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INHIBITORS
CHOLINERGIC BLOCKERS
EFFECTS
1) Hypotension due to generalized VD
2) Flushing of Skin
3) Increased I! " #! tone and acti$ity
%) &iosis''
() Decreased Intraocular )ressure''
** Only during topical admin (eye
drops)
1) &yadriasis *dilated pupils)
2) +ntispas,odic +ction
- treat,ent for Diarrhea
3) .eduction of astric "
Sali$ary Secretions
ADVERSE
EFFECTS
1) /0cessi$e Sali$ation
- treat,ent for 1erosto,ia
2) Flushed Skin
3) +2do,inal 3ra,ps 45 Diarrhea
%) 6radycardia
() Hypotension
1) Defecation
2) 3onstricted )upils
3) S4eating
%) /0cessi$e Sali$ation
() 6ronchial 3onstriction
7) !re,ors
8) Hallucination
9) +ta0ia
:) .espiratory )aralysis
1;) Death
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS (SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS) ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS
I. Direct Sti!"#$t%
&' #$( Rece)t&r%
/)I</)H.I</ +drenaline Drug results in $ariation of tissue response
to
sy,pathetic sti,ulation
I. Rece)t&r%
*+ 1) &yadriasis
2) V3 of 6Vs in skin
,+ 1) <egati$e feed2ack of /.
= inhi2ition of </. .elease
II. Rece)t&r%
* (ER -NER)
1) 3ardiac Sti,ulation
2) >ipolysis
3) .enin Secretion in kidneys
, (ER)
1) VD of skeletal " coronary
,uscles
2) 6ronchodilation
<?./)I</)H.I</ >e$ophed
>/V?<?.D/F.I< <eo-3o2efrin
D?)+&I</ Intropin
/)H/D.I</
II. Direct Sti!"#$t%
&' Rece)t&r%
( AGONISTS)
)H/<@>/)H.I</ <eo-Synephrine
III. Direct Sti!"#$t%
&' Rece)t&r%
( AGONISTS)
IS?).?!/./<?> Isuprel
Se"ecti.e Sti!"#$t%
&' , Rece)t&r% i$
Br&$c/i (F&r A%t/#)+
S+>6#!+&?> Ventolin
!/.6#!+>I</ 6ricanyl
ADRENERGIC BLOCKING DRUGS (SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS)
I. ADRENERGIC
BLOCKERS
)H/<!?>+&I</ .igitin ForA )eripheral Vascular Disease
Hypertension
Headaches of 3entral Vascular ?rigin
/.?! +>B+>?IDS /rgota,ine !artrate
II. ADRENERGIC
BLOCKERS
).?)+<?>?> Inderal
ForA +ngina )ectoris
Hypertension
3ardiac +rryth,ias
&igraine Headaches
III. ADRENERGIC
NEURON
BLOCKERS
./S/.)I</ Serpasil
ForA Hypertension
&/!H@>D?)+ +ldo,et
#+</!H/DI</ Is,eline
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS (SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS)
DRUG DETAILS
EPINEPHRINE
(A(re$#"i$e)
+cts on 2oth and .eceptors
*4ith one 2eing do,inant in tissue)
+drenergic +gonist
1A1;;; in a,pules
1A9; to 1A2;; in Dent +nesthetics
+cts as V3 = prolongs anesthetic eCect
Drug of choice for e,ergencies
&ID +naphyla0isD +cute +sth,a +ttacks
1A1;;;E ;F2;F(,> *I&DS3DI&)
If IVA dilated 45 1;,> sterile H2?
ACTIONS
1) Direct 3ardiac Sti,ulant
2) V3 of 6Vs of skinD ,,D kidneys ()
3) V35VD of 6Vs in skeletal ,uscles ()
%) 6ronchodilation (,)
() IncF 2lood sugar " fatty acid le$els (,)
NOREPINEPHRINE
(Le.&)/e()
Fro, sy,pathetic postganglionic neurons in response to an i,pulseE
also fro, adrenal ,edullaD in s,all a,ounts
>ess potent than /.
<ot for e,ergency situationsE only for Hypotension associated 4ith
Septic Shock to increase 6)
V3 in >+ +gents
1A3; to 1A(;
DOPAMINE
(I$tr&)i$)
I,,ediate precursor of </.
!yrosine hydroxylation D?)+ carboxylation D?)+&I</ Dopamine--hydroxylase </.
&ainly as a 3<S <eutrotrans,itter su2stance
RECEPTORS
*) D&)#i$e Rece)t&r%+ .enalD &esenteric " 3oronary ,uscles
,) Rece)t&r%+ V3 4ith ele$ation of 6)
0) Rece)t&r%+ H.E 3ontractilityE 3ardiac ?utput *nor,alA (-8>)
EPHEDRINE
ForA 6ronchial +sth,a
&yadriasis
<asal 3ongestion
ISOPROTERENOL
(I%!)re")
Synthetic +drenergic Deri$ati$e of /.
ForA 6ronchial +sth,a 1A%;; concentration
Heart 6lock 1A(;; concentration a,pule
Su2lingual !a2sA 1;-1(,g
DENTAL USES
1) &edical /,ergencies
1A1;;; aGueous solHn
;F2;F(,> *I&DS3DI&)
If IVA dilated 45 1;,> sterile H2?
