2012

Compendium of Contributions
by Main Donors

Front Cover: UNICEF/NYHQ2012-1850/Tanya Bindra

A smiling girl attends class at her school in the village of Bladier, in the rural municipality of
Oulessbougou, in the western Koulikoro Region. By late November 2012 in Mali, the occupation of much
of the countrys north by rebel forces had displaced an estimated 198,558 people and forced more than
200,000 to seek refuge in neighbouring countries. Additionally, Mali remains one of eight countries in the
Sahel region also including Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, Niger and the northern parts of Cameroon,
Nigeria and Senegal facing a severe food and nutrition crisis. The emergency is the result of repeated
drought-related food shortages, from which people have had insufficient time to recover before being again
affected. Conditions have improved since the height of the crisis in early 2012. Still, an estimated 10.3
million people throughout the Sahel are expected to face food insecurity in 2013, with 5 million pregnant
women and children under age 5 expected to suffer from malnutrition. This includes some 660,000 underfive Malian children who are expected to be acutely malnourished. In northern Mali, the pairing of food
shortages with increased conflict has already exposed some 510,000 people to food insecurity. Vulnerability
is highest among displaced populations, children under age 5 and women and is increasing within host
communities. Limited access to basic services, including water, sanitation and hygiene, is another key
concern, as is the conflicts effects on childrens rights, including to be educated. Some 25,000 internally
displaced students in the countrys south are in need of access to education. To respond to these and other
needs throughout 2013, UNICEF together with 54 humanitarian partners, including other United Nations
organizations and NGOs, have called for over US$370 million in the 2013 Consolidated Appeal for Mali.
UNICEFs portion of the appeal is approximately US$84.7 million.

Compendium of Contributions
by Main Donors

2012

Contents
A Note of Thanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Top 20 Public and Private Sector Donors to UNICEF, 2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Top 20 Government Donors to UNICEF, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Top 20 National Committee Donors to UNICEF, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Total Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Regular Resources (RR) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Other Resources (OR) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Other Resources Regular (ORR) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Other Resources Emergency (ORE) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Regular Resources and Other Resources, 2003-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Regular Resources the vital funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Trends in Total Contributions by Category, 2003-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Contributions received through Inter-organizational Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Breakdown of Thematic Revenue, 2012

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

Thematic funds highest quality earmarked funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Top Ten Donors to Thematic Funding, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Total UNICEF Contributions, 2011-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member Governments,

Regular Resources Revenue to UNDP, UNICEF and UNFPA, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member Governments,
Total Revenue to UNICEF Compared to ODA, ODA Per Capita and GNI
Per Capita, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Abbreviations and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

A Note of Thanks
Dear Partner,
Thank you for your continued commitment to our shared goal: achieving results in the lives of the worlds
most vulnerable children. UNICEFs ability to reach the children, families, and communities in greatest
need is dependent on our donor partners. In a continued austere economic situation worldwide the most
disadvantaged members of our society need our solidarity even more. UNICEF truly values the efforts by our
donor partners to sustain the support to our joint commitments.
There is much progress to celebrate. Through our continuous partnership it has been possible for more
children in more countries worldwide to receive clean water, basic sanitation, education, safe places to learn
and thrive, as well as crucial vaccines. Also, together we supported children in need during emergencies like
last years nutrition crisis in the Sahel or the continued turmoil in Syria.
In support of our joint efforts, UNICEF draws on several comparative advantages: our mandate, our technical
capacity and experience, our global presence and sincere local knowledge in more than 150 countries, our
ability to convene key actors locally, regionally and globally as well as partnerships on various levels and
building on the strengths of UN coherence. These advantages also allow UNICEF to appreciate the challenges
that remain, reaching particularly those children who are most disadvantaged and excluded as we approach the
2015 target for the Millennium Development Goals.
We can only achieve results in the most fragile settings and for the most disadvantaged children by walking
the extra mile through efficiency, innovation and strong partnerships. The UNICEF Virtual Integrated System
of Information (VISION) and the move to the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in
January 2012 are examples of our efforts to endorse and practice efficiency. VISION provides a platform for
results-based management and offers financial and programme information in one system. IPSAS improves
the quality of organizational-level financial reporting by ensuring improved accountability and transparency.
In 2012 UNICEF joined the International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI). In the spirit of accountability and
transparency, UNICEF also makes itself readily available for assessments by its donors, such as the Multilateral
Organization Performance Assessment Network (MOPAN).
Yet, the foundation for the organizations efficiency lies in its funding structure. The important Regular
Resources or funds without restrictions to their use allow UNICEF to streamline business practices and
programming, reduce transaction costs, and maintain maximum flexibility in order to reach those children most
in need. In this context, the growing imbalance between Regular and earmarked resources is of great concern.
Global thematic funds complement Regular Resources and are the ideal option for soft earmarking that allow
donor partners to direct the use of funds according to their priorities, but that also directly support UNICEFs
strategic objectives.
We look forward to innovating and strengthening our partnership in support of governments in their efforts to
achieve the Millennium Development Goals, and as we work with all to shape the Post-2015 agenda and better
future for children.
Sincerely,

Elhadj As Sy
Director
Public-Sector Alliances and
Resource Mobilization Office (PARMO)
New York, May 2013

Executive Summary
The Compendium of Contributions 2012 comprises
information on contributions from public and private
sector donor partners to UNICEF1. Information
presented in the Compendium demonstrates
the results of extensive policy and programme
partnerships between UNICEF and its donor partners.
The Compendium is not an official UNICEF financial
document, but it draws largely on financial data and is
predominantly intended as a practical and illustrative
report for donor partners.
In 2012, the total revenue to UNICEF was $3,958
million. Regular Resources (RR) revenue amounted
to $1,260 million, and Other Resources (OR) revenue
amounted to $2,698 million. Of the total revenue,
$2,621 million or 66 per cent was contributed by the
public sector including 51 per cent from government
donors, 6 per cent from inter-governmental
organizations, and 9 per cent from inter-organizational
arrangements. Private sector revenue was $1,261 or 32
per cent of the total UNICEF revenue including 24 per
cent from National Committees, 6 per cent from Global
Programme Partners and Partnerships, and 2 per cent
from UNICEF country office fundraising.
The proportion of Regular Resources has been steadily
decreasing from approximately 50 per cent in 2000
to 32 per cent in 2012. This has resulted in increased
challenges for UNICEF to pursue longer term objectives
and deliver on its mandate and priorities due to the
more restricted nature of non-core funding. In addition,
the institutional structure and resources allocated
for the core mandate become overstretched when
required to support the activities financed by non-core
funding, especially when cost recovery is insufficient.
As recognized in the resolution 67/2262 of the General
Assembly, the need to address the imbalance between
core and non-core resources and encourages Member
States to make core contributions which are key to
achieving the internationally agreed development goals,
and reducing transaction costs.
As reinforced by the General Assembly resolution,
optimizing the proportionality and complementarity
between RR and OR is important to achieve predictable
results for the most vulnerable and marginalized
populations, particularly children and women. UNICEFs
thematic funding provides an opportunity to provide

