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Philippine Literary Periods
Ratings: (1)|Views: 27,410 |Likes: 181
Published by Karen Anne H. Canasa
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PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE
I.
PRE-COLONIAL
PERIOD (--BC to
1564)
A.
Characteristics1.
Based on oral
t radi t i ons2.Cru
de on ideology
and
phraseologyB.
Literary Forms1.
Oral Literaturea.
Ri ddl es
(bugtong)
battle of wits
among participants
Tigmo
C e b u P a
k t a k o n

I l o n g g
o Patotdon -
Bicolb.Proverbs
(salawikain)
wise sayings that
contain a metaphor
used to teach asa
food for thoughtc.
Tanaga
- a mono-riming
heptasyllabic
quatrain expressing
insights and
lessonson life is
"more emotionally
charged than the
terse proverb and
thus hasaffinities
with the folk
lyric."2. Folk
SongsIt is a form
of folk lyric which
expresses the
hopes and
aspirations, the
people'slifestyles
as well as their
loves. These are
often repetitive and
sonorous, didactic
andnaivea. Hele
or oyayi
lullabyb.Ambahan
(Mangyan) 7-
syllable per line
poem that are
about
humanrelationship
s and social
entertainmentc.Kal
usan (Ivatan) -
work songs that
depict the
livelihood of the
peopled.Tagay
(Cebuano and
Waray) drinking
songe.Kanogan
(Cebuano) song
of lamentation for
the dead3. Folk
Talesa. Myths
explain how the
world was
created, how
certain
animalspossess
certain
characteristics,
why some places
have waterfalls,
volcanoes,mountai
ns, flora or faunab.
Legends
explain the
origin of things
Why the Pineapple
Has EyesThe
Legend of Maria
Makiling
c. Fables used
animal
characters and
allegoryd.Fantast
ic stories deal
with underworld
characters such
as
tiyanak,aswan
g, kapre and
others4.
Epi cs These are
narratives of
sustained length
based on oral
tradition revolving
aroundsupernatural
events or heroic
deeds (Arsenio
Manuel)E x a mp l
e s : L a m- a n g
( I l o c a n o ) Hi n
i l a wo d
( P a n a y ) K u d
a m a n
( P a l a w a n ) D
a r a n g e n
( M a r a n a o )
II. SPANISH
COLONIZATIO
N PERIOD (1565
1863)

A.
Characteristics1.I
t has two distinct
classifications:
religious and
secular2.It
introduced
Spanish as the
medium of
communicationB.
Literary Forms1.
Religious
Literature -
Religious lyrics
written by ladino
poets or those
versed inboth
Spanish and
Tagalog were
included in early
catechism and
were used toteach
Filipinos the
Spanish
language.a.Pasyon
long narrative
poem about the
passion and death
of Christ. The
mostpopular was
Ang Mahal na
Passion ni Jesu
Cristong
Panignoon Natin
byAguino de
Belenb.Senakulo
dramatization of
the pasyon, it
shows the passion
and death
of Christ2. Secular
(non-religious)
Literaturea.Awit -
colorful tales of
chivalry made for
singing and
chantingExample:
Ibong
Adarnab.Korido
metrical tale
written in
octosyllabic
quatrainsExample:
Florante at Laura
by Francisco
Baltazarc. Prose
Narratives
written to
prescribe proper
decorumi .
D i a l o g
o i i i .
e j e m p l
o i i . Ma n u a l
d e
U r b a n i d a d i v
.
t r a t a d o Exampl
es: Modesto de
Castro's "
Pagsusulatan ng
Dalawang Binibini
na siUrbana at si
Feliza
" and Joaquin
Tuason's "
Ang Bagong
Robinson
" (The
NewRobinson) in
1879
I I I .
NATI ONALI ST
I C /
PROPAGANDA
AND
REVOLUTI ON
ARY
PERI OD(1864
1896)
A.
Characteristics1.P
lanted seeds of
nationalism in
Filipinos2.Langua
ge shifted from
Spanish to
Tagalog3.Address
ed the masses
instead of the
intelligentsia
B.
Literary Forms1.
Propaganda
Literature -
Reformatory in
objectivea.
Political Essays
satires, editorials
and news articles
were written to
attackand expose
the evils of Spanish
rulei.Diariong
Tagalog
founded by
Marcelo del
Pilarii.La
Solidaridad
whose editor-in-
chief is Graciano
Lopez-Jaenab.
Pol i t i c a l
Nove l s i. Noli
Me Tangere and
El
Filibusterismo
Jose Rizals
masterpiecesthat
paved the way to
the revolution
2.
Revolutionary
Literature more
propagandistic
than literary as it
is moreviolent in
nature and
demanded
complete
independence for
the country
a.
Political Essays
helped inflame the
spirit of
revolutioni.
Kalayaan
newspaper of the
society, edited by
Emilio Jacintob .
P o e t r y i. True
Decalogue
Apolinario
Mabiniii.Katapusa
ng Hibik ng
Pilipinas Andres
Bonifacioiii.Liwan
ag at Dilim
Emilio Jacinto
IV. AMERICAN
COLONIAL
PERIOD (1910
1945)
A.
Period of
Apprenticeship
(1910-
1930)1.Filipino
Writers imitated
English and
American
models2.Poems
written were
amateurish and
mushy, which
phrasing and
diction isawkward
and artificial

