD@E8K<; 9P E<>8K@M< :8DG8@>E@E> 8E; DFEFJPC-
C89@: JCF>8EJ, & N8J I<=C<:K@E> FE ?FN DL:? F= K?<
;@J:FLIJ< ?8J :<EKI<; FE X8LJK<I@KPY 8E; D8B@E> JLI< K?8K
N< 8I< X=@J:8CCP I<JGFEJ@9C<Y. AJ & N8J I<=C<:K@E> @E K?@J,
@K JL;;<ECP JKIL:B D< K?8K K?< G<I=<:K :I@D< D8P N<CC ?8M<
9<<E :FDD@KK<; V 8E; EFK 8CC K?8K CFE> 8>F!
& 8D JG<8B@E> 89FLK K?< X=@E8E:@8C :I@J@JY F= 2008. *FJK
F= LJ 8I< 8N8I< K?8K K?< D<CK;FNE K?8K KFFB GC8:< 8K K?8K
K@D< I<GI<J<EK<; K?< DFJK J<I@FLJ :?8CC<E>< KF FLI <:F-
EFD@: JPJK<D J@E:< K?< :I8J? F= 1929 8E; @KJ =8CCFLK. 4?8K
& K?@EB K?8K K?< D8AFI@KP F= G<FGC< ?8M< =FI>FKK<E, ?FN<M<I,
@J K?8K K?< :I@J@J N8J GI<:@G@K8K<; 9P K?< >I<<; F= 8 =8@ICP
JD8CC >IFLG F= @E;@M@;L8CJ. 1?< N<CC I<JG<:K<; D8>8Q@E<,
1?< ":FEFD@JK, @E <O8D@E@E> K?< IFFKJ F= K?< :I@J@J @E 8
0<GK<D9<E<J@J K?@J N8P:
4@K? ?8C= 8 ;<:8;<[J ?@E;J@>?K, @K @J :C<8I K?< :I@J@J ?8;
DLCK@GC< :8LJ<J. 1?< DFJK F9M@FLJ @J K?< =@E8E:@<IJ K?<D-
J<CM<JW<JG<:@8CCP K?< @II8K@FE8CCP <OL9<I8EK AE>CF-08OFE
JFIK, N?F :C8@D<; KF ?8M< =FLE; 8 N8P KF 98E@J? I@JB N?<E
@E =8:K K?LC8KFIJ 8CJF 9<8I 9C8D<, =FI @K N8J K?IFNK?W=FJK<I<; :FDGC8:<E:P 8E;
I@JB-K8B@E>U.0FD< I<J<8I:? 8CJF @DGC@:8K<J "LIFG<8E
98EBJ, N?@:? 9FIIFN<; >I<<;@CP @E AD<I@:8E DFEP J<-
:LI@K@<J.
-<FGC< N?F FL>?K KF ?8M< BEFNE 9<KKLCC@9C< @E-
M<JKFIJ @E 8 D8EE8C. AE; P<K, 8CC K?<J< P<8IJ
C8K@8EK 8LKFD8B<IJ, 8E;
K?< ;<-JK89@C@Q8K@FE F= <EK@I< JK8K<J V M@IKL8CCP EF9F;P ?8J
9<<E ?<C; 8::FLEK89C<.
& K?@EB K?@J GF@EK 9<8IJ I<G<8K@E>: ;<JG@K< K?< =C8>I8EK ;@J-
I<>8I; F= 9<JK GI8:K@:< 8E; <K?@:8C 8E; C<>8C >L@;<C@E<J 9P
;FQ<EJ F= =@E8E:@8C @E;LJKIP @EJ@;<IJ, M@IKL8CCP EF9F;P ?8J
9<<E GLE@J?<; =FI K?< E<8I ;<JKIL:K@FE F= K?< NFIC; <:FE-
FDP. &= K?8K ;F<J EFK :FEJK@KLK< K?< XI@D< F= K?< <EKLIPY
& 8D EFK JLI< N?8K NFLC; HL8C@=P.
& ?8M< 9<<E =8J:@E8K<; N@K? K?< N8PJ @E N?@:? K?< I<G<I-
:LJJ@FEJ F= 2008 ?8M< :FEK@EL<; KF D8B< K?<DJ<CM<J =<CK
@E D8EP 8I<8J F= C@=<. AJ & 8D 8E <;L:8KFI, & NFLC; C@B< KF
=F:LJ FE ?FN @K ?8J 8==<:K<; DP FNE MF:8K@FE 8E; K?< JPJ-
K<D F= ?@>?<E<I8CCP. A;;@K@FE8CCP, &
NFLC; C@B< KF JL>><JK 8 N8P FLK F= K?< :LII<EK ;@C<DD8
=8:<; 9P @EJK@KLK@FEJ F= ?@>?, FE< K?8K NFLC; J<<
JFD< F= K?FJ< I<JGFEJ@9C< =FI 2008 G8P @E FI;<I KF K<DG<I
JFD< F= @KJ <==<:KJ. &K @J 8 N8P K?8K ?8J I<:<@M<; I<D8IB89CP
C@KKC< GL9C@:@KP FE K?@J J@;< F= K?< AKC8EK@:, ;<JG@K< K?< @D-
GFIK8EK ;<98K< @K ?8J 8IFLJ<; @E "LIFG<.
1F 9< =8@I, & ?8M< KF 8;D@K K?8K K?< JK8K< F= =LE;@E> =FI
?@>?FM<IED<EKJ
?8; I<;L:<; G KF LE@M<IJ@K@<J J@E:< K?<
E<N D@CC<EE@LD, 8J K?< K89C< @CCLJKI8K<J M<IP N<CC. 1?<
$472 G<I JKL;<EK ;<:C@E< J@E:< 2008-09 NFIBJ FLK KF 8
J?FIK=8CC F= DFI< K?8E $1.4 D@CC@FE =FI 8 :8DGLJ V C@B<
)8LI@>C@E> KF N<8K? JLGGFIK =IFD K?< >FM<IED<EK, K?IFN, ?FG@E>
<8:? P<8I KF G8P F== K?< GI<M@FLJ P<8I[J J?FIK=8CC 9P M@IKL<
F= K?< KL@K@FE G8@; 9P (8DFE> FK?P K?8K @J ;FFD<; KF =8@CLI<. 4?8K @J E<<;<; @J
8 =LE;8D<EK8C I<K?@EB@E> F= I<M<EL< JKI<8DJ. ,E< @;<8 ?8J
I<:<EKCP >8@E<; GFGLC8I@KP @E G8IKJ F= "LIFG<: 8 #@E8E:@8C
1I8EJ8:K@FE 18O FI #11.
1?< @;<8 F= C<MP@E> 8 :?8I>< FE =@E8E:@8C KI8EJ8:K@FEJ @J
EFK E<N. &K N8J =@IJK GIFGFJ<; @E 1972 9P -IF=. '8D<J
1F9@E, 8 +F9<C )8LI<8K< @E ":FEFD@:J (1981). *FI< I<-
:<EKCP, K?< "LIFG<8E 2E@FE ?8J 9<>LE KF :FEJ@; K?< <:FEFD@: :I@J@J N?@CJK >FM<IED<EKJ
8E; "LIFG<8E :@K@Q<EJ 8K C8I>< ?8M< 9FIE< K?< :FJK.Y FE-
J<HL<EKCP, @K N8J E<:<JJ8IP KF <EJLI< K?8K XK?< =@E8E:@8C
J<:KFI J?FLC; :FEKI@9LK< DFI< =8@ICP >@M<E K?< :FJKJ F=
;<8C@E> N@K? K?< :I@J@J 8E; K?< :LII<EK LE;<I-K8O8K@FE F=
K?< J<:KFI.Y
1?< #11 LE;< F= KI8EJ8:K@FEJ @E:CL;@E> GLI:?8J< F= JKF:BJ
8E; ;<I@M8K@M<J. &K NFLC; C<MP 8 0.1% :?8I>< FE :<IK8@E
KI8EJ8:K@FEJ 8E; 8 0.01% :?8I>< FE FK?<IJ. "JK@D8K<J F=
K?< I<M<EL< K?8K NFLC; 9< ><E<I8K<; ?8M< M8I@<; J@>E@=@-
:8EKCP N@K? JFD< <OG<IKJ GI<;@:K@E> 8 N@E;=8CC F= LGN8I;J
F= \300 9@CC@FE (K?8K[J 9@CC@FE N@K? 8 9).
1?< #11 @J 8GG<8C@E> EFK J@DGCP =FI @KJ @E:FD< ><E<I8K@E>
GIFG<IK@<J <@K?<I. AJ 8 I<:<EK B8EB F= 8E8;8 8E8CPJ@J
GF@EK<; FLK X%@JKFI@:8CCP, K?<I< ?8M< 9<<E KNF DFK@M8K@E>
=8:KFIJ =FI K?< @EKIF;L:K@FE F= K?< K8O. 1?< =@IJK @J @KJ GF-
K<EK@8C KF I8@J< JL9JK8EK@8C I<M<EL<J, 8E; K?< J<:FE; @J @KJ
G<I:<@M<; GFK<EK@8C KF ;@J:FLI8>< JG<:LC8K@M< KI8;@E> 8E;
I<;L:< MFC8K@C@KP.Y $@M<E K?< JL==<I@E> F::8J@FE<; 9P K?<
2008 :FCC8GJ<, K?< E<<; KF I<;L:< JG<:LC8K@M< K<E;<E:@<J
?8J 8JJLD<; >I<8KLC8K@FE
?8J GIFM<; @E<==<:K@M<.
&K @J J8=< KF J8P K?8K K?<I< @J EFK P<K :FEJ<EJLJ 89FLK K?<
8GGIFGI@8K<E<JJ F= 8E #11. 1?< "LIFG<8E 2E@FE ?8J 9<<E
JGC@K 9P K?< GIFGFJ8C N@K? 8 >IFLG F= 11 D<D9 8?<8; N?@C< FK?<IJ ?8M< FGGFJ<; K?< D<8JLI<. 1?<
8E8;@8E >FM<IED<EK GFJ@K@FE ?8J 8CJF 9<<E 8>8@EJK JL:?
8 K8O.
1?< =8:K I<D8@EJ K?8K K?< @DGC<D<EK8K@FE F= JL:? 8 K8O
:FLC; I8@J< 9@CC@FEJ F= ;FCC8IJ, N?@:? :FLC; K?<E 9< =LE-