UNICEF moves to IPSAS

United Nations system organizations, including UNICEF,
have prepared their financial reporting in accordance
with United Nations Systems Accounting Standards
(UNSAS) since 1993. Through a General Assembly
resolution, member states requested UN organizations
to adopt International Public Sector Financial
Reporting Standards (IPSAS) to enhance the quality
of organizational-level financial reporting by ensuring
improved transparency, accountability and governance.
UNICEF adopted IPSAS effective January 1, 2012.
A meaningful analysis of trends in revenue from one
period to the next requires comparable data. The change
in accounting standards in 2012 from UNSAS to IPSAS
may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012
figures and previous years. Under IPSAS, revenue is
recorded at the earlier of either cash received or signature
of a formal agreement with the donor. In addition:
Where the donor indicates the year of use of the
contribution, revenue is not recorded until the year
of use is reached;
Where the agreement has legislative, termination
or reduction clauses, revenue is no longer recorded
until UNICEF is notified of the legislative approval,
or when cash is received;
Where the agreement has a performance clause,
revenue is no longer recorded until UNICEF
has performed its obligation. In most cases, a
performance clause represents a requirement for
UNICEF to provide the donor with a financial or
narrative report or an official request for payment
before additional funds are released to UNICEF.
high quality earmarked funding allowing long-term
planning, sustainability and savings in transaction costs
for both UNICEF and donors. However, thematic funding
constituted only 11 per cent of total Other Resources
income in 2012. This is a worrying trend and UNICEF
looks to work with its donor partners to reverse this
trend in seeking also to enhance efficiency in its funding,
programme implementation and quality results reporting.

1 All figures in this reports analysis have been rounded.

2 The General Assembly resolution (67/226) on the Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review (QCPR) of UN operational activities for
development adopted on 21 December 2012.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

Top 20 Public and Private Sector Donors to UNICEF, 2012

The top 20 donors contributed $2,760 million or 70 per cent
of the total revenue to UNICEF. These donors provided 72
per cent of total Regular Resources (RR) revenue and 68
per cent of total Other Resources (OR) revenue. Revenue
received through inter-organizational arrangements is
excluded from this ranking as it originates primarily from the
same group of major UNICEF government donors.

Of the top 20 donors, 72 per cent belonged to public sector

(governments and inter-governmental organizations) while
the remaining 28 per cent were private sector donors (Global

Programme Partnerships and NatComs). All government

donors in this list belong to the OECD Development
Assistance Committee (DAC).

In 2012, the top five donors were all public sector donors.
These comprised four government donors including United
Kingdom, United States of America, Norway, and Japan,
and one inter-governmental organization, the European
Commission. These five donors contributed almost half of
the total contributions of all top 20 donors.

United Kingdom
United States
of America
Norway
European
Commission
Japan
Canada
Sweden
Japan NC
Netherlands
France NC
Germany NC
Australia
Bill & Melinda
Gates Foundation
United States
of America NC
Netherlands NC

Regular Resources

Sweden NC
Republic of
Korea NC

Other Resources (Regular)

Germany

Other Resources (Emergency)

United
Kingdom NC
Denmark

US$ thousands

Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

50,000

Donors
United Kingdom
United States of America
Norway
European Commission
Japan
Canada
Sweden
Japan NC
Netherlands
France NC
Germany NC
Australia
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
United States of America NC
Netherlands NC
Sweden NC
Republic of Korea NC
Germany
United Kingdom NC
Denmark

100,000

150,000

Regular
Resources (US$)
63,492,400
131,755,000
80,545,500
17,300,374
18,000,000
69,974,400
129,923,654
42,288,520
69,393,474
47,422,248
35,594,944
19,899,939
53,481,916
34,805,625
43,066,582
8,076,870
17,829,794
29,054,750

200,000

Other Resources
(regular) (US$)
213,791,582
115,989,899
141,049,325
137,868,990
59,116,958
113,957,010
59,040,371
14,722,201
73,603,394
16,127,223
31,690,150
33,714,951
84,627,476
51,051,190
16,095,125
28,977,541
19,967,335
12,528,910
30,891,938
10,409,093

250,000

Other Resources
(emergency) (US$)
57,218,787
86,352,545
12,688,570
89,977,613
120,994,614
47,559,465
32,317,050
6,334,752
8,571,427
9,942,647
9,779,862
18,707,638
9,071,498
7,339,232
1,105,394
1,234,480
39,997,163
9,186,899
14,448,672

300,000

350,000

Total (US$)
334,502,769
334,097,444
234,283,395
227,846,604
197,411,946
179,516,475
161,331,821
150,980,606
124,463,341
95,463,344
88,892,260
88,017,533
84,627,476
80,022,628
76,916,273
64,888,560
64,268,398
60,602,943
57,908,631
53,912,515

Top 20 Government Donors to UNICEF, 2012*

The top 20 government donors contributed $1,979 million or
50 per cent of the total revenue to UNICEF. These donors
provided 47 per cent of total Regular Resources revenue and
52 per cent of total Other Resources revenue. Of these top
20 donors, all except one (Saudi Arabia) belong to the OECD
Development Assistance Committee. Contributions received
through inter-organizational arrangements are excluded from

this ranking as they originate primarily from the same group

of major UNICEF government donors.

In 2012, the top five donors in this category included United

Kingdom, United States of America, Norway, Japan and
Canada. These five donors contributed 65 per cent of the
total contributions of all top 20 government donors.

United Kingdom
United States
of America
Norway
Japan
Canada
Sweden
Netherlands
Australia
Germany
Denmark
Finland
Belgium
Switzerland
Ireland
France

Regular Resources

Saudi Arabia

Other Resources (Regular)

Spain
Italy

Other Resources (Emergency)

Luxembourg
New Zealand

US$ thousands

Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

50,000

Donors

100,000

Regular
Resources (US$)

United Kingdom
United States of America
Norway
Japan
Canada
Sweden
Netherlands
Australia
Germany
Denmark
Finland
Belgium
Switzerland
Ireland
France
Saudi Arabia
Spain
Italy
Luxembourg
New Zealand

63,492,400
131,755,000
80,545,500
17,300,374
18,000,000
69,974,400
42,288,520
35,594,944
8,076,870
29,054,750
21,144,260
24,747,565
21,598,200
10,991,936
1,328,020
1,000,000
3,808,218
3,519,253
4,535,160

150,000

Rank
4
1
2
12
11
3
5
6
14
7
10
8
9
13
20
23
16
17
15

200,000

Other Resources
(regular) (US$)
213,791,582
115,989,899
141,049,325
59,116,958
113,957,010
59,040,371
73,603,394
33,714,951
12,528,910
10,409,093
10,999,659
6,151,529
8,957,840
13,960,397
16,500,656
7,600,013
219,193
5,906,453
3,971,193
1,511,431

Rank
1
3
2
6
4
7
5
8
11
13
12
16
14
10
9
15
33
17
19
23

250,000

Other Resources
(emergency) (US$)
57,218,787
86,352,545
12,688,570
120,994,614
47,559,465
32,317,050
8,571,427
18,707,638
39,997,163
14,448,672
9,313,613
8,128,631
1,959,072
1,329,215
1,368,856
5,360,962
8,008,608
5,953,594
638,969
408,495

300,000

350,000

Rank

Total (US$)

3
2
9
1
4
6
11
7
5
8
10
12
17
19
18
15
13
14
22
24

334,502,769
334,097,444
234,283,395
197,411,946
179,516,475
161,331,821
124,463,341
88,017,533
60,602,943
53,912,515
41,457,532
39,027,725
32,515,112
26,281,548
19,197,532
13,960,976
12,036,019
11,860,047
8,129,415
6,455,086

* Excludes Inter-governmental Organizations.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

Top 20 National Committee Donors to UNICEF, 2012

There are 36 UNICEF National Committees (NatComs)
throughout the industrialized world. They are non-profit, nongovernmental entities established according to national laws,
and are instrumental in mobilizing private sector resources for
UNICEFs work.