a.Short
Storiesi.Dead
Stars Paz
Marquez
Benitezii.The
Key Paz
Latorenaiii.Footn
ote to Youth
Jose Garcia
Villab. Novel si.
Childe of Sorrow
first novel in
English, by Zoilo
GalangB. Period
of Emergence
(1920-1930)1.
Highly influenced
by Western literary
trends like
Romanticism and
Realism.a. Short
Stories most
prevalent literary
formi. Jose
Garcia Villa
earned the
international title
Poet of
theCentury
V. JAPANESE
OCCUPATION
(1942 - 1960)
A.
War Years (1942-
1944)1. Tagalog
poets broke
away from the
Balagtas
tradition and
insteadwrote in
simple language
and free
verse2. Fi ct i on
pr evai l ed over
poet r ya.25
Pinakamabuting
Maikling Kthang
Pilipino (1943)
compilation of
theshort story
contest by the
military
governmenti .
Suyuan sa
Tubi gan
Macari o
Pi nedaii.Lupang
Tinubuan
Narciso
Reyesiii.Uhaw
ang Tigang na
Lupa
Liwayway
ArceoB.Period of
Maturity and
Originality (1945-
1960)1.Bountiful
harvest in
poetry, fiction,
drama and
essay2.Filipino
writers mastered
English and
familiarized
themselves
iwhtdiverse
techniques3. Li t er
ar y gi ant s
appear ed
a.
Palanca Awards
for
Literaturei . J o s e
Ga r c i a
Vi l l a i i . Ni c k
J o a q u i n i i i . N
VM
Gonz a l e s i v. Bi
enveni do
Sant os v. Gr ego
r i o
Br i l l ant es v i .
G i l d a
C o r d e r o Ferna
ndob. Na t i ona l
Ar t i s t Awa r ds
i.
J o s e
G a r c i a
V i l l a i i .
N i c k
J o a q u i n
VI.
CONTEMPORAR
Y/MODERN
PERIOD (1960
PRESENT)
A.
Cha r a c t e r i s t i c
s 1.Martial Law
repressed and
curtailed human
rights, including
freedom of
thepress
2.
Writers used
symbolisms and
allegories to drive
home their
message, at
theface of heavy
censorship3.Theate
r was used as a
vehicle for protest,
such as the PETA
(Phil.
Educational Theat
er Association) and
UP Theater.4.From
the eighties
onwards, writers
continue to show
dynamism and
innovation
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Michelle Mimi Dela Cruz added this note
NICE :) IT HELP A LOT ^_^ BUT I NEED SHORT STORIES DURING PROPAGANDA
AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD :)


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