E<C<; @EKF GI@FI@KP 8I<8J JL:? 8J ?<8CK?:8I<, <;L:8K@FE 8E;
G<EJ@FE I<=FID. B8J<; FE 2013 ;8K8 =IFD K?< &EK<IE8K@FE8C
*FE<K8IP #LE;, K?< 8E8;@8E <:FEFDP @J 89FLK 1/10 K?<
J@Q< F= K?< "2[J <:FEFDP. "M<E @= N< K8B< 8 DFI< :FEJ<I-
M8K@M< <JK@D8K< F= K?< GFJJ@9C< I<M<EL< ><E<I8K<; V J8P
\30 9@CC@FE V K?8K NFLC; D<8E @E:FD< F= 89FLK \3 9@CC@FE
FI $4.44 9@CC@FE. &= K?@J KFK8C N<I< J?8I<; 8DFE> K?< GI<JJ-
@E> JF:@8C @E@K@8K@M<J C@JK<; 89FM< @K :FLC; P@<C; @E <O:<JJ
F= $1 9@CC@FE =FI GFJK-J<:FE;8IP @EJK@KLK@FEJ.
AE @E=LJ@FE F= K?@J B@E; F= :8J? NFLC; :FDG<EJ8K< =FI
G<I<EE@8C >FM<IED<EK LE;<I=LE;@E>, N?@:? @J D8E@=<JK<;
@E I@J@E> KL@K@FE 8E; JKL;<EK ;<9K, >IFN@E> :C8JJ J@Q<J,
C89FLI MFC8K@C@KP 8E; @E:I<8J@E> I<C@8E:< FE G8IK K@D< 8:8-
;<D@: C89FLI V 8CC F= N?@:? K?I<8K<E K?< HL8C@KP F= <;L:8-
K@FE. &K NFLC; 8CJF I<JKFI< JFD< =8@K? @E 8 JPJK<D K?8K
8GG<8IJ KF ?8M< 8CCFN<; :I@D@E8C@KP KF >F LEGLE@J?<;.
4< 8I< I<>LC8ICP I<>8C<; N@K? JKFI@<J F= N<C=8I< :?<8KJ
N?F ?8M< ;<=I8L;<; K?< JPJK<D F= K<EJ F= K?FLJ8E;J F=
;FCC8IJ. %FC;@E> K?< =@E8E:@8C J<:KFI KF 8::FLEK =FI @KJ I<-
:<EK 9<?8M@FI N@CC ?<CG ;@JG<C K?< @E:I<8J@E>CP :FDDFE
9<C@<= K?8K K?<I< 8I< KNF J<KJ F= C8NJ V FE< =FI K?< N<8CK?P
8E; K?< FK?<;. AK K?< J8D< K@D<, @K
NFLC; 8CCFN LJ KF I<M<IJ< P<8IJ F= >FM<IED<EK E<>C@><E:<
F= GFJK-J<:FE;8IP <;L:8K@FE 8E; <EJLI< K?8K 8 D<8E@E>=LC
@EM<JKD<EK @J D8;< @E PFLE> G<FGC<.
I@D< F= K?< <EKLIP? -<I?8GJ I@D< :8E 9< *8;< KF -8P!
9P -<K@8
& I<D<D9 N@K? DP DFD
8IFLE; KFNE 8E; @EKF K?< :FLEKIP FE 0LE;8P 8=K<IEFFEJ
J<<@E> K?< J@K<J; K?< :?8E>@E> F= J<8JFEJ; 8CC K?< C@KKC<
KFNEJ 8E; ?8DC<KJ K?8K G<GG 8
CFM K8CC ?<I<, 8E; E<JKC<;
@E K?<I<. &K[J 8CN8PJ 9<<E JFD<K?@E> K?8K JKL:B N@K? D<,
K?@J CFM< =FI FC; ?FLJ<J. 1?I<<K <M<IP;8P. 0FD< 8I< :8I<; =FI 8E;
:FEK<EK. ,K?<IJ 8I< CFE<CP. 0FD< =<<C DLK@C8K<; 8E; ;<-
=FID<; N?@C< FK?<IJ 8I< M@IKL8CCP DLJ<LDJ, :8LJ@E> LJ KF
JK<G 98:B @E K@D< FE:< N< :IFJJ K?<@I K?I<J?FC; 8E; JL:-
:<<;@E> @E I<D@E;@E> LJ F= 8 ;@==<I<EK N8P @E N?8K @J EFN
8 DL:? ;@==<I<EK NFIC;.
1?<I< @J JFD<K?@E> 89FLK
C@M@E> 8DFE>JK NFF; K?8K
D8P EFN 8>< 500 P<8IJ FI
DFI<. *L:? F= @K :LK =IFD
K?< KI<<J K?8K N<I< >IFN-
@E> ?<I< 9<=FI< K?< =@IJK
J<KKC<IJ 8II@M<;. 1?< N8P
K?<E<I8K@FEJ
K?8K N<I< 9FIE, C@M<;, 8E;
;@<; LE; K?< I<J@;L8C
G8JK 8E; <EI@:?@E> K?<
GI<J<EK.
ACK?FL>? 8 C@KKC< C<JJ EFN
;L< KF E<>C<:K 8E; 98; ;<-
:@J@FE D8B@E>, BI8EK=FI; 8E; JLIIFLE;@E> 8I<8 ?8J 8 I@:?
8I:?@K<:KLI8C ?@JKFIP. 1?<I< 8I< K@D<J N?<E & 9CLI DP <P<J
8 C@KKC< N8CB@E> ;FNE K?< JKI<<K 8E; KIP KF @D8>@E< K?< 8<J-
K?<K@:J F= FLI FC;<JK E<@>?9FLI?FF;J 8E; ?FN K? 8;;@K@FEJ, 9<?@E; 8CC K?< M@EPC, G<<C@E> G8@EK,
;IFG :<@C@E>J, I<GC8:<D<EK N@E;FNJ, NFF; G8E<C@E> 8E;
JKL::F (8 M<E<I<8C ;@J<8J< ?FLJ<J :FEKI8:K) K?<I< @J JFD<-
K?@E> JK@CC K?<I< F= <EFIDFLJ :?8I8:K FC; NFF;<E
N@E;FNJ. 1?<I< @J 8 N?FC< @E;LJKIP J<K FE :FEM@E:@E> LJ
K?8K FC; 3@:KFI@8E N@E;FNJ E<<; KF 9< I<GC8:<; N@K? M@EPC.
1?@EB 89FLK @KU 1?< N@E;FNJ @E DP ?FLJ< ?8M< 9<<E
K?<I< =FI 144 P<8IJ <E;LI@E> FE< F= K?< DFJK ;I8JK@: :C@-
D8K<J FE K?< GC8E<K. 3@EPC N@E;FNJ ?8M< 8 20 P<8I N8I-
I8EKP, 8I< @E:I<;@9CP <OG<EJ@M<, ;FE[K :FD< @E :LIM<J 8E;
K?<I<=FI< @EJK8EKCP IL@E K?< =8:8;< F= D8EP ?FD<J 8E; GL9-
C@: JG8:<J. 4@K? K?< <D<E:< F= CF:8C @EEFM8K@M< 9LJ@-
E<JJ<J C@B< Z-8I8;@>D 0?@=K LJKFDJ -%<I@K8>< BL@C;@E>
/<JKFI8K@FE 0G<:@8C@JK[ C<; 9P !I<N 0:L:<, CF:8C :I8=KJ-
D<E N?F 9<C@<M< @E N?8K K? N@E;FNJ, N?P 8I< K?<I< JF
D8EP M@EPC N@E;FNJ J<K FE K?<@I G8K? F= ;<K<I@FI8K@FE 8E;
><E<I8C L>C@E<JJ D8B@E>?
& N8J I8@J<; @E 8 C@KKC< 3@:KFI@8E BI8EK=FI; FKK8>< @E K?<
<8JK <E; N@K? 8 =8@ICP C8I>< :8II@8>< ?FLJ< @E K?< 98:BP8I;
K?8K J<IM<; 8J DP J?@G F= K?< @D8>@E8K@FE. *8EP P<8IJ
C8K<I, & EFN FNE 8E; 8D I<JKFI@E> N@K? DP N@=< 8E; B@;J
8E 8CDFJK @;<EK@:8C :FKK8>< KNF 9CF:BJ 8N8P =IFD K?< FE<
& >I<N LG @E. F@E:@;<E:<? *8P9<. 6<K :8K?8IK@: 8CC K?<
J8D<. & 9<>8E KF J< K?@J
GI<M8C<EK 8I:?@K<:KLI8C K?I<8;
JK@K:?@E> @KJ<C= 8:IFJJ K?< =89-
I@: F= FLI :@KP.
&EJ@;< K?< #<9IL8IP 1864 <;@-
K@FE F= Z8E8;8 #8ID<I[ G<I@-
F;@:8C N<I< GI@EK<; K?< =CFFI
GC8EJ 8E; =IFEK <C<M8K@FE =FI
N?8K NFLC; 9<:FD< BEFNE @E
FLI CF:8C M<IE8:LC8I 8J, Z1?<
BI8EK=FI; FKK8><[. ACJF
I<GI@EK<; @E '8EL8IP 1873 8E;
<OGC8@E<; N@K? DL:? <EK?LJ@-
8JD, DFJK C@B<CP N?P K?< =FID
@J JF GI<M8C<EK ?<I< @E FLI :FI-
E?
K?<J< 8I:?@K<:KLI8C ><DJ :8E
9< =FLE; K?IFL>?FLK D8EP
KFNEJ 8E; :@K@<J 8:IFJJ 0FLK?-
<IE ,EK8I@F 8E; N<I< @E;<<; C89<CC<; 9P 8E8;8 #8ID<[, BI8EK=FI; ;F<J ?8M< 8 ?8E;-
JFD< JLD F= K?<D @E D8EP M8I@8K@FEJ 9L@CK 8:IFJJ ><E<I-
8K@FEJ.
4?8K @J 8 $FK?@: BI8EK=FI; FKK8>< =FI K?FJ< N?F D8P EFK
BEFN? *FJK F=K<E 9I@:B 8E; 9L@CK N@K? 8 CFM< =FI JPDD<-
KIP 8E; :C8JJ@:8C GIFGFIK@FEJ, K?< >FK?@: BI8EK=FI; :FKK8><