In 2012, the top 20 NatComs contributed $911 million or

23 per cent of the total revenue to UNICEF. These donors
provided 43 per cent of total Regular Resources revenue and

14 per cent of total Other Resources revenue. Of the top

20 donors, all except one (Hong Kong) belong to the OECD
Development Assistance Committee.

The top five NatCom donors included the NatComs of

Japan, France, Germany, United States of America and the
Netherlands. These five donors contributed 54 per cent of the
total contributions of all top 20 NatCom donors.

Japan
France
Germany
United States
of America
Netherlands
Sweden
Republic of Korea
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Switzerland
Finland
Denmark
Australia
Belgium

Regular Resources

Hong Kong

Other Resources (Regular)

Canada
Norway

Other Resources (Emergency)

Austria
Portugal

US$ thousands

Rank

40,000

Donors

1
2
3

Japan
France
Germany

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Regular
Resources (US$)

80,000

Rank

Other Resources
(regular) (US$)

120,000

Rank

Other Resources
(emergency) (US$)

160,000

Rank

Total (US$)

129,923,654
69,393,474
47,422,248

1
2
4

14,722,201
16,127,223
31,690,150

9
7
2

6,334,752
9,942,647
9,779,862

7
1
2

150,980,606
95,463,344
88,892,260

United States of America

19,899,939

51,051,190

9,071,498

80,022,628

Netherlands
Sweden
Republic of Korea
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Switzerland
Finland
Denmark
Australia
Belgium
Hong Kong
Canada
Norway
Austria
Portugal

53,481,916
34,805,625
43,066,582
17,829,794
27,452,050
30,601,465
5,831,830
13,291,035
9,268,513
6,835,048
8,018,537
7,114,188
7,166,999
6,007,319
4,691,475
3,204,129

3
6
5
10
8
7
18
11
12
16
13
15
14
17
19
21

16,095,125
28,977,541
19,967,335
30,891,938
19,869,676
11,346,444
11,613,207
4,613,257
7,064,558
5,482,412
5,127,511
5,947,790
2,949,978
3,512,214
1,081,247
1,272,564

8
4
5
3
6
11
10
16
12
14
15
13
18
17
23
21

7,339,232
1,105,394
1,234,480
9,186,899
3,760,492
6,338,331
1,301,878
516,477
1,084,272
3,601,606
1,956,296
221,014
2,396,493
237,517
609,467
330,753

5
15
14
3
8
6
13
19
16
9
11
27
10
24
17
20

76,916,273
64,888,560
64,268,398
57,908,631
51,082,218
48,286,240
18,746,916
18,420,769
17,417,342
15,919,066
15,102,344
13,282,992
12,513,470
9,757,050
6,382,189
4,807,445

Total Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012

The total revenue to UNICEF was $3,958 million
in 2012. Regular Resources revenue amounted
to $1,260 million, and Other Resources revenue
amounted to $2,698 million. Of the total revenue,
$2,621 million or 66 per cent was contributed by the
public sector including 51 per cent from government
donors, 6 per cent from inter-governmental
organizations, and 9 per cent from inter-organizational
arrangements. Private sector revenue was $1,261
million or 32 per cent of the total UNICEF revenue
including 24 per cent from NatComs, 6 per cent from
Global Programme Partners and Partnerships, and 2
per cent from UNICEF country office fundraising.

The world economy continues to struggle with

high unemployment, weak aggregate demand
compounded by fiscal austerity, a high burden of
public debt, and a weakened financial sector in many
OECD DAC countries1. Depreciation of the Euro vis-vis other major currencies was the defining trend in
global foreign exchange markets for the first half of
2012, driven by the escalation of the debt crisis in the
Euro zone.

Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations2

$2,271M
57%

Private Sector3

$1,261M
32%

Other4
Inter-organizational
arrangements5

$76M
2%

$350M
9%
Total: US$3,958 million6

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow

meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

UNICEF Contributions Trend by Donor Category, 2003-12

3,000
Public Sector
2,500
Private Sector

US$ millions

2,000

Other

1,500

1,000

500

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

1 World Economic Situation and Prospects 2013 Global Outlook, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, December 2012.
2 Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, InterAmerican Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
3 R
 evenue from Private Sector includes global funds, foundations, non-governmental organizations, National Committees and country office private sector
fundraising.
4 Other - Interest and miscellaneous income, which includes gains/losses on foreign exchange transactions.
5 Inter-organizational arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human
Security Trust Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank (including the Global Partnership for
Education), as well as UN Joint Programme where UNICEF is the Administrative Agent.
6 Total revenue includes financial adjustments and refunds.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

Regular Resources Revenue (RR) by Type of Donor, 2012*

Regular Resources allow UNICEF to maintain a global
presence, reach those most in need, respond rapidly
to emergencies and implement programmes with
predictability and continuity. The total RR revenue to
UNICEF was $1,260 million in 2012. Of this, $601 million
or 48 per cent was contributed by government donors
while private sector revenue was $583 or 46 per cent of
the total RR revenue.

The top 20 donors to RR contributed $994 million or

79 per cent of the total RR revenue to UNICEF.
Of these donors, 54 per cent belonged to government
donors while the remaining 46 per cent were private sector
donors. All government donors in this ranking belong to the
OECD Development Assistance Committee.

In 2012, the top five RR donors were comprised of three

government donors including United States of America,
Norway and Sweden, and two NatCom donors including
Japan Committee for UNICEF and French Committee for
UNICEF. These five donors contributed almost half of the
total RR contributions of all top 20 RR donors.

Regular Resources Contributions by Type

of Donor, 2012

Private Sector1

Other2

$583M
46%

$76M
6%

Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations3

$601M
48%

2012 Top 20 Donors for RR

Donor

RR (US$)

Total RR: US$1,260 million4

United States of America

131,755,000

Japan NC

129,923,654

Norway

80,545,500

Sweden

69,974,400

France NC

69,393,474

United Kingdom

63,492,400

Netherlands NC

53,481,916

Germany NC

47,422,248

Private Sector

$377M
35%

Republic of Korea NC

43,066,582

10

Netherlands

42,288,520

11

Australia

35,594,944

12

Sweden NC

34,805,625

13

Spain NC

30,601,465

14

Denmark

29,054,750

15

Italy NC

27,452,050

16

Belgium

24,747,565

17

Switzerland

21,598,200

18

Finland

21,144,260

19

United States of America NC

19,899,939

20

Canada

18,000,000

Regular Resources Contributions by Type

of Donor, 2011

Other

$55M
5%

Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations

$646M
60%

Total RR: US$1,078 million

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

1 R
 evenue from Private Sector includes global funds, foundations, non-governmental organizations, National Committees and country office private sector
fundraising.
2 Other - interest and miscellaneous income, which includes gains/losses on foreign exchange transactions.
3 Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, InterAmerican Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
4 Total RR includes financial adjustments and refunds.

Other Resources (OR) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012*

Other Resources are received for a specific programme purpose
or for strategic priorities. These are further categorized as Other
Resources - Regular (ORR) and Other Resources Emergency (ORE).

In 2012, the total OR revenue to UNICEF was $2,698 million

constituting $1,861 million or 69 per cent in ORR and $837 million
or 31 per cent in ORE. Of this, $2,020 million or 75 per cent
was contributed by the public sector including 62 per cent from
government and inter-governmental donors, and 13 per cent from
inter-organizational arrangements. Private sector donors contributed
$678 or 25 per cent of the total OR revenue including 14 per cent
from NatComs, 8 per cent from Global Programme Partners and
Partnerships, and 3 per cent from UNICEF country office fundraising.

