Training Material on Duckry Farming

for Improvement of Livelihoods

Prepared by : Society for Management of Information,
Learning and Extension (SMILE)
VOTI Complex
Laxmisagar, Bhubaneswar
Phone/Fax : 0674-2571965
Published by : NR Management Consultants India Pvt. Ltd.
nd
S-6, 2 Floor, Green Park Extension,
New Delhi-110016
On behalf of : Orissa Watershed Development Mission (OWDM)
Watershed Mission Complex
Siripur, Bhuabneswar 751003
Tel: +91 674 2397308/2397309
Fax: +91 674 2397988
Coordination : Rabindra Kumar Gouda, MC, WORLP
Year of Publication: 2011
Disclaimer : This document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department
for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing
countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID.
INTRODUCTION TO FLIPBOOK
Duck rearing is an important livelihood options for poor farmers throughout Orissa.
Duck farming is providing supplementary income thereby reduces poverty in rural
area. It can generate a continuous flow of income, enabling the poor to meet their
daily cash requirements and other contingency expenditures. Traditionally, the
role of women in duck farming is well recognised.
However, there is need to upgrade the skill of the male and female farmers to
support duck farming, since these are means of livelihood of poorer sections of the
society and will help in food production, food security, gender equity and providing
employment to women. The capacity building effort is likely to reduce losses, by
improving nutrition, hygiene, shelter and better health care to their existing
stock. In order to extend support to such an effort a number of tools have been
developed.
This flip book is one such tool.
In a situation, where people are unable to read and write, this tool will be useful to
communicate the intended message. The pictorial content inspires interaction
with the people and allows them to participate in the process of learning thereby,
clarifying some of the modern management practices in duck farming.
The facilitators are required to familiarise themselves throughly with the details
of this flip book before taking up a training activity in the field.
ABOUT THE FLIP BOOK AND ITS USE
The Flip book has been designed keeping in view that the target participants are primary stake holders. These
flip book will be used during the session at appropriate time. Hints are given in the Lesson Plan where to use the
flip book. The Trainer may use as per the requirement. This needs to be updated from time to time with
necessary changes.
This flip book is designed looking to the contents and entry behavior of the trainees.
The target group is expected to be duck keepers with a large number of illiterate mass among them.
It can either be placed vertically on a surface, or, the facilitator can put his hand through the fold and hold it up
and move it around for better view by the participants.
There is a picture on the front face of each page depicting a certain facet of the topic of discussion. The
facilitator can use this to get the response of the participants and take the topic forward.
TIPS FOR THE TRAINER
?Go through the Flip book thoroughly before using it.
?Make sure that you have familiarised yourself with all the details of all the pictures and have understood the
messages contained in them.
?Check the lesson plan and which page of flip book to be used during the session.
?You may keep the flip book ready and place it in front of you.
?Take care to display it for the participants at appropriate time.
?Start by asking them to describe what they see in the picture. You may lead them on by putting questions.
?Interpret the picture as per suggestions and make sure that everybody understands.
?Draw participants into an interactive mode and encourage them to express their ideas and opinions freely
and frankly.
?The text provided in the front page may be explained. Texts at the back page is for your reference only. This
should be built up further with appropriate examples and interpretations. This should never be read out to
the participants.
?Try to draw examples from the people reflecting their experience and observations. This will enhance the
effectiveness of your program.
?Smile at the participants with genuine feeling and try to draw every one into participation.
?Recap the learning during the topic discussion.
?Ask for doubts and go on clarifying them. If necessary, some of the questions may be kept for response at the end.
UTILITY OF THIS TRAINING MATERIAL (FLIPBOOK) ALONG WITH THE MAIN TRAINING MODULE
Lesson Plan Topic Session Code Flip Chart Reference Topic
IMPORTANCE OF BACKYARD DUCK REARING 1.1
1.1
1.1
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF DUCK 1.2
DISEASE CONTROL 1.4
1.3
1.2
1.4 INSEMINATION
1.1
1.2
IMPORTANCE OF DUCK REARING
IMPORTANCE OF BACKYARD DUCK REARING SOME COMMON DUCKS
IMPORTANCE OF BACKYARD DUCK REARING HANDLING OF DUCKS
TIPS TO START A DUCK UNIT
COMMON DISEASES OF DUCK
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF DUCK ADVANTAGES OF DUCK REARING
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF DUCK COMMON FEED OF DUCK
DISEASE CONTROL VACCINATION SCHEDULE
IMPORTANCE OF BACKYARD DUCK REARING INTEGRATED DUCK FARMING
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF DUCK ECONOMICS OF DUCK REARING
IMPORTANCE OF
DUCK REARING
1
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Duck meat and eggs are good to eat
It lays 40-50 eggs more than the Deshi bird
Duck eggs are heavier (15-20gm) than the Deshi Poultry bird
Ducks need lesser attention than Deshi bird and investment is low
There is no Cannibalism among Duck
Ducks eat mosquito pupa and larvae which is helpful for controlling
malaria
Duck meat is tender and nutritious
A person can get Rs.2000/- per year with a unit cost of 10+2 along
with house hold nutrition
Duck lays 40-50 eggs more than the Deshi bird.
IMPORTANCE OF
DUCK REARING
1
S
S
S
S
Duck meat and eggs are tasty
Ducks control malaria
Easy to maintain
Generate income
SOME COMMON
DUCKS
2
MUSCOVY
S
S
S
S
Good for meat, colour is
white and black
Males are twice the size of
female
Adult weight
Male - 4.5-6.5 Kg
Female - 2.2-3 Kg
Incubation period is 35 days
KHAKI CAMPBELL
S
S
S
S
S
Marketable age and weight
3month/1-1.5 Kg wt.