@J ><E<I8CCP 8 JHL8I< FI I<:K8E>LC8I 1 FI 1 1/2 JKFIP K?I<<
98P<; JKIL:KLI<. A ;FFI @E K?< :<EKI<, F=K<E N@K? 8 KI8EJFD
FI Z=8E[ N@E;FN 89FM< @K, 8E; 8 N@E;FN GC8:<; KF @KJ C<=K
8E; KF @KJ I@>?K. 1?< IFF=, 9<@E> 8 Z?@G IFF=[ @J FE< F= @KJ
DFJK EFK89C< 8E; ;@JK@E>L@J?@E> =<8KLI<J, DFJK C@B<CP
9IFL>?K FM 8 B@E; F= =FLI J@;<; GPI8D@;), 9IFB<E @E K?< =IFEK
9P 8 :<EKI8C >89C< (GF@EKP IFF= K?@E>P). ,E< 8LK?FI NIFK<,
X1?< ?FLJ< @J JF 98J@: @E @KJ K<:KFE@: HL8C@K@<J K?8K @K @J @E-
KL@K@M<CP LE;<IJKFF;, C@B< K?< JK<I<FKPG@:8C :?@C;[J ;I8N@E>
F= 8 ?FLJ<Y. 'LJK K8B< 8 HL@:B N8CB K?IFL>? 8EP F= K?< 3@:-
KFI@8E E<@>?9FLI?FF;J @E FLI ?@JKFI@: :@KP, "8JK N8I;,
"8>C< GC8:<, !L==<I@E, !FNEKFNE, <K:, 8E; @E EF K@D< PFL
N@CC 9< JLI< KF =@E; FE<, @= EFK D8EP. 6<K ;I@M< FLK F=
0FLK?<IE ,EK8I@F 8E; K? C8I><
KI@DD@E>J 8E; ;<:FI8K@M< 98I><9F8I;J (>@E><I9I<8;), K?<
JKPC< D8;< @K GFJJ@9C< =FI NFIB@E> :C8JJ =8D@C@<J 8E;
KI8;<JD<E KF 8==FI; J8E@K8IP C@M@E> :FE;@K@FEJ @E 8 K@D<
N?<E CF> :89@EJ ;FD@E8K<; FLI C8E;J:8G< (@E @KJ J@DGC<JK
=FID, =FLI IFFDJ KF K?< =IFEK ;@M@;<; 9P 8 :<EKI8C ?8CCN8P
N@K? K?< B@K:?<E J<G8I8K< =IFD K?< C@M@E> HL8IK<IJ 8K K?<
98:B), 8CC K?< N?@C< D8@EK8@E@E> 8 3@:KFI@8E :?8ID N@K? @KJ
JG8:@FLJ IFFDJ 8E; ?@>? :<@C@E>J, K?FL>?K KF 8@; @E <C<M8K-
@E> K?< JG@I@KL8C C@M<J F= K?< <D@E> D@;;C< :C8JJ (EF
CFN><JKJ). 1?CP C8I>< 8E; I<=I<J?@E>CP I8K@FE8C @E K?<@I
C8PFLK.
AJ & J8@;, N< ?8M< 9<<E I<JKFI@E> FLI C@KKC< :FKK8>< :FD@E>
FE KNF P<8IJ EFN. /<DFM@E> ;IFG :<@C@E>J 8E; JKI8K8 F=
=CFFI@E> KF I<M<8C K?< FI@>@E8C GC8EB. #@O@E> ?FC<J @E FC;
GC8JK?. &KJ EFK K?< J8D< :I8DG<;
?FLJ< N< DFM<; @EKF 8EPDFI<. A CF:8C <::<EKI@: KFC; LJ
K?< GC8:< N8J ?8LEK<; 8E; EF FE< <M?FJKJ DLJK C@B< LJ. ,I D8P9< K?< ?FLJ< N8J 8>>I8M8K<;
8E; J@DGCP =<CK L>CP 8E; LECFM<;. &K'J 8J J@DGC< 8J 8 ?FLJ<
><KJ N@K? M<IP C@KKC< <O:<JJ. 4< ;FE[K =@O @K 8E; KIP KF I<KLIE
@K KF @KJ GIFG< ;<J@>E8K@FE, FI ?8J JFD< LE@HL< M8CL<
K?8K N@CC D8B< K?< 8EE8CJ F= BI8EK=FI;@8. &K[J FE< F= D8EP
8:IFJJ K?< :@KP. BLK @K'J FLIJ KF CFM< C@B< 8 D<D9FF; @EK<EK@FEJ. 4<
;F @K 9<:8LJ< K?< JG8:< N< C@M< @E 8==<:KJ FLI C@M<J, 8E; K?<
9<KK<I@E> F= @K :8E 8CDFJK 9< C@B<E<; LEKF 8 JG@I@KL8C GI8:-
K@:< K?8K @E KLIE @DGIFM<J FLI :@KP 8E; FLI FLKCFFB F= @KJ
=LKLI<, J@DGCP 9P K<E;@E> @KJ G8JK. *FI< K@D<J K?8E EFL>?K,
8 C@KKC< G8@EK 8E; GC8JK<I, 8 B<<E <P< 8E; 8 CFK F= <C9FN
>I<8J< N@CC :I<8K< 8 =8I DFI< 9<8LK@=LC FLK:FD< K?8E JFD<-
K?@E> E<N D8;< =IFD @E=<I@FI D8K<I@8CJ. & 9<C@<M< BI8EK-
=FI; @J :FD@E> @EKF I<8CCP I<:F>E@Q@E> K?< M8CL< @E @KJ
?@JKFI@:@KP. A B@E; F= >I8JJ IFFKJ I<E8@JJ8E:< K?8K[J >F@E>
KF G@:B LG K?< G@<:<J F= @KJ 9IFB<E 8E; E<>C<:K<; G8JK, 8E;
I8K? K?<D N@K? :?<8G K<DGFI8IP GC8JK@:
JFCLK@FEJ, J@K ;FNE 8E; C@B< K?< :I8=KJD8E N?F 9L@CK FLI
:@KP, K8B< K?< K@D< KF =@O 8E; I<JKFI< K?<D.
A 0D8CC $FK?@: (BI8EK=FI;) FKK8><
9P /P8E 38E !@AB, ,C; %FD< -8@EK@E> & #@E@J?<J
In#e!io!/E'#e!io! Pain#ing ( Pla"#e! !eai! ( Deco!a#i%e ain#ing/fa$' fini"h
Colo$! con"$l#a#ion/De"ign ( Clean, ca!ef$l &i#h come#i#i%e !ice"
519.761.1148 ( Facebook: oldhomeain#ing
& CFM< 48I; 5.
& DFM<; @EKF K?@J N8I; =IFD BLI=FI; 8J 8 K<<E8>?K 8N8P 48I; 5 9<:8D<
DP E<N ?FD<.
& 8KK<E;<; -8LC@E< 'F?EJFE FCC<>@8K< ;LI@E> K?FJ< =FID-
8K@M< P<8IJ, >FK @EMFCM<; I@>?K 8N8P 8E; E<M?-
9FLIJ @E K?< N8I; ?8M< 8JB<; =FI D< KF ILE DLE@:@G8CCP.
1F;8P & 8D 8EEFLE:@E> DP @EK<EK KF ILE @E 48I; 5 8E; 9<
<C<:K<; 8J K?<@I D<D9<KK@E> KF BEFN DP E<@>?9FLIJ JF K?8K & :FLC; 9<KK?-
9FLI?FF; & ?8M< ?8; K?< 89JFCLK< GC<8JLI< F= ?<CG@E>
C@K<I8CCP ?LE;I<;J F= CF:8C I<J@;<EKJ 8E; & N8EK KF :FEK@EL<
K?8K NFIB 8J 8 I<GI<J<EK8K@M< =FI 48I; 5.
&[M< K8B<E 8 JK8E; FE D8EP @JJL<J @E DP P<8IJ 8E; JKFF;
N@K? JFD< 8D8Q@E> CF:8C G<FGC< KF ;F JF. &[D GIFL; KF
?8M< K8B<E JK8E;J FE :FEKIFM<IJ@8C @JJL<J C@B< LE<DGCFP-
D<EK, 89LJ@M< K<DG 8><E:@<J, <EM@IFED<EK8C GIFK<:K@FE,
8EK@-GFM<IKP NFIB 8E; GI@;< =I@<E;CP :@K@<J - KF E8D< ALJK
8 =<N.
&[D 8CJF GIFL; KF NFIB N@K? DP =I@<E;J 8E; E<@>?9FLIJ
FE 9LJ@E<JJ I<K<EK@FE, JD8CC 9LJ@E<JJ ;<M<CFGD<EK, KI8@E-
@E> =FI 8;LCKJ 8E; PFLE> G<FGC<, 8E; M8I@FLJ :FDDLE@KP
:FEJLCK8K@FEJ.
&[D GIFL; KF 9< BEFNE 8J JFD<FE< N?F N@CC C@JK<E KF,
NFIB N@K?, 8E; JK8E; LG =FI FLI E<@>?9FLI?FF;. &[CC 8CJF
NFIB N@K? FLI GIFM@E:@8C, =<;<I8C 8E; FK?<KK@E> K?< DFJK 9<E<=@K 8E; 9<JK
;<8C =IFD 8 ;FCC8I @J @DGFIK8EK KF D<. & C<8IE<; =IFD DP
?8I; NFIB@E> DFD N?<E & N8J K?< PFLE><JK :?@C; N@K? 2
9IFK?<IJ 8E; 8 J@JK I8@J<; FE 8 J@E>C< @E:FD<, 8E;
C8K 8E <DGCFPD<EK :<EKI< FE 8
M<IP JD8CC 9L;><K.
1?8K :<EKI< - ALJK C@B< DP DFD K8L>?K LJ >IFN@E> LG - N8J
M<IP <==<:K@M< 8E; 8CN8PJ :8D< @E LE;<K N?@C< <O-
:<<;@E> <OG<:K8K@FEJ 8E; >@M@E> 98:B. &[; 9< M<IP ?8GGP
KF 9I@E> K?8K J8D< G<IJG<:K@M< KF :@KP :FLE:@C 8E; CFFB =FI-
N8I; KF K?< FGGFIKLE@KP KF ;F JF N@K? PFLI JLGGFIK.