The top 20 donors to OR contributed $2,073 million or 77 per

cent of the total OR revenue to UNICEF. Of these top 20 donors,
84 per cent belonged to public sector donors while the remaining
16 per cent were private sector donors.

The top five OR donors were comprised of four government

donors including United Kingdom, United States of America,
Japan and Canada, and one inter-governmental organization, the
European Commission. These five donors contributed almost half
of the total OR contributions of all top 20 OR donors.

Other Resources Contributions by Type

of Donor, 2012

Private Sector2
Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations1

$1,671M
62%

1
2
3

United Kingdom
European Commission
United States of America

OR (US$)
271,010,369
227,846,604
202,342,444
180,111,572

Japan

Canada

161,516,475

Norway

153,737,895

Inter-organizational
Arrangements3

$350M
13%

2012 Top 20 Donors and Funding Sources - OR

Donor

$678M
25%

Total OR: US$2,698 million4

Other Resources Contributions by Type

of Donor, 2011

UNOCHA

130,597,715

Private Sector

UNDP5

115,168,534

Sweden

91,357,421

10

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

84,627,476

$712M
27%

11

Netherlands

82,174,821

12

United States of America NC

60,122,689

13

Germany

52,526,073
52,422,589

14

Australia

15

Germany NC

41,470,013

16
17

United Kingdom NC
Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria6

40,078,837
38,315,224

18

Rotary International

30,377,908

19

Sweden NC

30,082,935

20

World Bank

27,312,055

Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations

$1,614M
61%
Inter-organizational
Arrangements

$307M
12%
Total OR: US$2,633 million

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

1 Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, Inter-American
Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
2 Income from Private Sector includes global funds, foundations, non-governmental organizations, National Committees and country office private sector fundraising.
3 Inter-organizational Arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human Security
Trust Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank, as well as UN Joint Programme where UNICEF
is the Administrative Agent.
4 Total OR includes financial adjustments and refunds.
5 Inter-organizational Arrangement (including MDFTs and Delivering as One funding and contribution from the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
received via UNDP).
6 Funds received as the Principal Recipient.
7 Including contributions from the Global Partnership for Education.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

Other Resources Regular (ORR) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012*

The total ORR revenue to UNICEF was $1,861 million
in 2012. Of this, $1,265 million or 68 per cent was
mobilized from the public sector including 59 per cent from
government and inter-governmental donors, and 9 per
cent from inter-organizational arrangements. Private sector
donors contributed $595 or 32 per cent of the total ORR
revenue including 16 per cent from NatComs, 12 per cent
from Global Programme Partners and Partnerships, and
4 per cent from UNICEF country office fundraising.

The top 20 donors to ORR contributed $1,391 million or

75 per cent of the total ORR revenue to UNICEF. Of these
top 20 donors, 77 per cent belonged to public sector
donors while the remaining 23 per cent were private
sector donors.

The top five ORR donors were comprised of four

government donors including United Kingdom, Norway,
United States of America, and Canada, and one intergovernmental organization, the European Commission.
These five donors contributed almost half of the total ORR
contributions of all top 20 ORR donors.

Other Resources (Regular) Contributions by

Type of Donor, 2012

Private Sector2

$595M
32%
Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations1

$1,093M
59%

Inter-organizational
Arrangements3

$172M
9%

2012 Top 20 Donors and Funding Sources - ORR

Donor

Total ORR: US$1,861 million4

ORR (US$)

United Kingdom

213,791,582

Norway

141,049,325

European Commission

137,868,990

United States of America

115,989,899

Canada

113,957,010

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

84,627,476

Netherlands

73,603,394

UNDP5

71,243,246

Japan

59,116,958

10

Sweden

59,040,371

11

United States of America NC

51,051,190

12

Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis,

and Malaria6

38,315,224

13

Australia

33,714,951

14

Germany NC

31,690,150

15

United Kingdom NC

30,891,938

16

Rotary International

30,377,908

17

Sweden NC

28,977,541

18

World Bank7

27,312,055

19

GAVI Alliance

25,407,400

20

United Nations Joint Programme

22,725,775

Other Resources (Regular) Contributions by

Type of Donor, 2011

Private Sector

$522M
31%
Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations

$1,004M
60%
Inter-organizational
Arrangements

$145M
9%
Total ORR: US$1,670 million

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

1 Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, InterAmerican Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
2 Income from Private Sector includes global funds, foundations, non-governmental organizations, National Committees and country office private sector fundraising.
3 Inter-organizational Arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human Security
Trust Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank, as well as UN Joint Programme where
UNICEF is the Administrative Agent.
4 Total ORR includes financial adjustments and refunds.
5 Inter-organizational Arrangements (including MDFTs and Delivering as One funding and contribution from the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and
Malaria received via UNDP).
6 Funds received as the Principal Recipient.
7 Including contributions from the Global Partnership for Education.

10

Other Resources Emergency (ORE) Revenue by Type of Donor, 2012*

In 2012, the total ORE revenue to UNICEF was $837
million. Of this, $754 million or 90 per cent was contributed
by the public sector including 69 per cent from government
and inter-governmental donors, and 21 per cent from interorganizational arrangements. Private sector contributed
$83 million or 10 per cent of the total ORE revenue
including 10 per cent from NatComs, and 0.3 per cent from
UNICEF country office fundraising.
In 2012, UNICEF requested humanitarian funding through
20 Consolidated Appeal Processes (CAP), 4 flash appeals,
15 non-CAP countries named in Humanitarian Action for
Children 2013, and 3 other crises requiring humanitarian
assistance. Overall, UNICEF sought $1.49 billion in 2012 for
its humanitarian interventions.

The top 20 donors to ORE contributed $767 million or 92

per cent of the total ORE revenue to UNICEF. Of these top
20 donors, 95 per cent belonged to public sector donors
while the remaining 5 per cent were private sector donors.

The top five ORE donors were comprised of three

government donors including Japan, United States of
America and United Kingdom, one inter-organizational
arrangement - UNOCHA, and one inter-governmental
organization, the European Commission. These five donors
contributed 63 per cent of the total ORE contributions of all
top 20 ORE donors.

2012 Top 20 Donors and Funding Sources - ORE

Donor
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

UNOCHA
Japan
European Commission
United States of America
United Kingdom
Canada
UNDP6
Germany
Sweden
Australia
Denmark
Norway
France NC
Germany NC
Finland
United Kingdom NC
United States of America NC
Netherlands
Belgium
Spain
5

ORE (US$)
130,587,715
120,994,614
89,977,613
86,352,545
57,218,787
47,559,465
43,925,288
39,997,163
32,317,050
18,707,638
14,448,672
12,688,570
9,942,647
9,779,862
9,313,613
9,186,899
9,071,498
8,571,427
8,128,631
8,008,608

Other Resources (Emergency) contributions

by Type of Donor, 2012

Private Sector2

Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations1

$577M
69%

$83M
10%

Inter-organizational
Arrangements3

$177M
21%

Total ORE: US$837 million4

Other Resources (Emergency) contributions

by Type of Donor, 2011

Private Sector

$190M
20%
Governments and
Inter-governmental
Organizations

$610M
63%
Inter-organizational
Arrangements

$163M
17%
Total ORE: US$963 million

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.
1 Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, Inter-American
Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
2 Income from Private Sector includes global funds, foundations, non-governmental organizations, National Committees and country office private sector fundraising.
3 Inter-organizational Arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human Security Trust
Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank (including the Global Partnership for Education), as well
as UN Joint Programme where UNICEF is the Administrative Agent.
4 Total ORE includes financial adjustments and refunds.
5 Contributions received through UNOCHA mostly originate from the same group of major UNICEF government and inter-governmental donors and mainly CERF funding.
6 Inter-organizational Arrangements (including MDFTs and Delivering as One funding and contribution from the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
received via UNDP).

