PRESENT PERFECT TENSE SIMPLE

1. Past actions with present results;

(actiuni trecute cu consecinte in prezent);
I have learnt the lesson and now I know it.
2. Actions completed recently or which are still incomplete (recently, lately, just,
already only in affirmatie and interro!atie sentences, yet only in ne!atie
and interro!atie sentences);
(actiuni recent incheiate sau care inca nu s"au incheiat);
#ote$ In %uestions we use already if the action is performed earlier than
e&pected, and yet when we only want to know if the action has 'een
performed.
(.!.$ It)s only * o)clock. Have they already arrived+
I don)t know, Have they arrived yet+
-. - Actions performed in an uncompleted period of time and which can be
repeated ;
I have met him twice this week.
- Actions completed before the present moment, but whose time is not
mentioned;
Ive had a 'usy 'ut profita'le day.
(up to now, so far, neer, often, today, this week.month.year etc)
(actiuni desfasurate intr"o perioada de timp nedefinita sau neterminata si care se
mai pot repeta pana la sfarsitul perioadei);
/. At the beginning of a conversation (in questions), when we dont now the e!act
moment of the action (eer, 'efore);
(la inceputul unei conersatii, in special in intre'ari, cand nu se cunoaste e&act
momentul in care a aut loc actiunea);
Have you eer cooked ('efore)+
*. After comparative"superlative constructions and after it)s the first time,
(dupa constructii comparatie.superlatie si dupa it)s the first time,);
0his is the most interestin! 'ook I have eer read.
It)s the first time I have travelled 'y plane.
1. #o e!press a future action that occurs before another future action (in time
clauses, when in the main clause its used the $uture #ense) (as soon as, when,
after, 'y the time, until);
(pt. a e&prima o actiune iitoare care a aea loc inaintea altei actiuni iitoare);
Ill phone 2n!ela as soon as.when.after I have had dinner.
Note: $uture #ense %egative & until & Present Perfect
3ou wont o o!t until you have "ini#hed your work4
$uture #ense Affirmative & 'y the time & Present Perfect
I will have $een h!nr% 'y the time the teleision pro!ramme has
"ini#hed4
&ther time phra#e#:
" 567 8 the period of time;
" 9I#:( 8 the beginning of the period.
I have known him since 1;;; . for < years.
'""irmative:
' & (A)*"(A' (+rd pers, sing,)& )b, --- (Past Participle)
=e ha# #een two films this afternoon.
Interroative:
(A)*"(A' & ' & )b, --- .
Ha# he #een two films this afternoon+
Neative:
' & (A)*"(A' & %/# ((A)*%#"(A'%#) & )b, ---
=e ha#nt #een two films this afternoon.
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE C&NTIN(&(S
0, Activities which began in the past, include the present and may e!tend into the
future;
(actiuni care au inceput in trecut, continua in prezent si pot continua si in iitor);
0hey have $een pla%in tennis for two hours.
1, 2ecent actions which e!plain present results;
(actiuni recente cu rezultate eidente in prezent);
>lease e&cuse my dirty clothes. Ive $een workin in the !arden.
-. 3onstantly repeated actions (actiuni repetate in mod constant);
Ive $een takin 5rench lessons for si& months.
'""irmative:
' & (A)*"(A' (+rd pers, sing,) & 4**% & )b,-IN)
0hey have $een pla%in tennis since * o)clock.
Interroative:
(A)*"(A' & ' &4**% & )b,-IN) .
Have they $een pla%in tennis since * o)clock+
Neative:
' & (A)*"(A' & %/# ((A)*%#"(A'%#) & )b,-IN)
0hey havent $een pla%in tennis since * o)clock.

P'ST TENSE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Action in the past when the time"place
of the action is mentioned5
I had a 'usy 'ut profita'le day
yesterday.
#he time of the past action is not
mentioned5
I have had a 'usy 'ut profita'le day.
#o as for specific information5
*id you meet him yesterday+
#o open a conversation5
Have you met my friend+
#he period of time is completed5
I read this 'ook last month.
#he period of time is uncompleted5
I have read two 'ooks this month.
6(ow long ago.7
I met her two years a!o.
6(ow long.7
I have known her for two years.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE SIMPLE v#+
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE C&NTIN(&(S
" Pre#ent Per"ect Ten#e C&NTIN(&(S refers to a period of time e!tending up
to the present moment ,H&- L&N)./
=e ha# $een li#tenin to records for one hour.
" Pre#ent Per"ect Ten#e SIMPLE refers to the number of things"actions
performed within that period of time ,H&- M'N0./
=e ha# li#tened two records.