2) He,ostatic +gent
1A1;;; topical solHn
3) V3 in >+ +gents
%) ingi$al .etraction 3ord
CONTRAINDICATIONS
1) 3V Disease
2) Hypertension
3) Hypotension
D.# .?#) &/3H+<IS&
?F +3!I?<
/<F3H+.+3!/.IS!I3S )H+.&+ /FF/3!S +DV/.S/ /FF/3!S
<on-?pioid5<on-
<arcotic +nalgesics "
+ntipyretics
Inhi2ition of
)rostaglandin
Synthesis
1) .elie$es pain 45 ,inor
alteration of
consciousness
2) .elie$es ,ild to
,oderate pain only
3) Fe4er side eCects
%) <ot addicting
() +cts on )eripheral
<er$e /ndings
Peri)/er#"+
+<+>/SI+
+<!I-I<F>+&&+!?.@
Ce$tr#"+
+<!I)@./SIS
1) I! /Cect
2) Hypo-prothro2ine,ia
3) !hyroid-Sti,ulating /Cect
%) &eta2olic /Cects
() Hepatic " .enal /Cects
7) )regnancy " <ursing
8) Hypersensiti$ity
9) He,olysis
<S+IDS 1) +nalgesia
2) +nti-InIa,,atory
3) +ntipyresis
%) #ricosuric /Cects
() Dys,ennorhea
CNS STIMULANTS
I. CEREBRAL/CORTICAL STIMULANTS
A. 1ANTHINES
*. CAFFEINE
2 ASA
2 ERGOTAMINE
TARTRATE
N&D&34 Vi.#ri$
A$#ci$4 E5ce(ri$
A.#i6r#$4 C#'er6&t
,. THEOPHYLLINE Ai$&)/7""i$e 2 et/7"e$e (i#i$e4
T/e&D!r4 T/e&Bi(
0. THEOBROMINE
SALICYLATE
II. MEDULLARY STIMULANTS
*. PENTYLENETETRA8OL Metr#3&"
,. NIKETHAMIDE C&r#i$e
III. SPINAL STIMULANTS
*. STRYCHNINE
IV. SYMPATHOMIMETIC AMINES
A. AMPETHAMINES
*. AMPETHAMINE Be$3e(ri$e
,. DE1TROAMPETHAMINE De5e(ri$e
0. METHAMPETHAMINE De%&57$4 Cr7%t#" Met/ (9%/#:!;)
<. PHENTERMINE 2
CAFFEINE
I&$#i$4 D!r&i$e
B. COCAINE
ANTI=INFECTIVE DRUGS USED IN DENTISTRY
I. PENICILLINS (=LACTAMS)
A. PENICILLIN G (BEN8YLPENICILLIN)
*. BEN8ATHINE PEN G Pe$#(!r LA4 Pei".i$
,. PROCAINE PEN G Pe$#(!r >=0=0
B. PENICILLIN V (PHENO1YMETHYL
PENICILLIN)
Pe$ VK4 Pe$t#ci""i$
II. PENICILLINASE=RESISTANT PENICILLINS (PRP)
*. NAFCILLIN Vi6&)e$
,. O1ACILLIN Pr&%t#)/"i$
0. CLO1ACILLIN Pr&%t#)/"i$ A
III. E1TENDED=SPECTRUM PENICILLINS
A. AMPICILLIN=LIKE
*. AMPETHAMINE A)ici$4 A)i$4 Pe$%7$
,. DE1TROAMPETHAMINE A&5i"4 Pe(i#&54 Pe$:i&%7$
B. CARBANICILLIN=LIKE
*. CARBANICILLIN P7&)e$
C. AMIDINOPENICILLIN
*. AMIDINOCILLIN Se"e5i(
ERYTHROMYCIN (MACROLIDES)
*. ERYTHROMYCIN BASE Er7t/r&ci$4 Er7ci$
,. ERYTHROMYCIN STEARATE P/#re54 Er7t/r&7ci$
0. ERYTHROMYCIN ETHYL
SUCCINATE
Ri$4 Er7c#r
<. ERYTHROMYCIN ESTOLATE I"&%&$e
?. A8ITHROMYCIN 8it/r
>. CLARITHROMYCIN K"#rici(
TETRACYCLINE
*. TETRACYCLINE HCL
,. O1YTETRACYCLINE HCL Terr#7ci$
0. DO1YCYCLINE HCL Vi:r&7ci$4 D&5ic&$
<. MINOCYCLINE HCL Mi$&ci$
?. METHACYCLINE
>. DEMOCYCLINE Dec"&7ci$
CEPHALOSPORINS
A. FIRST GENERATION
*. CEPHALE1IN Ce'#"i$
,. CEPHADRINE Ve"&%e'
0. CEPHALOTHIN Ke@i$
B. SECOND GENERATION
*. CEFACLOR Cec"&r
,. CEFURO1IME 8i$#ce'
C. THIRD GENERATION
*. CEFOTA1IME C"#'&r#$
,. CEPHALORIDINE L&ri(i$e
D. FOURTH GENERATION
*. CEFEPIME M#5i)ie
OTHER ANTI=INFECTIVE DRUGS
A. CLINDAMYCIN D#"#ci$ C
B. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
*. STREPTOMYCIN
,. KANAMYCIN K#$#7ci$ MeiAi
0. GENTAMYCIN G#r#7ci$
C. SULFONAMIDES
*. SULFAMETHO1A8OLE B#ctri B/ TMP
D. VANCOMYCIN V#$c&ci$
E. METRONIDA8OLE F"#67"
F. CHLORAMPHENICOL
G. OTHER =LACTAMS
*. CARBAPENEMS i.e. IMIPENEM
,. MONOBACTAMS i.e. A8TREONAM
ANTI=FUNGALS
A. NYSTATIN M7c&%t#ti$
B. IMIDA8OLES
*. CLOTRIMA8OLE C#$e%te$
,. KETOCONA8OLE Ni3&r#"
C. OTHER ANTIFUNGALS
*. AMPHOTERICIN B F!$6i3&$e4 V#$6i7ci$
,. GRISEOFULVIN Gri%&.e$ FP