*PJ<C= 8E; DP :I<N F= MFCLEK<<IJ N@CC 9< NFIB@E> @E
48I; 5 8CC JLDD98@>D8@C.:FD
FI 519 759 3269. ACC DP 9<JK KF PFL E<@>?9FLI,
A )<KK, #8:<9FFB: BI@8E 38E 1@C9FI>
B<8LK@=LCCP GI<>E8EK 8E; ;L< @E KNF N<<BJ "CC8 N8J JK@CC ;<-
K<ID@E<; KF N8CB K?< <EK@I< GIF:<JJ@FE. 1?<@I ;8L>?K<I, 3@:-
KFI@8, N8J 9<J@;< K?<D N?@C< 0C8NFD@I !F9IFNFCJB@ :8II@<;
K?<@I JFE AC<: FE ?@J J?FLC;<I. 4?8K 8 KFL:?@E> =8D@CP @D8><
K?8K N8J I<GC@:8K<; 9P 1.2 9@CC@FE /FD8E 8K?FC@:J N?F :<C-
<9I8K< FIGLJ ?I@JK@, @E @KJ 750K? P<8I, NFIC; N@;<.
,E 0LE;8P, 'LE< 22, @KJ 7K? P<8I @E BI8EK=FI;, K?< "L-
:?8I@JK@: GIF:<JJ@FE F= K?< ZI<8C[ 9F;P 8E; 9CFF; F= '<JLJ
?I@JK 9<>8E 8K 8E FLK;FFI 8CK< J?8I<;
K?@J 8CK8I 8E; KNF DFI< 9<8LK@=LC FLK;FFI 8CK8IJ 8K <8:? F= K?<
-FC@J? %8CCJ 8CFE> K?< IFLK<. %LE;I<;J F= ;<;@:8K<; D<E,
NFD<E 8E; :?@C;I<E =@CC<; K?< JKI<<KJ JKI<NE N@K? IFJ< G<K8CJ,
K?<E <EK<I<; 0K. -@LJ 5 ?LI:? KF :FE:CL;< K?@J JG<:@8C <M<EK.
&K ?8; 9<<E D8EP P<8IJ, 8E; CFE> FM<I;L<, J@E:< & ?8; D8;<
K?@J JG@I@KL8C N8CB. AJ & BE<CK FE K?< 8JG?8CK 8K <8:? JK8K@FE
8E; GI8P<; 8CFE> N@K? K?< FK?<IJ, D8EP K?@E>J :IFJJ<; DP
D@E; @E:CL;@E> K?@J P<8I[J :FDD<DFI8K@FE F= K?< 100K? 8E-
E@M<IJ8IP F= K?< 9<>@EE@E> F= 44&, 8E; K?< 70K? F= !-!8P
8E; K?< 98KKC< 8K *FEK< 8JJ@EF K?8K D8IB<; K?< 9<>@EE@E> F=
K?< <E; F= 44&&. &K @J 8CJF K?< 200K? 8EE@M<IJ8IP F= K?<
48I F= 1812[J :FE=C@:K 8K *8C:FCD[J *@CCJ @E ,8BC8E;.
& =FLE; @K G<IJFE8CCP JF =@KK@E>, <JG<:@8CCP @E K?< DFD<EK F=
FIGLJ ?I@JK@, KF I<D<D9@: CFJJ F= C@=<; KF I<D<D9<I 8E; C<8IE =IFD K?<
J<EJ<C<JJ N8IJ K?8K @DG8:K<; LJ, K?< JLIM@MFIJ =FI 8 C@=<K@D<.
48IJ 8I< K?< FGGFJ@K< F= FLI ?LD8E GLIGFJ<, P<K N< JK@CC J<<
?FII@=@: :FE=C@:K 8IFLE; K?< NFIC; KF;8P. &E FLI FNE :FD-
DLE@K@<J N< ?8M< 9<:FD< GFC8I@Q<; FE @DGFIK8EK @JJL<J,
P<K N< ?8M< JF DL:? DFI< @E :FDDFE K?8E N< ;F ;@==<I<E:<J.
AJ 8 /FD8E 8K?FC@: & 9<C@<M< K?8K ?I@JK ;@<; =FI FLI J@EJ
JF N?P, & 8JB DPJ<C=, 8I< N< :FEK@EL@E> KF J@E 8E; :FE-
JK8EKCP ?LIK@E> FLI E<@>?9FLIJ? 4?P :8E[K N< J@DGCP Z;F LEKF
FK?<IJ 8J N< NFLC; ?8M< FK?<IJ ;F LEKF FLIJ<CM<J[?
1?< 8I<8 JG8EE@E> BI8EK=FI;, BI8EK FLEKP 8E; E<@>?9FLI@E>
0@O +8K@FEJ 8E; *@JJ@JJ8L>8 N8J 8CN8PJ, 8E; JK@CC @J 8E 8CC @E-
:CLJ@M< 8E; NFE;<I=LC DLCK@-:LCKLI8C 8I<8. &K @J 8 ?FD< KF FM@FLJ K<DGC<J.
FIGLJ ?I@JK@ @J FE< N8P K?8K /FD8E 8K?FC@:J I<D<D9<I,
?FEFLI 8E; I<8==@ID K?<@I I<C8K@FEJ?@G N@K? $F;, N@K? K?<
I<8KFI. 4< 8CC ?8M< FLI FNE JG@I@KL8C 8E; :LCKLI8C 9<-
C@<=J 8E; K?8K @J N?P @K @J @DGFIK8EK KF LE;<IJK8E; 8E; I<JG<:K
FK?F FE 8 KI@G N@K? FK?<IJ @E FE< :8I @JE[K @K 9<KK *@J@8B, #8:<9FFB: 7@> *@J@8B
4?8K @J K?< 8CCLI< F= J:I<8D@E> A<KJ @E G8@E=LCCP K@>?K =FID8K@FEJ
8E; =@O<; N@E> 8@I:I8=K KLD9C@E> K?IFL>? K?< JBP 89FM< FLI
?<8;J K?8K ;I8NJ LJ KF 8E A@IJ?FN?
,MF @E 1903, (@KKP %8NB +FIK? 8IFC@E8, FM?K 9IFK?<IJ ;<=@<;
>I8M@KP =FI K?< =@IJK K@D< @E +FIK? AD<I@:8. AK K?< <E; F=
AL>LJK, 8K K?< BI8EK=FI; *LE@:@G8C A@IGFIK, N< ><K KF J<< K?<
:LII<EK <MFCLK@FE F= =C@>?K, #/"", 8E; =IFD K?< =C@>?K C@E<...LG
:CFJ< 8E; G<IJFE8C.
A :FD9@E8K@FE F= D@C@K8IP GI<:@J@FE 8E; GI@M8K< ;8I<;<M@C
8<IF98K@:J N@CC K?I@CC PFL 8J B@;J =IFD 8>< 3 KF 103. ,E K?<
>IFLE; N@CC 9< JK8K@: <O?@9@KJ :FCC<:K<; @E JL:? 8 ;@JGC8P KF
K<CC K?< JKFIP F= K?FJ< N?F JK@CC ;<=P >I8M@KP C@B< ,IM@CC< 8E;
4@C9LI.
1?< /FK8IP ?8I@KP A@IJ?FN @J AL>LJK 27K?, 4<;E<J;8P,
N?<<CJ LG 8K 3:00GD.
4?P /FK8IP? B<:8LJ< 1?< /FK8IP CL9 F= BI8EK=FI; K?8K C@M<J
K?< DFKKF Z0<IM@:< B<=FI< 0<C=[ @J FI>8E@Q@E> K?@J 8J 8
:FDDLE@KP <M<EK @E FI;8E@Q8K@FEJ, )8EJ;FNE< ?@C;I<E[J <EKI< 8E; BFPJ 8E;
$@ICJ CL9. 1?< C<8;<IJ?@G 9P K?< /FK8I@8EJ 8E; K?< ?LE;I<;J
F= MFCLEK<<IJ >L8I8EK<< 8E <O:@K@E> =8D@CP 8;M<EKLI<. 1?I<8K J?FN N@K? 8D<E@K@<J 8E; 8KKI8:K@FEJ KF
<EK<IK8@E 8E; J8K@J=P K?< ;8P[J :FDD@KD<EK =FI PFLE> 8E; FC;.
4?P ?8I@KP? B<:8LJ< 8CC F= LJ I<8C@Q< K?8K K?<I< @J JF DL:?
E<<; KF ?<CG K?< :?@C;I<E @E FLI :FDDLE@KP KF >IFN 8E;
;<M<CFG, 8E; K?<J< ;FE8K@FE I<:@G@<EKJ 8I< DF;<CJ F= @EM<JKD<EK
8::FI;@E>CP. BFK? ?8M< JKIFE> CF:8C 9F8I;J 8E; :I<;<EK@8CJ
K?8K 8I< DF;<CJ F= JL::<JJ 8:IFJJ 8E8;8. -8IKE<I@E> N@K?
9FK? K?< @KP F= BI8EK=FI; 8E; K?< FLEKP F= BI8EK, @K[J 8CC
89FLK B@;J 8E; =8D@C@<J. FD< KF K?< J?FN 8E; ?<CG K?<
B@;JUJ@DGC< <HL8K@FE.
+FN, K?< A@IJ?FN!
&= PFL 8I< CFFB@E> =FI D@C@K8IP A<K GI<:@J@FE =CP@E>, N< ?8M<
K?< G<I<EE@8C =8MFLI@K<J, K?< /A# 0EFN9@I; 1<8D. 0<M<E
A<KJ G<I=FID ?@>? JG<<; D8E<LM<IJ, C@K<I8CCP 89FM< PFLI ?<8;,
8E; K?<E K?I8G?J N@K? K?< :IFN;.
1?@J P<8I N< ?8M< 8 JG<:@8C KI<8K =IFD K?< AD<I@:8E *@C@K8IP.
-<I?8GJ PFL ?8M< J<<E K?< I<:<EK DFM@<, Z1?< /<; 18@CJ[JK8II@E>
L98 $FF;@E> 'LE@FI. &K[J 8 JKFIP 89FLK 8 I<>@D<EK F= 9C8:B
G@CFKJ K?8K, LEK@C K?< D@;;C< F= 44&&, I<>I<KK89CP ?8; EFK 9<<E
8CCFN<; KF =CP @E :FD98K N@K? K?<@I N?@K< :FDI8;<J. 0FD<FE<