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

11

Regular Resources and Other Resources, 2003-12

The growth in earmarked funding (Other Resources) has
surpassed the growth of un-earmarked funding (regular
resources) by manifolds during the past 10 years. As a
result, the RR proportion of contributions has been steadily
decreasing from approximately 50 per cent in 2000 to
32 per cent in 2012. This has resulted in increased challenges
for UNICEF to pursue longer term objectives and deliver on
its mandate and priorities due to the more restricted nature

of non-core funding. In addition, the institutional structure

and resources allocated for the core mandate become
overstretched when required to support the activities financed
by non-core funding, especially when cost recovery is
insufficient. Optimizing the proportionality and complementarity
between RR and OR is important to drive predictable results for
the most vulnerable and marginalized populations, particularly
children and women.

4,500
Regular Resources

4,000

Other Resources

3,500

US$ millions

3,000

2,761

2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500

Share
RR/OR

1,688
956

1,978

1,949

1,187
791

812

2,781
1,725
1,056

Total

3,013
1,907
1,106

3,390

3,256

2,305

2,190

1,085

1,066

3,682

3,711

2,717

2,633

965

1,078

732

2003

43%/57%

2004

2005

2006

38%/62%

2007

2008

2009

33%/67%

2010

2011

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to

IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons
between 2012 figures and prior years.

Contributions from all Donors

3,958

2,698

1,260

2012

32%/68%

Regular Resources

US$ millions

2,500

Other Resources

2,000
1,500

1,159

1,361
923

1,543
1,074

1,000

755

500

403

438

469

Share
2003
RR/OR 35%/65%

2004

2005

1,792
1,326

Total

1,864

1,921

2,251

1,679

1,657

594

576

646

2009

2010

2011

466

538

616

2006

2007

2008

26%/74%

2,568

2,295

1,969
1,431

2,440

26%/74%

Contributions from National Committees, Non-governmental Organizations

and Other Private Sector Sources*

US$ millions

1,400
1,200

Regular
Resources

1,000

Other
Resources

1,188

1,164
875

800

Total

800
600

493

555

400

292

292

200

201

0
2003
Share
RR/OR 59%/41%

289

400

400

1,089

916
853
712

626
476
392

361

2007

2008

533
383

335

2009

2010

377

263
2004

2005

2006
50%/50%

* Includes contributions from global funds and foundations.

12

868

987

42%/58%

2011

2,621
2,020

601

2012

23%/77%

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to

IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons
between 2012 figures and prior years.

3,000

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to

IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons
between 2012 figures and prior years.

Contributions from Public Sector: Governements, Inter-governemental Organizations

and Inter-organizational Arrangements

1,261

678
583

2012
46%/54%

Regular Resources the vital funds

Regular Resources (RR) that is, funds without
restrictions on their use provide the important backbone
for UNICEFs extensive operations worldwide.
RR means steady and predictable funding which allows
UNICEF and partners to undertake our work with a
measure of certainty and continuity. RR helps ensure
UNICEFs independence, neutrality, and role as a trusted
partner to all parties, including national governments and
civil society actors. RR funds enable the organization to
focus on delivering the best quality services for children.
As RR is un-earmarked, it can be easily moved from
programme to programme, or within programmes, covering
essential supplies, services, and technical expertise that
may not be addressed by restricted donations. This has
been the case with UNICEFs equity agenda, whereby tens
of millions of dollars have been directed to focus on the
needs and rights of the most marginalized children. As an
example, RR funded the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
and other essential tools that have facilitated the monitoring
of results for equity, which is central to the success of the
equity agenda.
In 2012, RR amounted to $1,260 million, representing
32 per cent of the total UNICEF revenue; yet, RR did
decrease by 7 per cent when compared to 2011. UNICEF
is especially thankful to all the donor partners that have
been able to sustain their contributions to RR, despite
the continued austere global economic climate. UNICEF
also welcomes the General Assembly resolution 67/226
(2012 Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review) and the
concern expressed by member states for the declining
share of RR to the United Nations funds and programmes
and the imbalance between core and non-core resources.
With less RR, UNICEF faces increasing difficulties fulfilling
our mandate for childrens rights. RR is what allows us to
most efficiently reach the most vulnerable children.

UNICEF together with partners depend on RR to:

Maintain a global presence
Be strategic and implement the - Executive
Board approved - Mid-Term Strategic
Plan (MTSP)
Ensure equity - the needs and rights of the
most marginalized children
Quickly respond to changing circumstances
and emerging challenges
Advocate for childrens rights, influencing
global agendas
Keep transaction costs to a minimum
and deliver greatest value for money
Innovate and advance solutions on behalf
of children and invest in new projects that
can be brought to scale to reach
more children

In 2012 RR enabled us to:

BENIN: strengthen the Expanded Programme on
Immunization, with more than 1,000 community
health workers delivering services to remote and
disadvantaged communities.
BURUNDI: the right to education of hundreds of
thousands of Burundi children was fulfilled thanks
to the equity-based education strategy, focusing
on the most hard-to-reach communities.
COSTA RICA: provide migrant children and their
families with legal status and, consequently,
essential social services.
MADAGASCAR: respond to Cyclone Giovanna
a category 4 cyclone which affected nearly
a quarter million people.

Please visit www.unicef.org/parmo to see the

Regular Resources video as shown at the 1st Regular
Session of the UNICEF Executive Board in 2013.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

13

Trends in Total Contributions by Category, 2003-12

Overall UNICEF income has been growing over the last ten
years. 2005 is marked by a deviation in the proportion of
ORE to the total income due to the unprecedented response
of the donor community to the Indian Ocean Earthquake and

Tsunami. The surge in 2010 ORE was largely due to private

sector funding for the earthquake in Haiti, and that of 2011 is
attributed to increased funding for the Horn of Africa crisis.

Contributions from All Donors

4,500

Regular Resources

3,682
3,390

Other Resources (Emergency)

3,500
3,000
US$ millions

3,958

Other Resources (Regular)

2,761

2,500

2,781

3,013

3,256

735

1,023

3,711
963

663

529
599

1,978

2,000

1,688

1,500

443

1,000

515

500

730

0
Total Contributions

1,129

391
796

791

1,126

1,378

1,570

1,527

1,694

1,670

1,106

1,085

1,066

965

1,078

820

812

1,056

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

1,688

1,978

2,761

2,781

3,013

3,390

3,256

3,682

3,711

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow

meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

4,000

838

1,861

1,260

2012
3,958

RR

730

791

812

1,056

1,106

1,085

1,066

965

1,078

1,260

OR (Regular)

515

796

820

1,126

1,378

1,570

1,527

1,694

1,670

1,861

OR (Emergencies)

443

391

1,129

599

529

735

663

1,023

963

838

4,100

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow

meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

4,500
Regular Resources
Other Resources (Regular)
3,700

US$ millions

3,300

Other Resources (Emergency)

Total

2,900
2,500
2,100
1,700
1,300
900
500
100

2003

14

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Contributions received through Inter-organizational Arrangements*;**

continues to grow and has doubled from $178 million in 2006
to $350 million in 2012. The leading contributors include
UNOCHA, UNDP, World Bank, UN Joint Programme, and
UNAIDS. Funding received from CERF totaled $129 million.

