OMEGA TUITION CENTRE

Students name : ____________________________________ Teachers Name : Mr Chew Chin Kuen

Subject : Chemistry Form 5 Class Attend : 5 Chemistry 7
Chapter 3 : oxidation & reduction lesson 26 (26 june 2010) 4.45 6.45 pm




Chemical energy to electrical energy
Chemical / Daniel / Voltaic cell

Chemical energy to electrical energy
Oxidation
Zn Zn
2+
+ 2 e

Silver electrode. As it has a lower position than zinc in electrochemical series
Silvery solid is deposited at silver electrode
Zn + 2 Ag
+
Zn
2+
+ 2 Ag
Barium chloride, when mixed with silver nitrate, will form white precipitate



(g) Write an overall equation for the reaction above

.
[1 mark]
2.
Oxidizing agent
+ 4 0
oxidation
Fe
2+
Fe
3+
+ e-
Using potassium hexacyanoferrate (II). Form a deep blue solution /
Using potassium hexacyanoferrate (III). Form a red blood solution
Green solution turns brown
Yellow precipitate formed
4 Fe
2+
+ SO
2
+ 4 H
+
4 Fe
3+
+ 2 H
2
O + S
Acidified potassium manganate (VII) / acidified potassium dichromate (VI) / bromine water




3.
The presence of hydroxide ion, OH
-
.
The presence of iron (II) ion, Fe
2+

Fe Fe
2+
+ 2 e-
Chemical energy to electrical energy
To prevent excess amount of water in the nail
Metal Y is corroded first before iron nail
Metal Y is more electropositive than iron
Metal Y corroded
X : lead / copper / tin Y : magnesium / aluminium
Q : anodisation R : sacrificial










[3 marks]
4.

Potassium chlorate mixed with manganese (IV) oxide
oxidation
Metal will be oxidized to form metal oxide
Zinc
A , C , B
B is the most electropositive metal
Element B O
Mass 4.8 g 3.2 g
Mol 4.8 / 24 = 0.2 mol 3.2 / 16 = 0.2
Ratio 0.2 / 0.2 = 1 0.2 / 0.2 = 1
Empirical formula = BO



5.
Zinc
Carbon rod I
Dark purplish solid is gathered at anode
2 I
-
I
2
+ 2 e-
Electrode B must have higher position in electrochemical series than A
Metal A is deposited at electrode A
Electrode B is corroded
2 B + A
2+
2 B
+
+ A
A : copper / lead / zinc etc. B : sodium / potassium
6. Four strips of metals (manganese, cobalt, tin and zinc) are taken and each is dipped into separate
beakers containing aqueous solution of 1 mol dm
Two of the metals, M
A
and M
B
, together with their respective solutions of ions are connected as shown in
Figure 2. The voltmeter reading is noted. The experiment is repeated using different combinations of
metals and ion solutions. The results obtained are shown below.
Experiment M
A
M
B
1 Tin manganese
2 Cobalt Zinc
3 Cobalt manganese
4 Tin Cobalt

(a) (i) What is the function of the salt bridge?
.
(ii) Name a suitable substance for use in the salt bridge.

(b) State the main energy change that take place in the above experiments.
....
(c) Given that tin is the most unreactive metal, arrange the four metals in order of
reactivity.

(d) i. Write oxidation reaction in experiment 2
....
(e) Experiment 3 is repeated without the voltmeter, i.e. the two metals are connected directly by a
piece of wire. In which direction is the electron flow in the connecting wire in

(f) Calculate the e.m.f. value in Experiment 4.

To complete the chemical cell and to separate between the 2 electrolytes.
Potassium chloride / sodium chloride
Chemical energy to electrical energy
Tin, cobalt , zinc , manganese
Zn Zn
2+
+ 2 e
-

From manganese to cobalt
Tin / cobalt = Tin / manganese
= 1.05 0.45
= 0.60 V
Four strips of metals (manganese, cobalt, tin and zinc) are taken and each is dipped into separate
beakers containing aqueous solution of 1 mol dm
-3
divalent ions of their respective metal.
, together with their respective solutions of ions are connected as shown in
Figure 2. The voltmeter reading is noted. The experiment is repeated using different combinations of
metals and ion solutions. The results obtained are shown below.
Voltmeter reading (V) Negative terminal
manganese 1.05 Manganese
0.55 Zinc
manganese 0.45 manganese
obalt Cobalt
What is the function of the salt bridge?
.
Name a suitable substance for use in the salt bridge.

State the main energy change that take place in the above experiments.
....
Given that tin is the most unreactive metal, arrange the four metals in order of

rite oxidation reaction in experiment 2

....
Experiment 3 is repeated without the voltmeter, i.e. the two metals are connected directly by a
piece of wire. In which direction is the electron flow in the connecting wire in Experiment 3?

Calculate the e.m.f. value in Experiment 4.

To complete the chemical cell and to separate between the 2 electrolytes.
Potassium chloride / sodium chloride
ectrical energy

/ manganese cobalt / manganese

Four strips of metals (manganese, cobalt, tin and zinc) are taken and each is dipped into separate
divalent ions of their respective metal.

, together with their respective solutions of ions are connected as shown in
Figure 2. The voltmeter reading is noted. The experiment is repeated using different combinations of
Negative terminal
Manganese
Zinc
manganese
Cobalt
.

....
decreasing order of

....
Experiment 3 is repeated without the voltmeter, i.e. the two metals are connected directly by a
Experiment 3?

7. Figure 1 shows the set-up of apparatus for investigating the reactivity of metals X, Y and Z with
oxygen. Metals X, Y and Z are heated first before heating the mixture of potassium chlorate and
manganese dioxide. The observations are recorded in table 1.

Metal Observation
X (brown powder) Glows and forms a black powder
Y (grey powder) Burns vigorously.
Residue is yellow when hot and white when cold.
Z (grey powder) Glows brightly and forms a dark brown powder.
Table 1
(a) What is the function of manganese dioxide?

(b) Name a compound that can be used to replace the mixture of potassium chlorate and manganese
dioxide.

(c) State one factor that can affect the results obtained in this experiment.

(d) (i) By using the information in Table 1, arrange the three metals in order of decreasing reactivity.

(ii) Name metal X and metal Y.

(e) 3.36 g of metal Z reacts with oxygen to produce 4.46 g of an oxide of Z. Calculate the empirical
formula of the oxide formed. [Relative atomic mass : Z, 56; O, 16]



(f) Z oxide can be reduced to metal Z by hydrogen. Draw the set-up of apparatus to carry out this
reduction in the laboratory.
To provide oxygen form metal to oxidize
Potassium manganate (VII)
Size of metal / temperature
X , Z , Y
X is copper ; Y is zinc
Element Z O
Mass 3.36 1.12
Mol 3.36 / 56 = 0.06 1.12 / 16 = 0.09
Ratio 0.06 / 0.06 = 1 0.09 / 0.06 = 1.5

Empirical formula = Z
2
O
3