:I<8K<; 8 JG<:@8C K8JB =FI K?<J< 8::FDGC@J?<; D<E, KF <J:FIK
9FD9<IJ =CP@E> FM@M<E *LJK8E> -51
8@I:I8=K 8E; 9P K?<@I FNE ;<:@J@FE ;<K<ID@E<; KF 9< @;<EK@=@<;
9P G8@EK@E> M@9I8EK I<; K8@CJ. 1?@E> K?< FLK:FD< @E K?< 1940[J FE 9<?8C=
F= K?< ACC@<J. AK K?< A@IJ?FN, B@CC 0?<G8I; N@CC 9< =CP@E> K?@J
=8DFLJ D8:?@E<.
AEFK?
1<8D. 4@K? :FCFLI<; JDFB< GFKJ =C8I@E> =IFD K?<@I C<>J 8E;
K8E;<D :?LK<J ;I8>>@E> 30 =FFK 8E8;@8E 8E; AD<I@:8E =C8>J,
K? =FI K?< B@;J.
AE; =@E8CCP, =IFD K?< D@C@K8IP ?@JKFIP F= 8E8;8, 1?<
8E8;@8E %8IM8I; AJJF:@8K@FE F= 8E8;8 N@CC K?I@CC PFL N@K?
K?< IF8I F= K?<@I GI<:@J@FE =CP@E> 9P =FLI 9I@>?K P<CCFN 44&&
8@I:I8=K. 1?@J @J K?< 75K? 8EE@M<IJ8IP F= K?@J FI>8E@Q8K@FE 8E;
K?IFLE; ;@JGC8P 8J N<CC KF :<C<9I8K< K?<@I
IFC< FMF 4,4!
-<K< *:CFL;, 8 8E8;@8E @E ?@J <8ICP 30J, @J K?< =8JK<JK
I8:@E> G@CFK @E 8E8;8 8E; :LII<EKCP 3I; @E K?< NFIC;. %@J /<;
BLCC J@E>C< J<8K<I 8E; =FID@;89C< K<:?E@HL< 8K DFI< K?8E 10
$-=FI:< GI<JJLI< N@CC J@DGCP 8D8Q< PFL.
(<EK -@<KJ:? @J 8E AD<I@:8E 8<IF98K@:J <OG<IK FM@E< KLIE<; F== - N?<I<9P
?< =C@<J KF 5000 =<<K 89FM< K?< :IFN;, B@CCJ K?< <E>@E< 8E;
=C@GJ 8E; KLD9C<J FLK F= K?< JBP C8E;@E> I@>?K @E =IFEK F= PFL,
E<M ?@J <E>@E<.
1I<MFI /8==<IKP, 8 PFLE> D8E =IFD 0FLK?<IE ,EK8I@F, 8
J<:FE; ><E<I8K@FE G@CFK, ;<J@>E<; 8E; 9L@CK ?@J '8M<C@E 8@I:I8=K
=FI :FDG<K@K@FEJ 8E; G<I=FID8E:<J K?IFL>?FLK +FIK? AD<I@:8.
*@B< 1IP>>M8JFE, 8EFK?<E<I8K@FE ,EK8I@F G@CFK,
@E ?@J -@KKJ 0G<:@8C B@-GC8E< N@CC JC@G JC@;< ?@J N8P K?IFL>?
K?< 8@I 8J PFL ?8M< C@B<CP E<M ?@J JG8I< K@D<UC@K<I8CCP!
A>8@E: 1?< /FK8IP ?8I@KP A@IJ?FN @J AL>LJK 27K?, 4<;E<J;8P,
N?<<CJ LG 8K 3:00GD.
-8IB@E> FE JLIIFLE;@E> IF8;J N@CC 9< I<JKI@:K<; 8E; <E=FI:<;
9P -FC@:<. 1?<I< N@CC 9< 8II8E><D<EKJ =FI 9LJ KI8EJGFIK8K@FE
8EEFLE:<; 9P K?< @KP F= BI8EK=FI;. $8K<J FG<E 8K EFFE,
G8IB@E> E<OK KF K?< 8@IGFIK =FI 8E <EK@I< =8D@CP @J $10, =I<<
8;D@JJ@FE, N@K? =FF;, 8D<E@K@<J 8E; ;@JGC8PJ K?IFL>?FLK K?<
8I<8. BI@E> 8 C8NE :?8@I, :8D<I8, JLEK8E CFK@FE 8E; JKIFCC<IJU
9LK GC<8J< I<D<D9<I, JKI@:KCP <E=FI:<;:
+F -"10; +F A),%,); +F 0*,(&+$U 8EPN?<I<!
4< 8I< CFFB@E> =FI DFI< MFCLEK<<IJ!
NNN.IFK8IP:?8I@KP8@IJ?FN.:8 KF J@>E LG!
***
A Z=C@>?K ;<:B[, @E 8M@8K@FE K<ID@EFCF>P, @J FK?<IN@J< BEFNE
8J K?< :F:BG@K F= 8E 8@I:I8=K. &K @J 8CJF 8 ;<J:I@GKFI F= K?< C8E;@E>
JLI=8:< FE 8E 8@I:I8=K :8II@<I, 8 GF@EK F= ;<G8IKLI< 8E; 8II@M8C.
&D8>@E< @= PFL N@CC, K?< 8N<JKIL:B <P<J F= 8 :?@C; <OG<I@<E:@E>
K?<@I =@IJK =C@>?K @E 8 JD8CC GC8E<: K?< NFE;<ID<EK; K?< K?I@CC;
K?< E<IMFLJ >LK K@E>C@E>; K?< =8EK8JK@: ;I<8DJ F= <OGCFI8K@FE.
#C@>?K !<:B 2014 @J ;<J@>E<; KF J?8I< K?<J< <DFK@FEJ N@K?
B@;J I<GI<J<EK@E> :C@<EKJ F= )8EJ;FNE< ?@C;I<E[J <EKI< 8E;
1?< BI8EK=FI; BFPJ 8E; $@ICJ CL9 8J 8E @EKIF;L:K@FE =FI
K?<D KF K?< 2014 /FK8IP ?8I@KP A@IJ?FN.
"8:? =C@>?K @J 8 D@JJ@FE. 1?< PFLE> FDD8E;<, K?< %@>? )<M<C 9I@;>< FM?K @J 8 G?FKF>I8G?I8G? K?< :?@C;[J I<8:K@FEJ, ;F:LD<EK
K?< :FEM<IJ8K@FE 8E;, F= :FLIJ<, M@JL8CCP I<:FI; K?< JL::<JJ=LC
D@JJ@FE 8J 8JJ@>E<;. 1?@J GIFA<:K @J 8 :FCC89FI8K@FE 9P D8EP
><E<IFLJ G<FGC<.
1?< BI8EK=FI; #CP@E> CL9 @J :I@K@:8C @E K?< JL::<JJ F= K?@J
<E;<8MFLI. 1?@M< K?< DFJK ELD9 CL9 @J: =C@>?K J:?FFC
8E; 8@I:I8=K I<EK8CJ; I<>@FE8C KI8EJGFIK8K@FE <OG<:K8K@FEJ;
D8@EK<E8E:<, J<IM@:<, 8@I:I8=K ?FLJ@E> 8E; ?FJG@K8C@KP =FI
G@CFKJ =IFD E<8I 8E; =8I; K<C<M@J@FE :FDD<I:@8CJ 8E; DFM@<
J:<E<J J?FK FE K?< ILEN8PJ; ;@J8JK <O<I:@J<J; 8E; 8
JK8== K?8K GI@;<J @KJ<C= @E D<<K@E> K?< E<<;J F= K?< =CP@E> GL9C@:,
GI@M8K< FI :FDD<I:@8C.
)8EJ;FNE< ?@C;I<E[J <EKI< J<IM<J K?< E<<;J F= K?FLJ8E;J
F= B@;J @E K?< I<>@FE. &K @J 8 :?@C;I<E[J KI<8KD<EK :<EKI< =FI
:?@C;I<E N@K? G?PJ@:8C, :FDDLE@:8K@FE 8E;/FI ;<M<CFGD<EK8C
E<<;J CF:8K<; @E BI8EK=FI;. 1?L8>< K?<I8GP; 8E; DL:? DFI<. 1?<@I :8I@E>
8E; GIF=<JJ@FE8C JK8== 8I< ;<MFK<; KF K?< B@;J. 4?8K 8 AFP KF
J<< K?@J :<EKI< F= <O:<CC<E:< J<IM@E> FLI =8D@CP E<<;J.
BI8EK=FI; BFPJ 8E; $@ICJ CL9 J<IM<J 8 ;@==<I<EK ;<DF>I8G?@:,
K?< D8AFI@KP 9<@E> <:FEFD@:8CCP ;@J8;M8EK8><; =8D@C@<J N@K?
B@;J 9<KN<<E K?< 8><J F= 5 8E; 10. 1?< M@J@FE @J KF >@M<
:?@C;I<E 8E; PFLK? 8 :?8E:< KF ;@J:FMIFN LG 8J ?<8CK?P, JL::<JJ=LC 8E; 8:K@M<
G8IK@:@G8EKJ @E JF:@<KP. $@M<E K?<@I D@JJ@FE 8E; K?@J GIFA<:K[J
J@D@C8I@KP, <M<IPFE< @J =F:LJ<; FE >@M@E> K?< B@;J E<N
<OG<I@<E:<J 8E; FM<I:FD< 98II@<IJ @E FI;@: F= =C@>?K.
#C@>?K !<:B 2014 /FK8IP ?8I@KP A@IJ?FN V !8I< 1F !I<8D
9P 'F?E BI8;=FI;, #8:<9FFB: 'F?E BI8;=FI;
-8I8C<>8C[J <MFCM@E> IFC< 8E; K?< 9<E<=@KJ =FI ,EK8I@F ;I@M<IJ
4@K? =LIK?<J 8EK@:@G8K<; KF K?< &EJLI8E:< A:K @E 2015 N< DLJK :FEK@EL< KF =@E;
N8PJ KF 8;8GK FLI GI8:K@:< KF 9<KKF@E> KF 9<
=@IJK 8E; =FI<DFJK ;<K<ID@E<; 9P K?< GIFM@J@FEJ @E K?< &EJLI8E:< A:K. &K @J 8CN8PJ :?8C-
C<E>@E> KF ><K :C@<EKJ KF I<;@I<:K K?<@I 8KK<EK@FE =IFD K?<@I @DD<;@8K< E<<;J KF K?< 9@>><I