400

356

Other Resources (Regular)

350

Other Resources (Emergency)

300

307

296

Total

256
234

US$ millions

250

200

150

196

178
175

165

128

50

145

140

91

100

163

160

156

59

50

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow

meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

UNICEF continued its participation in the UN coherence

and inter-organizational partnership arrangements through a
variety of pooled funds and Multi-Donor Trust Funds (MDTFs).
Contributions from inter- organizational arrangements

350

177
172

2011

2012

Total IN 2012: US$350 million

Inter-organizational Arrangements
2008-12 (US$ millions)

Multi-Donor Trust Funds, 2012 (excluding CERF)

(US$ millions)
Common Humanitarian Funds

400

356

350

296

300
250

98

350

0.8

307

3.4

129

256

94

0.8 0.8

1.4

One Funds

0.6

0.1

MDG Achievement Fund

0.1

Joint Programmes via MPTFO

Emergency Response Fund

104

5.1
200

98

121

150
100

5.6
102

109

Iraq Trust Fund

110

DRC Stabilization and

Recovery Fund

7.8

99

44.2

50

93

137

101

110

59
0

Peace Building Fund

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Nepal UN Peace Fund

UN Partnership - Rights of Persons
with disabilities MDTF

17.7

Sierra Leone MDTF

UN Action against Sexual Violence

21.9

Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)

Darful Peace & Stability Fund

Multi-Donor Trust Funds (MDTFs)

UN Indigenous
People's Partnership

Other Inter-organizational Arrangements

Cape Verde Transition Fund

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.
** Inter-organizational Arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human
Security Trust Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank (including the Global Partnership for
Education), as well as UN Joint Programme where UNICEF is the Administrative Agent.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

15

Breakdown of Thematic Revenue, 2012 (US$ millions)

Thematic funds directly support achievement of the MTSP
key results and humanitarian response by allowing longterm planning, sustainability and savings in transaction costs
for both UNICEF and donors. Overall thematic funding for
the five MTSP focus areas was $198 million, and thematic
humanitarian assistance was $89 million. Basic Education and
Gender Equality received the highest funding, with Norway
providing 75 per cent of the overall funding for this focus area.

Thematic Revenue, 2012

Policy Advocacy $6M
and Partnerships 2%

Thematic Revenue by MTSP Focus Areas, 2012

$6M
3%
HIV/AIDS $11M
and Children 6%
Policy Advocacy
and Partnerships

Humanitarian
Response

$89M
31%

HIV/AIDS $11M
and Children 4%

Thematic funding constituted only 11 per cent of total OR

income in 2012. This is a worrying trend and UNICEF looks
to work with its donor partners to reverse this trend in
seeking also to enhance efficiency in its funding, programme
implementation, and quality results reporting.

Basic Education
and Gender
Equality

$18M
Child
Protection 6%

$122M
43%

Young Child $41M

Survival and
Development 14%

Basic Education
and Gender
Equality

$18M
Child
Protection 9%
Young Child
Survival and
Development

$122M
62%

$41M
20%

Total: US$198 million

Total: US$287 million

OR Contributions 2006-12: Thematic vs Non-thematic

$1,725M

$1,907M

$2,305M

$2,190M

$2,717M

$2,633M

90
80
70
60

79%

86%

82%

85%

85%

87%

8%

4%

6%

3%

9%

11%

9%

11%

9%

7%

2008

2009

2010

2011

50
40
30
20
10
0

16

2006

2007

12%
7%

$2,698M
Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow
meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.

100

Themaitc ORR
Thematic ORE

89%

3%
7%
2012

Non-thematic

Thematic funds highest quality earmarked funding

Thematic funding is UNICEFs preferred approach when
donor partners want to earmark funds. The thematic
funding windows, aligned with the organizations five
Mid-Term-Strategic-Plan (MTSP) focus areas as well
as humanitarian assistance*, offer an option for soft
earmarking and complementarity, while allowing donor
partners to direct the use of funds according to their
own priorities.

UNICEF together with partners depend

on thematic funds to:
Complement Regular Resources and promote
organizational long term priorities
Scale up programmes with clear, measurable
objectives

Thematic funding can be provided at the global, regional

or country level. Contributions from all donors to the same
Focus Area are co-mingled in an account with the same
duration, which streamlines financial management and
reduces transaction costs. Thematic donors receive one
annual consolidated high-quality narrative report and one
consolidated financial report that are the same for all donors.
The Multilateral Organization Performance Assessment
Network (MOPAN) in 2012 highlighted these reports as
UNICEFs best performance reporting as they link thematic
information to the organisation-wide results framework more
effectively than other reports produced by the organization.

Respond to emergencies swiftly

In 2012, overall thematic funding for the five thematic areas

was $198 million, and thematic humanitarian assistance
was $89 million. While UNICEF is grateful for the
significant contributions it continues receiving from donor
partners, the decline in thematic funding relative to the
total earmarked contributions and in absolute value in the
past years is of great concern. Thematic funding currently
accounts only for approximately 11 per cent of UNICEFs
total Other Resources (OR).

In 2012 thematic funding

assisted us to:

UNICEF welcomes the General Assembly resolution

67/226 (2012 Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review)
and the aim expressed by member states to continuously
reduce transaction costs. As per the UNICEF Executive
Board decision 2013/5 thematic funding will also continue
to benefit from lower recovery costs compared with other
earmarked funding.

Strengthen and support the efforts to

enhance accountability, transparency,
efficiency, coherence and results-based
management
Reduce transaction costs for UNICEF and
donors, thereby allowing for preferential
cost-recovery rates

BURKINA FASO, ETHIOPIA, GHANA, HAITI,

NEPAL and others: coordinate advocacy
efforts and implement and monitor evidence
based nutrition interventions in the framework
of the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) movement.
BANGLADESH: advocate government to
expand policy on universal pre-school, adding a
year of pre-primary to government schools.
ETHIOPIA: support the revision and update
of the national girls education strategy in a
context where 65% of girls are currently not
attending school.

In the coming year UNICEF will work with its donors to

find suitable ways to increase flexible funding for our
programmes including through the thematic
funding modality.

* Donors can allocate Thematic funds to the five MTSP focus areas and humanitarian response as follows:
1: Young Child Survival and Development

4: Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse

2: Basic Education and Gender Equality

5: Policy Advocacy and Partnerships for Childrens Rights

3: HIV/AIDS and Children

6: Humanitarian Response

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

17

Top Ten Donors to Thematic Funding, 2012

The top 10 donors contributed $247 million or 86 per cent
of the total thematic revenue to UNICEF. These donors
provided 89 per cent of total thematic funding for the MTSP
Focus Areas and 80 per cent of Humanitarian Response
thematic funding.

Of the top 10 donors for both MTSP focus areas as well as

humanitarian response, 64 per cent belonged to government
donors while the remaining 36 per cent were NatCom

donors. All government donors (except Brazil) in this list

belong to the OECD Development Assistance Committee.
The top three donors comprised two government donors
including Norway and Sweden, and one NatCom donor,
the Korean Committee for UNICEF. These three donors
contributed 59 per cent of the total contributions of all top 10
donors to thematic funding (including humanitarian response).

