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Febrero-Marzo, 2014
Ecuaciones
Constantes
Simbologa
Programacin
Observaciones
Ecuaciones
Debido a la introduccin al documento de THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR
THE PROPERTIES OF WATER AND STEAM, Revised Release on the IAPWS Formulation
1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for General and
Scientific Use, se cambian las ecuaciones y constantes propuestas en un inicio, tomadas de Thermodynamic Properties in SI. Las ecuaciones actuales son:
Ecuacin 5
Y la ecuacin 6:
[(
(
) ]
[(
) ]
(
Para resolver estas ecuaciones se utilizar el lenguaje de programacin Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, el cual ya ha sido instalado.
Constantes
En el programa se requiere ingresar estas ecuaciones con varias constantes, que tambin se hallan en el documento de la IAPWS, y se muestran a continuacin:
Constantes generales:
e = 2.718281828
roc = 322 'kg/m3
Tc = 647.096 'K
R = 0.46151805 'kJ/kgK
Para la ecuacin 5:
n0(1) = -8.3204464837497
n0(2) = 6.6832105275932
n0(3) = 3.00632
n0(4) = 0.012436
n0(5) = 0.97315
n0(6) = 1.2795
n0(7) = 0.96956
n0(8) = 0.24873
gamma0(1) = 1
gamma0(2) = 1
gamma0(3) = 1
gamma0(4) = 1.28728967
gamma0(5) = 3.53734222
gamma0(6) = 7.74073708
gamma0(7) = 9.24437796
gamma0(8) = 27.5075105
Para la ecuacin 6:
m(1) = 0.012533547935523
m(2) = 7.8957634722828
m(3) = -8.7832333561
m(4) = 0.318259345418
m(5) = -0.26145533859358
m(6) = -7.8199751687981E-03
m(7) = 0.008808949312134
m(8) = -0.6685657237965
m(9) = 0.20433810950965
m(10) = -6.621265039687E-05
m(11) = -0.1923272115602
m(12) = -0.257904303438
m(13) = 0.16074868486251
m(14) = -0.04009282892587
m(15) = 3.934342263254E-07
m(16) = -7.5941377088144E-06
m(17) = 5.6250979351888E-04
m(18) = -1.568652257135E-05
m(19) = 1.1537996422951E-09
m(20) = 3.658216514424E-07
m(21) = -1.3251180074668E-12
m(22) = -6.2639586912454E-10
m(23) = -0.10793698932
m(24) = 0.01761149108752
m(25) = 0.22132295167546
m(26) = -0.40247669763528
m(27) = 0.58083399985759
m(28) = 0.004996914699086
m(29) = -0.0313587712549
m(30) = -0.74315929710341
m(31) = -0.478732991548
m(32) = 0.020527940895948
m(33) = -0.13636435110343
m(34) = 0.0141806344617
m(35) = 0.008332654880713
m(36) = -0.02905233609585
m(37) = 0.03861508557426
m(38) = -0.02039348651374
m(39) = -1.6554050063734E-03
m(40) = 1.9955571979541E-03
m(41) = 1.587038324157E-04
m(42) = -1.638856834253E-05
m(43) = 0.043613615723811
m(44) = 0.03499405463765
m(45) = -0.076788197844621
m(46) = 0.02244627733206
m(47) = -6.2689710414685E-05
m(48) = -5.5711118565645E-10
m(49) = -0.199571835448
m(50) = 0.31777497330738
m(51) = -0.11841182425981
m(52) = -31.306260323435
m(53) = 31.546140237781
m(54) = -2521.3154341695
m(55) = -0.14874640856724
m(56) = 0.31806110878444
c(1) =
c(2) =
c(3) =
c(4) =
c(5) =
c(6) =
c(7) =
c(8) = 1
c(9) = 1
c(10) = 1
c(11) = 1
c(12) = 1
c(13) = 1
c(14) = 1
c(15) = 1
c(16) = 1
c(17) = 1
c(18) = 1
c(19) = 1
c(20) = 1
c(21) = 1
c(22) = 1
c(23) = 2
c(24) = 2
c(25) = 2
c(26) = 2
c(27) = 2
c(28) = 2
c(29) = 2
c(30) = 2
c(31) = 2
c(32) = 2
c(33) = 2
c(34) = 2
c(35) = 2
c(36) = 2
c(37) = 2
c(38) = 2
c(39) = 2
c(40) = 2
c(41) = 2
c(42) = 2
c(43) = 3
c(44) = 3
c(45) = 3
c(46) = 3
c(47) = 4
c(48) = 6
c(49) = 6
c(50) = 6
c(51) = 6
c(52) = 1
c(53) = 1
c(54) = 1
d(1) = 1
d(2) = 1
d(3) = 1
d(4) = 2
d(5) = 2
d(6) = 3
d(7) = 4
d(8) = 1
d(9) = 1
d(10) = 1
d(11) = 2
d(12) = 2
d(13) = 3
d(14) = 4
d(15) = 4
d(16) = 5
d(17) = 7
d(18) = 9
d(19) = 10
d(20) = 11
d(21) = 13
d(22) = 15