G@:KLI<. 4?<E @EJLI<IJ I<=LJ< KF G8P 9<E<=@KJ FI =LE; KI<8KD<EKJ =FI FLI :C@<EKJ K?@J I<8C@KP
@J F=K<E @E:FDGI<?<EJ@9C< KF K?<D.
0@E:< 0<GK<D9 K?< I<;L:K@FE F= K?< 8DFLEK F= JK8KL-
KFIP 9<E<=@KJ 8M8@C89C< KF :C8@D8EKJ =IFD $100,000.00 KF $50,000.00 8E; K?< :FDGC<K<
9I<8B;FNE F= #0, (K?< D8E;8K<; ;@JGLK< I<JFCLK@FE JPJK<D). #IFD 8 GI8:K@:8C G<IJG<:-
K@M< K?@J ?8J D<8EK K?8K :C8@D8EKJ E<<; C<>8C I<GI<J<EK8K@FE DFI< K?8E <M8K@E> K?<DJ<CM<J K?IFL>? K?@J 9LI<8L:I8K@: D<JJ 8E; K?8K 9<:8LJ< K?< 8DFLEK F=
8M8@C89C< 9<E<=@KJ ?8J 9<<E JC8J?<; K?<I< 8I< C<JJ C8NP<IJ @EK<I<JK<; @E ;F@E> K?< NFIB.
#FIKLE8K<CP K?@J ?8J :F@E:@;<; N@K? K?< G8I8C<>8CJ 9<@E> C@:<E:<; 8E; I<>LC8K<; 9P K?<
)8N 0F:@<KP F= 2GG8CJ KF NFIB 8JJ@JK@E> C8NP<IJ @E I<GI<J<EK@E> DFKFI M<?@:C< :FCC@J@FE :C8@D8EKJ. AJ =FI
K?< DFJK G8IK DFKFI M<?@:C< :C8@D =@C<J ?8M< KNF :FDGFE<EKJ: @.<. K?< 8::@;<EK 9<E<=@K
=@C< N?@:? I<C8K<J KF PFLI FNE @EJLI<I'J F9C@>8K@FE KF =LE; KI<8KD<EK 8E; G8P 9<E<=@KJ;
8E; K?< :C8@D 8>8@EJK K?< 8K =8LCK ;I@M K?@J GI<J<EKJ 8 E8KLI8C FG-
GFIKLE@KP =FI 8 ;@M@J@FE F= C89FLI 9<KN<<E G8I8C<>8CJ 8E; C8NP<IJ.
*I. (<CCP 8E; & ?8M< @DD<EJ<CP <EAFP<; J@KK@E> FE K?< -IF=<JJ@FE8C A;M@JFIP FDD@KK<<
=FI FE<JKF>8 FCC<><. 1?@J ?8J >@M<E LJ 8 E<N G<IJG<:K@M< 8J KF K?< GFJJ@9@C@K@<J K?8K
?8M< 9<<E FG<E<; LG 9P -8I8C<>8CJ F9K8@E@E> GIF=<JJ@FE8C JK8KLJ 8E; GIF=<JJ@FE8C 8:-
:I<;@K8K@FE. AJ PFL D@>?K <OG<:K K?<I< @J 8 >I<8K ;<8C F= M8I@8K@FE @E K<IDJ F= HL8C@KP 8E;
C<E>K? F= KI8@E@E> F==<I<; 9P M8I@FLJ :FCC<><J =FI G8I8C<>8CJ. AK FE<JKF>8 K?< GIF>I8D
@J 8 GFJK->I8;L8K< GIF>I8D N?@:? D<8EJ K?8K :8E;@;8K<J DLJK ?8M< <@K?I<< FI
;@GCFD8 N?@:? D8B<J @K ;@JK@E:K =IFD JFD< J?FIKI8DJ JG<:@=@:8CCP K8I><K<; KF
JG<:@=@:8CCP I<KI8@E @E;@M@;L8CJ N?F ?8M< CFJK K?<@I AF9J F=K<E @E LEI<C8K<; =@<C;J C@B< D8E-
L=8:KLI@E>.
1?< 9@>><JK :?8CC<E>< @J >F@E> KF 9< KF ><K C8NP<IJ KF N<C:FD< G8I8C<>8CJ @EKF K?< GIF-
=<JJ@FE. +FK JLIGI@J@E>CP K?<I< ?8J 9<<E 9<<E JFD< @E@K@8C I<J@JK8E:<. AK K?@J K@D< 8CFK F=
G8I8C<>8CJ >I8;L8K< 8EK@:@G8K@E> 8 :8I<?N8P 1I8==@: :FLIK N?<I< K??N8P 1I8==@: A:K @JJL<J.
,LI I<JGFEJ< ?8J 9<<E KF =FCCFN K?< AD<I@:8E KI<E; KF <D9I8:< G8I8C<>8CJ NFIB@E> @E
JLGGFIK@M< IFC<J N@K? C8NP<IJ KF 9<JK J<IM< K?< E<<;J F= FLI :C@<EKJ. 1?@J 8GGIF8:? @J @D-
GFIK8EK EFK FECP KF <EJLI< >IFNK? 8E; J<:LI@KP N@K?@E K?< -8I8C<>8C GIF=<JJ@FE 9LK DFJK
@DGFIK8EKCP KF >@M< LJ K?< =C<O@9@C@KP N< 8CC E<<; 8J GIF=<JJ@FE8CJ KF J<IM< K?< E<<;J F=
FLI :C@<EKJ. 4< ?8M< =FLE; K?8K @E K?< :FEK<OK F= 8 G<IJFE8C @EALIP GI8:K@:< K?<I< 8I< D8EP
FGGFIKLE@K@<J =FI G8I8C<>8CJ KF 8JJ@JK @E 8 M8I@<KP F= 8I<8J @E:CL;@E> #0, KI@9LE8C NFIB,
D<;@:8C I<M@<NJ 8E; KI@8C GI<G8I8K@FE. 4< ?FG< K?8K FLI :FCC<8>L<J FM8CJ :FLC; 8JJ@JK K?<D @E K?<@I GI8:K@:<J, 8J
K?@J N@CC 8JJ@JK <M<IPFE< @E B<<G@E> ALJK@:< 8::<JJ@9C< KF K?< :@K@Q<EJ F= K?< -IFM@E:< F=
,EK8I@F.
)@J8 *FI<CC (<CCP
*FI<CC (<CCP -<IJFE8C &EALIP )8N
515 -8IB /F8; +FIK?
BI8EK=FI;, ,EK8I@F +3/ 7(8 (519) 720-0110
1?< C<8E 48K 8
J:@<E:< 98J<; 8GGIF8:? 8E; <@K? @E 8 N<CC ?<8; GIFK<:K@FE 8I<8, @K N8J HL@K<
8 J?F:B KF =@E; FLK K?8K 8 >I8M<C G@K N8J FG<E@E>
I@>?K FE FLI JFLI:< F= ;I@EB@E> N8K<I. 1?< $/A
?8; ;FE< 8 >I<8K AF9 @E=FID@E> LJ 89FLK 8CC F= K?<
K?@E>J K?8K N<I< :FEJ@;<I<; 8 K?I<8K 8E; <M<E ?8;
8 GIF>I8D N?<I< K?@E< ?FN 8E FC; N<CC NFLC; 9< 8
K?I<8K, 9LK 8 >I8M<C G@K I<DFM@E> 8CC F= K?<
D8K<I@8C KF N@K?@E 1 D<KI< 89FM< K?< 8HL@=? K?<
8HL@=I8M<C G@K, K?<E @K'J 8CJF KIL< =FI 8E FC; N<CC.
&= K?8K @J K?< :8J<, K?<E K?@M< I8@E N8KI8M<C G@K.
4?<E N< =@IJK I<:<@M<; FLI EFK@:<J F= K?I<8KJ,
:<IK8@E >I8M<C G@K 8:K@M@K@<J N<I< C@JK<; 8J K?I<8KJ.
BLK K?<E K?J. ,E <M<IP :FDD@KK<< @J 8
I<GI<J<EK8K@M< F= K?< 8>>I<>8K< (>I8M<C) @E;LJKIP.
0@E:< K?<J< G<FGC< 8I< G8@; 9P K?< @E;LJKIP, K?I8M<C
;<GFJ@KJ 8CJF D8B< K?< 9<JK 8HL@=<IJ. &K NFLC; 9<
K?<@I AF9 KF <EJLI< K?8K EFE< F= K?<@I 8:K@M@K@<J 8I<
C@JK<; 8J K?I<8KJ.
,I@>@E8CCP, K?< :FDD@KK<< ;@; C@JK GFK<EK@8C
K?I<8KJ =IFD 8>>I<>8K< FG<I8K@FEJ 9LK K?<
!@I<:KFI F= K?< GIF>I8D FM<I-ILC<; K?< :FDD@KK<<
8E; ;<E@<; K?< C@JK@E> F= 8>>I<>8K< 8:K@M@K@<J 8J
GFK<EK@8C K?I<8KJ. 1?@J @J @E ;@I<:K :FEKI8;@:K@FE
KF K?< D8E;8K< F= LJ@E> 8 J:@<E:< 98J<;
8GGIF8:?. 1?@J N8J 8 ;<:@J@FE D8;< 9P FE< D8E
N@K?FLK 8EP J:@<E:<. 1?@J ;<:@J@FE N8J D8;<
9<:8LJ< K?< -IFM@E:@8C $FM<IED<EK ?8J 8
;F:LD<EK :8CC<; K?< -IFM@E:@8C -FC@:P 0K8K<D<EK
(--0) K?8K GLKJ K?< E<<;J F= K?< 8>>I<>8K< @E;LJKIP
FM@M@E> K?< @DGI<JJ@FE KF K?< G<FGC< K?8K
K?< >FM<IED<EK @J ;F@E> <M<IPK?@E> @K :8E KF
GIFK<:K FLI N8K<I. 1?< --0 J@DGCP FM<I-ILC<J 8EP
FK?<I 8:K FI ILC<.
)<K'J I<D<D9<I K?8K 8 J:@<E:< 98J<; 8GGIF8:? @J
JLGGFJ<; KF 9< LJ<; KF @;<EK@=P K?I<8KJ. 1?8K
D<8EJ K?8K K?< :FDD@KK<< N@CC ?8M< KF GI<J<EK
GFK<EK@8C J:<E8I@FJ K?8K :FLC; 9< 8 K?I<8K 8E;