MTSP Focus Areas

100

Humanitarian Response
14

97.5

90

12

11.7

80

10

70

9.6

9.3

60

7.8

US$ millions

US$ millions

50

6.5

6.3 6.3

6.0

40

30.6

30

4.0

3.2
20

18.1
2

3.4 3.3 3.3 3.1

18

Italy NC

Netherlands NC

United States of
America NC

Japan NC

Spain NC

France NC

0
United
Kingdom NC

Japan

Luxembourg

Spain NC

Brazil

Italy NC

United
Kingdom NC

Netherlands NC

Republic of
Korea NC

Sweden

Norway

Finland

5.2 4.7

Germany NC

7.0

Norway

10

Total UNICEF Contributions, 2011-12 (US$ millions)

2011

2012*

2,260

2,271

646

601

1,614

1,671

1,004

1,093

610

577

1,089

1,261

a) Regular Resources

377

583

b) Other Resources

712

678

i. Regular

522

595

ii. Emergencies

190

83

307

350

307

350

i. Regular

145

172

ii. Emergencies

163

177

3,656

3,882

55

76

3,711

3,958

1. Government Donors:

(Including Inter-governmental Organizations)**

a) Regular Resources (Net)

b) Other Resources
i. Regular
ii. Emergencies

2. National Committees, Non-governmental,

and Other Private Sector Sources:

3. Inter-organizational Arrangements***
a) Regular Resources
b) Other Resources

SUB-TOTAL INCOME

4. Other Income, net (interest, exchange rate

fluctuations, support costs and misc.)
GRAND TOTAL INCOME

* Change in accounting policy from UNSAS to IPSAS may not allow meaningful comparisons between 2012 figures and prior years.
** Inter-governmental Organizations include: African Development Bank, African Union Commission, Asian Development Bank, European Commission, InterAmerican Development Bank, OPEC Fund, Secretariat of Pacific Community and UNITAID.
*** Inter-organizational Arrangements include: FAO, IOM, PAHO, UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP, UNDPKO, UNDSS, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UN Human
Security Trust Fund, UNMAS, UN Office - Geneva, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UN Secretariat, UN Women, WFP, WHO, World Bank (including the Global Partnership for
Education), as well as UN Joint Programme where UNICEF is the Administrative Agent.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

19

Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member Governments, Regular

Resources (RR) Revenue to UNDP, UNICEF and UNFPA, 2012
UNDP*
Donor Governments
Australia

US$
millions

% of
total

UNICEF
Rank**

US$
millions

% of
total

UNFPA*
Rank**

US$
millions

% of
total

21.6

2.6

12

35.6

5.9

14.9

3.4

12

Austria

2.4

0.3

20

1.5

0.2

19

N/A

N/A

Belgium

27.8

3.3

10

24.7

4.1

7.4

1.7

13

N/A

N/A

18.0

3.0

11

17.4

4.0

10

Denmark

57.7

6.8

29.1

4.8

44.0

10.1

Finland

24.9

2.9

11

21.1

3.5

10

36.0

8.2

France

18.3

2.2

13

1.3

0.2

20

0.5

0.1

19

Germany

29.0

3.4

8.1

1.3

14

20.7

4.7

Greece

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ireland

11.9

1.4

14

11.0

1.8

13

4.2

1.0

15

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

80.5

9.5

17.3

2.9

12

24.9

5.7

Luxembourg

3.9

0.5

18

3.5

0.6

17

3.4

0.8

16

Netherlands

71.4

8.4

42.3

7.0

49.0

11.2

New Zealand

6.5

0.8

16

4.5

0.7

15

5.0

1.1

14

Norway

137.8

16.3

80.5

13.4

59.4

13.6

Portugal

0.6

0.1

26

0.2

0.0

31

N/A

N/A

Republic of Korea

5.0

0.6

17

3.2

0.5

18

0.1

0.0

27

Spain

8.0

0.9

15

3.8

0.6

16

1.9

0.4

17

103.4

12.2

70.0

11.7

66.3

15.2

Switzerland

58.1

6.9

21.6

3.6

15.1

3.5

11

United Kingdom

87.3

10.3

63.5

10.6

31.8

7.3

United States of America

78.4

9.3

131.8

21.9

30.2

6.9

834.5

98.6

592.6

98.6

432.2

98.9

11.6

1.4

8.2

1.4

4.8

1.1

Canada

Italy
Japan

Sweden

Total DAC
Total Non-DAC
Total Contributions

846.1

600.8

437.0

* Provisional 2012 data provided by respective agencies for revenue.

** Ranking denotes rank among DAC countries by contribution to regular resources only. Within each of the above agencies, non-DAC donor countries may
have higher ranking than some of the DAC donors shown.

20

Rank**

Comparative RR Funding from DAC

countries, 2012

Comparative RR Funding from

Non-DAC countries, 2012

UNICEF

UNICEF

32%

33%

UNFPA

UNFPA

23%

20%

UNDP

UNDP

45%

47%

Regular Resources Contributions to UN Agencies by Donor DAC

and Non-DAC countries (US$ millions)
300
UNDP
UNICEF

250

UNFPA

200

150

100

Non-DAC

United States
of America

United Kingdom

Switzerland

Sweden

Spain

Portugal

Norway

New Zealand

Netherlands

Luxembourg

Japan

Italy

Ireland

Greece

Germany

France

Finland

Denmark

Canada

Belgium

Austria

Australia

Republic of Korea

50

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

21

Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member Governments, Total Revenue

to UNICEF Compared to ODA, ODA Per Capita and GNI Per Capita, 2012*
This table is ranked by total contribution to UNICEF per capita.
Total UNICEF contributions include government and NatCom
sources for any given country. In 2012, Norway maintained

Gross National Income Per Capita, 2012

(US$ millions)

Per Capita Revenue to UNICEF, 2012

(US$ millions)
50

40

30

20

10

the first position with a $48.81 per capita contribution,

with Sweden in second position with $23.81 per capita
contribution, following Luxembourg with $21.08 per capita.

48.8

10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000 110,000

Norway

23.8
21.1

102,237

Sweden

55,736
86,400

Luxembourg

12.7
12.1
11.1

Denmark

57,781

Netherlands

46,589
46,122
36,639

Finland

6.7
6.7
6.2
5.5
5.0
4.5
2.8
2.4
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.0
0.5
0.4

Ireland
Switzerland

87,215

United Kingdom

38,839

Belgium

51,135
45,370

Australia
Japan

48,837

Canada

65,987
36,111
42,067
41,995

New Zealand
Germany
France
Republic of Korea
United States
of America
Spain
Austria

22,795
50,765
27,749
47,279

Italy

33,279

Portugal

19,626
21,862

Greece

Total revenue to UNICEF per capita

Donor Country
Norway
Sweden
Luxembourg
Denmark
Netherlands
Finland
Ireland
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Canada
Belgium
Australia
Japan
New Zealand
Germany
France
Republic of Korea
United States
Spain
Austria
Italy
Portugal
Greece
Average Total

Govt
US$
2012
46.86
16.98
16.26
9.63
7.45
7.68
5.71
4.22
5.33
5.17
3.61
3.84
1.56
1.43
0.74
0.30
0.13
1.06
0.26
0.46
0.19
0.02
0.01
2.05

NatCom
US$
2012
1.95
6.83
4.82
3.11
4.61
3.41
1.03
2.43
0.92
0.36
1.40
0.70
1.19
0.97
1.08
1.50
1.32
0.25
1.03
0.76
0.84
0.45
0.39
0.95

Total
US$
2012
48.81
23.81
21.08
12.74
12.06
11.09
6.74
6.66
6.25
5.53
5.01
4.54
2.76
2.41
1.82
1.81
1.45
1.31
1.29
1.22
1.03
0.47
0.40
2.99

* The population figures are from the State of World Population Report 2012.
** Weighted average GNI per capita 2012.
*** www.oecd.org accessed on April 5, 2013.

