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ISSN 2201-2796

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2013, Scientific Research Journal
CERTAIN QUADRUPLE SERIES EQUATIONS
Kuldeep Narain

School of Quantitative Sciences
College of Arts and Sciences
Universiti Utara Malaysia
06010 UUM, Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.



Abstract- In this paper, we have obtained the solution of the quadruple series equations involving Jacobi polynomials as kernel. These
equations are finally reduced to Fredholm integral equations of second kind.
I ndex Terms Integral Equation, Series Equation, Jacobi polynomial
I. INTRODUCTION
In this paper, the solution of the following quadruple series equations have been derived

(

)

()
()
( )

( )

() ()

()
()
( )

( )

() ()

(

)

()
()
( )

( )

() ()

()
()
( )

( )

() ()

Where f
1
(x) to f
4
(x) are prescribed functions, sequences {A
n
} is to be determined and the parameters , , , , satisfy the
conditions - - > o, > - 1, > - 1, > - 1 and > - 1.

II. SOME USEFUL RESULTS
Here we listed some results for ready reference:
(i) The orthogonality relation for Jacobi polynomials is

()
()

()
() ( )

( )

( )( )

( )( )( )
()

where,
m
,
n
is kroneckers delta and > - 1, >-1.



(ii) The series
( )
( )

( )( )( )

( ) ( )( )

Scientific Research Journal (SCIRJ), Volume I, Issue 2, September 2013 27
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2013, Scientific Research Journal

( )
( )

()
()

()
() ()

( )

( )

()( )

( )

( )

( )

( ) ()

Where w = min (x, y), n(y) = (1+y)
--
(1-y)
--
and

( )( )( )( )

() ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )


It being assumed that the parameters are so constrained that

Is independent of
(iii) It f(x) and f
1
(x) are continuous in a x b and if o < < 1 then the solution of Able integral equations

()
()
( )

()


and

()
()
( )

()
are given by
()
()

()
( )

()
and
()
()

()
( )

()
respectively


III. SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS
Let us suppose

()
()
( )

( )

()
()
()

Making use of the orthogonality relation (2.1), we get from (1.2), (1.4) and (3.1),

( ) ( )

( )( )
[
( )

( )

()

()
()

( )

( )

()

()
()
( )

( )

()

()
()
( )

( )

()

()
() ] ()
Substituting this expression for A
n
from (3.2) in (1.1) and (1.3) and interchanging the order of integration and summation, we
obtain the equations
( )

( )

() ( ) ( )

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2013, Scientific Research Journal
( )

( )

() ( ) ( ) () ()


( )

( )

() ( ) ( )

( )

( )

() ( ) ( ) () ()

Where,
()

() ( )

( )

() ( ) ( )

( )

( )

() ( ) ( ) ()


()

() ( )

( )

() ( ) ( ) ()

S (r, x) is same as detained by (2.2) and


( )
( )

( )( )( )

( ) ( )( )

( )
( )

()
()

()
() ()

It is assumed that the form of H
n
is such that T (r,x) converges.
Equation (3.3) and (3.4) can be written as with the help of (2.3)

()
( )

( )

()
( )

( )

()

()
( )

( )

{ ( )

( )

() ( )

( )

()

( )

( )

()

()

With the help of (2.6), we find from (3.8)

( )

()
( )

()
()

( )

()
( )

()
Where,

()
( )

( )

()
( )

()

Using (2.7), we obtain from (3.9)
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2013, Scientific Research Journal
( )

()
( )

()
()( )

( )

( )

( )

()
( )

()

Now, using the result

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )
()

We find that
()

()
( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

()
( )
()

Where,

()
( )

( )

()
()( )

()

Using (3.4) and (2.3), we find

() ()
( )

{ ( )

( )

() ( )

( )

()} ( )
( )

()

( )

()

()
( )

( )

()
( )

( )

()
( )

()
Where,
()
( )

()
( )

()

From (3.16) and (2.7), we find
( )

()
( )

()
( )

()

The equation (3.15) has the form (2.4), then using (2.6), it can be written in the form,
n (y) G (y) = N
1
(y) +
1
+
2
, b < x < c (3.18)

Where,

()
( )

( )

()
( )

()

( )

( )

( )

()

()
( )

( )

()

( )

( )

()
( )

( )

()
( )

()

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2013, Scientific Research Journal

After some manipulation, we get

( )
( )

( )

()
( )

( )

()
( )

()

Putting the value of the last integral in the above equatin from (3.9), we get

()
( )
( )

( )

()


( )

()
( ) ( )

()

Where,

()
( )
( )

()( )

( )

()

After some manipulaton the equation (3.21) can be written in the form.

( )
( )

( )

()
( )

()
( ) ( )

()

Hence,

()
( )
( )

()( )

( )
()

Where,

( )

( )

()
( )

( )

()
Using equations (3.23) and (3.24) the equations (3.18) can be written in the form
() ()

()

() () ( )

()

Where,
( )
( )( )

( )

( )

()( )

( )( )
()

Equation (3.27) is a Fredholm integral equation of second kind. From equation (3.27), we can determine G(y), then g(u) and
h(u) can be easily obtained from equation (3.18) and equation (3.13) and hence the coefficients

can be found.

REFERENCES
[1] Cooke, J.C; Tripal integral equations, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math; 16, pp. 193-203 (1963).
[2] Cooke, J.C; The solution of triple and quadruple integral equations and Fourier-Bessel Series, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 25, pp.247-263
(1972).
[3] Rainville, E.D; Special Functions, Macmillan (1967).
[4] Spence, P.A; On dual series relations involving Laguerre Polynomials, Pacific. J. Maths ; 19, pp.529-533(1966b).