8JJ<JJ N?<K? J:@<EK@=@:
D<K?F;FCF>P. &= K?@J :FDD@KK<< N8J =LC=@CC@E> @KJ
D8E;8K<, 8E; PFL 8E; & N<I< KF CFFB 8K K?<
J@KL8K@FE 8E; @;<EK@=P 8 K?I<8K, K?<E K??K? AGG8I<EKCP EFK.
1?< FE:<IE<; @K@Q<EJ ,= BI8EK ?8M< @;<EK@=@<;
J<M<I8C :I<;@9C< J:<E8I@FJ K?8K :FLC; GFK<EK@8CCP
:FEK8D@E8K< FLI ;I@EB@E> N8K<IFLJ @J 8 :?<D@:8C
:8CC<; AKI8Q@E<, 8 E8JKP JL9JK8E:< K?8K ?8J 9<<E
C@EB<; KF K?< =<D@E@Q8K@FE F= =IF>J 8E; 9I<8JK
:8E:<E,
8CJF D8B<J K?< C<8;@E> 9I<8JK :8E:<E. 4?P K?@J KFO@E @J JK@CC 8CCFN<; KF 9<
JGI8P<; FE FLI =FF; @J 8EFK?? GI<JJLI< N?<E @K @J
GIF:<JJ<; 8E; :FE:<EKI8K<; 98:B @EKF K?< N8J?
GFE;, N?@:? @J EF DFI< K?8E 8 9@> ?FC< @E K?<
8HL@=<I, 8CCFN@E> @K ;@I<:K 8::<JJ KF K?< 8HL@=<I.
AEFK? GFE;,
N?@:? NFLC; 9< J:I8G<; FLK 8E; JGI<8; 8:IFJJ
K?< =CFFI F= K?< >I8M<C G@K, FE< D<KI< 89FM< K?<
8HL@=8@E ;@I<:K 8::<JJ KF K?<
8HL@=<I.
&= K?< :FDD@KK<< N8J =LC=@CC@E> @KJ D8E;8K<, K?<E
K? GFE;
N8K<I, K?< JFLI:< GFE; N8K
N8JK<. 1?< =8:K @J K?8K EFE< F= K?<J< ?8M< <M :FEJ@;<I<; 9P K?<
*@E@JKIP ,= "EM@IFED<EK N@K? K?< -<ID@K 1F
18B< 48K<K K?<
8EJN<IJ 8K 8E LG:FD@E> JK8B<?FC;<I'J D<<K@E>.
/<>8I;C<JJ F= K?< FLK:FD<, &'D ;<<GCP :FE:<IE<;
89FLK K?< C8:B F= :FEJ@;<I8K@FE K?8K K?< 0FLI:<
48K N8K<I. 4< ALJK CFFB<; 8K
K?I<8KJ I<C8K<; KF 8>>I<>8K<J 8E; 8I< C<=K KF NFE;>I<>8K< @E;LJKIP ALJK N8M<
K?<@I ?8E; 8E; J8P XK?<J< 8I< EFK K?< K?I<8KJ PFL
8I< CFFB@E> =FIY C@B< K?8K J:<E< =IFD 0K8I 48IJ
N?<I< ,9@ 48E LJ<J K?< GFN<K
K?< ;IF@;J G8JK 8 :?<:B GF@EK.
4@K? DP <OG<I@<E:<, 0FLI:< 48K<I -IFK<:K@FE
CFFBJ DFI< C@B< 8E @CCLJ@FE.
!F<J 0FLI:< 48K<I -IFK<:K@FE /<8CCP -IFK<:K ,LI 48K<I?
BP: '<== BIFFD=@<C;, NNN.::F9.:8, '<==@KPG<O.:8
& :8E[K J8P =FI JLI< @= &[CC ?8M< :?@C;I<E @E K?< =LKLI<, 9LK &
8D GI<KKP JLI< K?8K @= & ;F, K?<P NFE[K 9< F= DP FNE =C<J?
8E; 9CFF;. 1?<I< 8I< =8I KFF D8EP :?@C;I<E N?F 8I<
G8I<EKC<JJ 8CI<8;P, JF N?P EFK 8;FGK FE< F= K?<D 8E; I8@J<
K?<D 8J DP FNE?
&= & 9<:FD< 8 ;8;, &[; ;F DP 9<JK KF GI<G8I< K?<D =FI K?<
=LE K@D<J, K?< J8; K@D<J, K?< >I<8K K@D<J, 8E; K?< ?8I;
K@D<J. &[; C@B< KF @DG8IK DP 8;M@:< KF K?<D, 8E;, N<CC, PFL
KFF. 0F ?<I< >F<J:
AJ DL:? 8J PFL NFE[K C@B< @K, PFL N@CC ?8M< :?FI<J KF ;F
8IFLE; K?< ?FLJ<. 0F D8EP K<<E8><IJ K?<J< ;8PJ ;F EFK
BEFN ?FN KF ;F K?<@I FNE C8LE;IP, FI :C<8E LG 8=K8I98>< :8E N?<E @K[J =LCC, FI ;F
K?< ;@J?<J N?<E K?<P[I< ;@IKP. B<C@<M< D<, PFL[CC K?8EB D<
N?<E PFL >F F== KF :FCC<>< FI
LE@M<IJ@KP 8E; PFL ?8M< KF C@M<
N@K? 8 9LE:? F= FK? LEK@C
PFL[I< J@OK<<EU9<KK?K<<E. & ;@;E[K ?8M< DP =@IJK
9FP=I@<E; LEK@C & N8J E@E<K<<E,
8E; & KLIE<; FLK FB8P, I@>?K?
4<CC, N?<E K?< K@D< :FD<J, PFLI
9FP=I@<E; FI >@IC=I@<E; J?FLC;
9<KK. 6<J, I<-
C8K@FEJ?@GJ I<HL@I< NFIB 9LK K?. !FE[K 9<:FD< 8 GFJJ<JJ@FE KF 9< :FEKIFCC<;, 8E;
E<M?K, 8I>L< :C<8ECP.
+8D<-:8CC@E> ;F<JE[K =@O K?< GIF9C<D 8E; ALJK J?FNJ PFLI
@DD8KLI@KP. !@; & D<EK@FE PFLI FK? PFL ;FNE?
& N@CC 8CN8PJ ?8M< 8E <8I =FI PFL, JF 8GGIF8:? D< 89FLK
8EPK?@E>. *8K? GIF9C<DJ, =I@<E; @JJL<J, ;IL>J 8E; 8C:F?FC,
=FF;, ;<8C@E> N@K? K8O<J, J<O, >FJJ@G, >@=K @;<8J V 8EPK?@E>.
$I8EK<;, PFL D@>?K EFK 8CN8PJ N8EK KF K8CB KF D<, JF =@E;
8 =I@<E; N@K? N?FD PFL :8E. 0?8I@E> @J 8 E<:<JJ8IP G8IK
F= C@=<. AE; ;FE[K 9< ;@J:FLI8><; @= PFL ;FE[K ?8M< D8EP
=I@<E;J. /<D<D9<I, @K[J K?< HL8C@KP F= K?< =I@<E;J?@GJ, EFK
K?< HL8EK@KP F= =I@<E;J.
)@=< @J 8 >8D< F= 98C8E:<. ACK?FL>? N< 8I< :I<8KLI<J F=
?89@K, N< 8CJF E<<; K?< I@>?K 8DFLEK F= M8I@8K@FE 8E;
DF;<I8K@FE. ACCFN PFLIJ<C= JFD< JGFEK8E<@KP; EF FE< C@B<J
8E LGK@>?K K@D<B<<G<I. BLK 8CJF D8@EK8@E JFD< JKIL:KLI< @E
FI;IFN@E> I<JGFEJ@9@C@K@<J.
AJ 8 GFK<EK@8C >8P ;8;, & =<<C & J?FLC;E[K E<<; KF J8P K?@J,
9LK & N@CC. 6FLI J<OL8C FI@<EK8K@FE N@CC E<M<I, <M.
%FN<M<I, FG@E@FEJ 8I<E[K =8:KJ, JF 9< B@E; KF K?FJ< N?F
K?@EB ;@==<I<EKCP K?8E PFL.
& <E:FLI8>< PFL KF K8B< 8 NFIC; I<C@>@FEJ :C8JJ @E FI;@FE KF F9<P; ALJK 9<
8N8I< F= K?<D. 6FL ?8M< K?< =I<<;FD KF =FID PFLI FNE
@;<8J. 6FL D@>?K N8EK KF :I<8K< 8 G<IJFE8C 9<C@<= JPJK<D
9P K8B@E> G@<:<J F= <8:? I<C@>@FE PFL C@B<, GI8P KF PFLI
FNE >F;;<JJ, 9<:FD< 8 BL;;?@JK, FI ;@JI<>8I; I<C@>@FE
8CKF><K?<I. ACC & 8JB @J K?8K PFL
;FE[K AF@E 8 :LCK, =FI >F;[J J8B<.
)@=< @J KFF J?FIK, JF ?8M< JFD<
=LE N@K? @K! !FE[K N8JK< @K 8N8P
9P NFIB@E> :FEJK8EKCP; PFL E<<;
KF D8B< K@D< =FI GC8P. 18B< 8
E@>?K F== 8E; >F FLK N@K? PFLI
=I@<E;J. B<KK<I P<K, K8B< 8 M8:8K@FE
KF FE< F= PFLI ;I<8D CF:8K@FEJ.
4FIB KF C@M<, ;FE[K C@M< KF NFIB.
2EC<JJ PFL CFM< PFLI AF9, PFL[I<
FECP K?<I< KF G8P K?< 9@CCJ. AE;
C<K[J =8:< @K, PFL :8E[K K8B< PFLI
DFE?K? AJ JL:?, @K K8B<J K@D< KF
?<8C 8E <DFK@FE8C NFLE;. & BEFN K?@J 9<:8LJ< &[M< J<<E @K
?8GG<E, 8E; &[M< <OG<I@<E:<; @K. ,ECP & ;FE[K LJ< 8 B8E;-
A@; KF ?<CG N@K? K?< G8@E. A KL9 F= @:< :I<8D, 8 J<I@<J F=
:?@:B =C@:BJ, 8E; 8 ?<8CK?P ;FJ< F= JLGGFIK@M< =I@<E;J @J