22

Total ODA
US$ millions
2012***
4,754
5,242
432
2,718
5,524
1,320
809
3,022
13,659
5,678
2,303
5,440
10,494
455
13,108
12,000
1,551
30,460
1,948
1,112
2,639
567
324
125,559

ODA per capita

US$
2012
951
552
864
485
331
244
176
392
218
164
213
238
83
101
160
189
32
96
42
132
43
53
28
130

GNI per capita

US$
2012**
102,237
55,736
86,400
57,781
46,589
46,122
36,639
87,215
38,839
51,135
45,370
65,987
48,837
36,111
42,067
41,995
22,795
50,765
27,749
47,279
33,279
19,626
21,862
44,853

ODA as %
of GNI
2012***
0.93
0.99
1.00
0.84
0.71
0.53
0.48
0.45
0.56
0.32
0.47
0.36
0.17
0.28
0.38
0.45
0.14
0.19
0.15
0.28
0.13
0.27
0.13
0.29

Glossary
Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP) - The CAP is a
programming process through which national, regional
and international relief systems (including UN operational
agencies and, where appropriate to the situation, the
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent
Societies (IFRC), the International Organization for
Migration (IOM), NGOs, bilateral donors as well as
appropriate national and regional structures) are able to
mobilize and respond selectively to major or complex
emergencies that require a system-wide response to
humanitarian crises.
Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) - An
emergency fund administered by the UN Office for the
Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA), from
which UN agencies can receive advances for financing
emergency operations.
Inter-organizational Arrangements - Inter-organizational
Arrangements are a growing source of income to UNICEF.
Inter-organizational Arrangements include, among others,
contributions received through UNAIDS, UNDG, UNDP,
UNESCO, UNFPA, UN Human Security Trust Fund, UNOCHA,
WHO, and the World Bank. Funding from these sources
are mostly directed to humanitarian responses and include,
among other sources, income from various pooled funding
mechanisms, such as grants from the UNOCHA managed
CERF (see above); and multi-donor trust fund contributions.
International Public Sector Financial Reporting
Standards (IPSAS) - UNICEF adopted IPSAS effective
January 1, 2012. IPSAS are credible, high-quality,
independently produced accounting standards,
underpinned by a strong due process and supported
by Governments, professional accounting bodies,
and international organizations. These standards are
specifically tailored to the public sector and integral to UN
management reform.
Medium Term Strategic Plan (MTSP) The MTSP
is UNICEFs strategic plan of action that outlines the
organizational priorities, key results areas and targets
across the five focus areas for programming. The five
focus areas are Young Child Survival and Development,
Basic Education and Gender Equality, HIV/AIDS and
Children, Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and
Abuse, and Policy Advocacy and Partnerships.
Multi-Donor Trust Funds (MDTFs) The Multi Donor
Trust Fund is a funding mechanism which: a) receives and
pools contributions from more than one donor; b) holds
the funds in trust; c) allocates funds through a designated
governance structure; and d) disburses funds through an
Administrative Agent/Fund Manager to a number
of recipients.

Other Resources (OR) - Earmarked contribution for

programmes that is supplementary to the contribution for
Regular Resources (RR) and is made for a specific purpose
such as a particular programme or strategic priority or an
emergency response (ORE).
Other Resources Emergency (ORE) - ORE are funds
specifically provided by donors for UNICEFs humanitarian
action and post-crisis recovery activities. In addition to
UNICEFs traditional donors, important sources of funding for
ORE are the inter-organizational arrangements including the
CERF, and the Multi-Donor Trust Funds (MDTFs) among others.
Funding for ORE is raised through the UN Consolidated Appeal
(CAP) and Flash Appeals in response to the needs outlined in
the UNICEF Humanitarian Action Report and other appeals.
Other Resources Regular (ORR) - ORR are funds for
specific, non-emergency programme purposes and
strategic priorities. ORR allow UNICEF to implement the
activities of approved country programmes, the MTSP
priorities and specific projects at global, regional, and
country levels. The effective use of increases in ORR
depends on commensurate increases in the Regular
Resource base. ORR that UNICEF needs most are those
that are flexible both in their purpose and in their duration.
Private Sector Income - Income received from a grouping
of donors that includes UNICEFs National Committees,
non-governmental organizations, foundations and
corporate donors and individuals.
Public Sector Income - Income received from a
grouping of donors and sources of funding that includes
governments, inter-governmental bodies, and interorganizational arrangements.
Regular Resources (RR) - RR are unearmarked, core
resources that help sustain UNICEF assisted programmes
and enable UNICEF to carry out its mission to improve
the lives of children and women. They include income
from voluntary annual contributions from governments,
un-earmarked funds contributed by National Committees
and the public, as well as the net income from UNICEF
greeting card sales.
Thematic Funding - Thematic funds are contributions that
donors earmark geographically for one of the five MTSP
focus areas or humanitarian response.
UNICEF National Committees (NatComs) - There are 36
UNICEF National Committees throughout the industrialized
world. They are registered non-profit structures, mostly
categorized as non- governmental entities established
according to national laws. Committees play a key role
in advocating for childrens rights everywhere and are
instrumental in mobilizing resources for UNICEFs work.

UNICEF Compendium of Contributions 2012

23

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ADB

Asian Development Bank

AGFUND A
 rab Gulf Programme for United Nations
Development Organizations
CAP

Consolidated Appeals Process

CERF

Central Emergency Response Fund

DAC

Development Assistance Committee

EC

European Commission

ECHO 
European Commission Humanitarian Aid
and Civil Protection

Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe

PAHO

Pan American Health Organization

QCPR

Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review

RR

Regular Resources

UN

United Nations

UNAIDS

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

UNDG

United Nations Development Group

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization

GAIN

Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition

GAVI

Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization

GNI

Gross National Income

HAC

Humanitarian Action for Children

UNESCO 
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Development

IGOs

Inter-Governmental Organizations

UNFPA 
United Nations Population Fund

ILO

International Labour Organization

UNHCR 
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

IOM

International Organization for Migration

UNMAS 
United Nations Mine Action Service

IPSAS

International Public Sector Accounting Standards

UNOCHA 
United Nations Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs

MDG

Millennium Development Goals

MDTF

Multi-Donor Trust Fund

MTSP

Medium-Term Strategic Plan

NATCOM National Committee for UNICEF

UNDPKO United Nations Department of Peacekeeping

Operations
UNDSS United Nations Department of Safety and Security
UNEP 
United Nations Environmental Programme

UNODC

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

UNOPS

United Nations Office for Project Services

UNICEF

United Nations Childrens Fund

NC

National Committee for UNICEF

UNRWA 
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for
Palestine Refugees

NGO

Non-governmental organization

UNSAS

ODA

Official Development Assistance

US Fund US Fund for UNICEF

OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development

24

OSCE

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

OR

Other Resources

ORE

Other Resources-Emergency

ORR

Other Resources-Regular

United Nations System Accounting Standards

VISION

Virtual Integrated System of Information

WFP

World Food Programme

WHO

World Health Organization

Public-Sector Alliances and Resource

Mobilization Office (PARMO)
3 United Nations Plaza, H-12A
New York, NY 10017, USA
www.unicef.org/parmo
United Nations Childrens Fund
May 2013

For the online version, scan this QR code or go to

www.unicef.org/parmo/66662_66837.html