d(23) = 1
d(24) = 2
d(25) = 2
d(26) = 2
d(27) = 3
d(28) = 4
d(29) = 4
d(30) = 4
d(31) = 5
d(32) = 6
d(33) = 6
d(34) = 7
d(35) = 9
d(36) = 9
d(37) = 9
d(38) = 9
d(39) = 9
d(40) = 10
d(41) = 10
d(42) = 12
d(43) = 3
d(44) = 4
d(45) = 4
d(46) = 5
d(47) = 14
d(48) = 3
d(49) = 6
d(50) = 6
d(51) = 6
d(52) = 3
d(53) = 3
d(54) = 3
t(1) = -0.5
t(2) = 0.875
t(3) = 1
t(4) = 0.5
t(5) = 0.75
t(6) = 0.375
t(7) = 1
t(8) = 4
t(9) = 6
t(10) = 12
t(11) = 1
t(12) = 5
t(13) = 4
t(14) = 2
t(15) = 13
t(16) = 9
t(17) = 3
t(18) = 4
t(19) = 11
t(20) = 4
t(21) = 13
t(22) = 1
t(23) = 7
t(24) = 1
t(25) = 9
t(26) = 10
t(27) = 10
t(28) = 3
t(29) = 7
t(30) = 10
t(31) = 10
t(32) = 6
t(33) = 10
t(34) = 10
t(35) = 1
t(36) = 2
t(37) = 3
t(38) = 4
t(39) = 8
t(40) = 6
t(41) = 9
t(42) = 8
t(43) = 16
t(44) = 22
t(45) = 23
t(46) = 23
t(47) = 10
t(48) = 50
t(49) = 44
t(50) = 46
t(51) = 50
t(52) = 0
t(53) = 1
t(54) = 4
alfa(52) = 20
alfa(53) = 20
alfa(54) = 20
beta(52) = 150
beta(53) = 150
beta(54) = 250
beta(55) = 0.3
beta(56) = 0.3
lambda(52) = 1.21
lambda(53) = 1.21
lambda(54) = 1.25
epsilon(52) = 1
epsilon(53) = 1
epsilon(54) = 1
a(55) = 3.5
a(56) = 3.5
b(55) = 0.85
b(56) = 0.95
milk(55) = 0.2
milk(56) = 0.2
goku(55) = 28
goku(56) = 32
gohan(55) = 700
gohan(56) = 800
goten(55) = 32
goten(56) = 32
Simbologa
Como se puede ver, las constantes provistas difieren en la simbologa utilizada de las
ecuaciones, esto es porque para evitar errores en el programa se cambiaron ciertas
constantes cuya letra se repeta o variaba de mayscula a minscula. Estos cambios se
hacen tambin en la ecuacin que se ingresa. A continuacin se exponen los cambios:
En la ecuacin 5:
ORIGINAL
PROGRAMA CDIGO
dr
n0
tr
gamma0
fi0
ro
roc
te
( )
S48
En la ecuacin 6:
ORIGINAL
PROGRAMA CDIGO
m0
dr
tr
firesid
delta
psi
theta
milk
goten
goku
gohan
( )
Programacin
Con estas variaciones, las ecuaciones se ingresan en el programa como sigue:
'calculo de ficero
dr = ro / roc
tr = Tc / te
'sumatorios para ecuacion 5
S48 = 0
For i = 4 To 8
S48 = S48 + n0(i) * Log(1 - e ^ (-gamma0(i) * tr))
Next i
'ecuacion 5
fi0 = Log(dr) + n0(1) + n0(2) * tr + n0(3) * Log(tr) + S48
'sumatorios para ecuacion 6
S17 = 0
For i = 1 To 7
S17 = S17 + m(i) * (dr ^ d(i)) * (tr ^ t(i))
Next i
S851 = 0
For i = 8 To 51
S851 = S851 + m(i) * (dr ^ d(i)) * (tr ^ t(i)) * (e ^ (-dr ^ c(i)))
Next i
S5254 = 0
For i = 52 To 54
S5254 = S5254 + m(i) * (dr ^ d(i)) * (tr ^ t(i)) * (e ^ (-(alfa(i) * (dr - epsilon(i)) ^ 2) (beta(i) * (tr - lambda(i)) ^ 2)))
Next i
S5556 = 0
For i = 55 To 56
delta = theta ^ 2 + milk(i) * ((dr - 1) ^ 2) ^ a(i)
theta = (1 - tr) + goten(i) * ((dr - 1) ^ 2) ^ (1 / (2 * beta(i)))
psi = e ^ (-goku(i) * (dr - 1) ^ 2 - gohan(i) * (tr - 1) ^ 2)
S5556 = S5556 + m(i) * (delta ^ b(i)) * dr * psi
Next i
'ecuacion 6
firesid = S17 + S851 + S5254 + S5556
Observaciones
Con estas ecuaciones se calculan los valores de fi0 (ficero) y firesid (fisresidual) provistos en el documento de la IAPWS, a manera de comprobacin para una temperatura T
de 500 K y una densidad de 838.025 kg m-3, los valores provistos se muestran a continuacin:
0 = 0.204797733 x 101
r = - 0.342693206 x 101
El valor de fi0 (ficero) se logra hallar de manera correcta (2.0479773347872). Mientras
que el valor de firesid (fisresidual) es errneo (-5.15915984039267).
Proceder a revisar todas y cada una de las constantes en bsqueda de posibles errores al momento de copiar los valores. Considera usted que existe algn error en el
cdigo o en las ecuaciones?, de ser el caso, agradecera su amable correccin.