DP I<:@G<. 1?@E>J ;FE[K ?<8C FM<IE@>?K, LE=FIKLE8K<CP.
0FD<K@D<J @K :8E K8B< DFEK?J, @= EFK P<8IJ. BLK &[CC 9<
K?<I< KF ?FC; PFLI ?8E; 8E; ?<CG PFL K?IFL>? @K.
AE; K?<I< N@CC 9< K@D<J N?<E PFLI ?<8IK N@CC 9< 9IFB<E,
8E; K?<I< N@CC 9< K@D<J N?<E PFL N@CC 9I<8B JFD<FE<
<CJ<[J ?<8IK. &K[J E<M 8 J?8KK<I<; ?<8IK, FI
=<<C@E> I<JGFEJ@9C< =FI :ILJ?@E> 8EFK?<I[J. 6FL 8I< 8CCFN<;
KF :IP. !FE[K NFIIP, EF FE< CFFBJ GI<KKP N?<E K?CP, ?LIK=LC <DFK@FEJ PFL[I<
=<<C@E>. AE; >@M< !8; 8 ?L>.
B<8LKP @J @E K?< <P< F= K?< 9<?FC;<I, 8E; & J8P PFL 8I<
9<8LK@=LC 8J PFL 8I<. +<M@ICJ FI >LPJ @E K?< D8>8Q@E<J; K?<K 8 G@<I:@E> FI KNF, ALJK GIFD@J<
KF K?@EB 8 DFD<EK 9<=FI< ><KK@E> 8 K8KKFF FE PFLI =FI<?<8;,
GC<8J<. "EAFP K?< DFD<EKJ PFL :8E, 9<:8LJ< & :8E >L8I8EK<<
@K NFE[K C8JK. 0F8B @K @E. B8JB @E C@=<[J ;<C@>?K. !FE[K DLCC
@E K?< G8JK. !FE[K :FEJK8EKCP =I<K 89FLK K?< =LKLI<. AE; ><K
F== PFLI G?FE< ;LI@E> JG<:@8C F::8J@FEJ. 1?< GI<J<EK @J
I@>?K @E =IFEK F= PFL, JF <EAFP @K JN<<K@<. 1?< J8P@E>, X1?@J
KFF J?8CC G8JJ,Y @J 8GGC@:89C< KF 8EP J@KL8K@FE, 9FK? >FF;
8E; 98;.
?FFJ< DLJ@: 8J PFLI ;IL> F= :?F@:<. 6FL ;FE[K E<:<JJ8I@CP
?8M< KF GC8P 8EP DLJ@: (& JLI< :8E[K), 9LK C@JK<E@E> KF DLJ@:
8E; <OGCFI@E> ;@==<I<EK ><EI<J 8E; DLJ@:@8EJ :8E 9< I<-
N8I;@E>. & LJ<; KF 9< J?P F= DP DLJ@: :?F@:<J 9<:8LJ< &
K?FL>?K G<FGC< NFLC; AL;>< D<, 9LK EFN & ;FE[K :8I<. &K[J
N?8K D8B<J PFLI <8IJ ?8GGP K?8K :FLEKJ!
& :8E[K <DG?8J@Q< K?@J <EFL>?: :FDDLE@:8K@FE @J 8 B<P
<C<D<EK KF ?8GG@E<JJ. AJ DL:? 8J JLG<
PFL KF C<8IE N?<E KF C@JK<E 8E; N?<E KF :FEJ@;<I8K<CP
JG<8B PFLI D@E;. 6FL[CC EFK@:< 8 ;@==<I<E:<! 6FL 8I< PFLI
KFL>?<JK :I@K@:. &K[J 9<<E J8@; 8>8@E 8E; 8>8@E, 9LK @K[J KIL<.
6FL N@CC :I@K@HL< PFLIJ<C=, @E:<JJ8EKCP KIP@E> KF D8B<
@DGIFM<D<EKJ <@K?ED<EKJ, PFLI 8IK
GIFA<:KJ, PFLI DLJ@:8C G@<:<J, PFLI NI@K@E> <E;<8MFIJ,
PFLI C@=< >F8CJ V & :FLC; >F FE. 0FD<K@D<J PFL ?8M< KF
ALJK JKFG K?< :I@K@HL@E> 8E; C<K @K >F. ,K?<IN@J<, PFL[CC
@E?@9@K PFLIJ<C= 8E; EFK?@E> N@CC ><K 8::FDGC@J?<;. &DG<I-
=<:K@FE @J 8 G8IK F= C@=<. "D9I8:< @K!
&[D JLI< &[CC =@E; DFI< 8;M@:< KF K<CC PFL 8J C@=< >F<J FE,
JF &[CC C<8M< PFL N@K? K?@J =@E8C FE< =FI EFN. #FI K?< I<JK
F= PFLI C@=<, K?<I< N@CC 9< FECP FE< G<IJFE PFL[CC ?8M< KF
C@M< N@K? :FEJ@JK<EKCP 8E; KFC<I8K< <E;C<JJCP. 6FLIJ<C=.
)<8IE KF CFM< PFLIJ<C= 8E; ><K :FD=FIK89C< @E PFLI FNE
JB@E; 9<:8LJ< PFL[I< >FEE8 ?8M< @K =FI 8 >FF; N?@C<! 1?@J
D8P JFLE; :?<<JP, 9LK FK?<IJ :8E[K CFM< PFL <EK@I<CP LEK@C
PFL CFM< PFL.
1?@J N8J FE< F= DP =@IJK 8IK@:C<J GL9C@J?<; @E K?< BI8EK
A;MF:8K<, 8E; @K[J 9<:FD< 8 =8MFLI@K< F= D@E<, 8J N<CC 8J
K@D<C<JJ @E @KJ D<JJ8><. &[M< 8CN8PJ BEFNE & N8EK<; KF 9<
8 NI@K<I, 9LK N?<E & 9<>8E <OGCFI@E> N8PJ KF GL9C@J?
:FEK<EK FE 8 9CF>, FI <M<E NI@K< =FI K?< A;MF:8K<, & ?8;
DP I<J<IM8K@FEJ 89FLK D8B@E> DPJ<C= BEFNE KF K?< NFIC;.
& >L<JJ & N8J NFII@<; 89FLK ?FN DP NI@K@E> NFLC; 9<
I<:<@M<;, 8E; @= & <M<E ?8; 8EP K8C<EK @E @K 8K 8CC! 4<CC, &
:8E K<CC PFL :FEKI@9LK@E> KF K?< BI8EK A;MF:8K< ?8J 9<<E
8E 8D8Q@E> <OG<I@<E:<! &[D JF 9C<JJ<; =FI K?< JLGGFIK 8E;
GFJ@K@M< =<<;98:B & ><K =IFD CFM<; FE<J 8E; G<FGC< & ;FE[K
EFID8CCP JG<8B N@K?. 1?8EB PFL.
?<<IJ KF 8 NFE;<I=LC ILE, 8E; >FF; CL:B KF <M<IPFE< @E
PFLI =LKLI< <E;<8MFIJ!
A;M@:< #FI *P 2E-A;FGK<; (@;J
9P *8IBLJ *:!8E@<C, BCF>: NNN.J:?E@GG@KJ.NFI;GI<JJ.:FD
XAJ 8 GFK<EK@8C >8P ;8;, & =<<C &
J?FLC;E[K E<<; KF J8P K?@J, 9LK &
N@CC. 6FLI J<OL8C FI@<EK8K@FE N@CC
E<M<I, <M<I 8==<:K DP CFM< =FI
PFL. 6FL N@CC 9< 8;FI<; N?<K?<I
PFL[I< ?FDF FI ?<K<IF, 9@ FI
KI8EJ. 4?8K D8KK<IJ DFJK @J
PFLI ?8GG@E<JJ!Y
LIGHTING - BLINDS - WALLPAPER - MIRRORS
405 St. Paul Avenue, Br antf or d.
90 Morton Ave East Brantford 519.757.1800 www.handcraftedwood.ca
#ine o!r Daes
Bench o!r
s&785)&; J80; 26
s&785)&; a8,867 9
niagara #ine o!r
s82)&; a8,867 17
Li"e M!sic on he Paio
J&<< - D*2.6 r32)*&8 & F5.*2)6
F5.)&;6 8:0041 - 11:0041
a&532 "36
7:0041 - 9:0041
8*6)&; J80; 22
#*)2*6)&; J80; 30
#*)2*6)&; a8,867 6
#*)2*6)&; a8,867 13
#*)2*6)&; a8,867 20
#*)2*6)&; a8,867 27
s!nDa$ - h!rsDa$
Pi%%a & Pin
e2/3; 32* 3+ 385 16 .2(- 6.,2&785*
4.<<&6 :.7- 2 3+ ;385 +&935.7* (5&+7
'**56 35 :.2*6 +35 $25.00

Language

Welcome to Scribd!

The Brant Advocate, Issue 35, July/August 2014

Uploaded by

Document Information

Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Description:

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Brant Advocate, Issue 35, July/August 2014

Uploaded by

Description:

Copyright:

Available Formats

Related titles

BRANTFORD | SIX NATIONS | PARIS | ST. GEORGE | WWW.BRANTADVOCATE.

COM | FREE | AUGUST 2014

Related Interests

Documents Similar To The Brant Advocate, Issue 35, July/August 2014

More From The Brant Advocate

Popular in Business

Trending

Related titles

Rate

Share