Good for egg production
It produces 250egg in 1st
year & 200 eggs in 2nd year
Laying period -2 year (after
6 to 30 month age)
Colour is Khaki
Khaki Campbell produces 250 eggs in 1st yr. & 200 eggs in 2nd yrs.
SOME COMMON
DUCKS
2
Muscovy (Moti Hans)
Khaki Campbell
HANDLING OF
DUCKS
3
S
S
S
Catch the duck at the neck
Duck should not be caught by on the side
of body or leg
Provide clean water for drinking
Do not catch wing and leg of ducks
HANDLING OF
DUCKS
3
S
S
Catch the duck
at the neck
Duck should
not be caught
by on the side
of body or leg
TIPS TO START
A DUCK UNIT
4
S
S
S
S
21 days after brooding duckling should
left for swimming in water body
For five female one male is required
Covered shelter is required to protect
from rain, heat and predators.
Floor space - one sq mt for 6 adult ducks
S
S
S
Artificial water trough is required
if water body is not available.
Collect the eggs in the morning
before 9 AM
Never allow duckling to come in
contact with used litter
For five female one male is required
TIPS TO START
A DUCK UNIT
4
S
S
Floor space - one sq mt for
6 adult ducks (5 female & 1
male)
Collect the eggs in the
morning before 9 AM
Muscovy female duck in Brooding
COMMON
DISEASES
OF DUCK
Duck Plague
S
S
S
S
S
It is a Contagious viral
disease.
It usually affects matured
ducks.
Greenish yellow diarrhoea
some times with blood stain.
Recovered birds immuned but
acts as carrier.
Vaccinate birds at the age of
2,10, 24 weeks thrice yearly
and repeat after 6 months.
Duck Cholera
S
S
S
Important disease of domestic
bird.
Mucus discharge from the
mouth.
Loss of appetite and diarrhoea.
5
Vaccinate the birds regularly
COMMON
DISEASES
OF DUCK
Duck Plague
S
S
It usually affects matured
ducks.
Greenish yellow diarrhoea some
times with blood stain.
Duck Cholera
S
S
S
Important disease of domestic
bird.
Mucus discharge from the
mouth.
Loss of appetite and diarrhoea.
5
SDucks can be used for both egg
and meat purposes.
6
ADVANTAGES OF
DUCK REARING
SDuck egg provides energy 191
Kcal compared to 163 Kcal from
hen egg.
Both the products are superior to poultry products
SDucks can be used for both egg
and meat purposes.
6
Duck meat
Duck egg
ADVANTAGES OF
DUCK REARING
SDuck egg provides more energy.
COMMON FEED
OF DUCK
l
l
l
l
l
Insects, worm, snail, frogs
Grass, weeds, roots, water plants Azolla
Seeds, grain, over ripened fruits and Vegetable
Mixed or exotic breeds are to be supplemented with concentrate feed
Duck are capable of converting food resources efficiently
7
Don't give stale foods to ducks
COMMON FEED
OF DUCK
l
l
l
l
Insects, worm,
snail, frogs
Grass, weeds,
roots, water
plants, Azolla
Seeds, grain, over
ripened fruits and
Vegetable
Supplementary
feed for more
production
7
VACCINATION
SCHEDULE
8
Disease Age and Route Remarks
booster doses
Duck plague 3-4 weeks Subcutaneous 1 ml.
Duck cholera 3-4 weeks Subcutaneous 1 ml.
Ducks are affected wit very few
diseases as compared to poultry. Ducks
are usually resistant to common avian
diseases. However, preventive
vaccination for the following diseases
is essential.
While vaccinating, ducks should be caught by neck
and not on the side of the body as this might lead to sudden death.
VACCINATION
SCHEDULE
8
Disease Age and Route Remarks
booster doses
Duck plague 3-4 weeks Subcutaneous 1 ml.
Duck cholera 3-4 weeks Subcutaneous 1 ml.
INTEGRATED
DUCK FARMING
9
Local duck farming with paddy performs
four essential functions:
1. Intertillage - During collection of the feed in the paddy field they
loosen the soil.
2. Weeding - They also take weeds.
3. Insect control - the expenses on insecticide are reduced as they
consume insects.
4. Manuring - Ducks consume the weeds and insects in the paddy field and
the droplets are useful for increasing the fertility of soil.
Keep the ducks out of gardens and fields when the plants are young and
tender. The ducks after attaining 2 weeks of age should be allowed in the
field after implantation till flowering stage. They are again allowed to
paddy field to collect their food after the harvesting of paddy. Ducks also
collect the food from the water.
Ducks are suitable for integrated farming.
INTEGRATED
DUCK FARMING
Duck farming with paddy:
1. Intertillage
2. Weeding
3. Insect control
4. Manuring
9
ECONOMICS OF
DUCK REARING
10
S
S
Initially, start with a
flock of 6 ducks
( 5 Female + 1 Male).
With a flock of 6 ducks
you will get 5 to 10
eggs each week.
INCOME GENERATION
Items of expenditure Cost
Purchase of ducks 80
Cost of medicine 30
Cost of supplementary feed (For 2 Yrs.) 800
Cost of labour inputs self
House 500
TOTAL 1410
Return over a period of 2 year
Sale of eggs in a year 3600
(150 eggs X 2 yrs. X 4 ducks X 3 rupees)
10 % home consumption
Sale price of birds 500
TOTAL 4100
Net gain = Rs. 2690.00, in addition to family nutrition.
ECONOMICS OF
DUCK REARING
10
S
S
Initially, start with a
flock of 6 ducks
( 5 Female + 1 Male).
With a flock of 6 ducks
you will get 5 to 10
eggs each week.